Antenna unit, antenna device, and communication base station

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna unit, an antenna device and a communication base station, belongs to the technical field of communication, and aims to improve conformity between an antenna and an outer cover shell, the antenna unit is used for being arranged in a cylindrical shell, and at least one side wall of the cylindrical shell is arc-shaped; the antenna unit comprises a coaxial line conductor, a feed structure and two radiation substrates. Wherein the coaxial conductor comprises an inner conductor and an outer conductor sleeved outside the inner conductor, the inner conductor is connected with one end of the feed structure, the other end of the feed structure is coupled with one of the two radiation substrates, and the other end of the feed structure is coupled with the other radiation substrate. The other one of the two radiation substrates is connected with the outer conductor; wherein the antenna unit is provided with at least one bending part, so that the antenna unit and the cylindrical shell are conformal through the bending part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna unit, an antenna device and a communication base station. Background Art

[0002] In the field of mobile communications, antennas are generally used to send and receive signals. With the development of communication technology, broadband and miniaturization are the basic principles of antenna design. Among them, for antennas used in mobile communications, the antenna is generally required to be conformal to the installation environment. Conformal means that the shape and size of the antenna need to be compatible with the installation environment. Therefore, when designing such antennas, it is necessary to consider whether the antenna can maintain the expected antenna performance when it is conformal to the installation environment. Summary of the invention

[0003] Based on the content of the background technology, the present disclosure proposes an antenna unit, an antenna device and a communication base station.

[0004] In a first aspect of the present disclosure, an antenna unit is provided, the antenna unit being used to be placed in a cylindrical housing, at least one side wall of the cylindrical housing being arc-shaped; the antenna unit comprises: a coaxial line conductor, a feeding structure and two radiation substrates;

[0005] The coaxial line conductor includes an inner conductor and an outer conductor sleeved outside the inner conductor, the inner conductor is connected to one end of the feeding structure, the other end of the feeding structure is coupled to one of the two radiating substrates, and the other of the two radiating substrates is connected to the outer conductor;

[0006] Wherein, the antenna unit has at least one bending portion so as to be conformal with the cylindrical shell through the first bending portion.

[0007] In an optional example, the radiation substrate has a first bending portion at an edge close to the arc-shaped side wall, and an angle is formed between the first bending portion and the plane of the radiation substrate, and the angle is adapted to the curvature of the arc.

[0008] In an optional example, the angle is an obtuse angle.

[0009] In an optional example, the coaxial line conductor is perpendicular to the plane of the radiation substrate, and a size of an orthographic projection of the first bending portion on the first plane is smaller than a size of an orthographic projection of the radiation substrate on the first plane;

[0010] The first plane is a plane perpendicular to the coaxial conductor.

[0011] In an optional example, the feeding structure includes a first feeding line and a plurality of second feeding lines;

[0012] One end of the first feeder is connected to the inner conductor, and the other end is respectively connected to a plurality of the second feeders;

[0013] Wherein, a plurality of second feeding lines are coupled to the radiation substrate to which the feeding structure is coupled, and the plurality of second feeding lines extend in different directions along which the radiation substrate is respectively extended.

[0014] In an optional example, an angle between every two of the second feed lines is less than or equal to 90 degrees.

[0015] In an optional example, the plurality of second feeding lines include feeding lines respectively extending along two adjacent sides of the radiation substrate.

[0016] In an optional example, the plurality of second feeders include two third feeders whose extension directions are perpendicular to each other, and a fourth feeder located between the two third feeders;

[0017] The line width of the fourth feeder line is greater than the line width of the third feeder line; and / or the length of the fourth feeder line is greater than the length of the third feeder line.

[0018] In an optional example, the radiation substrate includes a hollow area and a solid material area surrounding the hollow area;

[0019] Wherein, the feeding structure is coupled with the solid material area.

[0020] In an optional example, the shape of the hollow area includes at least one of a polygon, a circle, a sector, an ellipse and an irregular shape.

[0021] In an optional example, the solid material area includes a plurality of path areas that are interconnected, and the path areas form a current path through which current passes;

[0022] The plurality of path areas at least include a target path area extending into the hollow area.

[0023] In an optional example, the target path area includes a first branch area, and a second branch area conductively connected to the first branch area;

[0024] Wherein, the size of the second branch region in the target direction is greater than the size of the first branch region in the target direction, and the target direction is a direction perpendicular to the direction of the current flowing through the target path region;

[0025] The first branch region is located between the feeding structure and the second branch region.

[0026] In an optional example, one end of the second branch region away from the feeding structure has a notch.

[0027] In an optional example, the feeding structure includes a feeding line coupled to a partial area of ​​the target path area away from the hollow area.

[0028] In an optional example, a reflector is further included, wherein the reflector is connected to an end of the coaxial line conductor away from the radiation substrate;

[0029] Wherein, the reflective plate has a second bending portion at an edge close to the arc-shaped side wall, the first bending portion faces the second bending portion, and the second bending portion faces the first bending portion;

[0030] The orthographic projection of the second bending portion on the second plane does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the first bending portion on the second plane, and the second plane is a plane parallel to the coaxial line conductor.

[0031] In an optional example, the orthographic projection of the reflective plate on the first plane covers the orthographic projection of the radiation substrate on the first plane; the first plane is perpendicular to the second plane;

[0032] A first orthographic projection of the first bending portion on the first plane is located on a side of a second orthographic projection of the second bending portion on the first plane close to the radiation substrate;

[0033] The first orthographic projection and the second orthographic projection have no overlap or partially overlap.

[0034] In an optional example, the antenna unit further includes a resonant structure corresponding to the dipole, and the resonant structure is used to increase the resonant point of the antenna unit; wherein:

[0035] The resonant structure is arranged on a side away from the feeding structure, and the orthographic projection of the resonant structure on a first plane overlaps with the orthographic projection of the radiation substrate on the first plane; wherein the first plane is parallel to the radiation surface of the radiation substrate.

[0036] In an optional example, in the case of comprising two orthogonal dipoles, the resonant structure comprises a ring;

[0037] Alternatively, the resonant structure includes a plurality of spaced arcs, different arcs correspond to different radiation substrates, and the plurality of arcs correspond to the same center point.

[0038] The present disclosure also provides an antenna device, comprising a cylindrical housing, and the plurality of antenna units, wherein the plurality of antenna units are arranged in the cylindrical housing at intervals; and further comprising:

[0039] A feeding network is connected to the coaxial conductor of each antenna unit to feed an electrical signal to the coaxial conductor and feed the electrical signal to a feeding structure via the coaxial conductor.

[0040] The present disclosure also provides a communication base station, comprising: the antenna unit or the antenna device.

[0041] The antenna unit provided by the present disclosure can be used to be placed in a cylindrical shell, wherein at least one side wall of the cylindrical shell is arc-shaped; specifically, the antenna unit includes: a coaxial line conductor, a feeding structure and two radiating substrates; wherein the coaxial line conductor includes an inner conductor and an outer conductor sleeved outside the inner conductor, one end of the feeding structure is connected to the inner conductor, and the other end is coupled to one of the two radiating substrates, and the other of the two radiating substrates is connected to the outer conductor, wherein the antenna unit has at least one bending portion to conform to the cylindrical shell through the bending portion. Since the antenna unit is provided with at least one bending portion to conform to the cylindrical shell, the antenna unit is adapted to the arc of the cylindrical shell through the bending portion, and thus, the antenna unit does not interfere with the cylindrical shell by bending, so that the antenna unit and the cylindrical shell achieve good conformity, so that the entire antenna conforms to the installation environment while still maintaining the expected antenna performance, and the antenna radiation pattern gain, wave width and other performance indicators can be adjusted by designing the first bending portion.

[0042] In addition, since the antenna unit has at least one bending portion, the antenna can be miniaturized while maintaining the expected antenna performance, thereby matching a smaller cylindrical shell and reducing the space occupied by the installation environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some implementation methods of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor.

[0044] Figure 1 Schematic diagrams showing the cross-sectional shapes of several cylindrical shells in the embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0045] Figure 2 A schematic top view of an antenna unit in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0046] Figure 3 A three-dimensional perspective view of an antenna unit in an embodiment of the present disclosure when located in a cylindrical housing is shown;

[0047] Figure 4 A schematic top view of four radiation substrates of the antenna unit in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0048] Figure 5 A side plan view schematic diagram of yet another antenna unit in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0049] Figure 6a A schematic top view of the antenna unit when the resonant structure in the embodiment of the present disclosure is a circular ring is shown;

[0050] Figure 6b A schematic top view of an antenna unit when the resonant structure is an arc in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0051] Figure 7 A schematic top view of another antenna unit in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0052] Figure 8 A schematic top view of another antenna unit in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0053] Figure 9a A schematic top view of an antenna substrate in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0054] Figure 9b A schematic top view of another antenna substrate in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0055] Fig.10 A schematic top view of another antenna substrate in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0056] Fig.11 shows a Smith original drawing of an exemplary antenna unit in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0057] Fig.12 A waveform diagram of an S parameter of an electric wire unit in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0058] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the antenna device in the axial direction of the cylindrical housing in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0059] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of a feeding network in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0060] Fig.15 The S parameter diagram when eight antenna units are arrayed in a cylindrical housing in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0061] Fig.16 The directional diagram when eight antenna units are arrayed in a cylindrical housing in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0062] Description of reference numerals:

[0063] 100, cylindrical shell; 200, antenna unit; 300, reflector; 400, resonant structure; 500, feeding network; 101, arc-shaped side wall; 102, horizontal side wall; 201, coaxial cable conductor; 2011, inner conductor; 2012, outer conductor; 202, feeding structure; 2021, first feeding line; 2022, second feeding line; 203, radiating substrate; 204, first bending portion; 301, second bending portion; 401, ring; 2031, hollow area; 2032, solid material area; 205, target path area; 2051, first branch area; 2052, second branch area; 2023, fifth feeding line; 501, first connecting line; 502, second connecting line; 503, total feed port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present disclosure more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0065] In the related art, when designing a mobile communication base station, in order to save space and alleviate the tight base station site resources while reducing costs (space cost, antenna raw material cost, base station site rental cost), it is necessary to design the communication base station to be miniaturized, which requires the antenna used in the communication base station to be miniaturized. On the other hand, in order not to destroy the appearance of the installation environment, the shape of the antenna of the communication base station needs to be conformal to the installation environment. In the conformal design, a cylindrical shell is generally used to cover the antenna. However, in this way, the antenna will interfere with the cylindrical shell, affecting the antenna effect.

[0066] In view of this, it is necessary to design an antenna with a wide bandwidth, miniaturization, and good conformity with the installation environment. To achieve this purpose, the present disclosure provides an antenna unit, which can have at least one bend so that the antenna unit can conform to the cylindrical outer cover through the bend, so that the antenna unit and the cylindrical outer cover (cylindrical shell) do not interfere with each other, and a better conformal and miniaturized design is achieved. Specifically, in the case where the antenna unit adopts a dipole antenna, the bend can be set at the edge of the dipole's radiating arm (radiating substrate) close to the cylindrical shell.

[0067] The cylindrical shell mentioned in the present disclosure may be a cylindrical shell or an elliptical shell, or may be a shell having a curved side wall, such as a semicircular shell, Figure 1 As shown, schematic diagrams of cross-sectional shapes of several cylindrical shells are shown, such as Figure 1 As shown, for the cylindrical shells A and B, the cylindrical shell A is an elliptical cylindrical shell, and the cylindrical shell B is a cylindrical shell. Both the cylindrical shell A and the cylindrical shell B are surrounded by arc-shaped side walls 101.

[0068] Among them, Figure 1 As shown, the cylindrical shell C and the cylindrical shell D include an arcuate side wall 101 and a horizontal side wall, that is, a side wall without an arc. The two opposite first side walls 102 in the cylindrical shell C are horizontal side walls, and the other two opposite second side walls 101 are arcuate. The cross-sectional shape of the cylindrical shell D is semicircular, one side wall 102 of which is horizontal, and the other side walls 101 are arcuate.

[0069] The arc-shaped side wall of the cylindrical shell may be concave toward the shell, or convex toward the shell, such as Figure 1 The arc-shaped side walls of the middle cylindrical shell A to the cylindrical shell D are all convex toward the outside of the shell.

[0070] The design of the curved side wall can be understood as an appearance design required to conform to the installation environment when deploying a communication base station.

[0071] Of course, the cylindrical shell may not be limited to Figure 1 In some examples, the entire side wall of the cylindrical shell may be arc-shaped, and in other examples, the arc-shaped side wall may be only a partial area on one surface of the cylindrical shell, that is, not the entire side wall is arc-shaped, but a partial area of ​​the side wall is arc-shaped. In other examples, the cylindrical shell may be an irregular cylindrical shape, not limited to Figure 1 Several shapes are shown.

[0072] No matter what shape the cylindrical shell presents, it is sufficient to design at least one bending portion in the antenna unit to match the arc. In this way, the antenna unit can be adapted to the cylindrical shell and the interference between the antenna unit and the cylindrical shell can be reduced.

[0073] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, Figure 2 FIG. 4 shows a top plan view of an antenna unit of the present disclosure, Figure 3 A perspective view showing an antenna unit of the present disclosure when located in a cylindrical housing; Figure 4A schematic top view of four radiating substrates of the antenna unit of the present disclosure is shown, as shown in FIG. Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the antenna unit 200 of the present disclosure can be placed in a cylindrical housing 100, wherein at least one side wall of the cylindrical housing 100 is arc-shaped, specifically, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 Several cylindrical housings 100 are shown. The antenna unit 200 may include: a coaxial conductor 201, a feeding structure 202 and two radiation substrates 203;

[0074] The coaxial line conductor 201 includes an inner conductor 2011 and an outer conductor 2012 sleeved outside the inner conductor 2011, the inner conductor 2011 is connected to one end of the feeding structure 202, the other end of the feeding structure 202 is coupled to one of the two radiation substrates 203, and the other of the two radiation substrates 203 is connected to the outer conductor 2012;

[0075] The antenna unit has at least one bending portion so as to conform to the cylindrical shell through the bending portion. 。

[0076] Specifically, in the antenna unit of the present disclosure, the coaxial line conductor 201, the feed structure 202 and the two radiating substrates 203 can constitute a radiating group, and the antenna unit can include multiple such radiating groups, such as including two radiating groups, and the two radiating groups can be orthogonal. In one example, the coaxial line conductor 201, the feed structure 202 and the two radiating substrates 203 can constitute a dipole, and the two radiating groups constitute two dipoles, and the two dipoles can be orthogonal.

[0077] Specifically, at least one bending portion of the antenna unit can be provided on the radiation substrate 203, or on other components of the antenna unit, such as the outer conductor 2012, as long as it conforms to the cylindrical shell and does not interfere with each other. For example, at least one bending portion can be provided on the radiation substrate 203, and more specifically, as Figure 3 As shown, it can be arranged on the edge of the radiation substrate 203 close to the cylindrical shell.

[0078] When the bending portion is provided on the radiation substrate 203 , it can be provided on the edge of the arcuate side close to the cylindrical shell, or it can be provided on the edge of the non-arcuate side close to the cylindrical shell.

[0079] In one example, the coaxial conductor 201, the feed structure 202 and the two radiating substrates 203 may constitute a dipole, and the antenna unit 200 may include a dipole, or include two dipoles, and the two dipoles constitute a pair of dipoles of the antenna unit 200. In the case of including two dipoles, the two dipoles are orthogonal, specifically, as Figure 2 As shown, it includes a dipole E and a dipole F, wherein the dipole E and the dipole F each include two radiating substrates 203, a total of four radiating substrates 203; each dipole includes a feeding structure 202, the two radiating substrates 203 of the dipole E are on a straight line L1, and the two radiating substrates 203 of the dipole F are on a straight line L2, the straight line L1 and the straight line L2 are orthogonal, and the feeding structure 202 of the dipole E is also orthogonal to the feeding structure 202 of the dipole F, so that the antenna unit 200 includes two orthogonal dipoles, so that when the two dipoles cross, the crossed dipoles generate a new resonant mode within the frequency band, so that the antenna expands the bandwidth.

[0080] Each dipole includes a coaxial conductor 201, a feeding structure 202 and two radiation substrates 203. Specifically, the coaxial conductor 201 includes an inner conductor 2011 and an outer conductor 2012 sleeved outside the inner conductor 2011. The inner and outer conductors 2012 can be made of the same metal material, or of course, different metal materials.

[0081] The inner conductor 2011 is connected to one end of the feed structure 202, so as to feed current into the feed structure 202, and the other end of the feed structure 202 is connected to the other radiating substrate 203 of the dipole, and the outer conductor 2012 is connected to one radiating substrate 203 of the dipole. For example, for dipole E, dipole E includes a coaxial conductor 201, a feed structure 202 and two radiating substrates 203, the outer conductor 2012 of the coaxial conductor 201 of dipole E is connected to one of the two radiating substrates 203, the inner conductor 2011 is connected to one end of the feed structure 202, and the other end of the feed structure 202 is connected to the other of the two radiating substrates 203, so as to feed current into the two radiating substrates 203 through the coaxial conductor 201 and the feed structure 202, so as to make the dipole enter the working state.

[0082] The feeding structure 202 is coupled with the radiation substrate 203, and the coupling may refer to overlapping, which is used to feed the current introduced by the inner conductor 2011 into the radiation substrate 203. In one example, the feeding structure 202 may be a feeding line, one end of which is connected to the inner conductor 2011 and the other end is coupled to the radiation substrate 203; in another example, one end of the feeding structure 202 coupled with the radiation substrate 203 may have multiple coupling branches, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, different coupling branches can be coupled with different regions of the radiation substrate 203. Of course, the feeding structure 202 is not limited to the above shape. In the case of including two dipoles and the two dipoles are orthogonal, the feeding structures 202 of the two dipoles are also orthogonal, and the shapes of the two feeding structures 202 can be symmetrical.

[0083] In one example, the feeding structure 202 overlaps a part of the radiation substrate 203, that is, is coupled with a part of the radiation substrate 203, so that the orthographic projection of the feeding substrate on the radiation substrate 203 is covered by the radiation substrate 203. Specifically, Figure 4 As shown, in one example, the length d1 of the portion where the feeding structure 202 is coupled to the radiation substrate 203 may be 12 mm, and the width d2 of the portion where the feeding structure 202 is coupled to the radiation substrate 203 may be 2 mm.

[0084] The antenna unit 200 of this embodiment has at least one bending portion, so that the antenna can be miniaturized while maintaining the expected antenna performance. Therefore, it can match the smaller cylindrical shell 100, thereby reducing the space occupied by the installation environment.

[0085] In an example of the present disclosure, since at least one side wall of the cylindrical housing 100 is curved, in order to achieve a better conformity with the cylindrical housing 100 when the antenna unit 200 is located in the cylindrical housing 100, the radiation substrate 203 of each dipole may have a first bent portion 204 at an edge close to the curved side wall 101. Specifically, according to the curved side wall 101 of the cylindrical housing 100, at least one radiation substrate 203 in the antenna unit 200 may have a first bent portion 204.

[0086] When the cylindrical shell 100 is a cylindrical shell 100 and an elliptical shell, each radiation substrate 203 in the antenna unit 200 may have a first bending portion 204 , such as including four radiation substrates 203 , and the four radiation substrates 203 all have a first bending portion 204 .

[0087] Among them, when the cylindrical shell 100 is a semicircular shell, as Figure 1As shown in D, according to the placement position of the antenna unit 200, each radiating substrate 203 in the antenna unit 200 may also have a first bending portion 204, or, each dipole in the antenna unit 200 may have only one radiating substrate 203 having a first bending portion 204, and the radiating substrates 203 having the first bending portion 204 in the two dipoles may be located on the same side, such as the radiating substrate 203 on the side of the arc-shaped side wall 101 close to the cylindrical shell 100D has the first bending portion 204, while the radiating substrate 203 on the side close to the horizontal side wall 102102 of the cylindrical shell 100D does not have the first bending portion 204.

[0088] Of course, for an irregularly shaped cylindrical housing 100 , or a cylindrical housing 100 with an arc shape only in a partial area of ​​the side wall, it is sufficient that the radiation substrate 203 close to the arc-shaped side wall 101 has a first bent portion 204 at its edge.

[0089] Of course, in another example, in order to enhance the signal transmission capability of the antenna unit 200, regardless of whether the cylindrical shell 100 is a regular shape, each radiating substrate 203 can have a first bending portion 204, and a symmetrical pattern can be formed between the first bending portions 204 of multiple radiating substrates 203.

[0090] Specifically, in one example, the edge of the radiation substrate 203 close to the arc-shaped side wall 101 can be bent toward the side away from the radiation surface of the radiation substrate 203, thereby forming a first bent portion 204. The radiation surface of the radiation substrate 203 can be understood as the emission surface of the radiation substrate 203 that emits signals outward.

[0091] Of course, in another example, the edge of the radiation substrate 203 close to the arc-shaped side wall 101 can also be bent toward one side of the radiation surface of the radiation substrate 203, thereby forming a first bent portion 204. Regardless of which bending method is used to form the first bent portion 204, it can be used to reduce the interference between the antenna unit 200 and the cylindrical housing 100, thereby achieving the purpose of conforming to the cylindrical housing 100.

[0092] Specifically, since the arc-shaped side wall on the cylindrical shell 100 has a side wall concave toward the shell, and a side wall convex toward the shell, as shown in FIG. Figure 1The side walls shown in the figure are all convex to the shell. In the case where the arc-shaped side wall is a concave side wall toward the shell, the first bending portion 204 can also adapt to the arc-shaped side wall and bend along the concave arc. In this case, the orthographic projection of the end of the first bending portion 204 away from the radiation substrate 203 on the radiation surface can overlap with the radiation substrate 203, that is, the first bending portion 204 can be folded on the radiation surface of the radiation substrate 203, or folded on the side of the radiation substrate 203 away from the radiation surface. Of course, this bending method still needs to avoid interference with the cylindrical shell 100.

[0093] Wherein, when the arc-shaped side wall is a side wall convex to the shell, the first bent portion 204 can be bent along the convex arc. In this case, the orthographic projection of the end of the first bent portion 204 away from the radiation substrate 203 on the radiation surface may not overlap with the radiation substrate 203. Figure 3 As shown, the first bending portion 204 can be bent toward the cylindrical housing 100 and does not need to be folded on the radiation surface of the radiation substrate 203 or on the side of the radiation substrate 203 away from the radiation surface.

[0094] No matter which bending method is used, there can be an angle between the first bending portion 204 and the radiation substrate 203. It should be noted that the angle is greater than 0 degrees. In some examples, the angle can be greater than a preset degree, such as greater than 45 degrees, to ensure that the first bending portion 204 can serve as a continuation of the radiation substrate 203 for transmitting signals.

[0095] The radiation substrate 203 is used as the radiation surface of the antenna, and the first bending portion 204 can also be used as a radiation surface. In the present disclosure, the radiation surface of the radiation substrate 203 is called the main radiation surface, and the radiation surface of the first bending portion 204 is called the sub-radiation surface, wherein the size of the main radiation surface is larger than the size of the sub-radiation surface. Specifically, the size of the first bending portion 204 can be smaller than the size of the radiation substrate 203.

[0096] The size of the first bent portion 204 being smaller than the size of the radiation substrate 203 may mean that the size of the orthographic projection of the first bent portion 204 on the plane where the radiation surface of the radiation substrate 203 is located may be smaller than the size of the radiation surface of the radiation substrate 203. Assume that the size of the orthographic projection of the first bent portion 204 on the plane where the radiation surface of the radiation substrate 203 is located may include a first size extending along the first direction and a second size extending along the second direction, such as Figure 2As shown, the first direction may be the x direction, the second direction may be the y direction, and the first direction and the second direction are orthogonal. In an example, a first dimension of the orthogonal projection of the first bent portion 204 on the plane where the radiation surface is located in the x direction may be equal to the dimension of the radiation substrate 203 along the x direction, and a second dimension of the orthogonal projection of the first bent portion 204 in the y direction may be smaller than the dimension of the radiation substrate 203 along the y direction.

[0097] In one example, Figure 4 As shown, the dimension a2 of the orthographic projection of the first bent portion 204 on the plane (first plane S1) where the radiation surface of the radiation substrate 203 is located in the y direction can be 5 mm, and the dimension a1 occupied by the two radiation substrates 203 in the y direction can be 39 mm; the dimension of the orthographic projection of the first bent portion 204 on the first plane S1 in the x direction can be 26.5 mm, and the dimension a3 of the radiation substrate 203 in the x direction can also be 26.5 mm.

[0098] Among them, by designing the size of the first bend portion 204 and the angle between it and the radiation substrate 203, the antenna radiation pattern gain, wave width and other performance indicators can be adjusted. That is to say, the first bend portion 204 can not only achieve conformity with the cylindrical shell 100, but also adjust the antenna radiation pattern gain, wave width and other performance indicators. In some other embodiments, the antenna unit 200 may also include a reflector 300, wherein the reflector 300 is used to reflect the signal radiated to the back side by the radiation substrate 203. For example, the first bend portion 204 may radiate part of the signal to the back side of the radiation substrate 203. At this time, the reflector 300 can reflect such signal to reduce the loss of the transmitted signal.

[0099] Specifically, refer to Figure 5 , which shows a side plan view of another antenna unit 200, including a reflector 300, which can be connected to an end of the coaxial line conductor 201 away from the radiation substrate 203;

[0100] The reflective plate 300 has a second bending portion 301 bent toward the first bending portion 204 at an edge close to the arc-shaped side wall, and the first bending portion 204 is bent toward the second bending portion 301;

[0101] The orthographic projection of the second bending portion 301 on the second plane does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the first bending portion 204 on the second plane, and the second plane is a plane parallel to the coaxial conductor 201 .

[0102] In the present disclosure, at least one bending portion of the antenna unit 200 may include, in addition to a first bending portion arranged on the radiation substrate 203, a second bending portion arranged on the reflection plate 300, so that different components of the antenna unit can be conformal to the cylindrical shell.

[0103] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the reflector 300 is connected to one end of the coaxial conductor 201 away from the radiation substrate 203. Specifically, there is a spacing distance between the reflector 300 and the radiation substrate 203 of the antenna unit 200, and the spacing distance may be greater than or equal to the axial length of the coaxial conductor 201. For example, Figure 5 As shown, the vertical distance h between the reflection plate 300 and the radiation substrate 203 may be 30 mm.

[0104] In this embodiment, the size of the reflector 300 is larger than the size of the area occupied by all the radiating substrates 203 in the antenna unit 200, that is, the reflector 300 can cover all the radiating substrates 203 in the antenna unit 200, thereby achieving full reflection of the signal.

[0105] In order to achieve conformity with the cylindrical shell 100, the reflective plate 300 has a second bending portion 301 at the edge close to the curved side wall. The second bending portion 301 is bent toward the first bending portion 204, and the first bending portion 204 is also bent toward the second bending portion 301. It should be noted that there is also a spacing distance between the first bending portion 204 and the second bending portion 301 of the reflective plate 300.

[0106] Specifically, when viewed in the direction of the second plane, the orthographic projection of the second bend portion 301 on the second plane does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the first bend portion 204 on the second plane, that is, there is a spacing distance between the end of the first bend portion 204 close to the second bend portion 301 and the end of the second bend portion 301 close to the first bend portion 204.

[0107] It should be noted that, since the first bending portion 204 is toward the second bending portion 301, and the second bending portion 301 is toward the first bending portion 204, there is a spacing distance between the end of the first bending portion 204 close to the second bending portion 301 and the end of the second bending portion 301 close to the first bending portion 204, which is smaller than the spacing distance between the radiation substrate 203 and the reflection plate 300.

[0108] The side of the reflector 300 used for reflecting signals is called a reflecting surface, and the side that does not reflect signals is called a reflecting back surface, wherein the reflecting surface faces the radiation substrate 203. As described in the above embodiment, if the arc-shaped side wall is concave toward the cylindrical shell 100, the first bent portion 204 is folded on the back surface away from the radiation surface, and the second bent portion 301 is folded on the reflecting surface of the reflector 300; if the arc-shaped side wall is convex toward the outside of the cylindrical shell 100, the first bent portion 204 can be bent away from the radiation surface, and the end of the first bent portion 204 away from the radiation substrate 203 faces the side wall, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the second bending portion 301 can be bent toward the reflective surface, and the end of the second bending portion 301 away from the reflective substrate faces the side wall.

[0109] The sizes of the first bending portion 204 and the second bending portion 301 may be different. Specifically, the size of the first bending portion 204 may be smaller than the size of the second bending portion 301. In an example, the thickness of the first bending portion 204 may be smaller than the thickness of the second bending portion 301, and the area of ​​the radiation surface of the first bending portion 204 may be smaller than the area of ​​the reflection surface of the second bending portion 301.

[0110] The plane parallel to the coaxial conductor 201 can be called the second plane S2, and the plane perpendicular to the coaxial conductor 201 can be called the first plane S1, which is the plane where the radiation surface of the radiation substrate 203 is located. It can be seen that the first plane is perpendicular to the second plane, that is, they are two orthogonal planes.

[0111] Specifically, Figure 5 As shown, the size c2 of the orthographic projection of the second bend portion 301 on the second plane S2 may be greater than the size b1 of the orthographic projection of the first bend portion 204 on the second plane S2; for example, the size c2 of the orthographic projection of the second bend portion 301 on the second plane S2 is 10.3 mm, and the size b1 of the orthographic projection of the first bend portion 204 on the second plane S2 may be 6.5 mm.

[0112] In another example, the size of the orthographic projection of the second bend portion 301 on the first plane S1 may be smaller than the size b2 of the orthographic projection of the first bend portion 204 on the first plane S1; for example, if the size of the orthographic projection of the second bend portion 301 on the first plane S1 is 4.5 mm, then the size b2 of the orthographic projection of the first bend portion 204 on the first plane S1 may be 5 mm.

[0113] In order to improve the reflection effect of the reflector 300 on the signal reflected by the radiation board to the inside of the cylindrical shell, the orthographic projection of the reflector 300 on the first plane can completely cover the orthographic projection of the radiation substrate 203 on the first plane. In this way, the second bent portion 301 can be located outside the first bent portion 204.

[0114] Specifically, the first orthographic projection of the first bending portion 204 on the first plane is located on a side of the second orthographic projection of the second bending portion 301 on the first plane close to the radiation substrate 203 ; wherein the first orthographic projection has no overlap or partially overlaps with the second orthographic projection.

[0115] Among them, the first orthographic projection and the second orthographic projection may not overlap, or the first orthographic projection and the second orthographic projection may overlap, and the overlap may be partial overlap. Regardless of overlap or non-overlap, the end of the second bend portion 301 may be located outside the end of the first bend portion 204, thereby reflecting the signal radiated by the first bend portion 204.

[0116] In some other embodiments, the antenna unit 200 may further include a resonant structure 400 corresponding to the dipole, and the resonant structure 400 may be used to increase the resonant point of the antenna unit 200; wherein:

[0117] The resonant structure 400 is disposed on a side of the radiation substrate 203 away from the feeding structure 202 , and the orthographic projection of the resonant structure 400 on the first plane overlaps with the orthographic projection of the radiation substrate 203 on the first plane; wherein the first plane is parallel to the plane of the radiation substrate 203 .

[0118] Specifically, the resonant structure 400 may be made of metal. The resonant structure 400 may be located on the back side of the radiation substrate 203, that is, on the side away from the radiation surface, and have a certain spacing distance from the radiation substrate 203. Specifically, the orthographic projection of the resonant structure 400 on the first plane S1 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the radiation substrate 203 on the first plane S1.

[0119] The spacing distance between the resonant structure 400 and the radiation substrate 203 can be determined according to the resonance point to be added.

[0120] In the case of two orthogonal dipoles, four radiation substrates 203 are included. In this case, the orthographic projections of the resonant structure 400 on the first plane S1 overlap with the orthographic projections of the four radiation substrates 203 on the first plane S1.

[0121] In an example, the orthographic projection of the resonant structure 400 on the first plane S1 does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the feeding structure 202 on the first plane S1 , that is, the resonant structure 400 can be arranged away from the feeding structure 202 .

[0122] In some examples, two orthogonal dipoles may be included, and the resonant structure 400 may include a ring 401;

[0123] Alternatively, the resonant structure 400 may include a plurality of spaced arcs, different arcs correspond to different radiation substrates 203, and the plurality of arcs correspond to the same center point.

[0124] Reference Figure 6a and Figure 6b As shown, Figure 6a 4 shows a schematic top view of the antenna unit 200 when the resonant structure 400 is a circular ring 401. Figure 6b FIG. 4 is a schematic top plan view of the antenna unit 200 when the resonant structure 400 is an arc.

[0125] like Figure 6a As shown, the resonant structure 400 may be a ring 401, which may be called a parasitic ring 401, and is used to increase the resonance point of the antenna unit 200. The size of the ring 401, such as the line width, radius, and the spacing between the ring 401 and the radiation substrate 203, may be set according to the resonance point to be increased.

[0126] like Figure 6b As shown, the resonant structure 400 may include multiple arcs, and the orthographic projections of different arcs on the first plane S1 are located within the orthographic projections of the corresponding radiation substrate 203 on the first plane S1. The orthographic projections of the multiple arcs on the first plane S1 do not overlap each other and have a certain spacing distance. Similarly, the size of each arc, such as the line width, radius, and the spacing distance between the arc and the radiation substrate 203, can be set according to the resonance points that need to be added.

[0127] In some embodiments, the gaps between the plurality of spaced arcs may further be provided with tunable devices for tuning the antenna unit 200 .

[0128] Specifically, the multiple arcs need to be arranged toward the same center, thereby ensuring uniform resonance of the entire antenna unit 200 .

[0129] Next, the structures of the first bending portion 204 and the radiation substrate 203 in the antenna unit 200 of the present disclosure are described in detail.

[0130] like Figure 5 As shown, it includes two orthogonal dipoles, wherein the first bent portion 204 can form a certain angle with the radiation substrate 203, specifically, the angle can be adapted to the curvature of the arc on the cylindrical housing 100. Wherein, in the case where the curvature of the arc indicates that its side wall is concave toward the housing, the angle between the first bent portion 204 and the radiation substrate 203 can be an acute angle, that is, greater than a preset angle and less than 90 degrees; thereby, the first bent portion 204 can adapt to the side wall of the arc and bend along the concave curvature.

[0131] Among them, Figure 1 As shown in the figure, when the curvature of the arc indicates that the side wall is convex toward the shell, the angle between the first bent portion 204 and the radiation substrate 203 can be an obtuse angle, that is, greater than 90 degrees. In this case, the first bent portion 204 can be bent along the convex curvature.

[0132] In some examples of this embodiment, the angle between the first bending portion 204 and the radiation substrate 203 may be an obtuse angle, so that the microwave signal can be emitted outward as much as possible at the first bending portion 204 .

[0133] In one example, the angles between different radiation substrates 203 and the corresponding first bending portions 204 may be the same, such as the angle between the radiation substrate 203 and the first bending portion 204 of dipole E is the same as the angle between the radiation substrate 203 and the first bending portion 204 of dipole F, so that the two orthogonal dipoles present symmetrical first bending portions 204.

[0134] Of course, in order to achieve conformity with the cylindrical shell, in some cases, the angles between different radiation substrates 203 and the corresponding first bending portions 204 may also be different, which is not limited here.

[0135] In some embodiments, the coaxial conductor 201 of the antenna unit 200 is perpendicular to the radiation substrate 203, that is, the axial direction of the inner conductor 2011 and the outer conductor 2012 of the coaxial conductor 201 is perpendicular to the radiation surface of the radiation substrate 203. Figure 5 As shown, the size of the first bending portion 204 can be smaller than the size of the radiation substrate 203. Specifically, the size of the orthographic projection of the first bending portion 204 on the first plane can be smaller than the size of the orthographic projection of the radiation substrate 203 on the first plane; wherein the first plane is a plane perpendicular to the coaxial conductor 201.

[0136] In this embodiment, the area of ​​the radiation surface of the first bending portion 204 is smaller than the area of ​​the radiation surface of the radiation substrate 203. In an optional example, the radiation substrate 203 and the first bending portion 204 can both be rectangular in shape, the radiation substrate 203 has a length and a width, and the first bending portion 204 also has a length and a width, wherein the length of the radiation substrate 203 can be equal to the value of the length of the first bending portion 204 (i.e., the dimension of the radiation substrate 203 in the x direction is equal to the dimension of the orthographic projection of the first bending portion 204 on the first plane in the x direction), and the width of the radiation substrate 203 can be greater than the width of the first bending portion 204 (i.e., the second dimension of the orthographic projection of the first bending portion 204 on the first plane in the y direction is smaller than the dimension of the radiation substrate 203 along the y direction).

[0137] In one embodiment, the shape of the radiation substrate 203 may be a quadrilateral, a circle, an ellipse, a sector or an irregular shape, and the first bent portion 204 may be regarded as an extension of the edge of the radiation substrate 203, and its shape may be adapted to the shape of the radiation substrate 203. It should be noted that the shapes of the two radiation substrates 203 of a dipole are symmetrical, and in the case of two dipoles, the shapes of the four radiation substrates 203 are also symmetrical.

[0138] Next, the feeding structure 202 is described.

[0139] In some embodiments, the feeding structure 202 may be a tree-branch type structure, for example, the feeding structure 202 may include multiple branches, one branch is used to connect to the inner conductor 2011, and the remaining branches are equivalent to drainage branches, coupling the current fed from the inner conductor 2011 to different directions of the radiation substrate 203. Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, a tree-branch type feeding structure 202 is used. The use of such a feeding structure 202 can help to improve the uniform transmission of the electrical signal fed to the radiation substrate 203 .

[0140] Specifically, the feeding structure 202 may include a first feeding line 2021 and a plurality of second feeding lines 2022; wherein one end of the first feeding line 2021 is connected to the inner conductor 2011, and the other end is respectively connected to a plurality of second feeding lines 2022, the plurality of second feeding lines 2022 are coupled to the radiation substrate 203 coupled to the feeding structure 202, and the plurality of second feeding lines 2022 extend in different directions along the radiation substrate 203.

[0141] Specifically, the plurality of second feed lines 2022 may not be parallel to each other. Figure 4 As shown, or, the plurality of second feeders 2022 may include feeders that are not parallel to each other, or may include feeders that are parallel to each other, such as Figure 7 shown.

[0142] In this embodiment, a tree-branch-shaped feeding structure 202 is formed between the first feed line 2021 and the plurality of second feed lines 2022 . The plurality of second feed lines 2022 can be understood as a plurality of branches of the first feed line 2021 for feeding electrical signals to areas in different directions of the radiation substrate 203 .

[0143] Among them, the second feeding line 2022 coupled to the radiation substrate 203 in the feeding structure 202 can extend along the first direction or the second direction of the radiation substrate 203, and the first direction and the second direction are the extension directions of two adjacent sides of the radiation substrate 203. According to the shape of the radiation substrate 203, the first direction and the second direction can be orthogonal, or the first direction and the second direction can present other angles.

[0144] Specifically, the second feeder 2022 extending in the first direction has a size in the first direction that is smaller than the size of the radiation substrate 203 in the first direction, such as the second feeder extending in the y direction has a size in the y direction that is smaller than the size of the radiation substrate 203 in the y direction. The second feeder 2022 extending in the second direction has a size in the second direction that is smaller than the size of the radiation substrate 203 in the second direction, such as the second feeder extending in the x direction has a size in the x direction that is smaller than the size of the radiation substrate 203 in the x direction. Impedance matching can be performed by changing the length and line width of the second feeder 2022 and the first feeder 2021. For example, in an antenna unit 200, the length d1 of the second feeder 2022 can be 12 mm, and the line width d2 can be 2 mm.

[0145] Among them, different second feed lines 2022 can have the same size, such as different second feed lines 2022 can have the same length and the same line width; or in another example, different second feed lines 2022 can have different sizes, such as different second feed lines 2022 can have the same length and different line widths, or, different second feed lines 2022 can have different lengths and the same line width, or, different second feed lines 2022 can have different lengths and different line widths.

[0146] In an example, Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the multiple feeding lines may include two second feeding lines 2022 , and the two second feeding lines 2022 extend respectively along two adjacent sides of the coupled radiation substrate 203 , thereby feeding power to the radiation substrate 203 starting from the side of the radiation substrate 203 .

[0147] In this example, the angle between the two second feed lines 2022 can be adapted to the angle between two adjacent side edges of the radiation substrate 203. If the angle between the adjacent side edges is a right angle, the two second feed lines 2022 are perpendicular to each other. If the angle between the adjacent side edges is an obtuse angle, the angle between the two second feed lines 2022 is also an obtuse angle. If the angle between the adjacent side edges is an acute angle, the angle between the two second feed lines 2022 is also an acute angle.

[0148] Specifically, the angle between the two second feeding lines 2022 can be equal to the angle between two adjacent sides of the radiation substrate 203 , so that the current fed through the feeding structure 202 can be accurately fed along the edge of the radiation substrate 203 , thereby spreading around the radiation substrate 203 .

[0149] In one example, two second feeding lines 2022 may also be included. The two second feeding lines 2022 may not be perpendicular to each other and may present other angles, such as acute angles or obtuse angles. They may extend along two different non-edge paths of the radiation substrate 203, for example, in a direction at a certain angle to the side edge of the radiation substrate 203, thereby achieving feeding of the radiation substrate 203.

[0150] In another example, three or more second feed lines 2022 may be included, and these multiple second feed lines 2022 may be shaped like branches forked in different directions to feed different areas on the radiation substrate 203, thereby improving the uniformity of feeding to the radiation substrate 203, and further improving the performance of the antenna unit 200. In this example, among the multiple second feed lines 2022, there is an angle between two adjacent second feed lines 2022, and specifically, the angles between each two adjacent second feed lines 2022 may be the same or different. In the case of the same angle, the uniformity of feeding is higher, and in the case of different angles, the feeding of the feeding structure 202 can match the regional characteristics of the radiation substrate 203 to adapt to the shape of the current path of the radiation substrate 203, thereby improving the radiation effect.

[0151] In one example, three or more second feeder lines 2022 are included, and the angle between every two second feeder lines 2022 is less than or equal to 90 degrees.

[0152] In this example, in one case, the two outermost second feeder lines 2022 of the plurality of second feeder lines 2022 are perpendicular to each other, and each second feeder line 2022 between the two perpendicular second feeder lines 2022 has an angle less than 90 degrees with the outer second feeder line 2022.

[0153] In this example, in another case, the angle between the two outermost second feeders 2022 among the plurality of second feeders 2022 may be less than 90 degrees, and the angle between each second feeder 2022 between the two outer second feeders 2022 and the outer second feeder 2022 is less than 90 degrees.

[0154] In some examples, as described above, in the case of including three or more second feed lines 2022, the plurality of second feed lines 2022 may include feed lines respectively extending along two adjacent sides of the radiation substrate 203, and feed lines extending along a path between two adjacent sides of the radiation substrate 203. In this way, the feeding structure 202 can feed along the edge of the radiation substrate 203 and the inside of the radiation substrate 203, respectively, so that the fed current is dispersed in various areas of the radiation substrate 203 to enhance the radiation capability of the radiation substrate 203.

[0155] In a specific design, the plurality of second feed lines 2022 include a third feed line extending along two adjacent sides of the radiation substrate 203, and a fourth feed line located between the two third feed lines; wherein the line width of the fourth feed line is greater than the line width of the third feed line; and / or the length of the fourth feed line is greater than the length of the third feed line.

[0156] The fourth feeder may include one or more feeders, see Figure 7 , which shows a schematic top view of an antenna unit 200, Figure 7 The case where two fourth feeders are included is shown. In this example, Figure 7 As shown, among the plurality of second feeders 2022, the angle between the two outermost third feeders is equal to 90 degrees, and the fourth feeder located between the two outermost third feeders can be parallel to each other, such as Figure 7 As shown, four second feeder lines 2022 are included, the outermost two third feeder lines are perpendicular to each other, and the two fourth feeder lines located between the outermost two third feeder lines are parallel to each other.

[0157] Of course, in some other examples, the fourth feeder line between the two outermost third feeders may not be parallel. Specifically, in the case of three or more second feeders 2022, they may have a variety of bifurcated forms.

[0158] When this feeding structure 202 is adopted, the two third feeding lines can extend along two adjacent sides of the radiation substrate 203 respectively, so that the third feeding lines can feed current to the sides of the radiation substrate 203; the fourth feeding line is located between the two third feeding lines, and can feed current to the middle area of ​​the radiation substrate 203, such as the diagonal path, so that the radiation substrate 203 is fed with current on the edge and the internal diagonal line, so that the current feeding path on the radiation substrate 203 can be increased, thereby improving the uniformity of the fed current on the radiation substrate 203, so that each area of ​​the radiation substrate 203 is fed with current.

[0159] The line width of the fourth feeder line may be greater than the line width of the third feeder line, and the line length of the fourth feeder line may be equal to the line length of the third feeder line, or less than the line length of the third feeder line. Figure 7 As shown, the line width of the fourth feeder can also be smaller than the line width of the third feeder, and the line length of the fourth feeder can also be larger than the line length of the third feeder. Specifically, it can be designed according to the actual shape and size of the radiation substrate 203, and no special limitation is made here.

[0160] When this design is adopted, the coupling degree between the middle area of ​​the radiation substrate 203 and the feeding structure 202 can be improved, thereby ensuring that the coupling in the middle area is not much different from the coupling in the edge area of ​​the radiation substrate 203, thereby improving the uniformity of feeding and ensuring the performance of the antenna unit 200.

[0161] In some embodiments, the radiation substrate 203 may be a substrate made of solid material, or may include a hollow area 2031. Figure 8 As shown, a top plan view of another antenna unit 200 is shown, as shown in Figure 8 As shown, each radiation substrate 203 has a hollow area 2031 and a solid area 2032 , wherein the solid area 2032 is used to couple with the feeding structure 202 , so that multiple feeding lines on the feeding structure 202 can feed the solid area 2032 respectively.

[0162] Specifically, Figure 8 As shown, the solid material area 2032 may enclose the hollow area 2031 , wherein the hollow area 2031 may include one or more. In the case of including multiple hollow areas 2031 , there are intervals between the multiple hollow areas 2031 .

[0163] In this example, due to the setting of the hollow area 2031, the radiation substrate 203 is divided into multiple current paths, that is, different areas around the hollow area 2031 in the solid material area 2032 can form different current paths, such as Figure 8 In the figure, the hollow area 2031 is a rectangle, and the solid material area 2032 surrounds the four sides of the hollow area 2031 to form a current path extending along the four sides of the radiation substrate 203, and the hollow area 2031 can be regarded as an insulating area, thereby, the current fed by the feeding structure 202 is limited to flow through the edge of the radiation substrate 203, so that the current path in the radiation substrate 203 is relatively longer, which can contribute to the miniaturization design of the radiation substrate 203. At the same time, the radiation substrate 203 is provided with the hollow area 2031, which can reduce the weight of the radiation substrate 203, so as to realize the lightweight design of the antenna unit 200.

[0164] In some embodiments, the shape of the hollow area 2031 includes at least one of a polygon, a circle, a sector, an ellipse, and an irregular shape.

[0165] Specifically, the hollow area 2031 may be a square, a rectangle, a parallelogram or an irregular trapezoid; or, it may be a circle, an ellipse, or a sector. The shape of the hollow area 2031 may be the same as that of the radiation substrate, such as both may be a square, a rectangle or a parallelogram; or both may be a circle or a sector. The shape of the hollow area 2031 may be different from that of the radiation substrate, such as if the radiation substrate is a square, the hollow area may be a rectangle; if the radiation substrate is a quadrilateral, the hollow area may be a circle; if the radiation substrate is a sector, the hollow area 2031 may be a quadrilateral.

[0166] The area of ​​the hollow area 2031 may be larger than the area of ​​the solid area, in which case the weight of the radiation substrate may be further reduced, and the antenna unit may be lightweight and miniaturized. The area of ​​the hollow area may also be smaller than the area of ​​the solid area, which is not specifically limited here.

[0167] Among them, refer to Figure 9a As shown, a schematic diagram of a top view of an antenna substrate is shown, such as Figure 9a As shown, in the same dipole, the two radiation substrates 203 may include hollow areas 2031 of the same shape, or hollow areas 2031 of different shapes. Specifically, the shape of the hollow area 2031 of one radiation substrate 203 connected to the inner conductor 2011 may be adapted to the shape of the feeding structure 202. Specifically, as Figure 9a As shown, the feeding structure 202 includes a first feed line 2021 and three second feed lines 2022, wherein the three second feed lines 2022 include two orthogonal third feed lines located at the outermost sides, a fourth feed line is provided between the two third feed lines, a pentagonal hollow area 2031 is provided on the radiation substrate 203 coupled with the second feed line 2022 in the dipole, and a rectangular hollow area 2031 is provided on the other radiation substrate 203 in the dipole.

[0168] Of course, if Figure 9a This is only an exemplary description and does not represent a limitation on the hollow area 2031 of the present disclosure.

[0169] In some embodiments, the solid material area 2032 encloses the hollow area 2031. Therefore, different sides of the solid material area 2032 adjacent to the hollow area 2031 can be regarded as different path areas. In this way, the solid material area 2032 can include a plurality of path areas that are interconnected, and the path areas are used to provide current paths; specifically, the plurality of path areas may include a target path area 205 extending into the hollow area 2031.

[0170] Reference Figure 9b As shown, a schematic diagram of a top view of an antenna unit 200 is shown, such as Figure 9bAs shown, each radiation substrate 203 has a hollow area 2031 and a solid material area 2032, wherein the hollow area 2031 is an irregular shape, and the solid material area 2032 includes a plurality of path areas. Specifically, the plurality of path areas may include path areas extending along the four edges of the radiation substrate 203, such as including four path areas that can be enclosed into a quadrilateral, and the area enclosed by the four path areas also includes a target path area 205, and the target path area 205 extends into the quadrilateral enclosed by the four path areas. Then, from a top-down perspective, the target path area 205 extends into the hollow area 2031.

[0171] Specifically, in an exemplary embodiment, when the radiation substrate 203 is rectangular as a whole, the target path area 205 can be regarded as a path area located on the diagonal line of the radiation substrate 203 , and the remaining path areas can be located around the radiation substrate 203 .

[0172] In some examples, such as Figure 9b As shown, the target path area 205 may be shaped like a wrench, the wrench-shaped handle portion is connected to the remaining path areas, and the head portion of the wrench is away from the handle and extends into the hollow area 2031 .

[0173] Specifically, the target path area 205 includes a first branch area 2051 and a second branch area 2052 conductively connected to the first branch area 2051;

[0174] The size of the second branch region 2052 in the target direction is greater than the size of the first branch region 2051 in the target direction, and the target direction is a direction perpendicular to the direction of the current flowing through the target path region 205;

[0175] The first branch region 2051 is located between the feeding structure 202 and the second branch region 2052 .

[0176] In this embodiment, the target path area 205 may be composed of a first branch area 2051 and a second branch area 2052. In one example, the radiation substrate 203 is rectangular, the first branch area 2051 may be located on the diagonal of the radiation substrate 203, and the second branch area 2052 is connected to an end of the first branch area 2051 away from the feeding structure 202. Since the size of the second branch area 2052 in the target direction is larger than the size of the first branch area 2051 in the target direction, the width of the current path formed by the second branch area 2052 is larger than the width of the current path formed by the first branch area 2051, thereby forming a radiation structure with a larger size at the end through which the current flows.

[0177] The shape of the first branch region 2051 may be different from the shape of the second branch region 2052. The first branch region 2051 and the second branch region 2052 may both be polygons, and the number of edges included in the first branch region 2051 may be different from the number of edges included in the second branch region 2052. Figure 9b As shown, the first branch region 2051 is in a strip shape, and the second branch region 2052 may be in an octagonal shape. In some other examples, the first branch region 2051 is in a strip shape, and the second branch region 2052 may be in a hexagonal, pentagonal, or other shape.

[0178] Alternatively, the first branch area 2051 is a polygon, and the second branch area 2052 can be a circle, an ellipse, or an irregular shape including an arc, as long as the size of the second branch area 2052 is slightly larger than the size of the first branch area 2051, so as to serve as an emission point.

[0179] In one embodiment, the second branch region 2052 has a notch at one end away from the feeding structure 202. Figure 9b As shown, when the second branch region 2052 is formed with a notch, the overall shape of the second branch region 2052 can be U-shaped. Of course, when the second branch region 2052 is circular, elliptical or other polygonal, the second branch region 2052 also has a notch. By setting the notch, when the current flows to the second branch region 2052, the flow width of the current can be limited, so that the current is more concentrated, that is, the current is larger, thereby improving the signal transmission performance.

[0180] When the radiation substrate 203 in this embodiment is adopted, the corresponding feeding structure 202 can be adapted to the shape design of the radiation substrate 203. Specifically, the radiation substrate 203 includes a hollow area 2031 and a solid area 2032, and the solid area 2032 includes multiple path areas, and the multiple path areas include a target path area 205 extending into the hollow area 2031, wherein the feeding structure 202 may also include a feeder corresponding to the target path area 205. Specifically, the feeding structure 202 may include a first feeder 2021 and multiple second feeders 2022, wherein the multiple second feeders 2022 may include a feeder coupled to the target path area 205, and the feeder may be called a fifth feeder 2023. The fifth feeder 2023 may be a feeder coupled to a partial area of ​​the target path area 205 away from the hollow area 2031.

[0181] In some examples, reference Fig.10As shown, a schematic diagram of a top view of an antenna unit 200 is shown, wherein the target path area 205 may include a first branch area 2051 and a second branch area 2052, wherein the first branch area 2051 is located between the second branch area 2052 and the feed structure 202, and the fifth feed line 2023 may be coupled with the first branch area 2051. Specifically, the fifth feed line 2023 may extend along the length direction of the first branch area 2051 and be coupled with the first branch area 2051, wherein the coupling may refer to overlapping.

[0182] Below, an exemplary design of an antenna unit 200 is given, the cylindrical shell 100 is a cylindrical shell, wherein the inner diameter of the cylinder is 60 mm, the outer diameter is 64 mm, and the wall thickness is 2 mm. Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, the antenna unit 200 disposed therein includes two orthogonal dipoles, each of which may include a coaxial line conductor 201, a feeding structure 202, and two radiation substrates 203 located on the same straight line.

[0183] The radiation substrate 203 is rectangular, including a solid material area 2032 and a hollow area 2031 which is also rectangular. The hollow area 2031 is a square, wherein the side length e of the hollow area 2031 is 14 mm. The solid material areas 2032 located on opposite sides of the hollow area 2031 have a dimension a4 of 8.5 mm in the x-direction and a dimension a5 of 4 mm in the x-direction.

[0184] The feeding structure 202 includes a first feeder 2021, one end of the first feeder 2021 is connected to the inner conductor 2011, and the other end of the first feeder 2021 is connected to two second feeders 2022, the two second feeders 2022 are orthogonal, and the two second feeders 2022 extend respectively along two adjacent solid material areas 2032. Specifically, the length d1 of the second feeder 2022 is 12 mm, the line width d2 of the second feeder 2022 is 2 mm, and the two second feeders 2022 have the same length and line width; wherein impedance matching can be performed by changing the length and line width of the second feeder 2022 and the first feeder 2021.

[0185] The outer conductor 2012 is connected to one of the two radiating substrates 203 . When one dipole is excited, the other dipole can be used as a ring resonator to broaden the bandwidth of the antenna unit 200 .

[0186] Each radiation substrate 203 has a first bending portion 204 at an edge close to the side wall of the cylindrical housing 100;

[0187] The reflector 300 is also included. The vertical distance between the reflector 300 and the radiation substrate 203 can be 30 mm. The reflector 300 is located in the cylindrical housing 100. The size c1 of the orthographic projection of the reflector 300 on the first plane S1 is 57 mm, and the size a1 of the orthographic projection of the four radiation substrates 203 on the first plane S1 is 39 mm.

[0188] Among them, the reflective plate 300 has a second bending portion 301 at the edge of the side wall close to the cylindrical shell 100, and the size c2 of the orthographic projection of the second bending portion 301 on the second plane S2 is 10.3mm, then the size b1 of the orthographic projection of the first bending portion 204 on the second plane S2 can be 6.5mm; the size of the orthographic projection of the second bending portion 301 on the first plane S1 is 4.5mm, and the size a2 of the orthographic projection of the first bending portion 204 on the first plane S1 can be 5mm.

[0189] Among them, the first bending portion 204 does not interfere with the cylindrical shell, achieving better conformality. Compared with the traditional planar cross dipole antenna, in a cylinder of the same caliber, the conformal antenna can achieve lower frequency radiation, which provides great help for the miniaturization of the overall structure.

[0190] The performance test of the exemplary antenna unit 200 is performed as follows: Fig.11 and Fig.12 As shown, Fig.11 The original Smith diagram is shown to express the S parameters of the wire unit. Fig.12 A waveform diagram of the S parameters of the electric wire unit is shown. It can be seen that within the frequency band of 1.7 GHz-3 GHz, the electrical performance parameters S11, S22 <-11.5 dB, S21 <-20 dB, and the relative bandwidth reaches 55.32%.

[0191] Based on the same inventive concept, the present disclosure also provides an antenna device, referring to Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, Fig.13 FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the antenna device in the axial direction of the cylindrical housing 100. Fig.14 Schematic diagram of a feed network 500 is shown; Fig.13 As shown, the antenna device includes a cylindrical shell 100 and a plurality of antenna units 200, wherein the plurality of antenna units 200 are arranged at intervals in the cylindrical shell 100; the antenna device may also include a feeding network 500, wherein the feeding network 500 is connected to the coaxial line conductor 201 of each antenna unit 200 to feed an electrical signal to the coaxial line conductor 201 and feed the electrical signal to the feeding structure 202 via the coaxial line conductor 201.

[0192] Among them, the feeding network 500 can be connected to the coaxial conductor 201 of each antenna unit 200 in turn, specifically, it can be connected to the inner conductor 2011 and the outer conductor 2012 of the coaxial conductor 201 respectively, that is, one end of the inner conductor 2011 is connected to the feeding network 500, and the other end is connected to the feeding structure 202, one end of the outer conductor 2012 is connected to the feeding network 500, and the other end is connected to a radiation substrate 203.

[0193] Among them, Fig.13 and Fig.14 The feeding network 500 shown may include a plurality of first connecting lines 501 and second connecting lines 502 connected to the first connecting lines 501, wherein the first connecting lines 501 are used to connect a plurality of second connecting lines 502 in series, and each second connecting line 502 is used to feed two adjacent antenna units 200, such as Fig.13 As shown, two adjacent antenna units 200 form a group, one end of the second connection line 502 is connected to one antenna unit 200, and the other end is connected to another antenna unit 200; the first connection line 501 provides an electrical signal to each second connection line 502. The feed network finally converges into two main feed ports 503 for connecting RF cables.

[0194] It should be noted that the cylindrical shell 100 in this embodiment may be a cylinder, an elliptical cylindrical shell 100 or other shells with arc-shaped side walls.

[0195] Among them, multiple antenna units 200 can be arranged in an array in the cylindrical housing 100, such as Fig.13 As shown, they can be arranged in one row along the axial direction of the cylindrical shell 100, or they can be arranged in n rows and m columns in the cylindrical shell 100, such as arranged in m columns in the axial direction of the cylindrical shell 100 and arranged in n rows in the radial direction.

[0196] like Fig.13 As shown, in one example, the cylindrical shell 100 may be a cylindrical shell, and a row of antenna units 200 are arranged in the axial direction of the cylindrical shell, with a total of 8 antenna units 200, and the spacing distances of the 8 antenna units 200 in the cylindrical shell 100 are equal, and may all be 100 mm. When the antenna device with this configuration is used, refer to Fig.15 and Fig.16 As shown, Fig.15 The S-parameter diagram is shown when 8 antenna units are arrayed in a cylindrical shell. Fig.16 The radiation pattern when 8 antenna units are arrayed in a cylindrical shell is shown. In the frequency band of 1.7GHz-2.2GHz, S11, S22<-11dB, S21<-24.9dB.

[0197] Based on the same inventive concept, the present disclosure also provides a communication base station, including the above-mentioned antenna unit, or including the above-mentioned antenna device.

[0198] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0199] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the disclosed embodiments may be provided as methods, devices, or computer program products. Therefore, the disclosed embodiments may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the disclosed embodiments may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0200] The embodiments of the present disclosure are described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, terminal devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing terminal device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing terminal device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0201] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing terminal device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce a manufactured product including an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0202] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing terminal device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable terminal device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for executing on the computer or other programmable terminal device to implement the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0203] Although the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0204] Finally, it should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or terminal device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or terminal device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or terminal device including the elements.

[0205] The above is a detailed introduction to an antenna unit, an antenna device and a communication base station provided by the present disclosure. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present disclosure. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present disclosure and its core idea. At the same time, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present disclosure, there will be changes in the specific implementation method and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An antenna unit, characterized in that: The antenna unit is used to be placed in a cylindrical shell, and at least one side wall of the cylindrical shell is arc-shaped; the antenna unit includes: a coaxial line conductor, a feeding structure and two radiation substrates; The coaxial line conductor includes an inner conductor and an outer conductor sleeved outside the inner conductor, the inner conductor is connected to one end of the feeding structure, the other end of the feeding structure is coupled to one of the two radiating substrates, and the other of the two radiating substrates is connected to the outer conductor; Wherein, the antenna unit has at least one bending portion so as to conform to the cylindrical shell through the bending portion.

2. The antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that The radiation substrate has a first bending portion at an edge close to the arc-shaped side wall, and an angle is formed between the first bending portion and the plane of the radiation substrate, and the angle is adapted to the curvature of the arc.

3. The antenna unit according to claim 2, characterized in that The included angle is an obtuse angle.

4. The antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that The coaxial line conductor is perpendicular to the radiation surface of the radiation substrate, and the size of the orthographic projection of the first bending portion on the first plane is smaller than the size of the orthographic projection of the radiation substrate on the first plane; The first plane is a plane perpendicular to the coaxial conductor.

5. The antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that The feeding structure includes a first feeding line and a plurality of second feeding lines; One end of the first feeder is connected to the inner conductor, and the other end is respectively connected to a plurality of the second feeders; Wherein, a plurality of second feeding lines are coupled to the radiation substrate to which the feeding structure is coupled, and the plurality of second feeding lines extend in different directions along which the radiation substrate is respectively extended.

6. The antenna unit according to claim 5, characterized in that The included angle between every two of the second feed lines is less than or equal to 90 degrees.

7. The antenna unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The plurality of second feeding lines include feeding lines respectively extending along two adjacent sides of the radiation substrate.

8. The antenna unit according to claim 5, characterized in that The plurality of second feed lines include a third feed line respectively extending along two adjacent sides of the radiation substrate, and a fourth feed line located between the two third feed lines; The line width of the fourth feeder line is greater than the line width of the third feeder line; and / or the length of the fourth feeder line is greater than the length of the third feeder line.

9. The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The radiation substrate comprises a hollow area and a solid material area surrounding the hollow area; Wherein, the feeding structure is coupled with the solid material area.

10. The antenna unit according to claim 9, characterized in that The shape of the hollow area includes at least one of a polygon, a circle, a sector, an ellipse and an irregular shape.

11. The antenna unit according to claim 9, characterized in that: The solid material area includes a plurality of path areas that are interconnected, and the path areas form a current path through which current passes; The plurality of path areas at least include a target path area extending into the hollow area.

12. The antenna unit according to claim 11, characterized in that The target path region includes a first branch region and a second branch region conductively connected to the first branch region; Wherein, the size of the second branch region in the target direction is greater than the size of the first branch region in the target direction, and the target direction is a direction perpendicular to the direction of the current flowing through the target path region; The first branch region is located between the feeding structure and the second branch region.

13. The antenna unit according to claim 12, characterized in that One end of the second branch region away from the feeding structure has a notch.

14. The antenna unit according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that: The feeding structure includes: a feeding line coupled to a partial area of ​​the target path area away from the hollow area.

15. The antenna unit according to claim 2, characterized in that It also includes a reflector, the reflector is connected to one end of the coaxial line conductor away from the radiation substrate; The reflective plate has a second bending portion at an edge close to the arc-shaped side wall, the first bending portion faces the second bending portion, and the second bending portion faces the first bending portion; The orthographic projection of the second bending portion on the second plane does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the first bending portion on the second plane, and the second plane is a plane parallel to the coaxial line conductor.

16. The antenna unit according to claim 15, characterized in that The orthographic projection of the reflection plate on the first plane covers the orthographic projection of the radiation substrate on the first plane; the first plane is perpendicular to the second plane; A first orthographic projection of the first bending portion on the first plane is located on a side of a second orthographic projection of the second bending portion on the first plane close to the radiation substrate; The first orthographic projection and the second orthographic projection have no overlap or partially overlap.

17. The antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that The antenna unit further includes a resonant structure corresponding to the dipole, and the resonant structure is used to increase the resonant point of the antenna unit; wherein: The resonant structure is arranged on a side of the radiation substrate away from the feeding structure and is spaced apart from the radiation substrate; The orthographic projection of the resonant structure on the first plane overlaps with the orthographic projection of the radiation substrate on the first plane; and the first plane is parallel to the radiation surface of the radiation substrate.

18. The antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that In the case of comprising two orthogonal said dipoles, said resonant structure comprises a ring; Alternatively, the resonant structure includes a plurality of spaced arcs, different arcs correspond to different radiation substrates, and the plurality of arcs correspond to the same center point.

19. An antenna device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cylindrical housing, and a plurality of antenna units as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the plurality of antenna units are arranged in the cylindrical housing at intervals; and further comprises: A feeding network is connected to the coaxial conductor of each antenna unit to feed an electrical signal to the coaxial conductor and feed the electrical signal to a feeding structure via the coaxial conductor.

20. A communication base station, characterized in that: include: The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 18, or the antenna device according to claim 19.

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