Tool and process method for vacuum annealing of magnetically soft alloy
By using high temperature -resistant particles filling containers in vacuum annealing equipment, covering the surface of the soft magnetic alloy parts, the oxidation problem caused by insufficient vacuum degree, reducing equipment costs and maintenance costs, and increasing the surface status of the parts.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411322072.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-28
AI Technical Summary
In the existing soft magnetic alloy vacuum annealing technology, insufficient vacuum degree leads to oxidation of parts, and high equipment costs and high maintenance costs.
The use of a soft magnetic alloy vacuum annealing worker and process method, through filling particles with high temperature resistance and strong chemical stability in the container, completely cover the surface of the parts to reduce the gap to avoid oxidation.
Under the conditions of existing vacuum annealing equipment, effectively slow down or avoid the oxidation of soft magnetic alloy parts, reduce equipment investment and maintenance costs, and increase the surface status of the parts.
Smart Images
Figure CN119372418A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of heat treatment of soft magnetic alloys, and in particular to a tool and method for vacuum annealing of soft magnetic alloys. Background Art
[0002] Soft magnetic alloys generally need to be vacuum annealed after machining to achieve the best performance. The annealing of soft magnetic alloys needs to be carried out at high temperatures, and the annealing process takes a long time, often lasting from ten to dozens of hours. However, due to equipment capabilities and environmental factors, although the annealing process is carried out in a vacuum furnace, the vacuum degree is not high enough, and parts often have certain traces of oxidation. Moreover, the annealing of soft magnetic alloys is often carried out after machining is completed, and no further machining is allowed after annealing to prevent grain fragmentation from affecting magnetic properties.
[0003] At present, the only way to ensure that the parts are in a high vacuum environment during the annealing process to avoid oxidation is to continuously improve the equipment capacity of the vacuum equipment. In addition, there is no stable and reliable process method. However, under the current conditions, if the vacuum degree is increased by one level, the equipment cost needs to double. Therefore, according to this idea, the equipment capacity requirements are high, and a large amount of equipment investment is often required, and the equipment maintenance cost is high. Summary of the invention
[0004] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a tool and process method for vacuum annealing of soft magnetic alloys, which can significantly slow down or avoid the oxidation of soft magnetic alloys during the annealing process under the conditions of existing annealing equipment.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is a tooling and process method for vacuum annealing of soft magnetic alloys. The tooling used includes a container for holding parts and filling particles. The container can be placed in an annealing device, and the parts to be annealed are placed in the container. The filling particles fill the gap between the parts and the container, and the filling particles completely cover the surface of the parts. The filling material is made of a material that is resistant to high temperatures and has strong chemical stability. The container may include a top cover.
[0006] The particle size of the filling particles is not greater than 0.15 cm, the filling particles are resistant to high temperatures above 850°C, and the filling particles are resistant to high temperatures above 1000°C.
[0007] The filling particle material can be selected as Al2O3 or MgO or SiC.
[0008] The soft magnetic alloy vacuum annealing process comprises the following steps:
[0009] (1) Drying the filling particles at a temperature of 800°C to 900°C;
[0010] (2) Clean the parts and containers to be processed;
[0011] (3) Spreading filling particles on the bottom of the container;
[0012] (4) Place the parts to be processed in a container; the container may have a lid.
[0013] (5) Fill and compact the gap between the container and the part to be processed with filling particles, so that the filling particles safely cover all surfaces of the part to be processed;
[0014] (6) placing the container containing the parts and the filling particles into an annealing furnace for annealing;
[0015] (7) Take out the container and clean the filling particles on the parts.
[0016] At least one part can be accommodated in the container.
[0017] The annealing furnace is a vacuum annealing furnace or is filled with inert gas.
[0018] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the ordinary vacuum furnace can be continued to be used, and by adding a simple universal tooling or container and filling the tooling or container with high temperature resistant filling particles, the purpose of protecting the soft magnetic alloy parts, slowing down or avoiding the oxidation of the soft magnetic alloy during the annealing process, and finally improving the surface state of the soft magnetic alloy after annealing is achieved. The tooling and process method have strong versatility, low cost and convenient operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the single-part container process;
[0020] Figure 2 It is a process schematic diagram of a container with a cover;
[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the process for placing multiple parts in a container;
[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the process of assembling a container with a cover with multiple parts;
[0023] Marked in the figure: 101-container, 102-soft magnetic alloy part, 103-filling particles, 104-top cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0025] The soft magnetic alloy applicable to the present invention is a type of soft magnetic alloy that needs to be vacuum heat treated after mechanical processing and is prohibited from further mechanical processing after heat treatment, including but not limited to the following grades: 1J22, 1J50, 1J79, etc.
[0026] In order to effectively avoid oxidation of soft magnetic alloys during annealing, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is to introduce an auxiliary general tooling during the annealing process, utilize the limited space constraints of the tooling, load the soft magnetic alloy parts to be annealed in the limited space, and inject high-temperature resistant filling particles with low particle size into the inside of the tooling to completely fill the space inside the tooling and completely cover the surface of the parts to fully contact the parts, and then load the assembly together into a vacuum furnace for annealing.
[0027] The tooling includes a container for holding parts and filling particles. The container can be placed in the annealing equipment, and the part to be annealed is placed in the container. The filling particles fill the gap between the part and the container, and the filling particles completely cover the surface of the part. The filling material is made of a material that is resistant to high temperatures and has strong chemical stability. The volume of the container can load a single part, or multiple parts at the same time. High-temperature resistant filling particles include but are not limited to Al2O3 powder, MgO powder, SiC powder, etc. As long as it can be guaranteed that it will not decompose, soften, or harden at high temperatures, and the chemical properties are stable and strong, the high temperature resistance is generally at least 850°C, preferably above 1100°C. Considering cost and stability, alumina is preferred.
[0028] The container should be made of high temperature resistant metal, and the metal should have certain corrosion resistance and high temperature deformation resistance. It can be used but not limited to stainless steel, such as 1Cr18Ni9Ti, etc. The container may include a top cover or not. Regardless of whether there is a top cover or not, the surface of the part needs to be covered with high temperature resistant filling particles.
[0029] Before annealing, the high temperature resistant filling particles are treated, and the dehydration and drying temperature is 800℃-900℃. Then, the high temperature resistant filling particles are evenly spread on the bottom of the tooling or container, with a thickness of about 2mm-10mm, preferably 3mm-5mm. After the filling particles are cooled, one or more parts are placed on the high temperature resistant filling particles according to actual needs. For example, there should be gaps between multiple parts. If the parts are flat and regular in shape, they can also fit tightly without leaving gaps. Continue to fill the high temperature resistant filling particles, fill the parts and the parts and the tooling or container completely, until it is filled to 10mm-20mm above the parts, gently press, cover with the upper cover, or not cover. Put the tooling or container with parts and high temperature resistant filling particles into a vacuum furnace for annealing. After annealing, take out the parts and clean the high temperature resistant filling particles on the surface.
[0030] Figure 1 The figure shows the process schematic diagram of a single-part container with a cover in the first embodiment.
[0031] Before annealing, the high temperature resistant filling particles 103 are first dried at a high temperature of 800-900°C for 1h-3h to remove the moisture in the high temperature resistant filling particles 103, and then the soft magnetic alloy parts 102 and the tooling or container 101 are cleaned with a cleaning agent and dried, and then a small amount of high temperature resistant filling particles 103 are loaded into the bottom of the tooling or container 101, and the soft magnetic alloy parts 102 are placed on the high temperature resistant filling particles 103, and the high temperature resistant filling particles 103 are continuously filled between the soft magnetic alloy parts 102 and the tooling or container 101 until the high temperature resistant filling particles 103 completely fill the gap between the soft magnetic alloy parts 102 and the tooling or container 101 and lightly compact it, and finally the tooling or container top cover 104 is covered on the tooling or container 101. Then the tooling or container 101 containing the soft magnetic alloy parts 102 and the high temperature resistant filling particles 103 and covered with the top cover 104 is loaded into a vacuum furnace for annealing. After annealing, the soft magnetic alloy part 102 is taken out, and the high temperature resistant filling particles 103 on the surface of the soft magnetic alloy part 102 are cleaned.
[0032] Figure 2 The second embodiment is shown, in which the container has no top cover.
[0033] Before annealing, first dry the high temperature resistant filling particles 103 at a high temperature of 800℃-900℃ for 1h-3h to remove the moisture in the high temperature resistant filling particles 103, then clean the soft magnetic alloy parts 102 and the tooling or container 101 with a cleaning agent and dry them, then put a small amount of high temperature resistant filling particles 103 into the bottom of the tooling or container 101, put the soft magnetic alloy parts 102 on the high temperature resistant filling particles 103, and continue to fill the high temperature resistant filling particles 103 between the soft magnetic alloy parts 102 and the tooling or container 101 until the high temperature resistant filling particles 103 completely fill the gap between the soft magnetic alloy parts 102 and the tooling or container 101 and gently compact it. Then put the tooling or container 101 containing the soft magnetic alloy parts 102 and the high temperature resistant filling particles 103 into a vacuum furnace for annealing. After annealing, take out the soft magnetic alloy parts 102, and clean the high temperature resistant filling particles 103 on the surface of the soft magnetic alloy parts 102.
[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the process of placing multiple parts in a container without a cover for Example 3.
[0035] Before annealing, first dry the high temperature resistant particles 103 at a high temperature of 800℃-900℃ for 1h-3h to remove the moisture in the high temperature resistant particles 103, then wash the soft magnetic alloy parts 102 and the tooling or container 101 with a cleaning agent and dry them, then put a small amount of high temperature resistant particles 103 into the bottom of the container 101, and evenly scatter multiple soft magnetic alloy parts 102 on the high temperature resistant particles 103, and leave a certain gap between them, and continue to fill the high temperature resistant particles 103 between the soft magnetic alloy parts 102 and the container 101 until the high temperature resistant particles 103 completely fill the gap between the soft magnetic alloy parts 102 and the container 101 and gently compact it. Then put the container 101 containing the soft magnetic alloy parts 102 and the high temperature resistant particles 103 into a vacuum furnace for annealing. After annealing, take out the soft magnetic alloy parts 102, and clean the high temperature resistant particles 103 on the surface of the soft magnetic alloy parts 102.
[0036] Figure 4 This is embodiment 4, which is a schematic diagram of the process of a multi-part container with a cover.
[0037] Before annealing, the high temperature resistant particles 103 are first dried at a high temperature of 800-900°C for 1h-3h to remove the moisture in the high temperature resistant particles 103, and then the soft magnetic alloy parts 102 and the container 101 are cleaned with a cleaning agent and dried, and then a small amount of high temperature resistant particles 103 are loaded into the bottom of the container 101, and multiple soft magnetic alloy parts 102 are evenly scattered on the high temperature resistant particles 103, and a certain gap should be left between them, and the high temperature resistant particles 103 are continued to be filled between the soft magnetic alloy parts 102 and the container 101 until the high temperature resistant particles 103 completely fill the gap between the soft magnetic alloy parts 102 and the container 101 and lightly compact, and finally the container top cover 104 is covered on the container 101. Then the container 101 filled with soft magnetic alloy parts 102 and high temperature resistant particles 103 and covered with the top cover 104 is loaded into a vacuum furnace for annealing. After annealing, the soft magnetic alloy part 102 is taken out, and the high temperature resistant particles 103 on the surface of the soft magnetic alloy part 102 are cleaned.
[0038] The technical solution of the present invention does not require huge costs to increase the vacuum degree of vacuum equipment. It can solve the oxidation problem in the annealing process of soft magnetic alloys by cooperating with containers and high-temperature resistant filling particles. It improves the adaptability of ordinary vacuum annealing furnaces to soft magnetic alloy annealing, reduces the requirements of soft magnetic alloy annealing on vacuum equipment, and also effectively reduces equipment investment and subsequent maintenance costs. The filling particles between the container and the parts solve the tooling adaptability problem of parts with different shapes and aspect ratios. After combined adjustment, it can adapt to parts with different shapes, and the combined adjustment method is flexible. It can process one part at a time or multiple parts. The parts placed in the multi-part tooling do not need to be the same part, as long as the process parameters are the same. And more than one container can be placed in the same furnace, and multiple containers of different combinations can be placed in the annealing furnace at the same time.
[0039] The technical solution of the present invention is also applicable to the annealing process and equipment filled with inert gas, which can greatly reduce the possibility of oxidation of parts without changing the existing equipment. The soft magnetic alloy parts are annealed by the technical solution, and the surface of the parts completely maintains the original metallic luster without any trace of slight oxidation.
Claims
1. Tooling for vacuum annealing of soft magnetic alloys, characterized by: It includes a container for holding parts and filling particles. The container can be placed in the annealing equipment. The parts to be annealed are placed in the container. The filling particles fill the gap between the parts and the container. The filling particles completely cover the surface of the parts. The filling material is made of a material that is resistant to high temperature and has strong chemical stability. The particle size of the filling particles is not greater than 0.15 cm.
2. The tooling for vacuum annealing of soft magnetic alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filling particles are resistant to high temperatures above 850°C.
3. The tooling for vacuum annealing of soft magnetic alloys according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filling particles are made of Al2O3, MgO or SiC.
4. A process method using the tooling for vacuum annealing of soft magnetic alloys as claimed in claim 1, comprising the following steps: (1) Drying the filling particles; (2) Clean the parts and containers to be processed; (3) Spreading filling particles on the bottom of the container; (4) Placing the parts to be processed in the container; (5) Fill and compact the gap between the container and the part to be processed with filling particles, so that the filling particles safely cover all surfaces of the part to be processed; (6) placing the container containing the parts and the filling particles into an annealing furnace for annealing; (7) Take out the container and clean the filling particles on the parts.
5. The soft magnetic alloy vacuum annealing process according to claim 4, characterized in that: The annealing furnace is evacuated or filled with inert gas.
6. The soft magnetic alloy vacuum annealing process according to claim 4, characterized in that: The container has a lid.
7. The soft magnetic alloy vacuum annealing process according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drying temperature in step (1) is 800°C-900°C.
8. The soft magnetic alloy vacuum annealing process according to claim 4, characterized in that: At least one part can be accommodated in the container.