Double-layer locking magnetic suspension support and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-layer locking magnetic suspension support and application thereof, and relates to the field of machinery, in particular to a motor technology. Comprising a supporting device; a magnet mechanism is arranged on the supporting device and is called as a fixed magnet mechanism; the rotating mechanism rotates relative to the supporting device, and a magnet mechanism which repels the fixed magnet mechanism and is called as a floating magnet mechanism is arranged on the rotating mechanism; the floating magnet mechanism and the fixed magnet mechanism are arranged around the rotating axis of the rotating mechanism; in the floating magnet mechanism and the fixed magnet mechanism, the number of one mechanism is two, the two mechanisms are arranged in a two-layer structure, and at least part of magnets of the other mechanism are clamped between the two-layer structure; the two mechanisms of the two-layer structure and the other mechanism oppositely clamped between the two mechanisms have magnetic force repelling the other mechanism. The suspension tendency is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of mechanics, and in particular to magnetic technology. Background Art

[0002] Electric machines include generators and motors. A large part of the energy loss and noise of generators and motors comes from the friction of the rotor. In order to reduce the friction of the rotor, people have applied technologies such as magnetic suspension bearings, air suspension bearings, and oil suspension bearings to design magnetic suspension motors (including generators and motors), air suspension motors (including generators and motors), and even oil suspension motors (including generators and motors).

[0003] The suspension bearings of these motors (including generators and motors) require additional energy consumption and complex auxiliary equipment for work support.

[0004] For example, the magnetic levitation motor is used to precisely control the magnetic levitation bearing, which requires a complex frequency conversion system that can transmit signals at high speed and respond to electromagnetic changes.

[0005] Air suspension motors require a larger air compressor system to provide working support.

[0006] Oil-suspended motors require a larger hydraulic press system to provide working support.

[0007] These motors (including generators and motors) require additional energy supply, so if there is a power outage when rotating at high speed, there will be a risk of damage.

[0008] Therefore, although magnetic levitation motors, air levitation motors, and oil levitation motors reduce friction, energy consumption, and noise, they have complex auxiliary equipment, so they have problems such as large size and high cost, as well as risks of power outages and damage.

[0009] A system is needed which has the advantages of more stable suspension, lower cost and lower energy consumption in terms of comprehensive performance.

[0010] This system is independent of the bearing and can work completely on its own or provide performance supplementary to the bearing.

[0011] The above problems also exist in other rotating mechanical structures. Summary of the invention

[0012] The purpose of the invention is to provide a double-layer locking magnetic suspension support to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0013] The technical problem solved by the invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0014] The double-layer locking magnetic suspension support is characterized by comprising a support device;

[0015] The support device is provided with a magnet mechanism, which is called a fixed magnet mechanism;

[0016] It also includes a rotating mechanism that rotates relative to the supporting device, and the rotating mechanism is provided with a magnetic mechanism that repels the fixed magnetic mechanism, which is called a floating magnetic mechanism;

[0017] The floating magnet mechanism and the fixed magnet mechanism are both arranged around the rotation axis of the rotating mechanism;

[0018] Among the floating magnet mechanism and the fixed magnet mechanism, two of one of the mechanisms are provided, and the two mechanisms are arranged in a two-layer structure, and at least part of the magnet of the other mechanism is sandwiched between the two layers of structure;

[0019] The two mechanisms of the two-layer structure each have a magnetic force that repels the other mechanism sandwiched between them.

[0020] Because the two mechanisms of the two-layer structure have a magnetic force that repels the other mechanism sandwiched between them, the other mechanism has a mechanical tendency to stabilize in the middle of the two mechanisms of the two-layer structure. In this coordinate direction, it has a tendency to suspend.

[0021] “At least part of the magnets of another mechanism are sandwiched between the two layers of structure” is not limited to being entirely located between the two side structures, but at least part of the magnets of another mechanism are sandwiched between the two layers of structure.

[0022] In the above design, the gravity of the floating magnet mechanism and its connecting parts or the reaction force during the working process are not eliminated blindly by the magnetic field. Instead, a two-layer structure is set to provide forces in two directions. According to the conventional design idea, one of the two-layer structure plays a reaction role, which is not conducive to enhancing the overall magnetic strength. However, the inventors did the opposite, overcame technical prejudice, and achieved the technical effect of precise limiting.

[0023] The two mechanisms of the two-layer structure both produce a repulsive magnetic force on the other mechanism, which makes the two mechanisms of the two-layer structure closer to each other at the same time, causing the magnetic field to have a large mechanical correction fluctuation within a small distance range, which is conducive to the realization of precise limit correction through the magnetic field. When a small distance offset occurs, a strong magnetic field correction force can be generated, which is more sensitive to the correction of displacement, with higher accuracy, faster response speed and greater recovery force. It has the characteristics of small shaking amplitude and fast correction speed. It has the advantages of stable operation, low noise and large bearing capacity when used in machinery.

[0024] The two mechanisms of the two-layer structure are respectively close to two surfaces of another mechanism, and the distance between them is greater than 0.2 mm and less than 3 mm.

[0025] The range of greater than 0.2mm and less than 3mm is a range where the intensity of the magnetic field varies more due to the distance relationship. It is also easy to machine other auxiliary components and avoid friction caused by slight shaking.

[0026] In the two mechanisms of the two-layer structure and the other mechanism, one of the mechanisms includes two permanent magnet rings; a gap is provided between the two permanent magnet rings,

[0027] The magnet in the other relatively rotating mechanism and the two permanent magnet rings repel each other, and the low point of the resultant force of the two repulsive forces is located between the two permanent magnet rings.

[0028] Through this design, the position of the two-layer structure and another mechanism in another coordinate direction is relatively fixed, further improving the stability of the system.

[0029] The permanent magnet ring can be a one-piece ring or a ring composed of spliced ​​permanent magnets.

[0030] Two designs using two permanent magnet rings:

[0031] (1) Both layers of the structure use two permanent magnet rings.

[0032] The two mechanisms of the two-layer structure each include two permanent magnet rings; a gap is provided between the two permanent magnet rings, the magnet in the other mechanism and the two permanent magnet rings repel each other, and the low point of the resultant force of the two repulsive forces is located between the two permanent magnet rings.

[0033] Through this design, the position of the two-layer structure and another mechanism in another coordinate direction is relatively fixed, further improving the stability of the system.

[0034] (2) Another mechanism uses two permanent magnet rings.

[0035] Alternatively, another mechanism includes two permanent magnet rings; a gap is provided between the two permanent magnet rings, the magnets in the two mechanisms of the two-layer structure repel each other from the two permanent magnet rings, and the low point of the resultant force of the two repulsive forces is located between the two permanent magnet rings.

[0036] Through this design, the position of the two-layer structure and another mechanism in another coordinate direction is relatively fixed, further improving the stability of the system.

[0037] Solution to enhance the magnetic field strength of two permanent magnet rings:

[0038] (1) Enhance the magnetic field through a magnetic conductive mechanism.

[0039] Furthermore, the two permanent magnet rings have different magnetic poles oriented in opposite directions relative to the magnets in the other mechanism;

[0040] The two magnetic poles of the magnet in the other relatively rotating mechanism are respectively facing the two permanent magnet rings, and are in a state of repulsion;

[0041] A magnetic conductive mechanism is arranged on one side of the two permanent magnet rings facing away from the magnets in the other mechanism that rotates relatively, and the magnetic conductive mechanism connects the magnetic fields of the two permanent magnets.

[0042] The magnetic field on the back side of the two permanent magnet rings is turned on, thereby enhancing the magnetic field strength in the front.

[0043] (2) Strengthen the magnetic field by auxiliary permanent magnets.

[0044] An annular auxiliary permanent magnet is arranged between the two permanent magnet rings;

[0045] The auxiliary permanent magnet is arranged in such a way that two magnetic poles are attracted to the magnetic poles on one side of the magnet in another mechanism that rotates relatively to the two permanent magnet rings.

[0046] Through the auxiliary permanent magnet, the magnetic field conduction flux on the back side of the two permanent magnet rings is increased, thereby enhancing the magnetic field strength in the front.

[0047] Two layout schemes for two-layer structures:

[0048] (1) Front and rear arrangement along the axial direction:

[0049] The two mechanisms of the two-layer structure are arranged front and back along the axial direction, and the other mechanism is arranged between the two layers of structure. The other mechanism is arranged between the two layers of structure, which is a hierarchical position relationship.

[0050] The two-layer structure allows magnetic rings with the same radius to be arranged front and back.

[0051] (2) Inner and outer layers are stacked:

[0052] The two-layer structure adopts an inner and outer layer stacking structure, and another mechanism is set between the two layers. Another mechanism is set between the two layers, which is a hierarchical position relationship.

[0053] The two-layer structure allows for magnetic rings with a larger radius and a smaller radius to be stacked.

[0054] Solution for independently setting up electromagnets in fixed magnet mechanisms:

[0055] The fixed magnet mechanism adopts an independent electromagnet, or an electromagnet is added on the basis of the permanent magnet. The specific technical solution is as follows.

[0056] The electromagnet is connected to an electromagnetic driving circuit for driving and controlling the electromagnet, and a sensor for detecting the position of the floating magnet mechanism is also connected to the signal input end of the electromagnetic driving circuit.

[0057] In the above design, the position change or angle change of the floating magnet mechanism will cause the signal output of the sensor (Hall sensor can be used) to change, which will then cause the electromagnetic drive circuit to respond, realize the control change of the electromagnet, generate the magnetic field change, and then generate the force change on the floating magnet mechanism through the magnetic field change, so that the floating magnet mechanism is corrected to the correct position.

[0058] In the above design, the fixed magnet mechanism is set as a magnetic force controllable system driven and controlled by the electromagnetic drive circuit. Therefore, the force on the rotor shaft can be adjusted by controlling the magnetic force. This allows the height of the rotor shaft to be adjusted, and even the tilt direction. This enables timely feedback response to different forces on the rotor. Timely adjustments can be made to maintain the optimal dynamic operating state in a timely manner.

[0059] As for the electromagnetic drive circuit, it can be realized by using a multi-stage amplification integrated circuit and an auxiliary circuit. It is only necessary to set the amplification ratio and select the amplification logic relationship according to the position of the sensor.

[0060] The electromagnetic drive circuit can be composed of CD4069 multi-stage amplifier integrated circuit, plus auxiliary devices such as resistors, capacitors, power amplifiers, etc. The Hall sensor can be OH137 or 44E.

[0061] The electromagnets controlled by the electromagnetic driving circuit are allowed to be arranged on one plane, and only three electromagnets are allowed to be arranged in number.

[0062] Furthermore, the fixed magnet mechanism preferably adopts a combined structure of a permanent magnet and an electromagnet.

[0063] The main magnetic support is achieved through permanent magnets, and the output control of smaller correction forces is achieved through electromagnets.

[0064] In this way, the current that maintains the magnetic field can be reduced, and the rotor will not impact the stator or other components after a power outage.

[0065] In addition, because only electromagnets are used for correction, the electromagnet current is allowed to be smaller, thus providing a favorable basis for high-speed adjustment and rapid response of the magnetic field.

[0066] Specific embodiment 1: structure using a two-layer floating magnet mechanism

[0067] A structure of two layers of floating magnet mechanisms is adopted, and at least part of the magnets of the fixed magnet mechanism are sandwiched between the two layers of floating magnet mechanisms;

[0068] The two layers of floating magnet mechanisms both generate a repulsive magnetic force on the fixed magnet mechanism sandwiched therebetween.

[0069] One design is:

[0070] The two-layer floating magnet mechanism adopts a structure arranged front and back along the axial direction, and the fixed magnet mechanism is arranged between the two-layer floating magnet mechanism.

[0071] The two-layer floating magnet mechanism allows magnetic rings with the same radius to be arranged front and back.

[0072] Another design is:

[0073] The two-layer floating magnet mechanism adopts a structure of inner and outer layers stacked together, and the fixed magnet mechanism is arranged between the two-layer floating magnet mechanisms.

[0074] The two-layer floating magnet structure allows for magnetic rings with a larger and a smaller radius to be stacked.

[0075] Specific embodiment 2: structure using two layers of fixed magnet mechanism

[0076] A structure with two layers of fixed magnet mechanisms is adopted, and the floating magnet mechanism is sandwiched between the two layers of fixed magnet mechanisms;

[0077] The two layers of fixed magnet mechanisms both generate a repulsive magnetic force on the floating magnet mechanism sandwiched therebetween.

[0078] This design helps to reduce the weight of the floating magnet mechanism and reduce the centrifugal force caused during rotation.

[0079] One design is:

[0080] The two layers of fixed magnet mechanisms adopt a structure arranged front and back along the axial direction, and the floating magnet mechanism is arranged between the two layers of fixed magnet mechanisms.

[0081] The two-layer fixed magnet mechanism allows magnetic rings with the same radius and arranged front and back.

[0082] Another design is:

[0083] The two-layer fixed magnet mechanism adopts a structure of inner and outer layers stacked together, and the floating magnet mechanism is arranged between the two-layer fixed magnet mechanism.

[0084] The two-layer fixed magnet structure allows for magnetic rings with a larger radius and a smaller radius to be arranged in layers.

[0085] A motor supported by double-layer locking magnetic suspension includes a motor system, wherein the motor system includes a motor housing, a stator, and a rotor, and is characterized in that:

[0086] The motor system is provided with a double-layer locking magnetic suspension support;

[0087] Double-layer locking magnetic suspension support, including a support device;

[0088] The support device is provided with a magnet mechanism, which is called a fixed magnet mechanism;

[0089] It also includes a rotating mechanism that rotates relative to the supporting device, and the rotating mechanism is provided with a magnetic mechanism that repels the fixed magnetic mechanism, which is called a floating magnetic mechanism;

[0090] The floating magnet mechanism and the fixed magnet mechanism are both arranged around the rotation axis of the rotating mechanism;

[0091] Among the floating magnet mechanism and the fixed magnet mechanism, two of one of the mechanisms are provided, and the two mechanisms are arranged in a two-layer structure, and at least part of the magnet of the other mechanism is sandwiched between the two layers of structure;

[0092] The two mechanisms of the two-layer structure both generate a repulsive magnetic force on the other mechanism sandwiched between them;

[0093] The supporting device and rotating mechanism of the double-layer locked magnetic suspension support adopt the following structure of the motor system, the supporting device adopts at least one of the motor housing and the stator, and the rotating mechanism adopts the rotor.

[0094] The floating magnet mechanism can be directly or indirectly arranged on the rotor to provide support force for the rotor.

[0095] The electric machine system can be a generator system or a motor system.

[0096] The stator is arranged in the motor housing;

[0097] The rotor is placed vertically, and is provided with a rotor shaft, and the rotor shaft is in a vertical working state;

[0098] A support bearing for supporting the weight of the rotor is directly or indirectly arranged between the rotor and the motor housing; a base for fixing the motor to be placed vertically is arranged below the motor housing.

[0099] The rotor can be an inner rotor or an outer rotor. Moreover, the rotor can preferably be a permanent magnet rotor.

[0100] In conventional motor designs, especially large motor designs, the motor's rotor is placed horizontally, that is, the rotor is allowed to rotate while lying down.

[0101] Through a large number of tests and actual use, researchers have verified that this conventional design can make the area bearing the weight of the rotor larger, making it easier to balance the force, and can bear the weight of the rotor well and in a balanced manner. Moreover, when the rotor outputs force, it is also more balanced and less likely to shake. It can output stronger radial force.

[0102] In this patent, the conventional design is no longer used, but the vertical rotor design is adopted. This design will make the weight of the heavier rotor be applied in the axial direction of the rotor.

[0103] Generally speaking, the length of the rotor is greater than the diameter, especially for permanent magnet rotors. Therefore, compared with conventional designs, the design in this patent will weaken the rotor's force bearing strength, stability and other parameters from a mechanical point of view. In addition, compared with the radial force of the rotor, the output stability is also reduced.

[0104] The inventors have found that when placed vertically, the friction force of a permanent magnet motor, especially a permanent magnet brushless motor, during rotation mostly comes from the pressure on the bearing. This pressure consists of two parts: one is the gravity of the motor itself, and the other is the external force or reaction force when outputting power.

[0105] Traditional magnetic levitation motors, air levitation motors, and oil levitation motors all use electromagnetic force, high-pressure air film, and high-pressure oil film to suspend the built-in rotor as horizontally as possible when the motor is placed horizontally.

[0106] Although this design reduces the unit area of ​​the rotor, it increases the force-bearing surface. A large force-bearing surface is more difficult to balance.

[0107] The design of this patent has many shortcomings in conventional motor application environments, but it has significant technical effects in specific application scenarios.

[0108] The design of this patent has outstanding technical effects and substantial technical progress in working scenarios where the axial thrust or suction is large and the radial force is relatively balanced.

[0109] In an environment with large axial thrust, the design of conventional motors or generators will increase the bearing force due to the compression of the thrust, resulting in greater rotational resistance.

[0110] Especially, in high-speed high-power motors or generators, this thrust is much greater than the weight of the rotor. According to conventional designs, there will be disadvantages in this special operating environment.

[0111] The design of this patent can operate with low friction or even no friction under such working conditions.

[0112] A double-layer locked magnetic suspension support is provided between the rotor shaft and the motor housing for generating a force to push the rotor away from the support bearing;

[0113] The thrust generated by the double-layer locked magnetic levitation support is greater than three-fifths of the rotor's gravity.

[0114] In this patent, not only the unfavorable factors in the special operating environment are taken into consideration, but also the combined force of gravity and thrust is partially or completely overcome by the magnetic field, thereby greatly reducing friction, reducing energy consumption, and improving efficiency; reducing wear, reducing failure rate, reducing noise, and increasing service life.

[0115] Furthermore, the thrust generated by the double-layer locked magnetic levitation support is less than or equal to the resultant force of the rotor's gravity and the force generated during operation; and greater than four-fifths of the resultant force of the rotor's gravity and the force generated during operation.

[0116] Ensure that the thrust generated by the double-layer locked magnetic suspension support does not completely push away the rotor. This design is preferred when the support bearing is a mechanical bearing. Avoid generating reverse pressure on the support bearing, which will generate additional friction.

[0117] Furthermore, the rotor is linked to a working component that generates a downward force to rotate;

[0118] The thrust generated by the double-layer locked magnetic suspension support is greater than the rotor gravity, but less than or equal to the combined force of the rotor gravity and the force generated during operation.

[0119] The force generated when the rotor is running can be a downward thrust or an upward pull.

[0120] When the working parts rotate, a downward thrust is generated. The resulting force causes the rotor to move downward, thereby reducing some of the pressure on the support bearings or even completely eliminating the pressure.

[0121] A fluid driving component is mounted on the rotor shaft of the rotor, which serves as a working component and allows fluid to flow into the rotor from the side and push out the fluid axially.

[0122] Alternatively, a fluid driving component is mounted on the rotor shaft of the rotor, which allows the fluid to flow in axially and push out the fluid laterally, as a working component.

[0123] By concentrating the working force on the axial direction of the rotor, the force on the side of the rotor is balanced as much as possible, reducing or even avoiding the generation of lateral pressure, thereby reducing friction, allowing the speed to be increased to a very high level and reducing noise.

[0124] It is also possible to generate an upward pulling force in other driving modes, such as when the fluid impacts the working part upward from below to make it do work, or when the fluid is pushed downward.

[0125] The working component may be an axial fluid driving component, specifically, an axial airflow or fluid driving component in a propeller, a turbine, or a scroll. Other forms of axial airflow or fluid driving components may also be used.

[0126] When the motor is an electric motor, the working part may be a propeller, a turbine, a vortex disk, or other working parts that drive the fluid to flow. When the working part pushes the fluid to move upward, it will generate a downward reaction force.

[0127] In the prior art, a scroll may be used in a scroll compressor as a fluid driving component.

[0128] When the motor is a generator, the working part may be a vortex disk, a propeller, a turbine, or other working parts driven by the flow of fluid. When the working part is impacted downward by the fluid, a downward force may be generated.

[0129] It also includes a flow guide device, in which the working component is sleeved;

[0130] The flow guide device is provided with two openings, one for air inlet and the other for air outlet;

[0131] One type of opening is a vertically upward opening, and the vertically upward opening is located above the working component.

[0132] Furthermore, it is preferred that an upward flow guide tube at least 20 cm high is provided at the opening.

[0133] The height can be calculated from the upper edge of the working part. The flow guide pipe is directed upward within a height of 20 cm. After exceeding a height of at least 20 cm, the flow direction of the flow guide pipe is allowed to change.

[0134] By setting up the high guide pipe, whether the air is sucked in or discharged from the top, the air flow can be kept relatively stable when it is close to the working parts, thus avoiding the uneven force on each side of the working parts.

[0135] A mixing flow mechanism can be provided in front of the air inlet and the air outlet to make the inlet and outlet air flows mix and evenly distribute the pressure on each side.

[0136] The flow mixing mechanism may be a spiral tube, a propeller or other mechanisms that can mix the airflow evenly.

[0137] Specific embodiment of setting permanent magnetic bearing on rotor shaft:

[0138] A permanent magnetic bearing is also provided, which includes an outer magnetic ring and an inner magnetic ring which is nested in the outer magnetic ring and has magnetic repulsion; a gap is provided between the outer magnetic ring and the inner magnetic ring;

[0139] The outer magnetic ring is fixed on one of the stator and the motor housing, and the inner magnetic ring is arranged on the rotor shaft.

[0140] By setting up permanent magnetic bearings, the rotor shaft can be stabilized and can achieve contact-free and friction-free rotation with the stator.

[0141] Permanent magnetic bearings can be arranged at two positions, the upper position and the lower position of the rotor shaft.

[0142] High stability is achieved and shaking is limited by two permanent magnetic bearings.

[0143] Alternatively, a permanent magnetic bearing is arranged on the upper part of the rotor shaft, and another permanent magnetic bearing is arranged at the support bearing.

[0144] It is even possible to integrate the support bearing and the permanent magnetic bearing into a single structure.

[0145] Specific embodiment 1 of the support bearing structure:

[0146] Furthermore, the thrust generated by the double-locked magnetic suspension support is equal to the combined force of the rotor's gravity and the force generated during operation;

[0147] The support bearing is a magnetic support bearing; the magnetic support bearing comprises two repelling magnets, one magnet is a magnet located at the bottom, and the other magnet is a permanent magnet located above the magnet and fixed on the rotor shaft.

[0148] The two repelling magnets are separated by repulsion, thereby reducing or even eliminating friction.

[0149] The magnetic support bearing has a mechanical self-balancing function within the set range. It allows the double-layer locking magnetic suspension support to automatically adjust to a state where the thrust and the resultant force are equal within a certain range. In this case, it is allowed to be in a working state with no mechanical friction at all. It allows extremely high-speed operation.

[0150] The support bearing is a magnetic support bearing, which can be a permanent magnetic bearing or an electromagnetic bearing.

[0151] It should be noted that the magnetic support bearing is not only provided with these two magnets, but also may be provided with other auxiliary structures.

[0152] Furthermore, the magnetic support bearing further comprises a sliding sleeve body, the sliding sleeve body is fixed on the motor housing, and the magnet at the bottom is arranged below the sliding sleeve body;

[0153] The permanent magnet fixed on the rotor shaft is sleeved in the sliding sleeve to form an up-and-down sliding connection.

[0154] Further, the magnetic force supports two repelling magnets of the bearing, one magnet is an electromagnet located at the bottom, and the other magnet is a permanent magnet located above the electromagnet and fixed on the rotor shaft;

[0155] The electromagnet is also connected to a magnetic force control circuit, and the magnetic force control circuit is also connected to a magnetic force sensor for detecting the magnetic force of the permanent magnet.

[0156] The magnetic sensor can be arranged at a position above the height of the permanent magnet on the rotor shaft.

[0157] When the permanent magnet moves upward and approaches the magnetic sensor beyond the amplitude, the magnetic sensor sensing signal is enhanced, and the magnetic force of the electromagnet is reduced through the magnetic control circuit, thereby shortening the distance the permanent magnet is pushed away, thereby causing the rotor shaft to return downward.

[0158] When the permanent magnet moves downward and away from the magnetic sensor beyond the amplitude, the induction signal of the magnetic sensor weakens, and the magnetic force of the electromagnet is enhanced through the magnetic control circuit, thereby increasing the distance the permanent magnet is pushed away, thereby causing the rotor axis to return upward.

[0159] Then, through the dynamic adjustment of the magnetic control circuit and the control of the rotor shaft, the height position of the rotor in the stator can be relatively fixed, or even kept suspended for a long time, so that the entire motor is in an ideal operating state.

[0160] In this patent, the magnetic sensor is placed above the permanent magnet, rather than below it, which can effectively avoid the influence of the magnetic field of the electromagnet below. This improves the control accuracy. The magnetic sensor can be a Hall sensor.

[0161] As for the magnetic force control circuit, it can be realized by using a multi-stage amplification integrated circuit and an auxiliary circuit. It is only necessary to set the amplification ratio and select the amplification logic relationship according to the position of the magnetic sensor.

[0162] The magnetic force control circuit can be composed of CD4069 multi-stage amplifier integrated circuit, and auxiliary devices such as resistors, capacitors, power amplifiers, etc. The Hall sensor can be OH137 or 44E.

[0163] The difficulty of implementing the magnetic control circuit is greatly reduced compared to the high-frequency suspension control circuit system of the magnetic levitation motor, and the possibility of loss of control is smaller and the stability is higher.

[0164] A limiting mechanism for limiting the sliding range may be provided between the rotor shaft and the support bearing.

[0165] Specific embodiment 2 of the support bearing structure:

[0166] Furthermore, the thrust generated by the double-locked magnetic suspension support is equal to the combined force of the rotor's gravity and the force generated during operation;

[0167] The supporting bearing adopts a rotary bearing with a sliding structure;

[0168] The rolling bearing includes an outer ring, a rolling element, and an inner ring;

[0169] The outer ring is directly or indirectly fixedly connected to the motor housing, and the inner ring is slidably connected to the rotor shaft up and down.

[0170] In the above design, a support bearing that allows up and down sliding is provided. By allowing the rotor shaft to slide up and down relative to the support bearing, the double-layer locked magnetic suspension support is allowed to automatically adjust to a state where the above thrust and resultant force are equal within a certain range.

[0171] This allows for an almost complete absence of mechanical friction, allowing extremely high speeds.

[0172] Moreover, compared with the design scheme using magnetic support bearings, it has the characteristics of low cost, simple production process, high radial stability, and allows relatively high radial force output.

[0173] However, it should be noted that this design does not completely eliminate mechanical friction. The no-load running speed is slightly lower than that of the solution using magnetic support bearings.

[0174] An up-and-down sliding structure is used between the rotor shaft and the inner ring to limit the speed difference.

[0175] By limiting the speed difference, sliding in the rotational direction between the rotor shaft and the inner ring is avoided, and problems such as wear, heat, and noise caused by relative sliding friction are avoided.

[0176] The up and down sliding structure that limits the speed difference can be that the connection between the rotor shaft and the inner ring adopts a columnar structure with a non-circular cross-section, and the inner side of the inner ring adopts a structure that allows the columnar structure to be inserted and slides, but limits the relative rotation range.

[0177] For example, the cross section of the rotor shaft may be elliptical, and the inner side of the inner ring may also be elliptical; the cross section may be triangular, and the inner side of the inner ring may also be triangular; the cross section may be quadrilateral, and the inner side of the inner ring may also be quadrilateral.

[0178] Preferably, the cross section of the rotor shaft is elliptical, and the inner side of the inner ring is also elliptical.

[0179] Avoid excessive load-bearing at sharp corners to avoid wear and tear, ensure long-term smoothness and increase service life.

[0180] A limiting mechanism for limiting the sliding range is arranged between the rotor shaft and the support bearing.

[0181] Avoid the problem that the rotor shaft, due to the force generated during operation, the thrust generated by the magnetic field, or other forces, has excessive relative movement with the stator, which affects the operation of the equipment.

[0182] A limiting mechanism for limiting the sliding amplitude is arranged between the rotor shaft and the inner ring of the support bearing, and an elastic mechanism is arranged between the rotor shaft and the support bearing.

[0183] Through the elastic mechanism, the force generated during operation, the thrust generated by the magnetic field, or other forces are flexibly compensated. This prevents the rotor shaft from being displaced significantly due to force fluctuations. It also prevents the rotor shaft from colliding with the support bearing due to force fluctuations, ensuring smooth operation of the equipment and the safety of the support bearings.

[0184] The limiting mechanism includes a stopper arranged on the rotor shaft, and the stopper is used to prevent the rotor shaft from excessively sliding through the inner ring.

[0185] An elastic mechanism is also provided between the rotor shaft and the inner ring. One end of the elastic mechanism is fixedly connected to one of the rotor shaft and the inner ring; the other end is allowed to be in a state of not contacting the other in a working state.

[0186] When not in contact with one another, pressure on the inner ring can be avoided.

[0187] For example, the elastic mechanism using a spring structure may be a spring structure, one end of which is fixed on the rotor shaft; the other end is provided with a sleeve ring which is sleeved on the rotor shaft and allows sliding, and the sleeve ring is a structure that limits the passage through the inner ring.

[0188] Arranging the spring structure on the rotor shaft instead of the inner ring can avoid friction caused by relative shaking between the rotor shaft and the inner ring.

[0189] The spring structure is set on the rotor shaft, and a collar is used to limit the shaking of the other end, so that the spring structure is relatively stable when rotating at high speed.

[0190] Yes, the inner ring can be used as a limiting component of the limiting mechanism.

[0191] Because the collar is a structure that limits the passage through the inner ring, when the rotor shaft moves more, the collar presses against the inner ring to generate a reaction force to achieve flexible limiting. When the rotor shaft moves too much, further limiting is achieved due to the continued increase in elasticity.

[0192] Furthermore, the elastic mechanism may also be an elastic mechanism composed of two repelling magnets; one of the two repelling magnets is fixed on the rotor shaft, and the other is fixed on the inner ring.

[0193] When the rotor shaft moves more, the two repelling magnets increase the reaction force to achieve flexible limit. It is preferred to set a limit component on the rotor shaft, such as a limit stopper, to prevent the magnets from colliding.

[0194] This elastic mechanism composed of two repelling magnets can prevent the spring from shaking under high-speed rotation, and avoid wear and noise caused by the shaking between the rotor shaft and the inner ring due to high-speed rotation.

[0195] In addition, it is also allowed to be applied when the rotor is subjected to an upward force (such as a pulling force) from the working part. When the rotor is subjected to a pulling force, some reverse settings can be performed according to the above description of this patent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0196] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional layout of a motor that uses double-layer locked magnetic levitation support.

[0197] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a double-layer locked magnetic suspension support that uses two external permanent magnet rings to fix the magnet mechanism.

[0198] Figure 3 The cross-sectional diagram of a double-layer locked magnetic suspension support using an external permanent magnet ring to fix the magnet mechanism.

[0199] Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of a double-layer locked magnetic suspension support with a two-layer fixed magnet mechanism adopting an inner and outer layer stacked structure.

[0200] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a double-layer locked magnetic suspension support using a floating magnet mechanism with two permanent magnet rings and magnetic fields facing the same direction.

[0201] Figure 6 A schematic cross-sectional view of a double-layer locked magnetic suspension support with a two-layer floating magnet mechanism having an inner and outer layer stacked structure.

[0202] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of two permanent magnet rings coaxially nested. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0203] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further explained below with reference to specific diagrams.

[0204] Reference Figures 1 to 7, a double-layer locked magnetic suspension support 5 includes a support device 10; a magnet mechanism is arranged on the support device 10, called a fixed magnet mechanism 8; it also includes a rotating mechanism 11 that rotates relative to the support device 10, and a magnet mechanism that repels the fixed magnet mechanism 8 is arranged on the rotating mechanism 11, called a floating magnet mechanism 9; the floating magnet mechanism 9 and the fixed magnet mechanism 8 are both arranged around the rotation axis of the rotating mechanism 11; among the floating magnet mechanism 9 and the fixed magnet mechanism 8, one of the mechanisms is provided with two, and the two mechanisms are arranged in a two-layer structure, and at least part of the magnet of the other mechanism is sandwiched between the two layers of structure; the two mechanisms of the two-layer structure have a magnetic force that repels the other mechanism sandwiched between them.

[0205] Because the two mechanisms of the two-layer structure have a magnetic force that repels the other mechanism sandwiched between them, the other mechanism has a mechanical tendency to stabilize in the middle of the two mechanisms of the two-layer structure. In this coordinate direction, it has a tendency to suspend.

[0206] “At least part of the magnets of another mechanism are sandwiched between the two layers of structure” is not limited to being entirely located between the two side structures, but at least part of the magnets of another mechanism are sandwiched between the two layers of structure.

[0207] In the above design, the gravity of the floating magnet mechanism 9 and its connecting parts or the reaction force during the working process are not eliminated blindly by the magnetic field. Instead, a two-layer structure is set to provide forces in two directions. According to the conventional design idea, one of the two-layer structure plays a reaction role, which is not conducive to enhancing the overall magnetic strength. However, the inventors have done the opposite, overcome technical prejudices, and achieved the technical effect of precise limiting.

[0208] The two mechanisms of the two-layer structure both produce a repulsive magnetic force on the other mechanism, which makes the two mechanisms of the two-layer structure closer to each other at the same time, causing the magnetic field to have a large mechanical correction fluctuation within a small distance range, which is conducive to the realization of precise limit correction through the magnetic field. When a small distance offset occurs, a strong magnetic field correction force can be generated, which is more sensitive to the correction of displacement, with higher accuracy, faster response speed and greater recovery force. It has the characteristics of small shaking amplitude and fast correction speed. It has the advantages of stable operation, low noise and large bearing capacity when used in machinery.

[0209] The two mechanisms of the two-layer structure are respectively close to two surfaces of another mechanism, and the distance between them is greater than 0.2 mm and less than 3 mm.

[0210] The range of greater than 0.2mm and less than 3mm is a range where the intensity of the magnetic field varies more due to the distance relationship. It is also easy to machine other auxiliary components and avoid friction caused by slight shaking.

[0211] In the two mechanisms of the two-layer structure and the other mechanism, one of the mechanisms includes two permanent magnet rings; a gap is provided between the two permanent magnet rings,

[0212] The magnet in the other relatively rotating mechanism and the two permanent magnet rings repel each other, and the low point of the resultant force of the two repulsive forces is located between the two permanent magnet rings.

[0213] Through this design, the position of the two-layer structure and another mechanism in another coordinate direction is relatively fixed, further improving the stability of the system.

[0214] The permanent magnet ring can be a one-piece ring or a ring composed of spliced ​​permanent magnets.

[0215] Two designs using two permanent magnet rings:

[0216] (1) Both layers of the structure use two permanent magnet rings.

[0217] Reference Figures 1 to 7 , two mechanisms of a two-layer structure, each mechanism includes two permanent magnet rings; a gap is provided between the two permanent magnet rings, the magnet in the other mechanism and the two permanent magnet rings are repelling each other, and the low point of the resultant force of the two repelling forces is located between the two permanent magnet rings.

[0218] Through this design, the position of the two-layer structure and another mechanism in another coordinate direction is relatively fixed, further improving the stability of the system.

[0219] Reference Figure 7 The lower structure of the fixed magnet mechanism 8 includes two permanent magnet rings, one is a large magnetic ring c1, and the other is a small magnetic ring c2, which are coaxially nested; and the inner diameter of the large magnetic ring c1 is larger than the outer diameter of the small magnetic ring c2, and there is a gap; the floating magnet mechanism 9 is located above the gap; the floating magnet mechanism 9 and the two permanent magnet rings repel each other.

[0220] Figure 7 , the oblique line shaded part is used to distinguish the magnetic poles. For example, the upper part of the large magnetic ring c1 in the two permanent magnet rings is the oblique line shaded part, indicating that the polarity of the upper part is different from that of the lower part. The outer side of the floating magnet mechanism 9 is the oblique line shaded part, indicating that the polarity of the outer side is different from that of the inner side. It means that the polarity of the outer side of the floating magnet mechanism 9 is the same as that of the upper part of the large magnetic ring c1, and the magnetic force relationship is repulsive.

[0221] (2) Another mechanism uses two permanent magnet rings.

[0222] Alternatively, another mechanism includes two permanent magnet rings; a gap is provided between the two permanent magnet rings, the magnets in the two mechanisms of the two-layer structure repel each other from the two permanent magnet rings, and the low point of the resultant force of the two repulsive forces is located between the two permanent magnet rings.

[0223] Through this design, the position of the two-layer structure and another mechanism in another coordinate direction is relatively fixed, further improving the stability of the system.

[0224] Solution to enhance the magnetic field strength of two permanent magnet rings:

[0225] (1) The magnetic field is enhanced by the magnetic conductive mechanism d.

[0226] Furthermore, the two permanent magnet rings have different magnetic poles oriented in opposite directions relative to the magnets in the other mechanism;

[0227] The two magnetic poles of the magnet in the other relatively rotating mechanism are respectively facing the two permanent magnet rings, and are in a state of repulsion;

[0228] A magnetic conductive mechanism d is provided on the side of the two permanent magnet rings facing away from the magnets in the other mechanism that rotates relatively. The magnetic conductive mechanism d connects the magnetic fields of the two permanent magnets.

[0229] The magnetic field on the back side of the two permanent magnet rings is turned on, thereby enhancing the magnetic field strength in the front.

[0230] (2) The magnetic field is enhanced by auxiliary permanent magnet c.

[0231] An annular auxiliary permanent magnet c is arranged between the two permanent magnet rings;

[0232] The auxiliary permanent magnet c is arranged in such a way that the two magnetic poles are attracted to the magnetic poles on one side of the magnet in the other mechanism that rotates relatively to the two permanent magnet rings.

[0233] The auxiliary permanent magnet c increases the magnetic flux of the magnetic field on the back side of the two permanent magnet rings, thereby enhancing the magnetic field strength in the front.

[0234] Two layout schemes for two-layer structures:

[0235] (1) Front and rear arrangement along the axial direction:

[0236] The two mechanisms of the two-layer structure are arranged front and back along the axial direction, and the other mechanism is arranged between the two layers of structure. The other mechanism is arranged between the two layers of structure, which is a hierarchical position relationship.

[0237] The two-layer structure allows magnetic rings with the same radius to be arranged front and back.

[0238] (2) Inner and outer layers are stacked:

[0239] The two-layer structure adopts an inner and outer layer stacking structure, and another mechanism is set between the two layers. Another mechanism is set between the two layers, which is a hierarchical position relationship.

[0240] The two-layer structure allows for magnetic rings with a larger radius and a smaller radius to be stacked.

[0241] Solution for independently setting up electromagnets in fixed magnet mechanisms:

[0242] The fixed magnet mechanism 8 adopts an independent electromagnet, or an electromagnet is added on the basis of the permanent magnet. The specific technical solution is as follows.

[0243] The electromagnet is connected to an electromagnetic driving circuit for driving and controlling the electromagnet, and a sensor for detecting the position of the floating magnet mechanism 9 is also connected to the signal input end of the electromagnetic driving circuit.

[0244] In the above design, the position change or angle change of the floating magnet mechanism 9 will cause the signal output of the sensor (Hall sensor can be used) to change, and then the electromagnetic drive circuit will respond, realize the control change of the electromagnet, generate the magnetic field change, and then generate the force change on the floating magnet mechanism 9 through the magnetic field change, so that the floating magnet mechanism 9 is corrected to the correct position.

[0245] In the above design, the fixed magnet mechanism 8 is set as a magnetic force controllable system driven and controlled by the electromagnetic drive circuit. Therefore, the force on the rotor shaft 4 can be adjusted by controlling the magnetic force. Then, the height of the rotor shaft 4 can be adjusted, and even the tilt direction can be adjusted. Thus, timely feedback response to different forces on the rotor 3 can be achieved. Timely adjustment can be made to maintain the optimal dynamic operating state in a timely manner.

[0246] As for the electromagnetic drive circuit, it can be realized by using a multi-stage amplification integrated circuit and an auxiliary circuit. It is only necessary to set the amplification ratio and select the amplification logic relationship according to the position of the sensor.

[0247] The electromagnetic drive circuit can be composed of CD4069 multi-stage amplifier integrated circuit, plus auxiliary devices such as resistors, capacitors, power amplifiers, etc. The Hall sensor can be OH137 or 44E.

[0248] The electromagnets controlled by the electromagnetic driving circuit are allowed to be arranged on one plane, and only three electromagnets are allowed to be arranged in number.

[0249] Furthermore, the fixed magnet mechanism 8 preferably adopts a combined structure of a permanent magnet and an electromagnet.

[0250] The main magnetic support is achieved through permanent magnets, and the output control of smaller correction forces is achieved through electromagnets.

[0251] In this way, the current for maintaining the magnetic field can be reduced, and the rotor 3 will not impact the stator 2 or other components after a power failure.

[0252] In addition, because only electromagnets are used for correction, the electromagnet current is allowed to be smaller, thus providing a favorable basis for high-speed adjustment and rapid response of the magnetic field.

[0253] Specific embodiment 1: structure using a two-layer floating magnet mechanism

[0254] A structure of two layers of floating magnet mechanisms 9 is adopted, and at least part of the magnets of the fixed magnet mechanism 8 are sandwiched between the two layers of floating magnet mechanisms 9;

[0255] The two layers of floating magnet mechanisms 9 both generate repulsive magnetic forces on the fixed magnet mechanism 8 sandwiched therebetween.

[0256] One design is:

[0257] Reference Figure 3 The two layers of floating magnet mechanisms 9 are arranged front and back along the axial direction, and the fixed magnet mechanism 8 is arranged between the two layers of floating magnet mechanisms 9.

[0258] The two-layer floating magnet mechanism 9 allows the magnetic rings to have the same radius and be arranged front to back.

[0259] Another design is:

[0260] Reference Figure 6 The two-layer floating magnet mechanism 9 adopts an inner and outer layer stacked structure, and the fixed magnet mechanism 8 is arranged between the two-layer floating magnet mechanism 9.

[0261] The two-layer floating magnet mechanism 9 allows for a magnetic ring body with a larger radius and a smaller radius to be stacked.

[0262] Specific embodiment 2: structure using two layers of fixed magnet mechanism

[0263] Reference Figure 2 , 7 , adopting a structure of two layers of fixed magnet mechanisms 8, the floating magnet mechanism 9 is sandwiched between the two layers of fixed magnet mechanisms 8;

[0264] The two layers of fixed magnet mechanisms 8 both generate repulsive magnetic forces on the floating magnet mechanism 9 sandwiched therebetween.

[0265] This design helps to reduce the weight of the floating magnet mechanism 9 and reduce the centrifugal force caused during the rotation process.

[0266] One design is:

[0267] Reference Figure 2 , 7 The two layers of fixed magnet mechanisms 8 are arranged front and back along the axial direction, and the floating magnet mechanism 9 is arranged between the two layers of fixed magnet mechanisms 8.

[0268] The two layers of fixed magnet mechanisms 8 may be magnetic rings with the same radius and arranged front to back.

[0269] Another design is:

[0270] Reference Figure 4 The two-layer fixed magnet mechanism 8 adopts an inner and outer layer stacked structure, and the floating magnet mechanism 9 is arranged between the two-layer fixed magnet mechanism 8.

[0271] The two-layer fixed magnet mechanism 8 may be a magnetic ring body with a larger radius and a smaller radius, which is arranged in a stacked manner.

[0272] Reference Figure 1 , a motor using a double-layer locked magnetic suspension support 5, comprising a motor system, the motor system comprising a motor housing 1, a stator 2, and a rotor 3, the motor system being provided with a double-layer locked magnetic suspension support 5;

[0273] The double-layer locking magnetic suspension support 5 includes a support device 10;

[0274] The support device 10 is provided with a magnet mechanism, referred to as a fixed magnet mechanism 8;

[0275] It also includes a rotating mechanism 11 that rotates relative to the supporting device 10, and a magnetic mechanism that repels the fixed magnetic mechanism 8 is disposed on the rotating mechanism 11, which is called a floating magnetic mechanism 9;

[0276] The floating magnet mechanism 9 and the fixed magnet mechanism 8 are both arranged around the rotation axis of the rotating mechanism 11;

[0277] Among the floating magnet mechanism 9 and the fixed magnet mechanism 8, two of one of the mechanisms are provided, and the two mechanisms are arranged in a two-layer structure, and at least part of the magnet of the other mechanism is sandwiched between the two layers of the structure;

[0278] The two mechanisms of the two-layer structure both generate a repulsive magnetic force on the other mechanism sandwiched between them;

[0279] The support device 10 and the rotating mechanism 11 of the double-layer locked magnetic suspension support 5 adopt the following structure of the motor system, the support device 10 adopts at least one of the motor housing 1 and the stator 2, and the rotating mechanism 11 adopts the rotor 3.

[0280] The floating magnet mechanism 9 may be directly or indirectly disposed on the rotor 3 to provide a supporting force for the rotor 3 .

[0281] The motor system can be a generator system or a motor system.

[0282] Example:

[0283] The stator 2 is arranged in the motor housing 1;

[0284] The rotor 3 is placed vertically, and the rotor 3 is provided with a rotor shaft 4, and the rotor shaft 4 is in a vertical working state;

[0285] A support bearing for supporting the weight of the rotor 3 is directly or indirectly arranged between the rotor 3 and the motor housing 1 ; a base for fixing the motor to be placed vertically is arranged below the motor housing 1 .

[0286] The rotor 3 may be an inner rotor 3 or an outer rotor 3. Moreover, the rotor 3 may be a permanent magnet rotor 3 preferably.

[0287] In conventional motor designs, especially large motor designs, the rotor 3 of the motor is placed horizontally, that is, the rotor 3 is allowed to rotate while lying down.

[0288] Through a large number of tests and actual use, researchers have verified that this conventional design can make the area bearing the weight of the rotor 3 larger, making it easier to balance the force, and can bear the weight of the rotor 3 well and in a balanced manner. Moreover, when the rotor 3 outputs force, it is also more balanced and less likely to shake, and can output stronger radial force.

[0289] In this patent, the conventional design is no longer used, but the design of the vertical rotor 3 is adopted. This design will cause the weight of the heavier rotor 3 to be applied in the axial direction of the rotor 3.

[0290] Generally, the length of the rotor 3 is greater than the diameter, especially the permanent magnet rotor 3. Therefore, compared with the conventional design, the design in this patent, from a mechanical point of view, will weaken the parameters such as the force bearing strength and stability of the rotor 3. Moreover, compared with the radial force of the rotor 3, the output stability is also reduced.

[0291] The inventors have found that when placed vertically, the friction force of a permanent magnet motor, especially a permanent magnet brushless motor, during rotation mostly comes from the pressure on the bearing. This pressure consists of two parts: one is the gravity of the motor itself, and the other is the external force or reaction force when outputting power.

[0292] Conventional magnetic levitation motors, air levitation motors, and oil levitation motors all suspend the built-in rotor 3 as horizontally as possible through electromagnetic force, high-pressure air film, and high-pressure oil film when the motor is placed horizontally.

[0293] Although this design reduces the unit area of ​​the rotor 3, the force-bearing surface is increased. A large force-bearing surface is more difficult to balance.

[0294] The design of this patent has many shortcomings in conventional motor application environments, but it has significant technical effects in specific application scenarios.

[0295] The design of this patent has outstanding technical effects and substantial technical progress in working scenarios where the axial thrust or suction is large and the radial force is relatively balanced.

[0296] In an environment with large axial thrust, the design of conventional motors or generators will increase the bearing force due to the compression of the thrust, resulting in greater rotational resistance.

[0297] In particular, in a high-speed, high-power motor or generator, this thrust is much greater than the weight of the rotor 3. According to conventional designs, there will be disadvantages in this special operating environment.

[0298] The design of this patent can operate with low friction or even no friction under such working conditions.

[0299] A double-layer locking magnetic suspension support 5 is provided between the rotor shaft 4 and the motor housing 1 for generating a force to push the rotor 3 away from the support bearing;

[0300] The thrust generated by the double-layer locked magnetic suspension support 5 is greater than three-fifths of the weight of the rotor 3 .

[0301] In this patent, not only the unfavorable factors in the special operating environment are taken into consideration, but also the combined force of gravity and thrust is partially or completely overcome by the magnetic field, thereby greatly reducing friction, reducing energy consumption, and improving efficiency; reducing wear, reducing failure rate, reducing noise, and increasing service life.

[0302] Furthermore, the thrust generated by the double-layer locked magnetic suspension support 5 is less than or equal to the resultant force of the gravity of the rotor 3 and the force generated during operation; and greater than four fifths of the resultant force of the gravity of the rotor 3 and the force generated during operation.

[0303] It is ensured that the thrust generated by the double-layer locked magnetic suspension support 5 does not completely push away the rotor 3. This design is preferably used when the support bearing is a mechanical bearing to avoid generating reverse pressure on the support bearing, which would generate additional friction.

[0304] Further, the rotor 3 is linked with a working component 6 that generates a downward force to rotate;

[0305] The thrust generated by the double-layer locked magnetic suspension support 5 is greater than the weight of the rotor 3, but less than or equal to the resultant force of the weight of the rotor 3 and the force generated during operation.

[0306] The force generated by the rotor 3 during operation may be a downward thrust or an upward pull.

[0307] When the working component 6 rotates, a downward thrust is generated, and the resultant force causes the rotor 3 to move downward, thereby reducing part of the pressure on the supporting bearing or even completely eliminating the pressure.

[0308] A fluid driving component, which is used as a working component 6 and allows fluid to flow into the rotor shaft 4 and push out the fluid axially, is installed on the rotor shaft 4 of the rotor 3 .

[0309] Alternatively, a fluid driving component for axially flowing fluid and laterally pushing fluid out is installed on the rotor shaft 4 of the rotor 3 as the working component 6 .

[0310] By concentrating the working force on the axial direction of the rotor 3, the force on the side of the rotor 3 is balanced as much as possible, reducing or even avoiding the generation of lateral pressure, thereby reducing friction, allowing the speed to be increased to a very high level and reducing noise.

[0311] It is also possible to generate an upward pulling force in other driving modes, such as when the fluid impacts the working member 6 upward from below to make it do work, or when the fluid is pushed downward.

[0312] The working component 6 may be an axial fluid driving component, specifically, an axial airflow or fluid driving component in a propeller, a turbine, or a scroll. Other forms of axial airflow or fluid driving components may also be used.

[0313] When the motor is an electric motor, the working component 6 can be a propeller, a turbine, a vortex disk, or other working components 6 that drive the fluid to flow. When the working component 6 pushes the fluid to move upward, it will generate a downward reaction force.

[0314] In the prior art, a scroll may be used in a scroll compressor as a fluid driving component.

[0315] When the motor is a generator, the working component 6 may be a vortex disk, a propeller, a turbine, or other working component 6 driven by fluid flow. When the working component 6 is impacted downward by the fluid, a downward force may be generated.

[0316] It also includes a flow guide device, in which the working component 6 is sleeved;

[0317] The flow guide device is provided with two openings, one for air inlet and the other for air outlet;

[0318] One of the openings is a vertically upward opening, and the vertically upward opening is located above the working component 6.

[0319] Furthermore, it is preferred that an upward flow guide tube 7 with a height of at least 20 cm is provided at the opening.

[0320] The calculation of the height can be started from the upper edge of the working part 6. The flow guide tube 7 is directed upward within a height of 20 cm. After exceeding a height of at least 20 cm, the flow direction of the flow guide tube 7 is allowed to change.

[0321] By setting the high guide pipe 7, whether the air is sucked in or discharged from the top, a relatively stable flow can be maintained when the air flow is close to the working component 6. Unbalanced force on each side of the working component 6 can be avoided as much as possible.

[0322] A mixing flow mechanism can be provided in front of the air inlet and the air outlet to make the inlet and outlet air flows mix and evenly distribute the pressure on each side.

[0323] The flow mixing mechanism may be a spiral tube, a propeller or other mechanisms that can mix the airflow evenly.

[0324] The working component 6 may also be subjected to radial forces, or forces in mixed directions, such as a wind turbine impeller.

[0325] A specific embodiment of a permanent magnetic bearing is arranged on the rotor shaft 4:

[0326] A permanent magnetic bearing is also provided, which includes an outer magnetic ring a2 and an inner magnetic ring a1 which is nested in the outer magnetic ring a2 and has magnetic repulsion to each other; a gap is provided between the outer magnetic ring a2 and the inner magnetic ring a1;

[0327] The outer magnetic ring a2 is fixed on one of the stator 2 and the motor housing 1 , and the inner magnetic ring a1 is arranged on the rotor shaft 4 .

[0328] By providing a permanent magnetic bearing, the rotor shaft 4 can be stabilized and can achieve contactless and frictionless rotation with the stator 2 .

[0329] Permanent magnetic bearings may be provided at two positions, the upper position and the lower position of the rotor shaft 4 .

[0330] High stability is achieved and shaking is limited by two permanent magnetic bearings.

[0331] Alternatively, a permanent magnetic bearing is disposed on the upper portion of the rotor shaft 4, and another permanent magnetic bearing is disposed at the support bearing.

[0332] It is even possible to integrate the support bearing and the permanent magnetic bearing into a single structure.

[0333] Specific embodiment 1 of the support bearing structure:

[0334] Furthermore, the thrust generated by the double-layer locked magnetic suspension support 5 is equal to the combined force of the gravity of the rotor 3 and the force generated during operation;

[0335] The support bearing is a magnetic support bearing b; the magnetic support bearing b includes two repelling magnets, one magnet is located at the bottom, and the other magnet is located above the magnet and is a permanent magnet fixed on the rotor shaft 4.

[0336] The two repelling magnets are separated by repulsion, thereby reducing or even eliminating friction.

[0337] The magnetic support bearing b has a mechanical self-balancing function within a set range. The double-layer locking magnetic suspension support 5 is allowed to automatically adjust to a state where the thrust and the resultant force are equal within a certain range. In this case, it is allowed to be in a working state with no mechanical friction at all. It allows extremely high-speed operation.

[0338] The supporting bearing is a magnetic supporting bearing b, which can be a permanent magnetic bearing or an electromagnetic bearing.

[0339] It should be noted that the magnetic support bearing b is not only provided with these two magnets, but also may be provided with other auxiliary structures.

[0340] Furthermore, the magnetic support bearing b further comprises a sliding sleeve b1, the sliding sleeve b1 is fixed on the motor housing 1, and the magnet at the bottom is arranged below the sliding sleeve b1;

[0341] The permanent magnet fixed on the rotor shaft 4 is sleeved in the sliding sleeve b1 to form an up and down sliding connection.

[0342] Further, the magnetic force supports two repelling magnets of the bearing b, one magnet is an electromagnet located at the bottom, and the other magnet is a permanent magnet located above the electromagnet and fixed on the rotor shaft 4;

[0343] The electromagnet is also connected to a magnetic force control circuit, and the magnetic force control circuit is also connected to a magnetic force sensor for detecting the magnetic force of the permanent magnet.

[0344] The magnetic sensor may be arranged at a position above the height of the permanent magnet on the rotor shaft 4 .

[0345] When the permanent magnet moves upward and approaches the magnetic sensor beyond the amplitude, the magnetic sensor sensing signal is enhanced, and the magnetic force of the electromagnet is reduced through the magnetic control circuit, thereby shortening the distance the permanent magnet is pushed away, thereby causing the rotor shaft 4 to return downward.

[0346] When the permanent magnet moves downward and away from the magnetic sensor beyond the amplitude, the induction signal of the magnetic sensor weakens, and the magnetic force of the electromagnet is enhanced through the magnetic control circuit, thereby increasing the distance the permanent magnet is pushed away, thereby causing the rotor shaft 4 to return upward.

[0347] Furthermore, by dynamically adjusting the magnetic control circuit and controlling the rotor shaft 4, the height position of the rotor 3 in the stator 2 can be relatively fixed, or even kept suspended for a long time, so that the entire motor is in an ideal operating state.

[0348] In this patent, the magnetic sensor is placed above the permanent magnet, rather than below it, which can effectively avoid the influence of the magnetic field of the electromagnet below. This improves the control accuracy. The magnetic sensor can be a Hall sensor.

[0349] As for the magnetic force control circuit, it can be realized by using a multi-stage amplification integrated circuit and an auxiliary circuit. It is only necessary to set the amplification ratio and select the amplification logic relationship according to the position of the magnetic sensor.

[0350] The magnetic force control circuit can be composed of CD4069 multi-stage amplifier integrated circuit, and auxiliary devices such as resistors, capacitors, power amplifiers, etc. The Hall sensor can be OH137 or 44E.

[0351] The difficulty of implementing the magnetic control circuit is greatly reduced compared to the high-frequency suspension control circuit system of the magnetic levitation motor, and the possibility of loss of control is smaller and the stability is higher.

[0352] A limiting mechanism for limiting the sliding range may be provided between the rotor shaft 4 and the support bearing.

[0353] Specific embodiment 2 of the support bearing structure:

[0354] Furthermore, the thrust generated by the double-layer locked magnetic suspension support 5 is equal to the combined force of the gravity of the rotor 3 and the force generated during operation;

[0355] The supporting bearing adopts a rotary bearing with a sliding structure;

[0356] The rolling bearing includes an outer ring, a rolling element, and an inner ring;

[0357] The outer ring is directly or indirectly fixedly connected to the motor housing 1 , and the inner ring is slidably connected to the rotor shaft 4 up and down.

[0358] In the above design, a support bearing that allows up and down sliding is provided. By allowing the rotor shaft 4 to slide up and down relative to the support bearing, the double-layer locked magnetic suspension support 5 is allowed to automatically adjust to a state where the thrust and the resultant force are equal within a certain range.

[0359] This allows for an almost complete absence of mechanical friction, allowing extremely high speeds.

[0360] Moreover, compared with the design scheme using magnetic support bearing b, it has the characteristics of low cost, simple production process, high radial stability, and allows relatively high radial force output.

[0361] However, it should be noted that this design does not completely eliminate mechanical friction. The no-load running speed is slightly lower than the solution using magnetic support bearing b.

[0362] An up-and-down sliding structure is adopted between the rotor shaft 4 and the inner ring to limit the rotation speed difference.

[0363] By limiting the speed difference, sliding between the rotor shaft 4 and the inner ring in the rotation direction is avoided, and problems such as wear, heat, noise, etc. caused by relative sliding friction are avoided.

[0364] The up and down sliding structure that limits the speed difference can be that the connection between the rotor shaft 4 and the inner ring adopts a columnar structure with a non-circular cross-section, and the inner side of the inner ring adopts a structure that allows the columnar structure to be inserted and slides, but limits the relative rotation range.

[0365] For example, the cross section of the rotor shaft 4 may be elliptical, and the inner side of the inner ring may also be elliptical; the cross section may be triangular, and the inner side of the inner ring may also be triangular; the cross section may be quadrilateral, and the inner side of the inner ring may also be quadrilateral.

[0366] Preferably, the cross section of the rotor shaft 4 is elliptical, and the inner side of the inner ring is also elliptical.

[0367] Avoid excessive load-bearing at sharp corners to avoid wear and tear, ensure long-term smoothness and increase service life.

[0368] A limiting mechanism for limiting the sliding range is arranged between the rotor shaft 4 and the support bearing.

[0369] Avoid the problem that the rotor shaft 4, under the action of the force generated during operation, the thrust generated by the magnetic field, or other forces, has an excessive relative movement with the stator 2, thereby affecting the operation of the equipment.

[0370] A limiting mechanism for limiting the sliding range is arranged between the rotor shaft 4 and the inner ring of the support bearing, and an elastic mechanism is arranged between the rotor shaft 4 and the support bearing.

[0371] Through the elastic mechanism, the force generated during operation, the thrust generated by the magnetic field, or other forces are flexibly compensated for. This prevents the rotor shaft 4 from being displaced significantly due to force fluctuations. It also prevents the rotor shaft 4 from colliding with the support bearing due to force fluctuations, thus ensuring smooth operation of the equipment and the safety of the support bearings.

[0372] The limiting mechanism includes a stopper disposed on the rotor shaft 4. The stopper prevents the rotor shaft 4 from excessively sliding through the inner ring.

[0373] An elastic mechanism is also provided between the rotor shaft 4 and the inner ring, wherein one end of the elastic mechanism is fixedly connected to one of the rotor shaft 4 and the inner ring; and the other end is allowed to be in a state of not contacting the other in a working state.

[0374] When not in contact with one another, pressure on the inner ring can be avoided.

[0375] For example, the elastic mechanism using a spring structure may be a spring structure, one end of which is fixed on the rotor shaft 4; the other end is provided with a sleeve ring which is sleeved on the rotor shaft 4 and allows sliding, and the sleeve ring is a structure that limits the passage through the inner ring.

[0376] By arranging the spring structure on the rotor shaft 4 instead of the inner ring, friction can be avoided when the rotor shaft 4 and the inner ring shake relative to each other.

[0377] The spring structure is arranged on the rotor shaft 4, and a collar is used to limit the shaking of the other end, so that the spring structure is relatively stable during high-speed rotation.

[0378] Yes, the inner ring can be used as a limiting component of the limiting mechanism.

[0379] Because the collar is a structure that limits the passage through the inner ring, when the movement of the rotor shaft 4 increases, the collar abuts against the inner ring, generates a reaction force, and realizes flexible limiting. When the movement of the rotor shaft 4 is too large, further limiting is realized due to the continued increase in elasticity.

[0380] Furthermore, the elastic mechanism may also be an elastic mechanism composed of two repelling magnets; one of the two repelling magnets is fixed on the rotor shaft 4, and the other is fixed on the inner ring.

[0381] When the movement amplitude of the rotor shaft 4 increases, the two repelling magnets increase the reaction force to achieve flexible limit. It is preferred to further set a limit component on the rotor shaft 4, such as a limit stopper, to prevent the magnets from colliding.

[0382] The elastic mechanism formed by the two repelling magnets can prevent the spring from shaking under high-speed rotation, and avoid wear and noise caused by the shaking between the rotor shaft 4 and the inner ring due to high-speed rotation.

[0383] In addition, it is also allowed to be applied when the rotor 3 is subjected to an upward force (such as a pulling force) from the working part 6. When subjected to a pulling force, some reverse settings can be performed according to the above description of this patent.

[0384] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the invention and the advantages of the invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, the invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the invention to be protected. The scope of the invention to be protected is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Double-layer locking magnetic suspension support, characterized in that: comprising a supporting device; The support device is provided with a magnet mechanism, which is called a fixed magnet mechanism; It also includes a rotating mechanism that rotates relative to the supporting device, and the rotating mechanism is provided with a magnetic mechanism that repels the fixed magnetic mechanism, which is called a floating magnetic mechanism; The floating magnet mechanism and the fixed magnet mechanism are both arranged around the rotation axis of the rotating mechanism; Among the floating magnet mechanism and the fixed magnet mechanism, two of one of the mechanisms are provided, and the two mechanisms are arranged in a two-layer structure, and at least part of the magnet of the other mechanism is sandwiched between the two layers of structure; The two mechanisms of the two-layer structure each have a magnetic force that repels the other mechanism sandwiched between them.

2. The double-layer locking magnetic suspension support according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The two mechanisms of the two-layer structure are respectively close to two surfaces of another mechanism, and the distance between them is greater than 0.2 mm and less than 3 mm.

3. The double-layer locking magnetic suspension support according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the two mechanisms of the two-layer structure and the other mechanism, one of the mechanisms includes two permanent magnet rings; a gap is provided between the two permanent magnet rings, The magnet in the other relatively rotating mechanism and the two permanent magnet rings repel each other, and the low point of the resultant force of the two repulsive forces is located between the two permanent magnet rings.

4. The double-layer locking magnetic suspension support according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The two mechanisms of the two-layer structure each include two permanent magnet rings; a gap is provided between the two permanent magnet rings, the magnet in the other mechanism and the two permanent magnet rings repel each other, and the low point of the resultant force of the two repulsive forces is located between the two permanent magnet rings.

5. The double-layer locking magnetic suspension support according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Another mechanism includes two permanent magnet rings; a gap is set between the two permanent magnet rings, the magnets in the two mechanisms of the two-layer structure and the two permanent magnet rings are repelling each other, and the low point of the resultant force of the two repelling forces is located between the two permanent magnet rings.

6. The double-layer locking magnetic suspension support according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The two permanent magnet rings have different magnetic pole orientations and are magnets in another mechanism that rotates relative to each other; The two magnetic poles of the magnet in the other relatively rotating mechanism are respectively facing the two permanent magnet rings, and are in a state of repulsion; A magnetic conductive mechanism is arranged on one side of the two permanent magnet rings facing away from the magnets in the other mechanism that rotates relatively, and the magnetic conductive mechanism connects the magnetic fields of the two permanent magnets.

7. The double-layer locking magnetic suspension support according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An annular auxiliary permanent magnet is arranged between the two permanent magnet rings; The auxiliary permanent magnet is arranged in such a way that two magnetic poles are attracted to the magnetic poles on one side of the magnet in another mechanism that rotates relatively to the two permanent magnet rings. Through the auxiliary permanent magnet, the magnetic field conduction flux on the back side of the two permanent magnet rings is increased, thereby enhancing the magnetic field strength in the front.

8. The double-layer locking magnetic suspension support according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The two mechanisms of the two-layer structure adopt a structure arranged front and back along the axial direction, and the other mechanism is set at a position between the two layers of structure; the other mechanism is set at a position between the two layers of structure, which is a hierarchical position relationship; The two-layer structure allows magnetic rings with the same radius to be arranged front and back.

9. The double-layer locking magnetic suspension support according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A motor system is included, wherein the motor system includes a motor housing, a stator, and a rotor; The motor system is provided with a double-layer locking magnetic suspension support; Double-layer locking magnetic suspension support, including a support device; The support device is provided with a magnet mechanism, which is called a fixed magnet mechanism; It also includes a rotating mechanism that rotates relative to the supporting device, and the rotating mechanism is provided with a magnetic mechanism that repels the fixed magnetic mechanism, which is called a floating magnetic mechanism; The floating magnet mechanism and the fixed magnet mechanism are both arranged around the rotation axis of the rotating mechanism; Among the floating magnet mechanism and the fixed magnet mechanism, two of one of the mechanisms are provided, and the two mechanisms are arranged in a two-layer structure, and at least part of the magnet of the other mechanism is sandwiched between the two layers of structure; The two mechanisms of the two-layer structure both generate a repulsive magnetic force on the other mechanism sandwiched between them; The supporting device and rotating mechanism of the double-layer locked magnetic suspension support adopt the following structure of the motor system, the supporting device adopts at least one of the motor housing and the stator, and the rotating mechanism adopts the rotor.

10. The double-layer locking magnetic suspension support according to claim 9 is characterized in that: The stator is arranged in the motor housing; The rotor is placed vertically, and is provided with a rotor shaft, and the rotor shaft is in a vertical working state; A support bearing for supporting the weight of the rotor is directly or indirectly arranged between the rotor and the motor housing; a base for fixing the motor to be placed vertically is arranged below the motor housing.

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