Motor winding and motor

Abstract

The motor winding comprises a U-phase coil, a V-phase coil and a W-phase coil, and each phase coil comprises four parallel branches which are connected in parallel; for a phase coil, a first parallel branch and a second parallel branch are configured to perform winding in even layers, and layer crossing is performed through two wire slots in odd layers between two adjacent even layers; a third parallel branch and a fourth parallel branch are configured for wire incoming in odd layers, and layer crossing is carried out between two adjacent odd layers through two wire slots in even layers; the pitch of the first parallel branch and the second parallel branch is y, and at a specified position in each layer of the corresponding winding, the pitch of the first parallel branch is changed into y-1, and the pitch of the second parallel branch is changed into y + 1; the pitch of the third parallel branch and the fourth parallel branch is y, and at a specified position in each layer of the corresponding winding, the pitch of the third parallel branch is changed into y-1, and the pitch of the fourth parallel branch is changed into y + 1.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of motors, and in particular to a motor winding and a motor. Background Art

[0002] Traditional drive motors use small diameter round wire stacking, which has low slot fill rate, high winding ends, high resistance, and limited expansion of motor platform power and efficiency range. Although the currently popular flat wire motor can solve the above problems, it uses rectangular wires and has a variety of wire forming methods, such as U-pin, I-pin, etc., but it also has poor design flexibility and compatibility, industrialization is limited by the process level, and mass production automation is difficult. Its wave winding requires the help of a large number of solder joints, and the large number of solder joints leads to many problems such as high risk of failure. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a motor winding and a motor, so as to achieve the purpose of solving the problem of unbalanced current between phases.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a motor winding, including three-phase coils U, V, and W, each phase coil including four parallel branches connected in parallel;

[0005] For a single-phase coil, the first parallel branch and the second parallel branch are configured to be wound on the even-numbered layers, and between two adjacent even-numbered layers, two wire slots on the odd-numbered layers are used to cross the layers;

[0006] The third parallel branch and the fourth parallel branch are configured to enter the odd-numbered layers, and cross the layers through two cable ducts on the even-numbered layers between two adjacent odd-numbered layers;

[0007] The inlet ends of the first parallel branch, the second parallel branch, the third parallel branch, and the fourth parallel branch are located in the four wire troughs of the first layer, and the outlet ends are respectively located in the four wire troughs of the last layer;

[0008] The pitch of the first parallel branch and the second parallel branch is y, and at a specified position in each layer of the corresponding winding, the pitch of the first parallel branch becomes y-1, and the pitch of the second parallel branch becomes y+1;

[0009] The pitch of the third parallel branch and the fourth parallel branch is y. At a specified position in each layer of the corresponding winding, the pitch of the third parallel branch becomes y-1, and the pitch of the fourth parallel branch becomes y+1.

[0010] Optionally, the parallel branch is wound with round enameled wire.

[0011] Optionally, the diameter of the round enameled wire is greater than 1 mm.

[0012] Optionally, the first parallel branch and the second parallel branch occupy the 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th layers for winding;

[0013] The third parallel branch and the fourth parallel branch occupy the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th layers for winding.

[0014] Optionally, the pitch y is 6.

[0015] Optionally, the number of slots per pole per phase is 2.

[0016] Optionally, the formula used to determine the specified position is:

[0017] C i +y×(Z / p-1)

[0018] Where C_i represents the slot number of the incoming line end of the i-th parallel branch, y represents the pitch, Z represents the number of stator slots, and p represents the number of poles.

[0019] Optionally, the number of rotor poles is 16 and the number of stator slots is 96.

[0020] Optionally, the slot numbers corresponding to each corresponding parallel branch differ by 120 electrical degrees.

[0021] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a motor, comprising any motor winding proposed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention lies in: the present invention proposes a motor winding, each phase of the motor winding includes four parallel branches, wherein the parallel branches adopt a cross-layer winding method, and a variable pitch portion is arranged at a designated position in each layer. Through this winding method, a continuous S-shaped wave winding is formed between the input end and the output end. Continuous wave winding based on a method including variable pitch and cross-layer (skipping layer) can solve the problem of phase current imbalance and realize multi-path parallel connection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the first parallel branch and the second parallel branch in the embodiment;

[0024] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the third parallel branch and the fourth parallel branch in the embodiment;

[0025] Figure 3 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the H portion in the embodiment;

[0026] Figure 4 is an enlarged schematic diagram of part I in the embodiment;

[0027] Figure 5 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the J portion in the embodiment;

[0028] Figure 6 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the K portion in the embodiment;

[0029] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a four-way parallel star connection in an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Embodiment 1

[0032] This embodiment provides a motor winding, including three-phase coils U, V, and W, each phase coil including four parallel branches connected in parallel;

[0033] For a single-phase coil, the first parallel branch and the second parallel branch are configured to be wound on the even-numbered layers, and between two adjacent even-numbered layers, two wire slots on the odd-numbered layers are used to cross the layers;

[0034] The third parallel branch and the fourth parallel branch are configured to enter the odd-numbered layers, and cross the layers through two cable ducts on the even-numbered layers between two adjacent odd-numbered layers;

[0035] The inlet ends of the first parallel branch, the second parallel branch, the third parallel branch, and the fourth parallel branch are located in the four wire troughs of the first layer, and the outlet ends are respectively located in the four wire troughs of the last layer;

[0036] The pitch of the first parallel branch and the second parallel branch is y, and at a specified position in each layer of the corresponding winding, the pitch of the first parallel branch becomes y-1, and the pitch of the second parallel branch becomes y+1;

[0037] The pitch of the third parallel branch and the fourth parallel branch is y. At a specified position in each layer of the corresponding winding, the pitch of the third parallel branch becomes y-1, and the pitch of the fourth parallel branch becomes y+1.

[0038] In this embodiment, a wire slot is a slot of a specified layer in a stator slot. For a stator slot, it is set that a maximum of M layers of windings can be arranged, where M is an even number.

[0039] In this embodiment, the slot numbers of the line slots of the incoming line ends of the first parallel branch and the second parallel branch are set to differ by 1. For example, if the slot number corresponding to the incoming line end of the first parallel branch is 1, then the slot number corresponding to the incoming line end of the second parallel branch is 2.

[0040] The pitch of the first parallel branch and the second parallel branch is set to y, and at a specified position in each layer of the corresponding winding, the pitch of the first parallel branch becomes y-1, and the pitch of the second parallel branch becomes y+1;

[0041] Based on the above winding method, the slot numbers of the wire slots at the outlet ends of the first parallel branch and the second parallel branch differ by 1;

[0042] The slot numbers of the line slots of the incoming line ends of the third parallel branch and the fourth parallel branch are set to differ by 1. For example, if the slot number corresponding to the incoming line end of the third parallel branch is 7, then the slot number corresponding to the incoming line end of the fourth parallel branch is 8.

[0043] Set the pitch of the third parallel branch and the fourth parallel branch to y. At a specified position in each layer of the corresponding winding, the pitch of the third parallel branch becomes y-1, and the pitch of the fourth parallel branch becomes y+1.

[0044] Based on the above winding method, the slot numbers of the wire slots at the outlet ends of the third parallel branch and the fourth parallel branch differ by 1.

[0045] In this solution, the motor winding is set to be a drive motor stator winding with a slot number (q) of 2 per pole and per phase.

[0046] The present embodiment proposes a motor winding, wherein each phase of the motor winding includes four parallel branches, wherein the parallel branches are wound in a cross-layer manner, and a variable pitch portion is arranged at a designated position in each layer. Through this winding method, a continuous S-shaped wave winding is formed between the input terminal and the output terminal. Continuous wave winding based on a method including variable pitch and cross-layer (skipping layer) can solve the problem of current imbalance between phases and realize multi-path parallel connection.

[0047] On the basis of the above-mentioned solution, in one possible implementation scheme, the parallel branches are set to be wound with round enameled wires.

[0048] Furthermore, based on the solution of using round enameled wire in the parallel branch, the diameter of the round enameled wire is set to be greater than 1 mm.

[0049] On the basis of any of the above schemes, in one possible implementation scheme, the first parallel branch and the second parallel branch are set to occupy the 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th layers for winding;

[0050] The third parallel branch and the fourth parallel branch are set to occupy the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th layers for winding.

[0051] In this scheme, the first parallel branch and the second parallel branch enter the first layer (the first parallel branch and the second parallel branch each occupy one wire slot), and then immediately enter the second layer and are wound on the second layer;

[0052] After the wires are drawn out from the second layer, they are drawn in from the third layer (the first parallel branch and the second parallel branch each occupy one wire slot), and then they immediately enter the fourth layer and are wound on the fourth layer.

[0053] The above method is repeated until the winding of the 8th layer is completed.

[0054] In this scheme, the third parallel branch and the fourth parallel branch are connected in the first layer and the winding is performed in the first layer;

[0055] After the wires leave the first layer, they enter the second layer (the third parallel branch and the fourth parallel branch each occupy a wire slot), and then immediately enter the third layer, where they are wound;

[0056] After the wires are drawn out from the third layer, they are drawn in from the fourth layer (the first parallel branch and the second parallel branch each occupy one wire slot), and then they immediately enter the fifth layer and are wound on the fifth layer.

[0057] The above method is repeated until the winding of the 7th layer is completed.

[0058] On the basis of any of the foregoing solutions, in one possible implementation scheme, the pitch y is set to 6.

[0059] Based on any of the foregoing solutions, in one possible implementation scheme, the number of slots per pole per phase is set to 2.

[0060] Based on the solution of 2 slots per pole per phase, in one feasible implementation scheme, the number of rotor poles is set to 16 and the number of stator slots is set to 96.

[0061] Based on any of the above solutions, in one possible implementation scheme, the formula used to determine the specified position is:

[0062] C i +y×(Z / p-1)

[0063] In the formula, C i It represents the slot number of the incoming line end of the i-th parallel branch, y represents the pitch, Z represents the number of stator slots, and p represents the number of poles.

[0064] On the basis of any of the foregoing solutions, in one possible implementation scheme, the slot numbers corresponding to each corresponding parallel branch are set to differ by 120 electrical degrees.

[0065] In this scheme, the U-phase and V-phase are set to replicate the winding of the W-phase in an array with an increasing slot number and an offset of 120 electrical degrees and 240 electrical degrees counterclockwise from the W-phase, respectively, to obtain symmetrical U-phase and V-phase windings.

[0066] Based on any of the above schemes, in one possible implementation scheme, the number of rotor poles of the motor winding is set to 16, the number of stator slots is set to 96, the number of parallel branches is set to 4, the pitch y is set to 6, and 8 layers of round wire enameled wire are arranged in each stator slot. Figures 1 to 6 , in this scheme, the winding is specifically carried out as follows:

[0067] Set the incoming ends of the first parallel branch and the second parallel branch of the U phase to slots 1 and 2 on the first layer, respectively, and the outgoing ends to slots 91 (1+Zy) and 92 (2+Zy) on the eighth layer;

[0068] Set the incoming end of the third parallel branch and the fourth parallel branch of the U phase to the slots 7 (1+y) and 8 (2+y) of the first layer, and the outgoing end to the slots 1 and 2 of the eighth layer;

[0069] In this solution, based on the above winding method, a continuous S-shaped wave winding is formed between the incoming and outgoing terminals;

[0070] In this solution, a plurality of variable pitch winding sections and cross-layer winding sections are arranged between the S-shaped wave windings, and each layer includes a variable pitch winding section or a cross-layer winding section;

[0071] In the non-variable pitch winding part, the first parallel branch and the second parallel branch of the U phase are both wound with a pitch of y=6. For example, the slots through which the first parallel branch passes are 13-19-25, and it is wound every 6 slots. Similarly, the slots through which the second parallel branch passes are 14-20-26.

[0072] In this solution, a 4-way parallel winding method is adopted, wherein the first parallel branch and the second parallel branch are adjacent to each other, and the third parallel branch and the fourth parallel branch are adjacent to each other for winding;

[0073] The first parallel branch and the second parallel branch respectively enter the slot 7 (1+y) and slot 8 (2+y) of the second layer from the slot 1 and slot 2 of the first layer of the incoming line end at the full pitch (y=pole pitch) across the layers, and then are wound at the full pitch on the second layer;

[0074] After the variable pitch slots 43 (1 + y* (Z / p-1)) and 44 (2 + y* (Z / p-1)), variable pitch winding is performed once, the first parallel branch is wound according to the y+1 pitch and enters the 50 (1 + y* (Z / p-1) + y+1) slot, and the second parallel branch is wound according to the y-1 pitch and enters the 49 (2 + y* (Z / p-1) + y-1) slot;

[0075] The pitch is changed in the middle of the layer so that the two branches have the same phase in the second layer. After the above is completed, the full pitch winding is continued in the second layer until it approaches the slot 91 (1 + Zy) and the slot 92 (2 + Zy) of the stator circle, thus completing the first circle winding of the first parallel branch and the second parallel branch;

[0076] Then, slots 91(1+Zy) and 92(2+Zy) of the second layer are connected across the layers at a full distance (y=6) to slots 1 and 2 of the third layer. At this time, the first parallel branch enters slot 2, and the second parallel branch enters slot 1.

[0077] Then continue to cross the layers from the No. 1 slot and No. 2 slot of the third layer to the No. 7 (1+y) slot and No. 8 (2+y) slot of the fourth layer, and then repeat the above process to complete the second circle winding of the first parallel branch and the second parallel branch, with every 2 layers as one circle;

[0078] After completing 2 turns of winding, the next 2 turns (4 layers and 8 layers) are exactly the same as the first two turns. Figure 2 The positions of slots 91(1+Zy) and 92(2+Zy) on the 8th layer;

[0079] The third parallel branch and the fourth parallel branch are respectively wound from slot No. 7 and slot No. 8 of the first layer of the incoming line end according to the pitch 6, until the third parallel branch reaches the variable pitch slot No. 49 and the fourth parallel branch reaches the slot No. 50 (8 + y * (Z / p-1)), and then the variable pitch winding is performed once;

[0080] The third parallel branch is wound according to the pitch of y+1 and enters the slot 56(7+y*(Z / p-1)+y+1), and the fourth parallel branch is wound according to the pitch of y-1 and enters the slot 55(8+y*(Z / p-1)+y-1);

[0081] Then the third parallel branch and the fourth parallel branch enter the slot 1 and slot 2 of the second layer from the slot 91 (1+Zy) and slot 92 (2+Zy) of the first layer respectively at the full pitch (y=6). At this time, the third parallel branch enters the slot 2, and the fourth parallel branch enters the slot 1, thus completing the first winding of the third parallel branch and the fourth parallel branch.

[0082] Then the third parallel branch and the fourth parallel branch continue to cross the layers from the No. 1 slot and the No. 2 slot of the second layer to the No. 7 (1+y) slot and the No. 8 (2+y) slot of the third layer, and then repeat the above process to complete the second winding of the third and fourth branches, and every 2 layers is one circle;

[0083] After completing 2 turns of winding, the next 2 turns (4 layers) are exactly the same as the previous two turns. The final outlet is the 1(7-y) slot and 2(8-y) slot of the 8th layer;

[0084] At this point, the winding of the four parallel branches of the A-phase winding is completed, and the V-phase and W-phase are respectively copied from the U-phase in an array with increasing slot numbers and staggered by 120 electrical degrees and 240 electrical degrees counterclockwise, so that symmetrical V-phase and W-phase windings can be obtained.

[0085] In this scheme, the above winding method can be extended to other drive motor stator windings with q=2 slots per pole per phase, such as 8 poles and 48 slots, corresponding to 4 parallel connections, 8 layers per slot, and full pitch, then y=Z / p=6;

[0086] For example, 12 poles and 72 slots correspond to 4 parallel connections, and each slot has 8 layers. If the full pitch is used, then y = Z / p = 6. For the position of the variable pitch winding part and the position of the cross-layer winding part, the above (C i +y*(Z / p-1)) formula.

[0087] In this scheme, the number of slots per pole per phase is q=2 (such as 48 slots for 8 poles, 72 slots for 12 poles, and 96 slots for 16 poles), the number of parallel branches is 4, the full pitch y=6 (pitch y=pole pitch=6), and the permanent magnet synchronous drive motor with 8 layers of round wire per slot is taken as the object, and continuous wave winding is performed by changing the pitch at a specific position and skipping the layer, so as to solve the problem of unbalanced current between phases and realize multi-way parallel connection;

[0088] In this scheme, the continuous wave winding includes an inlet end, an outlet end and an S-shaped wave winding located between the inlet end and the outlet end. The number of winding layers is 2L, and the pitch is y=6. A skip-layer winding section is provided at the junction of the Lth layer and the L+1th layer of the round wire continuous wave winding. The pitch of each phase conductor group in the skip-layer winding section is y.

[0089] In this scheme, there are 4 parallel branches per phase, and each branch has two cases in the 2L layer: one is layer skipping, where the first parallel branch is layer skipping at the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th layers, and the role of layer skipping is intermediate layer switching;

[0090] The other is the layer where it is located. For example, the first parallel branch is located at the 2nd, 4th, 6th, and 8th layers, which are the actual effective winding layers.

[0091] For each parallel branch, the skip layer and the local layer each account for half and are interlaced with each other. For example, the Lth layer is the skip layer and the L+1th layer is the local layer.

[0092] For each parallel branch, a variable pitch winding section is set in each layer of each branch in the S-wave winding, with a pitch of y+1 or y-1, and the pitches of the variable pitch winding sections in the layer are staggered with each other. For example, if the pitch of the variable pitch winding section in the Lth layer is y+1, then the pitch of the variable pitch winding section in the L+2th layer is y-1. Wherein, L and y are both natural numbers greater than or equal to 1.

[0093] In this solution, large diameter (>1mm) round enameled wire is used to achieve true continuous wave winding. Not only does continuous wave winding not require solder joints, the winding ends are lower, and multi-way parallel connection is achieved through specific variable pitch and cross-layer. At the same time, due to the use of large diameter round wire, it has the advantages of high slot full rate of flat wire, and has higher efficiency and output capacity than traditional small diameter round wire motors. It also has better design flexibility and lower industrialization requirements than flat wire.

[0094] Embodiment 2

[0095] This embodiment provides a motor, including any motor winding of the embodiment 1. The implementation method and beneficial effects of the motor winding are the same as the corresponding contents recorded in the embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0096] Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A motor winding, characterized in that: It includes three-phase coils U, V and W, and each phase coil includes four parallel branches; For a single-phase coil, the first parallel branch and the second parallel branch are configured to be wound on the even-numbered layers, and between two adjacent even-numbered layers, two wire slots on the odd-numbered layers are used to cross the layers; The third parallel branch and the fourth parallel branch are configured to enter the odd-numbered layers, and cross the layers through two cable ducts on the even-numbered layers between two adjacent odd-numbered layers; The inlet ends of the first parallel branch, the second parallel branch, the third parallel branch, and the fourth parallel branch are located in the four wire troughs of the first layer, and the outlet ends are respectively located in the four wire troughs of the last layer; The pitch of the first parallel branch and the second parallel branch is y, and at a specified position in each layer of the corresponding winding, the pitch of the first parallel branch becomes y-1, and the pitch of the second parallel branch becomes y+1; The pitch of the third parallel branch and the fourth parallel branch is y. At a specified position in each layer of the corresponding winding, the pitch of the third parallel branch becomes y-1, and the pitch of the fourth parallel branch becomes y+1.

2. The motor winding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parallel branch is wound with round enameled wire.

3. The motor winding according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the round enameled wire is greater than 1 mm.

4. The motor winding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first parallel branch and the second parallel branch occupy the 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th layers for winding; The third parallel branch and the fourth parallel branch occupy the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th layers for winding.

5. The motor winding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pitch y is set to 6.

6. The motor winding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of slots per pole and per phase is 2.

7. The motor winding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The formula used to determine the specified position is: C i +y×(Z / p-1) In the formula, C i It represents the slot number of the incoming line end of the i-th parallel branch, y represents the pitch, Z represents the number of stator slots, and p represents the number of poles.

8. The motor winding according to claim 6, characterized in that: The number of rotor poles is 16 and the number of stator slots is 96.

9. The motor winding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slot numbers corresponding to each corresponding parallel branch differ by 120 electrical degrees.

10. A motor, characterized in that: The invention comprises the motor winding according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images