A laser cutting machine for metal material processing

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of laser cutting technology, and specifically discloses a laser cutting machine for metal material processing, comprising a laser head mounted on a three-dimensional mobile platform via a mounting frame, wherein a beam channel is defined within the laser head, and an inner cavity is defined within the laser head at the top of the beam channel, wherein two laser lenses are disposed within the inner cavity, and a laser emitting portion is disposed above the laser lenses. The present invention utilizes a cooling assembly to perform an annular 360-degree heat exchange on the switched laser lens, thereby increasing the heat exchange area between the laser lens and the cooling assembly. The 360-degree wrapping ensures a uniform heat exchange rate across the laser lens, improving the uniformity of heat dissipation from the laser lens, and preventing the laser lens from being affected by uneven local heat, which would cause uneven expansion of the laser lens and change the curvature radius of the lens, thereby affecting the position of the focal point and the quality of the beam, resulting in a decrease in cutting accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser cutting, in particular to a laser cutting machine for processing metal materials. Background Art

[0002] A laser cutting machine focuses the laser light emitted from a laser into a high-power density laser beam through an optical path system. The laser beam is then irradiated onto the surface of the workpiece, causing the workpiece to reach its melting point or boiling point. The focusing lens plays a vital role in the laser cutting machine. It is responsible for focusing the laser beam onto the material to achieve precise cutting. However, due to the extremely high energy density of the laser beam, the focusing lens will generate a lot of heat during operation. Long-term high-temperature operation may degrade the physical properties of the focusing lens and even cause the lens to explode, which not only affects the cutting quality, but may also pose a safety hazard to the equipment and operators.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent number CN116551217B discloses a CNC machine tool laser cutting machine, which relates to the field of laser cutting technology and includes a laser head and a three-dimensional mobile platform for driving the three-dimensional movement of the laser head. The laser head is composed of a laser emitting unit, an optical path focusing system, and a light output channel; the optical path focusing system includes a laser lens, which is used to focus the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit. There are at least two laser lenses that do not interfere with each other; it also includes a switching component, which is used to control the switching between the two laser lenses so that one of the laser lenses is in operation; and a heat-conducting component, which is used to cool the idle laser lens. This invention uses a switching component for switching, ensuring that the cutting process can be carried out while the focusing process and the cooling process of the laser lens can be carried out separately, so that the laser lens has a window period for cooling and recovery, thereby extending the service life of the laser lens.

[0004] However, when using the above method to cool the laser lens, the contact heat dissipation area is too small, the heat dissipation efficiency is low and the lens cannot be cooled evenly. If the lens is in an uneven high temperature environment for a long time, it may cause uneven expansion of the lens, causing the curvature radius of the lens to change, thereby affecting the focal position and the quality of the light beam, resulting in a decrease in cutting accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a laser cutting machine for metal material processing to solve at least one technical problem existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a laser cutting machine for metal material processing, comprising a laser head mounted on a three-dimensional movable platform via a mounting frame, the laser head having a beam channel defined therein, an inner cavity defined therein at the top of the beam channel, two laser lenses disposed within the inner cavity, and a laser emitting portion disposed above the laser lenses;

[0007] It also includes a switching component, which is used to switch the positions of the two laser lenses and always ensure that the focus of one of the laser lenses is in a straight line with the axis of the beam channel;

[0008] It also includes a cooling component, which is used to perform 360-degree annular heat exchange on the switched laser lens.

[0009] Preferably, the switching assembly includes a sliding plate slidably mounted on the top surface of the inner cavity, two through holes are provided on the outer wall of the sliding plate, and heat-conducting rings are fixedly mounted on the top surfaces of the two through holes. The laser lens is fixedly mounted in the heat-conducting ring, and a rotating shaft is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the inner cavity on both sides of the sliding plate. A lower elastic telescopic rod is rotatably mounted between the rotating shaft and the sliding plate, and a rotatable upper elastic telescopic rod is also rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and a tension spring is provided between the ends of the upper elastic telescopic rod and the lower elastic telescopic rod that are away from each other.

[0010] Preferably, the cooling assembly is provided in two groups and is located on both sides of the inner cavity respectively. The cooling assembly includes two limit blocks slidably mounted on the bottom surface of the inner cavity. A polymer plate is fixedly mounted on the top surface of each limit block. The opposing surfaces of the two polymer plates are provided with arc surfaces, and arc tubes are provided in the arc surfaces. When the two polymer plates are close to each other, the two arc surfaces can be combined into a circular groove, and the inner diameter of the circular groove is the same as the outer diameter of the heat conductive ring. A plurality of water pipes connected to the arc tubes are provided in the polymer plates, and the water pipes are connected to an external water circulation device.

[0011] The cooling assembly further includes a driving assembly for driving the two polymer plates toward and away from each other;

[0012] A switch assembly is provided at the position where the two arc tubes are connected. When the two arc tubes are connected, the switch assembly connects the two arc tubes. When the two arc tubes are separated, the switch assembly closes the two arc tubes respectively.

[0013] Preferably, the driving assembly includes a reset tension spring fixedly installed between the two limit blocks, a sliding block capable of sliding is installed on both side walls of the inner cavity, and two sliders slidably installed on the bottom surface of the inner cavity are provided on the side of the sliding block, and a rotating rod is rotatably installed between the two sliders and the two polymer plates on the same side of the two groups of cooling components, and elastic pins are provided in the multiple holes opened in the side walls of the sliding block, and grooves for inserting the elastic pins are opened on the side walls of the two sliders;

[0014] The drive assembly further comprises a locking assembly for locking or unlocking the polymer panels away from each other.

[0015] Preferably, the locking assembly includes sliding cavities opened on both sides of the inner cavity, a sliding rod is slidably installed in the sliding cavity, and locking pins that can penetrate the inner cavity are fixedly installed at both ends of the sliding rod. A pressure rod that penetrates the inner cavity and can be completely retracted into the sliding cavity is also fixedly installed on the side wall of the sliding rod. A compression spring is provided between the sliding rod and the side wall of the sliding cavity, and the side walls of the two polymer plates are provided with locking holes for inserting the locking pins.

[0016] Preferably, the switch assembly includes through grooves opened at both ends of the arc tube, and sealing protrusions are slidably installed in the two through grooves. A baffle smaller than the cross-section of the arc tube is also fixedly installed in the arc tube, and a limiting spring is fixedly connected between the baffle and the sealing protrusion.

[0017] Preferably, the laser emitting part includes a laser emitter slidably mounted in the laser head, a sliding cylinder is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the laser emitter, and an annular groove is provided on the top surface of the heat-conducting ring, a protrusion that can be embedded in the annular groove is provided on the bottom surface of the sliding cylinder, and the side wall of the sliding cylinder is connected to the external vacuum equipment.

[0018] Preferably, a protective mirror is provided at the bottom end of the light beam channel, and a jet device is provided below the protective mirror, and the jet device can spray high-pressure gas coaxial with the light beam.

[0019] Preferably, anti-seismic damping is provided on both sides of the sliding plate.

[0020] Preferably, when the two polymer plates are away from each other, the distance between the two locking holes thereon and the sliding plate is greater than the distance between the locking pin and the sliding plate.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The present invention uses a cooling component to perform a 360-degree annular heat exchange on the switched laser lens, thereby increasing the heat exchange area between the laser lens and the cooling component. The 360-degree coverage makes the heat exchange rate at all parts of the laser lens equal, thereby improving the uniformity of heat dissipation of the laser lens and preventing the laser lens from being affected by uneven local heat, causing uneven expansion of the laser lens and changes in the curvature radius of the lens, thereby affecting the position of the focus and the quality of the light beam, resulting in a decrease in cutting accuracy.

[0023] 2. The present invention can drive the sliding plate to move back and forth by driving the upper elastic telescopic rod to rotate back and forth, and at the same time drive the two laser lenses to be used alternately, so that the downtime of the laser cutting machine is greatly reduced, and the replaced laser lens is cooled by the cooling component, reducing the thermal stress deformation of the laser lens under high temperature, improving the operating efficiency of the laser cutting machine while increasing the service life of the laser lens, thereby reducing operating costs.

[0024] 3. The present invention uses the cooperation between the two sliding blocks, the slider and the locking assembly to prevent the polymer plates on both sides from interfering with each other when they move away from or approach each other, thereby preventing the polymer plates on one side from moving away from each other and approaching each other, so that the polymer plates approaching each other lock the sliding blocks and make it impossible to switch the two laser lenses. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a side cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the switching component in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cooling assembly in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the cooling assembly of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of the switch assembly in the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1. Mounting frame; 2. Laser head; 3. Laser emitter; 4. Protective mirror; 5. Beam channel; 6. Laser lens; 7. Sliding plate; 8. Heat-conducting ring; 9. Lower elastic telescopic rod; 10. Tension spring; 11. Sliding block; 12. Polymer plate; 13. Reset tension spring; 14. Sliding block; 15. Locking hole; 16. Rotating rod; 17. Limit block; 18. Elastic pin; 19. Inner cavity; 20. Sliding cavity; 21. Sliding rod; 22. Sliding cylinder; 23. Compression spring; 24. Arc tube; 25. Limit spring; 26. Water pipe; 27. Sealing protrusion; 28. Rotating shaft; 29. ​​Upper elastic telescopic rod; 30. Locking pin; 31. Compression rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] See also Figures 1 to 8 The present invention provides a technical solution: a laser cutting machine for metal material processing, comprising a laser head 2 mounted on a three-dimensional movable platform via a mounting frame 1, a beam channel 5 being defined in the laser head 2, an inner cavity 19 being defined in the laser head 2 at the top of the beam channel 5, two laser lenses 6 being disposed in the inner cavity 19, and a laser emitting portion being disposed above the laser lenses 6;

[0036] It also includes a switching component, which is used to switch the positions of the two laser lenses 6 and always ensure that the focus of one of the laser lenses 6 is in a straight line with the axis of the beam channel 5;

[0037] It also includes a cooling component, which is used to perform 360-degree annular heat exchange on the switched laser lens 6.

[0038] When using this device, the position of the laser lens 6 is first debugged through the switching component to ensure that the focus of one of the laser lenses 6 is in the same straight line with the axis of the beam channel 5, and the position of the laser head 2 is adjusted to the predetermined cutting point, and then the laser emitting part is driven to emit laser to the laser lens 6, and the light beam is focused through the laser lens 6. The focused light beam is emitted from the beam channel 5 and cuts the metal material below. The cutting of the metal material is completed by adjusting the position of the laser head 2 on the three-dimensional platform. When the laser lens 6 has been used for a long time, the high-energy laser beam will cause the laser lens 6 to generate a lot of heat. At this time, the laser emission is stopped, and the unused laser lens 6 is moved through the switching component so that its focus is in the same straight line with the axis of the beam channel 5, and the heated laser lens 6 is replaced. Then the cooling component is driven to perform a 360-degree annular heat exchange on the switched laser lens 6 to achieve uniform and rapid heat dissipation.

[0039] In this way, the switched laser lens 6 is annularly wrapped 360 degrees for heat exchange through the cooling component, so that the heat exchange area between the laser lens 6 and the cooling component is increased, and the 360-degree covering makes the heat exchange rate at all parts of the laser lens 6 equal, thereby improving the uniformity of heat dissipation of the laser lens 6, and preventing the laser lens 6 from being affected by uneven local heat, causing uneven expansion of the laser lens 6 and changing the curvature radius of the lens, thereby affecting the position of the focus and the quality of the light beam, resulting in a decrease in cutting accuracy.

[0040] Furthermore, the switching assembly includes a sliding plate 7 slidably mounted on the top surface of the inner cavity 19, and two through holes are provided on the outer wall of the sliding plate 7. A heat-conducting ring 8 is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the two through holes, and the laser lens 6 is fixedly mounted in the heat-conducting ring 8. A rotating shaft 28 is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the inner cavity 19 on both sides of the sliding plate 7, and a lower elastic telescopic rod 9 is rotatably mounted between the rotating shaft 28 and the sliding plate 7. A rotatable upper elastic telescopic rod 29 is also rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 28, and a tension spring 10 is provided between the ends of the upper elastic telescopic rod 29 and the lower elastic telescopic rod 9 that are away from each other.

[0041] According to the above embodiment, a specific embodiment of a switching component is provided. Figure 4When the laser lens 6 needs to be switched, the upper elastic telescopic rod 29 is driven to rotate to the right by the external driving structure, and the upper elastic telescopic rod 29 and the lower elastic telescopic rod 9 are in the same straight line. At this time, the rotational torque of the tension spring 10 on the upper elastic telescopic rod 29 and the lower elastic telescopic rod 9 is zero. When the upper elastic telescopic rod 29 continues to rotate, the upper elastic telescopic rod 29 and the lower elastic telescopic rod 9 rotate to the right together under the action of the tension spring 10, and drive the sliding plate 7 to slide quickly to the right, so that the left laser lens 6 on the sliding plate 7 moves to the position of the right laser lens 6, completing the switching of the positions of the two laser lenses 6; when the external driving structure drives the upper elastic telescopic rod 29 to rotate to the left to cross the zero torque position of the tension spring 10, the upper elastic telescopic rod 29 and the lower elastic telescopic rod 9 rotate to the left together under the action of the tension spring 10, driving the right laser lens 6 on the sliding plate 7 to move to the position of the left laser lens 6, completing the reciprocating switching of the positions of the two laser lenses 6.

[0042] In this way, by driving the upper elastic telescopic rod 29 to rotate back and forth, the sliding plate 7 can be driven to move back and forth together, and at the same time, the two laser lenses 6 can be used alternately, so that the downtime of the laser cutting machine is greatly reduced, and the replaced laser lens 6 is cooled by the cooling component to reduce the thermal stress deformation of the laser lens 6 under high temperature, thereby improving the operating efficiency of the laser cutting machine and increasing the service life of the laser lens 6, thereby reducing operating costs.

[0043] Furthermore, two cooling assemblies are provided, one on each side of the inner cavity 19. The cooling assemblies include two limit blocks 17 slidably mounted on the bottom surface of the inner cavity 19. A polymer plate 12 is fixedly mounted on the top surface of each limit block 17. The opposing surfaces of the two polymer plates 12 are provided with arc surfaces, and arc tubes 24 are provided in the arc surfaces. When the two polymer plates 12 are close to each other, the two arc surfaces can be combined into a circular groove, and the inner diameter of the circular groove is the same as the outer diameter of the heat conducting ring 8. A plurality of water pipes 26 connected to the arc tubes 24 are provided in the polymer plates 12, and the water pipes 26 are connected to the external water circulation equipment.

[0044] The cooling assembly further includes a driving assembly for driving the two polymer plates 12 toward and away from each other;

[0045] A switch assembly is provided at the position where the two arc tubes 24 are connected. When the two arc tubes 24 are connected, the switch assembly connects the two arc tubes 24. When the two arc tubes 24 are separated, the switch assembly closes the two arc tubes 24 respectively.

[0046] According to the above embodiment, a specific embodiment of a cooling assembly is provided. Figure 5When the driving component drives the two polymer plates 12 to approach each other and form a long plate with a circular groove, the switch component connects the arc tubes 24 in the two polymer plates 12. At this time, the external water circulation equipment injects water into the two arc tubes 24 through the water pipe 26, and sucks the water out of the arc tube 24 through the water pipe 26 on the other side, exchanging and cooling the heat-conducting ring 8 located in the circular groove. After the heat dissipation is completed, the driving component drives the two polymer plates 12 away from each other, and closes the two arc tubes 24 respectively through the switch component, completing the water-cooling heat dissipation of the laser lens 6 in the heat-conducting ring 8.

[0047] In this way, by driving the two polymer plates 12 closer to or farther away from each other, the above-mentioned 360-degree annular heat exchange of the heat-conducting ring 8 on the outer ring of the laser lens 6 can be completed when the two polymer plates 12 are closer to each other, and after the heat dissipation is completed, the two polymer plates 12 are driven away from each other, and the switching lock of the two laser lenses 6 by the switching component is released, which facilitates subsequent switching.

[0048] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a return tension spring 13 fixedly mounted between two limit blocks 17, a sliding block 11 that can slide is mounted on both side walls of the inner cavity 19, and two sliders 14 are provided on the side of the sliding block 11 and are slidably mounted on the bottom surface of the inner cavity 19. A rotating rod 16 is rotatably mounted between the two sliders 14 and the two polymer plates 12 on the same side of the two sets of cooling components. Multiple holes opened in the side walls of the sliding block 11 are each provided with an elastic pin 18, and the side walls of the two sliders 14 are each provided with a groove for inserting the elastic pin 18.

[0049] The driving assembly further comprises a locking assembly for locking or unlocking the polymer panels 12 away from each other.

[0050] According to the above embodiment, a specific embodiment of a driving component is provided. Figure 5When the slider 11 slides to the right, the locking assembly releases the lock on the left polymer plate 12. At this time, the left slider 14, limited by the elastic pin 18, moves along with the slider 11, pulling the rotating rod 16 to rotate and simultaneously driving the two limit blocks 17 away from each other, thereby driving the left polymer plates 12 away from each other. At this time, the right slider 14 is affected by the elastic pin 18, but because the right locking assembly has not released the lock on the right polymer plate 12, the elastic pin 18 is inserted into the slider 14 and then pushed back into the hole, preventing the right polymer plates 12 from approaching each other. At this time, the upper elastic telescopic rod 29 rotates to the left to the zero torque position, passing the tension spring 10, causing the slider 7 to slide to the right to the rightmost position. After completing the switching of the two laser lenses 6, the right locking assembly releases the lock on the right polymer plate 12 and, via the return tension spring 13, drives the two right polymer plates 12 toward each other, commencing a 360-degree circular heat exchange of the right laser lens 6, achieving alternating use and alternating heat exchange of the two laser lenses 6.

[0051] In this way, through the cooperation between the two sliding blocks 11 and the slider 14 and the locking assembly, the polymer plates 12 on both sides do not interfere with each other when they move away from or approach each other, avoiding the polymer plates 12 on one side moving away from each other and the polymer plates 12 on the other side moving closer to each other, so that the polymer plates 12 that are close to each other lock the sliding plate 7, resulting in the inability to switch the two laser lenses 6.

[0052] It is also worth mentioning that due to the action of the tension spring 10, the upper elastic telescopic rod 29 will first pull the tension spring 10 to lengthen when rotating, until the tension spring 10 passes the position of the upper elastic telescopic rod 29 and the lower elastic telescopic rod 9 in the same straight line, and the tension spring 10 will pull the lower elastic telescopic rod 9 to rotate, which will have a delayed rotation effect on the lower elastic telescopic rod 9, so that the sliding block 11 can drive the slider 14 to move before driving the upper elastic telescopic rod 29 to rotate and complete the switching, so that the two polymer plates 12 in cooling will move away from each other and expand, stopping the cooling while preventing the movement of the sliding plate 7 from causing travel interference, so that the cooling process and the switching process have a sequence.

[0053] Furthermore, the locking assembly includes a sliding cavity 20 opened on both sides of the inner cavity 19, a sliding rod 21 is slidably installed in the sliding cavity 20, and locking pins 30 that can penetrate the inner cavity 19 are fixedly installed at both ends of the sliding rod 21. A pressure rod 31 that penetrates the inner cavity 19 and can be completely retracted into the sliding cavity 20 is also fixedly installed on the side wall of the sliding rod 21. A compression spring 23 is provided between the sliding rod 21 and the side wall of the sliding cavity 20, and the side walls of the two polymer plates 12 are provided with locking holes 15 for the locking pins 30 to be inserted.

[0054] According to the above embodiment, a specific embodiment of a locking assembly is provided. Figure 8When the sliding plate 7 moves to the far left, the pressure rod 31 is squeezed by the sliding plate 7 and completely retracted into the sliding cavity 20, and drives the two locking pins 30 and the sliding rod 21 to move to the left together, so that the two locking pins 30 are also retracted into the sliding cavity 20, releasing the lock on the left polymer plate 12. At this time, the sliding rod 21 on the right is pushed to the left by the compression spring 23, so that the two locking pins 30 are inserted into the locking hole 15 and the pressure rod 31 is also pushed into the inner cavity 19, completing the locking of the right polymer plate 12, preventing the polymer plate 12 at this location from closing prematurely due to the influence of the reset tension spring 13, which would hinder the sliding of the sliding plate 7.

[0055] Furthermore, the switch assembly includes through grooves opened at both ends of the arc tube 24, and sealing protrusions 27 are slidably installed in the two through grooves. A baffle smaller than the cross-section of the arc tube 24 is also fixedly installed in the arc tube 24, and a limiting spring 25 is fixedly connected between the baffle and the sealing protrusion 27.

[0056] According to the above embodiment, a specific embodiment of a switch assembly is provided. Figure 8 When the two polymer plates 12 approach each other, the relative sealing protrusions 27 squeeze and retract each other, so that the arc tubes 24 on the upper and lower sides are connected to each other. When the two polymer plates 12 move away from each other, the sealing protrusions 27 are pushed by the limit springs 25 to block the through grooves at both ends of the arc tube 24, completing the sealing of the arc tube 24, preventing the two polymer plates 12 from moving away from each other, causing cooling water leakage and damage to the internal components of the laser cutting machine.

[0057] Furthermore, the laser emitting part includes a laser emitter 3 slidably installed in the laser head 2, a sliding cylinder 22 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the laser emitter 3, and an annular groove is provided on the top surface of the heat-conducting ring 8, and a protrusion that can be embedded in the annular groove is provided on the bottom surface of the sliding cylinder 22, and the side wall of the sliding cylinder 22 is connected to the external vacuum equipment.

[0058] According to the above embodiment, a specific embodiment of a laser emitting unit is provided. Figure 2 and Figure 3 When one of the laser lenses 6 is adjusted to a suitable position, the laser emitter 3 is lowered to drive the sliding cylinder 22 to move downward, so that the sliding cylinder 22 is inserted into the heat-conducting ring 8, completing the position limitation of the heat-conducting ring 8, so that a closed space is formed in the sliding cylinder 22, and then the sliding cylinder 22 is vacuumed by an external vacuum equipment to prevent the gas or water vapor in the sliding cylinder 22 from causing the light beam to be refracted, thereby reducing the light beam quality.

[0059] Furthermore, a protective mirror 4 is provided at the bottom end of the light beam channel 5 , and a jet device is provided below the protective mirror 4 , which can eject high-pressure gas coaxial with the light beam.

[0060] According to the above embodiment, a protective mirror 4 is provided at the bottom end of the beam channel 5 and a jet device is used to blow away the molten metal debris or vaporized metal, thereby preventing the molten metal debris or vaporized metal from entering the beam channel 5 and damaging the laser lens 6.

[0061] Furthermore, anti-seismic damping is provided on both sides of the sliding plate 7 .

[0062] According to the above embodiment, since the sliding plate 7 moves at a fast speed under the action of the tension spring 10, the sliding plate 7 may rigidly collide with the side wall of the inner cavity 19, causing the laser lens 6 to shift during vibration, thereby changing the focusing position of the light and causing a decrease in cutting accuracy.

[0063] Furthermore, when the two aggregate plates 12 are moved away from each other, the distance between the two locking holes 15 thereon and the sliding plate 7 is greater than the distance between the locking pin 30 and the sliding plate 7 .

[0064] According to the above embodiment, it can be seen that the sliding plate 7 will not move and the locking assembly will release the lock of the polymer plates 12 until the two polymer plates 12 are close to each other. By making the distance between the two locking holes 15 and the sliding plate 7 greater than the distance between the locking pin 30 and the sliding plate 7, the polymer plates 12 are prevented from descending to the point where the locking pin 30 cannot be inserted into the locking hole 15, and the approach or distance of the polymer plates 12 on both sides are synchronized.

[0065] The standard parts used in this embodiment can be purchased directly from the market, and the non-standard structural components recorded in the specification and drawings can also be directly processed according to existing technical common sense without any doubt. At the same time, the connection method of each component adopts the mature conventional means in the existing technology, and the machinery, parts and equipment all adopt conventional models in the existing technology, so no specific description will be given here.

[0066] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A laser cutting machine for metal material processing, comprising a laser head (2) mounted on a three-dimensional mobile platform via a mounting frame (1), characterized in that: A beam channel (5) is provided in the laser head (2), an inner cavity (19) is provided in the laser head (2) at the top of the beam channel (5), two laser lenses (6) are provided in the inner cavity (19), and a laser emitting portion is provided above the laser lenses (6); It also includes a switching component, which is used to switch the positions of the two laser lenses (6) and always ensure that the focus of one of the laser lenses (6) is in the same straight line with the axis of the beam channel (5); It also includes a cooling component, which is used to perform annular 360-degree heat exchange on the switched laser lens (6); The switching assembly includes a sliding plate (7) slidably mounted on the top surface of the inner cavity (19), the outer wall of the sliding plate (7) is provided with two through holes, the top surfaces of the two through holes are fixedly mounted with heat-conducting rings (8), the laser lens (6) is fixedly mounted in the heat-conducting ring (8), the bottom surface of the inner cavity (19) located on both sides of the sliding plate (7) is fixedly mounted with a rotating shaft (28), a lower elastic telescopic rod (9) is rotatably mounted between the rotating shaft (28) and the sliding plate (7), an upper elastic telescopic rod (29) that can rotate is also rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (28), and a tension spring (10) is provided between the ends of the upper elastic telescopic rod (29) and the lower elastic telescopic rod (9) that are away from each other; The cooling assembly is provided with two groups, and is respectively located on both sides of the inner cavity (19). The cooling assembly includes two limit blocks (17) slidably mounted on the bottom surface of the inner cavity (19). A polymer plate (12) is fixedly mounted on the top surface of each limit block (17). The opposing surfaces of the two polymer plates (12) are provided with arc surfaces, and arc tubes (24) are provided in the arc surfaces. When the two polymer plates (12) are close to each other, the two arc surfaces can be combined into a circular groove, and the inner diameter of the circular groove is the same as the outer diameter of the heat conducting ring (8). A plurality of water pipes (26) connected to the arc tubes (24) are provided in the polymer plate (12), and the water pipes (26) are connected to the external water circulation equipment. The cooling assembly further comprises a driving assembly for driving the two polymer plates (12) toward and away from each other; A switch assembly is provided at the position where the two arc-shaped tubes (24) are connected to each other, and when the two arc-shaped tubes (24) are connected to each other, the switch assembly connects the two arc-shaped tubes (24), and when the two arc-shaped tubes (24) are separated, the switch assembly closes the two arc-shaped tubes (24) respectively; The driving assembly includes a reset tension spring (13) fixedly installed between two limit blocks (17), a sliding block (11) capable of sliding is installed on both side walls of the inner cavity (19), and two sliders (14) slidably installed on the bottom surface of the inner cavity (19) are provided on the side of the sliding block (11), and a rotating rod (16) is rotatably installed between the two sliders (14) and the two polymer plates (12) on the same side of the two groups of cooling components, and multiple holes opened on the side wall of the sliding block (11) are provided with elastic pins (18), and the side walls of the two sliders (14) are provided with grooves for inserting the elastic pins (18); The driving assembly further comprises a locking assembly for locking or unlocking the polymer plates (12) that are spaced apart from each other; The locking assembly includes a sliding cavity (20) opened on both sides of the inner cavity (19), a sliding rod (21) is slidably installed in the sliding cavity (20), and locking pins (30) capable of penetrating the inner cavity (19) are fixedly installed at both ends of the sliding rod (21). A pressure rod (31) that penetrates the inner cavity (19) and can be completely retracted into the sliding cavity (20) is also fixedly installed on the side wall of the sliding rod (21), and a compression spring (23) is provided between the sliding rod (21) and the side wall of the sliding cavity (20). The side walls of the two polymer plates (12) are each provided with a locking hole (15) for inserting the locking pin (30).

2. The laser cutting machine for metal material processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switch assembly includes through slots provided at both ends of the arc tube (24), sealing protrusions (27) being slidably mounted in the two through slots, a baffle having a cross section smaller than that of the arc tube (24) being fixedly mounted in the arc tube (24), and a limit spring (25) being fixedly connected between the baffle and the sealing protrusion (27).

3. The laser cutting machine for metal material processing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The laser emitting portion comprises a laser emitter (3) slidably mounted in a laser head (2), a sliding cylinder (22) being fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the laser emitter (3), an annular groove being provided on the top surface of the heat-conducting ring (8), a convex block capable of being embedded in the annular groove being provided on the bottom surface of the sliding cylinder (22), and a side wall of the sliding cylinder (22) being connected to an external vacuum pumping device.

4. The laser cutting machine for metal material processing according to claim 3, characterized in that: A protective mirror (4) is provided at the bottom end of the light beam channel (5), and a jet device is provided below the protective mirror (4), wherein the jet device can eject high-pressure gas coaxial with the light beam.

5. The laser cutting machine for metal material processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Anti-seismic damping is provided on both sides of the sliding plate (7).

6. The laser cutting machine for metal material processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the two polymer plates (12) are away from each other, the distance between the two locking holes (15) thereon and the sliding plate (7) is greater than the distance between the locking pin (30) and the sliding plate (7).

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