Wide-working-condition dynamic seal test device

Abstract

The invention discloses a wide-working-condition dynamic sealing test device which comprises a rack, a motor, a coupler II, a dynamic torque sensor and a coupler I are sequentially arranged on the rack from right to left, one end of a rotating shaft is connected with the coupler I, and a sealing assembly is installed at the other end of the rotating shaft after the rotating shaft passes through an angular contact ball bearing seat set. The sealing assembly is connected with the left end face of the cavity, a blind plate is arranged on the right end face of the cavity, the blind plate is connected with an angular contact ball bearing seat set on the rotating shaft through a long screw set, and a two-way valve is arranged on the blind plate and used for being in butt joint with a pump body. The device is compact in design, small in size, portable, high in reliability and stability, stable operation and long service life of the experimental device are guaranteed through elaborate design and optimization, the device can be suitable for axial dynamic sealing and end face dynamic sealing (mechanical sealing) at the same time, other equipment does not need to be replaced when different types of sealing elements are tested, and the testing efficiency is improved. And the method is suitable for multi-type sealing tests.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of sealing tests, and in particular relates to a wide-operating-condition dynamic sealing test device. Background Art

[0002] In the modern industrial field, the reliability of seals is directly related to the safe operation of equipment, the stability of product quality and the control of the production environment. As a device for testing the performance parameters of sealing products, the sealing test device is particularly important. As researchers continue to deepen their research on seals, the existing sealing test devices can no longer meet the researchers' exploration and testing of seal-related parameters. The existing dynamic sealing test devices have limitations, which are mainly reflected in the following aspects: Fewer functions and incomplete test parameters: Some dynamic seal test devices can only measure a single parameter, such as leakage or torque, and cannot fully reflect the comprehensive performance of the seal. At present, research institutions have test requirements and accuracy requirements for key parameters such as opening force, torque, liquid film thickness and cavitation of mechanical seals. The test results of existing sealing test devices cannot provide sufficient data support for the design and optimization of seals, and also limit the room for improvement of seal performance.

[0003] Narrow scope of application: The leakage of dynamic seals can be divided into axial leakage and end face leakage according to the leakage direction. The corresponding dynamic seals are called axial seals and end face seals (mechanical seals) respectively. The existing sealing test equipment can often only test a certain type of dynamic seal. For example, the test equipment for testing end face seals cannot be directly used for the measurement of axial seals.

[0004] Large equipment size: Traditional dynamic seal test equipment is often large in size, occupies a large area, and is not easy to move. This not only increases the cost of the equipment, but also limits its application in field tests or small-scale laboratories. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to design a wide-operating-condition dynamic seal test device, which can simultaneously measure multiple key parameters of the mechanical seal, such as the opening force, torque, liquid film thickness, liquid film cavitation and leakage, and can measure the leakage and outlet pressure of the axial seal (the pressure reduction effect, by comparing the cavity pressure and the outlet pressure, the pressure reduction capacity of the axial seal can be obtained), and the device achieves miniaturization and reduces cost through unique structural design and force-bearing mode.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A wide-operating-condition dynamic seal test device comprises a frame, characterized in that: the frame is sequentially arranged with a motor, a coupling II, a dynamic torque sensor and a coupling I from right to left, one end of a rotating shaft is connected to the coupling I, a sealing assembly is installed at the other end of the rotating shaft after passing through an angular contact ball bearing seat group, the sealing assembly is connected to the left end face of a cavity, an outlet valve and a pressure gauge are arranged on the cavity, a blind plate is arranged on the right end face of the cavity, the blind plate is connected to the angular contact ball bearing seat group on the rotating shaft through a long screw group, a two-way valve is arranged on the blind plate, and the two-way valve is used for docking a pump body.

[0007] Furthermore, the angular contact ball bearing seat group is composed of at least one round bearing seat and a bottom bearing seat, a rotating shaft runs through the middle of the several round bearing seats and the bottom bearing seats, and the rotating shaft is provided with a shoulder corresponding to each round bearing seat. The several round bearing seats and the bottom bearing seat are positioned by a sleeve, and then connected by a connecting screw, and the two ends of the connecting screw are fixed by nuts.

[0008] Furthermore, the sealing assembly is composed of a compensation seat, an intermediate ring, a stationary ring, a dynamic ring, a small flange, a quartz glass fixing sleeve and an auxiliary fixing sleeve.

[0009] Furthermore, a water collecting cover is installed at the sealing component for protection.

[0010] Furthermore, the cavity is installed with two groups of legs, each group of legs is divided into upper legs and lower legs, the upper legs are connected to the top slider, the lower legs are connected to the bottom slider, the top slider slides on the top guide rail, the bottom slider slides on the bottom guide rail, and the top guide rail and the bottom guide rail are respectively arranged at the top and bottom of the frame.

[0011] Furthermore, a displacement sensor is installed on the cavity to measure the displacement of the middle ring; the resistance strain gauge is located between the middle ring and the compensation ring, and the measuring cup is located below the water collecting cover.

[0012] Furthermore, the sealing assembly is replaced by an axial seal, an outlet pressure gauge is installed at the outlet cavity of the axial seal, a water outlet pipe and a flow meter are provided at the outlet cavity, and an oil seal is provided between the outlet cavity and the rotating shaft.

[0013] The following beneficial effects can be obtained through the above technical solution: The present invention is suitable for multi-operating condition simulation testing: it can simulate the sealing environment under different operating conditions (pressure, rotation speed), realize a comprehensive evaluation of the seal under different working conditions, and provide a more reliable basis for practical application.

[0014] Accurate measurement of opening force and torque: Traditional equipment often finds it difficult to accurately measure the opening force and torque of mechanical seals in dynamic processes at the same time. The present invention achieves real-time and accurate measurement of these two key parameters by integrating high-precision sensors.

[0015] Visual detection of liquid film thickness and cavitation: Liquid film thickness and its cavitation state are important indicators for evaluating sealing performance, but they are difficult to observe directly. The present invention realizes accurate measurement of liquid film thickness and visual detection of cavitation, improving the intuitiveness and accuracy of the test.

[0016] Dynamic adjustment of closing force: The device can adjust the closing force during operation without stopping the machine, and can ensure that only the closing force is changed while other parameters remain unchanged as much as possible.

[0017] The device of the present invention is compact in design, miniaturized, portable, highly reliable and stable. Careful design and optimization ensure stable operation and long service life of the experimental device. It can be applied to axial dynamic seals and end face dynamic seals (mechanical seals) at the same time. When testing different types of seals, there is no need to replace other equipment, and it is suitable for testing multiple types of seals. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the sealing experimental device.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of what is happening behind the hidden water collecting cover.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of an angular contact ball bearing group.

[0021] Figure 4 This is the relationship diagram between the angular contact ball bearing group and the shaft.

[0022] Figure 5 This is the relationship diagram between the cavity and the legs.

[0023] Figure 6 This is the position diagram of the guide rail and slider.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of quartz glass and fixing parts.

[0025] Figure 8 It is a closed-loop force diagram.

[0026] Fig. 9 This is a diagram showing an example of an experimental device for axial sealing.

[0027] Fig.10 It is a front view of the experimental device for axial sealing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: like Figure 1-10As shown, a wide-operating-condition dynamic seal test device comprises a frame 1, wherein the frame is sequentially arranged with a motor 2, a coupling II 3, a dynamic torque sensor 4 and a coupling I 5 from right to left, that is, the motor output shaft sequentially transfers power to the coupling II, the dynamic torque sensor 18 and the coupling I. Since the coupling I is connected to the rotating shaft 16, a speed sensor 6 is installed there, a shaft shoulder 7 is provided at the rotating shaft, and a preload spring 8 is installed there. The rotating shaft sequentially passes through a deep groove ball bearing seat 9 and an angular contact ball bearing seat group from right to left. A sealing assembly is installed on the left side of the rotating shaft, and the sealing assembly is provided by an auxiliary fixing sleeve 1. 7. The quartz glass fixing sleeve 18, the small flange 19, the dynamic ring 20, the static ring 21, the intermediate ring 22 and the compensation seat 23 are composed. The resistance strain gauge is arranged between the intermediate ring and the compensation ring. The left side of the sealing component is the cavity 13. The cavity is provided with an outlet valve 32 and a pressure gauge 31. The left and right ends of the cavity 13 are respectively installed with legs. The upper leg 25 is connected with the top slider 24, and the lower leg 27 is connected with the bottom slider. The top slider slides on the top guide rail 26, and the bottom slider slides on the bottom guide rail 28. The top guide rail and the bottom guide rail are respectively arranged at the top and bottom of the frame ( Figure 1 , 2 , 5 and 6), a blind plate 15 is installed on the left end face of the cavity 13, and a two-way valve 14 is installed on the blind plate 15, and the two-way valve is used to connect the pump body; wherein, the motor 2, the dynamic torque sensor 4, the speed sensor 6 and the deep groove ball bearing seat 9 are located on the frame.

[0029] In the above structure, the structure formed by the deep groove ball bearing seat, preload spring, and shaft shoulder can eliminate the axial clearance of the angular contact ball bearing in the no-load state to improve the assembly accuracy. Among them, the spring is a compression spring, which can generate pressure on both sides. The pressure on the left side acts on the deep groove ball bearing seat through the shaft sleeve, and then is transmitted to the frame by the deep groove ball bearing seat (the deep groove ball bearing seat and the frame are fixed by bolts). The pressure on the right side acts on the rotating shaft through the shaft shoulder. The rotating shaft will always be subjected to the axial force to the right. The axial force to the right then acts on the inner ring of the angular contact ball bearing through the shaft shoulder group. The inner ring has a tendency to move to the right, thereby eliminating the axial clearance of the angular contact ball bearing.

[0030] Among them, the blind plate at the left end of the cavity is connected to the bottom bearing seat 10 through a long screw group 13, and rotating the nut can move the entire cavity to the right (the distance between the cavity and the bottom bearing seat becomes shorter, the small spring on the seal compensation seat is pressed tighter, and the closing force is greater). The long screw passes through the leg at the right end, and a displacement sensor is installed on the cavity near the leg at the right end; the long screw group avoids the problem of material failure caused by excessive force on the frame, and the angular contact ball bearing seat is subjected to a large axial force. The conventional method is to fix the angular contact ball bearing seat on the frame, and the frame bears this force, but because the device is a miniaturized device, the strength of the frame is low and cannot withstand this force. Here, a long screw group is used to transfer the rightward axial force on the angular contact ball bearing to the cavity (this force is originally generated by the high-pressure medium in the cavity, and now the force is transferred back to the cavity to form a closed loop). At the same time, the closing force generated by the compensation seat in the seal acts on the sealing surface at one end and on the cavity at the other end. The conventional method is to fix the cavity and the frame to transfer the closing force to the frame. The existence of the long screw group in the present invention cleverly transfers the closing force only to the sealing end face, once again avoiding the problem of excessive force on the frame. Wherein, a water collecting cover 12 is installed at the sealing component, and a measuring cup is installed at the bottom of the water collecting cover 12.

[0031] Among them, a bearing seat support plate is installed at the round bearing seat group 11.

[0032] Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the angular contact ball bearing seat group includes a plurality of round bearing seats and a bottom bearing seat, an angular contact ball bearing 30 is installed between the round bearing seat and the bottom bearing seat, the round bearing seat, the bottom bearing seat, the detachable shaft shoulder and the rotating shaft are connected in cooperation, and the round bearing seat and the bottom bearing seat are connected by a plurality of connecting screws 29, and the two ends are fixed by nuts. Since the pressure in the cavity is variable, an axial force will act on the shaft at this time. Under this implementation force, when the pressure is 1MPa, the axial force is about 8000N. At this time, multiple angular contact ball bearings are required to jointly bear the axial force, and 4 are used in the embodiment. The present invention proposes a new method of arranging multiple bearings in an axial manner, which can withstand greater axial forces, and the axial force limit is slightly less than the product of the axial force limit of a single bearing and the number of bearings (previously, multiple bearings arranged in an axial manner can only withstand greater radial forces, and the axial force limit cannot be increased), and the number of bearings described in this method can be increased indefinitely, and the number can be set according to the actual force size.

[0033] Among them, the dynamic ring 20 is specifically made of a quartz glass ring ( Figure 7 As shown), the stationary ring adopts a compensation ring.

[0034] When the device is in use, a seal needs to be installed at the cavity, and the pump body pressurizes the cavity to generate different pressures; the motor provides different speeds through the coupling, torque sensor, shaft, etc. The torque sensor detects the current rotational resistance of the seal, the speed sensor detects the actual speed, and the pressure sensor detects the current opening force. The cavitation of the end surface liquid film can be observed at the quartz glass, and the closing force can be adjusted by adjusting the adjusting nut at the left end of the screw. After the device is used, disconnect the two-way valve from the pump body and open the two-way valve to release (flow out) the medium in the cavity.

[0035] Cavity: The function of the cavity is to load the medium used for the tested seal and to install some seals. The seals need to be installed on the cavity and the rotating shaft at the same time, because the dynamic seals are two parts, the rotating part and the stationary part. The rotating part is fixed on the shaft and rotates with the shaft, and the stationary part is fixed on the cavity. Different media can be loaded in the cavity, such as water, engine oil, air, etc.

[0036] External pump body: The pump body transports the medium into the cavity through the pipeline. The pump body is an air pump or a liquid pump. Different pumps are selected according to the actual medium. Guide rails, sliders, cavity holders, long screw groups, adjustment nuts, angular contact ball bearing seats: When testing mechanical seals, there will be a need to adjust the closing force. To adjust the closing force, it is often necessary to stop the machine first, then tighten the spring to change the closing force, and then start again. Stopping the machine first, then tightening the spring, and then starting again will affect the assembly accuracy to a certain extent, and it is impossible to accurately control the variables. Here is a method for adjusting the closing force without stopping the machine: tighten or loosen the nut on the adjusting screw during the operation of the device, and the cavity will move along the guide rail with the cavity holder and slider, and then tighten or loosen the spring of the compensation seat, thereby changing the closing force and liquid film thickness.

[0037] The sealing test device described in the present invention can not only test the end face seal (mechanical seal), but also the axial seal (labyrinth seal, gap seal, centrifugal seal, magnetic fluid seal, etc.). Fig. 9 and 10 shown.

[0038] When testing the axial seal, connecting screws, axial seals, outlet pressure gauge, outlet chamber, water outlet pipe, flow meter are added, and an oil seal is provided between the outlet chamber and the rotating shaft. This embodiment adds the function of measuring outlet pressure and leakage rate, and cancels the function of testing closing force and liquid film thickness (axial seal does not need to measure closing force and liquid film thickness).

[0039] Axial seals include labyrinth seals, spiral seals, gap seals, and centrifugal seals. These seals can be made into a cylindrical shape (stationary part) with a rotating part inside during testing. Like the end face seal, the rotating part is fixed on the shaft and the stationary part is fixed on the cavity. In addition, the axial seal has an inlet and an outlet like a microchannel. The medium will pass through the seal (through the microchannel), and the seal will block the medium to reduce the leakage of the medium. However, in general, the medium will eventually flow out from the outlet, and the flow rate is large; unless it is under high speed, some axial seals can prevent the medium from leaking (spiral seals, centrifugal seals).

[0040] In summary: the above embodiments can be suitable for multi-dimensional, high-precision sealing performance parameter measurements under different working conditions: Multi-condition simulation test: The experimental device of the present invention can simulate the sealing environment under different working conditions (pressure, rotation speed), realize a comprehensive evaluation of the seal under different working conditions, and provide a more reliable basis for practical application.

[0041] Accurate measurement of opening force and torque: Traditional equipment often finds it difficult to accurately measure the opening force and torque of mechanical seals in dynamic processes at the same time. The present invention achieves real-time and accurate measurement of these two key parameters by integrating high-precision sensors.

[0042] Visual detection of liquid film thickness and cavitation: Liquid film thickness and its cavitation state are important indicators for evaluating sealing performance, but they are difficult to observe directly. Accurate measurement of liquid film thickness and visual detection of cavitation improve the intuitiveness and accuracy of the test.

[0043] Dynamic adjustment of closing force: The device can adjust the closing force during operation without stopping the machine, and can ensure that only the closing force is changed while other parameters remain unchanged as much as possible.

[0044] This embodiment is small and portable: Compact design: In order to solve the problem that traditional sealing experimental devices are bulky and inconvenient to carry, the present invention realizes the miniaturization of the equipment through innovative structural design and optimized component layout, making the testing process more flexible and convenient.

[0045] High reliability and stability: Careful design and optimization of the force-bearing mode, material selection and manufacturing process ensure the stable operation and long service life of the experimental device.

[0046] The test bench can be used for both axial dynamic seals and end face dynamic seals (mechanical seals). When testing different types of seals, there is no need to replace other equipment.

[0047] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, various equivalent modifications to the present invention belong to the protection scope of the claims attached to this application.

Claims

1. A wide-operating-condition dynamic seal test device, comprising a frame, characterized in that: The frame is arranged with a motor, a coupling II, a dynamic torque sensor and a coupling I in sequence from right to left. One end of the rotating shaft is connected to the coupling I. After the rotating shaft passes through the angular contact ball bearing seat group, a sealing assembly is installed on the other end of the rotating shaft. The sealing assembly is connected to the left end face of the cavity. The cavity is provided with an outlet valve and a pressure gauge. A blind plate is arranged on the right end face of the cavity. The blind plate is connected to the angular contact ball bearing seat group on the rotating shaft through a long screw group. A two-way valve is arranged on the blind plate, and the two-way valve is used to connect to the pump body.

2. A wide-operating-condition dynamic seal test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angular contact ball bearing seat group is composed of at least one round bearing seat and a bottom bearing seat. A rotating shaft runs through the middle of the round bearing seats and the bottom bearing seats. The rotating shaft is provided with a shoulder corresponding to each round bearing seat. The round bearing seats and the bottom bearing seat are positioned by a sleeve and then connected by a screw. The two ends of the connecting screw are fixed by nuts.

3. A wide-operating-condition dynamic seal test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing assembly consists of a compensation seat, an intermediate ring, a stationary ring, a dynamic ring, a small flange, a quartz glass fixing sleeve and an auxiliary fixing sleeve.

4. A wide-operating-condition dynamic seal test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A water collecting cover is installed on the sealing component for protection.

5. The wide-operating-condition dynamic seal test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cavity is installed with two groups of legs, each group of legs is divided into upper legs and lower legs, the upper legs are connected to the top slider, the lower legs are connected to the bottom slider, the top slider slides on the top guide rail, the bottom slider slides on the bottom guide rail, and the top guide rail and the bottom guide rail are respectively arranged on the top and bottom of the rack.

6. A wide-operating-condition dynamic seal test device according to claim 1, 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that: A displacement sensor is installed on the cavity, a resistance strain gauge is located between the middle ring and the compensation ring, and a measuring cup is located below the water collecting cover.

7. The wide-operating-condition dynamic seal test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing assembly is replaced by an axial seal, an outlet pressure gauge is installed at the outlet cavity of the axial seal, a water outlet pipe and a flow meter are arranged at the outlet cavity, and an oil seal is arranged between the outlet cavity and the rotating shaft.

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