High-precision circuit breaker for fault arc pre-detection

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-precision circuit breaker for fault arc pre-detection, and the circuit breaker comprises a flame-retardant auxiliary housing which is internally and fixedly provided with a filter circuit template; the flame-retardant main shell is matched and covered with the flame-retardant auxiliary shell; the mechanical circuit breaking template is fixedly installed in the flame-retardant main shell, a binding post A and a binding post B are installed on the front faces of the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the mechanical circuit breaking template respectively, the binding post A is connected with a coil assembly installed in a coil groove in the front face of the mechanical circuit breaking template through a first wire, and the binding post B is connected with a second wire through a third wire. And the binding post B is connected with a metal sheet fixed on the front surface of the mechanical circuit breaking template. The device has the function of detecting various types of arc discharge (including parallel arc, series arc and ground arc) in a power grid environment, and once fault current is detected, the tripping module carries out arc circuit breaking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention specifically relates to the technical field of circuit breakers, and in particular to a high-precision circuit breaker for fault arc pre-detection. Background Art

[0002] The causes of electrical fires are very complex. Among electrical fires, 70% of fires are caused by short circuits, overloads, poor contact and other line reasons. In general, line reasons can be roughly divided into the following two categories based on the causes:

[0003] a. Electrical fires caused by abnormal current: such as short circuit or overload, where the current in the circuit increases sharply in a short period of time, resulting in a large amount of heat, damaging the insulation layer, igniting surrounding flammable materials, and causing fires;

[0004] b. Electrical fire caused by fault arc: Fault arc is a gas ionization phenomenon caused by electrical breakdown. The gas breakdown generates a large amount of heat, which leads to fire. Poor contact between wires, wear of wire insulation, etc. may all lead to electrical fires.

[0005] In the above situation, it is relatively easy to detect current surges, and various fuse-type circuit breaker detectors and air switches have been developed to prevent casualties and fires; however, the current characteristics have inherent characteristics such as diversity and randomness, which makes them difficult to detect and prevent.

[0006] Fault currents are generally divided into three types according to their relative locations: series fault current, parallel fault current, and ground fault current. As the name implies, series fault current refers to the location where the fault occurs and the load are in series; parallel fault current refers to the location where the fault occurs and the load are in parallel; and ground fault current refers to the location where one end of the fault occurs is grounded.

[0007] Among them, when parallel fault current and ground fault current occur, the branch can be regarded as a short circuit, and the current on the branch will surge, just like when the wire is short-circuited. A general air switch can play a protective role, but when a series fault arc occurs, which is most likely to occur in the actual power supply system, the branch often presents a "false open circuit" state, that is, the electrical appliances in the branch can work normally, and the branch current amplitude will not produce a huge difference. It is difficult for a general air switch to detect current changes and play no protective role, so it is more important and difficult to detect. Summary of the invention

[0008] To this end, the present invention proposes a high-precision circuit breaker suitable for fault arc pre-detection to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-precision circuit breaker for fault arc pre-detection, comprising:

[0010] A flame-retardant sub-shell, in which a filter circuit template is fixedly installed;

[0011] A flame retardant main shell, which fits and covers the flame retardant secondary shell;

[0012] A mechanical circuit breaker template, which is fixedly installed in the flame-retardant main shell, and the front surfaces of the upper and lower ends of the mechanical circuit breaker template are respectively installed with a terminal A and a terminal B, wherein the terminal A is connected to the coil group installed in the coil slot on the front surface of the mechanical circuit breaker template by a wire 1, and the terminal B is connected to a metal sheet fixed on the front surface of the mechanical circuit breaker template;

[0013] An arc extinguishing mechanism, which is fixedly mounted on the front side of the mechanical circuit breaker template, and the arc extinguishing mechanism is arranged on the left side of the coil group and above the metal sheet;

[0014] And a trip module; it is installed on the mechanical circuit breaker template, and the trip module can control the opening and closing states between the coil group and the metal sheet through the second wire.

[0015] Further, preferably, the trip module consists of an active driving mechanism, a driven driving mechanism and a pressure-contact mechanism, wherein the active driving mechanism is installed on the back side of the mechanical circuit breaker template, and the active driving mechanism can drive the pressure-contact mechanism to crimp or separate the metal sheet through the driven driving mechanism.

[0016] Further, as a preference, the active drive mechanism comprises

[0017] A rotating pin 1 is rotatably mounted on the back of the mechanical circuit breaker template, and a small gear 1 and a large gear 3 are fixedly mounted on the side wall of the rotating pin 1;

[0018] A second rotating pin is rotatably mounted on the back of the mechanical circuit breaker template and is located on the right side of the first rotating pin. A second small gear and a first large gear are fixedly mounted on the side wall of the first rotating pin, wherein the first large gear meshes with the first small gear for transmission;

[0019] A rotating pin 3 is rotatably mounted on the back of the mechanical circuit breaker template and is located on the right side of the rotating pin 2. A small gear 3 and a large gear 2 are fixedly mounted on the side wall of the rotating pin 3, wherein the large gear 2 is meshed with the small gear 2 for transmission;

[0020] And a servo motor is fixed on the back of the mechanical circuit breaker template, the driving end of the servo motor is fixedly installed with a spiral tooth column, and the spiral tooth column and the large gear are three-meshing transmission.

[0021] Further, as a preference, the driven drive mechanism comprises

[0022] A rotating drum, which is matched and inserted into the mounting hole of the mechanical circuit breaker template, and the rotating drum can rotate relative to the mechanical circuit breaker template;

[0023] A dial key, which is movably disposed in a dial opening of the flame-retardant main shell, and the dial key is fixedly connected to the rotating drum;

[0024] And a sector gear, which is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the drum located behind the mechanical circuit breaker template, and the sector gear is meshed with the large gear for transmission.

[0025] Further, preferably, a torsion spring is built into the portion of the rotating drum in front of the mechanical circuit breaker template, one end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating drum, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flame-retardant main shell.

[0026] Further, as a preference, the pressure contact mechanism comprises

[0027] A triggering member having a pressing part, a receiving part and a driving part, wherein the receiving part adopts a rotating pin and can be rotated to be installed on the front side of the mechanical circuit breaker template, and the receiving part is connected to the coil group through a second wire;

[0028] A rotating column, which is rotatably mounted on the mechanical circuit breaker template, and a driven sector gear and a hanging ear are fixedly mounted on the side wall of the rotating column;

[0029] A connecting rod, one end of which is hinged to the end of the hanging ear, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the driving part;

[0030] And an active sector gear, which is fixedly mounted on the rotating drum, and the active sector gear is meshed with the driven sector gear for transmission, so that the rotating drum drives the lug on the rotating column to press down or pull up the pressure contact part of the trigger member through the connecting rod, thereby controlling the opening and closing state of the trigger member and the metal sheet.

[0031] Further, preferably, the connecting rod is a telescopic rod, and pressure rings are fixed on both the left and right ends of the telescopic rod. A spring is connected between the two pressure rings, and the spring is wound around the side wall of the telescopic rod.

[0032] Further, as a preference, the filter circuit template is provided with a voltage adopting module, a current sampling module, a waveform generating module, a signal processing module, a power supply module and a control module, wherein the current sampling module and the waveform generating module both perform real-time current sampling on the introduced current and the derived current, and transmit the sampled data to the signal processing module;

[0033] The voltage sampling module samples the introduced voltage in real time and transmits the sampled data to the signal processing module. If the signal processing module detects that the data is higher or lower than the set threshold, the control module drives the tripping module to perform arc breaking action;

[0034] The voltage adopting module, current sampling module, waveform generating module, signal processing module, tripping module and control module are all powered by a power supply module.

[0035] The present invention adopts the above technology and has the following beneficial effects compared with the existing technology: the device of the present invention has the function of detecting various types of arc discharges (including parallel arcs, series arcs and ground arcs) in the power grid environment. Once a fault current is detected, the trip module will perform arc circuit breaking. Specifically, the servo motor drives the rotating drum to rotate clockwise through the gear set, and the active sector gear on the rotating drum is meshed with the driven sector gear on the rotating column to make the rotating column rotate counterclockwise, and then the trigger part is pressed down through the connecting rod, so that the pressure contact part on the trigger part is separated from the metal sheet, thereby realizing automatic arc circuit breaking. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a high-precision circuit breaker for arc fault pre-detection;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a front structural schematic diagram of a mechanical circuit breaker template in a high-precision circuit breaker for fault arc pre-detection;

[0038] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of part A;

[0039] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a triggering component in a high-precision circuit breaker for arc fault pre-detection;

[0040] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the back structure of a mechanical circuit breaker template in a high-precision circuit breaker for fault arc pre-detection;

[0041] Figure 6 A system schematic diagram of a high-precision circuit breaker for arc fault pre-detection.

[0042] In the figure: 1. flame retardant sub-shell; 2. dial key; 3. flame retardant main shell; 4. terminal A; 5. rotating drum; 6. torsion spring; 7. rotating column; 8. hanging ear; 9. terminal B; 10. coil group; 11. arc extinguishing mechanism; 12. spring; 13. pressure ring; 14. connecting rod; 15. metal sheet; 16. trigger member; 161. pressure contact part; 162. receiving part; 163. driving part; 17. mechanical circuit breaker template; 18. spiral tooth column; 19. small gear one; 20. large gear one; 21. large gear two; 22. sector gear; 23. large gear three; 24. servo motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Example: Please refer to the attached Figure 1-6 The present invention provides a technical solution: a high-precision circuit breaker for fault arc pre-detection, comprising:

[0045] A flame retardant sub-shell 1, in which a filter circuit template is fixedly installed;

[0046] A flame retardant main shell 3, which fits and covers the flame retardant secondary shell 1;

[0047] The mechanical circuit breaker template 17 is fixedly installed in the flame retardant main shell 3, and the front surfaces of the upper and lower ends of the mechanical circuit breaker template 17 are respectively installed with a terminal A4 and a terminal B9, wherein the terminal A4 is connected to the coil group 10 installed in the coil slot on the front surface of the mechanical circuit breaker template 17 by a wire 1, and the terminal B9 is connected to the metal sheet 15 fixed on the front surface of the mechanical circuit breaker template 17;

[0048] The arc extinguishing mechanism 11 is fixedly mounted on the front of the mechanical circuit breaker template 17, and the arc extinguishing mechanism 11 is arranged on the left side of the coil assembly 10 and above the metal sheet 15;

[0049] and a trip module; which is mounted on the mechanical circuit breaker template 17, and the trip module can control the opening and closing states between the coil group 10 and the metal sheet 15 through the second wire, that is, to perform arc circuit breaking.

[0050] In this embodiment, the trip module is composed of an active driving mechanism, a driven driving mechanism and a pressure contact mechanism, wherein the active driving mechanism is installed on the back of the mechanical circuit breaker template 17, and the active driving mechanism can drive the pressure contact mechanism to crimp or separate the metal sheet 15 through the driven driving mechanism.

[0051] In this embodiment, the active driving mechanism includes

[0052] A rotating pin 1, which is rotatably mounted on the back of the mechanical circuit breaker template 17, and a small gear 19 and a large gear 3 23 are fixedly mounted on the side wall of the rotating pin 1;

[0053] The second rotating pin is rotatably mounted on the back of the mechanical circuit breaker template 17 and is located on the right side of the first rotating pin. A second pinion and a large gear 20 are fixedly mounted on the side wall of the first rotating pin, wherein the large gear 20 is meshed with the first pinion 19 for transmission;

[0054] The rotating pin 3 is rotatably mounted on the back of the mechanical circuit breaker template 17 and is located on the right side of the rotating pin 2. The small gear 3 and the large gear 2 21 are fixedly mounted on the side wall of the rotating pin 3, wherein the large gear 2 21 meshes with the small gear 2 for transmission;

[0055] And a servo motor 24 is fixed on the back of the mechanical circuit breaker template 17, and a spiral tooth column 18 is fixedly installed on the driving end of the servo motor 24, and the spiral tooth column 18 is meshed with the large gear three 23 for transmission.

[0056] In this embodiment, the driven driving mechanism includes

[0057] The rotating drum 5 is matched and inserted into the mounting hole of the mechanical circuit breaker template 17, and the rotating drum 5 can rotate relative to the mechanical circuit breaker template 17;

[0058] A dial key 23, which is movably disposed in a dial opening of the flame-retardant main shell 3, and the dial key 23 is fixedly connected to the rotating drum 5;

[0059] And the sector gear 22 is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the part of the rotating drum 5 located behind the mechanical circuit breaker template 17, and the sector gear 22 is meshed with the large gear 21 for transmission.

[0060] In this embodiment, a torsion spring 6 is built into the part of the rotating drum 5 located in front of the mechanical circuit breaker template 17, one end of the torsion spring 6 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating drum 5, and the other end of the torsion spring 6 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flame-retardant main shell 3;

[0061] Specifically, the torsion spring 6 can drive the rotating drum 5 to rotate counterclockwise until the dial key 2 hits the top of the dial port, so that the current is in a normally open state.

[0062] In this embodiment, the pressure contact mechanism includes

[0063] The trigger member 16 has a pressing part 161, a receiving part 162 and a driving part 163, wherein the receiving part 162 adopts a rotating pin to be rotated and installed on the front side of the mechanical circuit breaker template 17, and the receiving part 162 is connected to the coil group 10 through a second wire;

[0064] A rotating column 7 is rotatably mounted on the mechanical circuit breaker template 17, and a driven sector gear and a hanging ear 8 are fixedly mounted on the side wall of the rotating column 7;

[0065] A connecting rod 14, one end of which is hinged to the end of the hanging ear 8, and the other end of the connecting rod 14 is hinged to the driving part 163;

[0066] and an active sector gear, which is fixedly mounted on the rotating drum 5, and the active sector gear meshes with the driven sector gear for transmission, so that the rotating drum 5 drives the lug 8 on the rotating column 7 to press down or pull up the pressing contact portion 161 of the trigger member 16 through the connecting rod 14, thereby controlling the opening and closing state of the trigger member 16 and the metal sheet;

[0067] Specifically, when the trip module performs an arc circuit breaking action, the servo motor 24 drives the rotating drum to rotate clockwise through the gear set, and the active sector gear on the rotating drum meshes with the driven sector gear on the rotating column to cause the rotating column to rotate counterclockwise, and then the trigger member 16 is pressed downward through the connecting rod, so that the pressure contact part 161 on the trigger member 16 is separated from the metal sheet, thereby realizing automatic arc circuit breaking.

[0068] In this embodiment, the connecting rod 14 is a telescopic rod, and pressure rings 13 are fixed to the left and right ends of the telescopic rod. A spring 12 is connected between the two pressure rings 13, and the spring 12 is wound around the side wall of the telescopic rod.

[0069] In this embodiment, the filter circuit template is provided with a voltage adopting module, a current sampling module, a waveform generating module, a signal processing module, a power supply module and a control module, wherein the current sampling module and the waveform generating module both perform real-time current sampling on the introduced current and the derived current, and transmit the sampled data to the signal processing module;

[0070] The voltage sampling module samples the introduced voltage in real time and transmits the sampled data to the signal processing module. If the signal processing module detects that the data is higher or lower than the set threshold, the control module drives the tripping module to perform arc breaking action;

[0071] The voltage adopting module, the current sampling module, the waveform generating module, the signal processing module, the tripping module and the control module are all powered by the power supply module.

[0072] It can be seen from the arc characteristics that the AC arc is not obvious during the arc generation process. Combined with the characteristics of random high-speed changes in current when the arc is generated, the high-frequency signal in the current spectrum will inevitably increase. The data of the three adjacent cycles are still collected in the time domain. Therefore, the arc can be identified by calculating the amplitude change of the corresponding frequency point in a specific frequency band through the three-cycle method. The specific steps are as follows:

[0073] S1: Collect adjacent cycle data T1, T2, T3;

[0074] S2: Filter out some extreme values ​​to reduce interference;

[0075] S3: Select fast-read FFT transformation and take the absolute value, i=0;

[0076] S4: Calculate the spectrum characteristics. The formula is:

[0077] TCP(i)=abs(T1(i)-T2(i))+abs(T3(i)-T2(i))-abs(T3(i)-T1(i));

[0078] S5: If TCP(i)>the set threshold, the detection is terminated immediately; if TCP(i)<the set threshold, the above step S4 is repeated;

[0079] Among them, the current flag bit arc=1.

[0080] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-precision circuit breaker for arc fault pre-detection, characterized in that: It includes: A flame retardant sub-shell (1) in which a filter circuit template is fixedly installed; A flame retardant main shell (3), which fits and covers the flame retardant secondary shell (1); A mechanical disconnecting template (17) is fixedly installed in the flame-retardant main shell (3), and a terminal A (4) and a terminal B (9) are respectively installed on the front of the upper and lower ends of the mechanical disconnecting template (17), wherein the terminal A (4) is connected to a coil group (10) installed in a coil slot on the front of the mechanical disconnecting template (17) by a wire, and the terminal B (9) is connected to a metal sheet (15) fixed on the front of the mechanical disconnecting template (17); An arc extinguishing mechanism (11) is fixedly mounted on the front side of the mechanical circuit breaker template (17), and the arc extinguishing mechanism (11) is arranged on the left side of the coil group (10) and is located above the metal sheet (15); and a trip module; It is installed on the mechanical circuit breaker template (17), and the trip module can control the opening and closing states between the coil group (10) and the metal sheet (15) through the second wire.

2. A high-precision circuit breaker for arc fault pre-detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trip module is composed of an active drive mechanism, a driven drive mechanism and a pressure contact mechanism, wherein the active drive mechanism is installed on the back of the mechanical circuit breaker template (17), and the active drive mechanism can drive the pressure contact mechanism to press or separate the metal sheet (15) through the driven drive mechanism.

3. A high-precision circuit breaker for arc fault pre-detection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The active driving mechanism comprises A rotating pin 1, which is rotatably mounted on the back of the mechanical circuit breaker template (17), and a small gear 1 (19) and a large gear 3 (23) are fixedly mounted on the side wall of the rotating pin 1; A second rotating pin is rotatably mounted on the back of the mechanical circuit breaker template (17) and is located on the right side of the first rotating pin. A second small gear and a first large gear (20) are fixedly mounted on the side wall of the first rotating pin, wherein the first large gear (20) meshes with the first small gear (19) for transmission; A rotating pin three is rotatably mounted on the back of the mechanical circuit breaker template (17) and is located on the right side of the rotating pin two. A small gear three and a large gear two (21) are fixedly mounted on the side wall of the rotating pin three, wherein the large gear two (21) meshes with the small gear two for transmission; and a servo motor (24) fixed on the back of the mechanical circuit breaker template (17); a spiral toothed column (18) is fixedly mounted on the driving end of the servo motor (24); and the spiral toothed column (18) is meshed with the large gear three (23) for transmission.

4. A high-precision circuit breaker for arc fault pre-detection according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driven driving mechanism comprises A rotating drum (5) which is matched and inserted into the mounting hole of the mechanical circuit breaker template (17), and the rotating drum (5) can rotate relative to the mechanical circuit breaker template (17); A dial key (23) which is movably disposed in a dial opening of the flame-retardant main shell (3), and the dial key (23) is fixedly connected to the rotating drum (5); and a sector gear (22) fixedly mounted on the side wall of the rotating drum (5) located behind the mechanical circuit breaker template (17), wherein the sector gear (22) is meshed with the second large gear (21) for transmission.

5. A high-precision circuit breaker for fault arc pre-detection according to claim 4, characterized in that: A torsion spring (6) is built into the portion of the rotating cylinder (5) located in front of the mechanical circuit breaker template (17), one end of the torsion spring (6) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating cylinder (5), and the other end of the torsion spring (6) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flame-retardant main shell (3).

6. A high-precision circuit breaker for arc fault pre-detection according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure contact mechanism comprises A trigger member (16) having a pressing portion (161), a receiving portion (162) and a driving portion (163), wherein the receiving portion (162) can be rotated to be installed on the front side of the mechanical circuit breaker template (17) by using a rotating pin, and the receiving portion (162) is connected to the coil group (10) through a second wire; A rotating column (7) is rotatably mounted on the mechanical circuit breaker template (17), and a driven sector gear and a hanging ear (8) are fixedly mounted on the side wall of the rotating column (7); A connecting rod (14), one end of which is hinged to the end of the hanging ear (8), and the other end of the connecting rod (14) is hinged to the driving part (163); and an active sector gear which is fixedly mounted on the rotating drum (5), and the active sector gear meshes with the driven sector gear for transmission, so that the rotating drum (5) drives the hanging ear (8) on the rotating column (7) to press down or pull up the pressing contact part (161) of the trigger member (16) through the connecting rod member (14), thereby controlling the opening and closing state of the trigger member (16) and the metal sheet.

7. A high-precision circuit breaker for arc fault pre-detection according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting rod (14) is a telescopic rod, and pressure rings (13) are fixed on the left and right ends of the telescopic rod. A spring (12) is connected between the two pressure rings (13), and the spring (12) is wound on the side wall of the telescopic rod.

8. The high-precision circuit breaker for arc fault pre-detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter circuit template is provided with a voltage adopting module, a current sampling module, a waveform generating module, a signal processing module, a power supply module and a control module, wherein the current sampling module and the waveform generating module both perform real-time current sampling on the introduced current and the derived current, and transmit the sampled data to the signal processing module; The voltage sampling module samples the introduced voltage in real time and transmits the sampled data to the signal processing module. If the signal processing module detects that the data is higher or lower than the set threshold, the control module drives the tripping module to perform arc breaking action; The voltage adopting module, current sampling module, waveform generating module, signal processing module, tripping module and control module are all powered by a power supply module.

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