Domestic sewage treatment device and method based on automatic oxygenation

Abstract

The invention discloses a domestic sewage treatment device based on automatic oxygenation, the domestic sewage treatment device comprises a first treatment tank and a second treatment tank, the first treatment tank is internally provided with an anaerobic reaction tank and an aerobic reaction tank, the upper ends of the anaerobic reaction tank and the aerobic reaction tank are open, the anaerobic reaction tank is filled with a spherical anaerobic material, and the spherical anaerobic material is used for performing anaerobic digestion treatment on organic matters in sewage; the aerobic reaction tank is arranged at the periphery of the anaerobic reaction tank, and the aerobic reaction tank is filled with aerobic combined filler and is used for carrying out oxygenolysis treatment on sewage subjected to anaerobic digestion treatment by the anaerobic reaction tank; a water distribution oxygenation plate is arranged at the top end of the aerobic reaction tank; the second treatment tank is communicated with the aerobic reaction tank through a pipeline, and a dephosphorization composite filler is arranged in the middle of the second treatment tank and is used for dephosphorizing and precipitating the sewage subjected to oxygenolysis treatment. According to the domestic sewage treatment method based on automatic oxygenation, automatic oxygenation is realized by adopting an unpowered efficient oxygenation technology, and meanwhile, the oxygenation efficiency is improved by utilizing a hedging mode that the flow directions of airflow and sewage are opposite.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and in particular relates to a domestic sewage treatment device based on automatic oxygenation and a method thereof. Background Art

[0002] According to the current drainage situation in rural areas, most rural domestic sewage treatment methods adopt biological treatment methods, mainly small-scale, highly integrated equipment and facilities. Rural domestic sewage has different characteristics from urban sewage. Rural domestic sewage is mainly washed, bathed and some sanitary ware drainage, and the amount of water varies due to differences in regional economic levels. Rural domestic sewage generally has the characteristics of small drainage volume, relatively high organic matter concentration, COD maximum concentration can reach 400-500mg / L, large daily variation coefficient, generally between 3-6, intermittent discharge, etc.

[0003] There are various decentralized treatment technologies for rural domestic sewage. The existing technologies mainly include biological treatment technologies based on activated sludge method (anaerobic (anoxic)-aerobic method, multi-stage A / O method, SBR and its improved process CASS method, oxidation ditch method, membrane bioreactor method (MBR) method, etc.); biofilm method (biological contact oxidation method, biological rotary disc method, biological filter, etc.); anaerobic biological treatment method (septic tank, anaerobic biological filter); ecological treatment method (artificial wetland, stabilization pond, underground soil infiltration, artificial rapid infiltration treatment technology) and septic tank treatment method. Each technology has its own advantages and characteristics. Among them, biological treatment technology can reduce the concentration of pollutants in sewage; ecological treatment technology can reduce the difficulty of management and control operating costs. With the help of combined treatment technology, the system treatment efficiency can be further improved and improvement methods can be explored. The frequency of using combined treatment technology in my country's rural decentralized governance technology is relatively high. More and more rural domestic sewage household decentralized treatment processes are applied to integrated sewage treatment devices, which is the development trend of rural domestic sewage treatment.

[0004] The purification tank is an integrated sewage treatment equipment, which is mainly used for the treatment of decentralized domestic sewage. Multiple process steps are concentrated in the tank. Its technical principle is to combine biochemical treatment and physical treatment, and reduce the concentration of pollutants in sewage through microbial decomposition and physical precipitation. The buried biological purification tank is used to treat rural domestic sewage. Its ammonia nitrogen, biochemical oxygen demand BOD5, turbidity, total nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand, and total phosphorus removal rates are all good, which is suitable for the decentralized characteristics of rural domestic sewage and has practical significance for rural promotion and application. However, it still has some shortcomings: 1. The anaerobic capacity of the device is limited, and the treatment efficiency of solid particles in sewage is limited when the concentration is high; 2. An aeration device needs to be set up, and the energy consumption of the external power supply is large, the cost is high, and it is not easy to maintain; 3. Long-term use of scum and sediment is more, and it needs to be manually cleaned every once in a while, which increases the cost of manpower and material resources. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a domestic sewage treatment device based on automatic oxygenation and a method thereof, aiming to solve the problem that photovoltaic power generation is used in the prior art, and then a large amount of losses are caused in the process of DC to AC conversion. At the same time, in order to meet the high-power electricity demand, a large number of photovoltaics are used, and the investment is large, which far exceeds the electricity demand of small sewage treatment equipment.

[0006] The present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions: A domestic sewage treatment device based on automatic oxygenation comprises a first treatment tank and a second treatment tank, wherein the first treatment tank is provided with an anaerobic reaction tank and an aerobic reaction tank with an open top, the anaerobic reaction tank is filled with spherical anaerobic materials for anaerobic digestion of organic matter in sewage; the aerobic reaction tank is arranged around the anaerobic reaction tank, the aerobic reaction tank is filled with aerobic composite fillers for oxidative decomposition of sewage after anaerobic digestion in the anaerobic reaction tank; the top of the aerobic reaction tank is provided with a water distribution and oxygenation plate; The second treatment tank is connected to the aerobic reaction tank pipeline, and a phosphorus removal composite filler is arranged in the middle of the second treatment tank for performing phosphorus removal precipitation on the sewage after the oxidation and decomposition treatment.

[0007] To optimize the above technical solutions, the specific measures taken also include: Furthermore, the heights of the anaerobic reaction tank and the aerobic reaction tank are both lower than the height of the first treatment tank.

[0008] Furthermore, the height of the water distribution and oxygenation plate after being arranged on the aerobic reaction tank is not higher than that of the anaerobic reaction tank.

[0009] Furthermore, a sludge discharge funnel is provided at the bottom end of the anaerobic reaction tank and the bottom end of the second treatment tank, and a sludge discharge pipe is provided at the bottom of the sludge discharge funnel.

[0010] Furthermore, a water distribution pipe is provided at the lower end of the anaerobic reaction tank, and the water distribution pipe is arranged in a grid shape.

[0011] Furthermore, two filter screens are arranged inside the anaerobic reaction tank, and the two filter screens are respectively arranged horizontally at the upper and lower parts of the anaerobic reaction tank, and the spherical anaerobic material is arranged inside the two filter screens, and the mesh of the filter screen is smaller than the mesh of the spherical anaerobic material.

[0012] Furthermore, an isolation plate is provided at the lower part of the aerobic reaction tank, and an isolation hole is opened on the isolation plate. The diameter of the isolation hole is smaller than the diameter of the aerobic combination filler, and the aerobic combination filler is arranged above the isolation plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the water distribution and oxygenation plate includes an upper oxygenation plate and a lower oxygenation plate which are horizontally spaced apart, and a plurality of water distribution holes are alternately arranged on the upper oxygenation plate and the lower oxygenation plate, and the flow direction of sewage through the water distribution and oxygenation plate is opposite to the flow direction of air through the water distribution and oxygenation plate.

[0014] Furthermore, a heat collecting cover made of a transparent material is arranged on the top of the first treatment tank, an exhaust pipe is arranged on the heat collecting cover, a non-powered rotating shaft fan is arranged on the top of the exhaust pipe, an air inlet pipe is arranged on the upper end of the aerobic reaction tank, the lower end of the air inlet pipe is arranged on the lower end of the water distribution and oxygenation plate, the upper end of the air inlet pipe passes through the heat collecting cover, and a rain cap is arranged on the top of the air inlet pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, two partitions are horizontally spaced apart inside the second treatment pool, both of the partitions are provided with through holes, the phosphorus removal composite filler is arranged between the two partitions, and the aperture of the through hole is smaller than that of the phosphorus removal composite filler.

[0016] A method for treating domestic sewage based on automatic oxygenation comprises the following steps: The air in the heat collecting cover expands due to the heat, and the hot air is discharged from the exhaust pipe. The flow rate of the exhaust pipe airflow and the flow rate of the intake pipe are monitored; According to the air flow rate of the exhaust pipe and the air inlet pipe, the flow rate of the sewage inlet pipe is adjusted so that the sewage flows from top to bottom from the water distribution and oxygenation plate at the set flow rate.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the present invention: Compared with the prior art, the domestic sewage treatment device of the present invention can achieve sewage flow degradation treatment by relying on sewage overflow and gravity during sewage treatment. No additional mechanical and electrical equipment is required to drive the sewage to flow. The device has good operating stability, low failure rate, and does not require special personnel management.

[0018] This device combines multiple functions such as simultaneous nitrification and denitrification, filtration, phosphorus removal, sedimentation, and ecological purification through a layout structure of multiple pools, forming an integrated design to achieve the purpose of multi-purpose use of one pool and save floor space. This device can be set as an underground type according to the usage scenario, and the area above the device can be used as green land, which will not affect or damage the environment, will not change the nature of the land, will not be affected by climatic conditions, and has good adaptability.

[0019] The domestic sewage treatment method of the present invention adopts non-powered high-efficiency oxygenation technology to realize automatic circulation of sewage oxygenation, and at the same time utilizes the hedging method of the opposite flow directions of air flow and sewage to greatly improve the oxygenation efficiency, and does not require additional energy to provide power, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1The present invention is a flow chart of a domestic sewage treatment device based on automatic oxygenation.

[0021] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Another perspective structural diagram of .

[0022] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: anaerobic reaction tank 10, filter screen 11, spherical anaerobic material 12, aerobic reaction tank 20, aerobic composite filler 21, isolation plate 22, water distribution and oxygenation plate 23, upper oxygenation plate 231, lower oxygenation plate 232, water distribution hole 24, heat collecting cover 30, exhaust duct 31, unpowered rotating shaft fan 32, air inlet duct 33, rain cap 34, second treatment tank 40, L-shaped connecting pipe 41, partition 42, phosphorus removal composite filler 43, sludge discharge funnel 50, guide plate 60, water inlet pipe 70, hydroponic plants 80. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0024] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0025] Reference Figure 1-Figure 2 The present embodiment provides a domestic sewage treatment device based on automatic oxygenation, including a first treatment tank and a second treatment tank 40. An anaerobic reaction tank 10 and an aerobic reaction tank 20 are arranged inside the first treatment tank. The sewage first passes through the anaerobic reaction tank 10 for anaerobic digestion treatment, then enters the aerobic reaction tank 20 for oxidative decomposition treatment, and finally enters the second treatment tank 40 for phosphorus removal and precipitation treatment. The treated sewage is discharged through a pipeline.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, an anaerobic reaction tank 10 and an aerobic reaction tank 20 with open tops are provided in the first treatment tank. Two filter screens 11 are provided inside the anaerobic reaction tank 10. The two filter screens 11 are horizontally arranged at the upper and lower parts of the anaerobic reaction tank 10, respectively. Spherical anaerobic materials 12 composed of polypropylene and polyurethane are arranged inside the two filter screens 11. The mesh of the filter screen 11 is smaller than the mesh of the spherical anaerobic material 12. In this way, the spherical anaerobic material 12 is always kept at a certain height position inside the anaerobic reaction tank 10, so that the anaerobic treatment effect is always kept in a high-efficiency anaerobic digestion treatment state.

[0027] The aerobic reaction tank 20 is arranged around the anaerobic reaction tank 10. The interior of the aerobic reaction tank 20 is filled with an aerobic combination filler 21 composed of polypropylene, ammoniated fiber, polyester yarn, etc., which is used to oxidatively decompose the sewage after anaerobic digestion treatment in the anaerobic reaction tank 10; in order to keep the aerobic combination filler 21 always distributed at a certain height position inside the aerobic reaction tank 20, an isolation plate 22 is arranged at the lower part of the aerobic reaction tank 20, and an isolation hole is opened on the isolation plate 22. The diameter of the isolation hole is smaller than the diameter of the aerobic combination filler 21, and the aerobic combination filler 21 is arranged above the isolation plate 22.

[0028] In order to increase the oxygen content in the aerobic reaction tank 20, a water distribution and oxygenation plate 23 is arranged at the top of the aerobic reaction tank 20. The height of the water distribution and oxygenation plate 23 after being arranged on the aerobic reaction tank 20 is not higher than the anaerobic reaction tank 10, so as to ensure that the water flows smoothly from the anaerobic reaction tank 10 into the aerobic reaction tank 20. The water distribution and oxygenation plate 23 includes an upper oxygenation plate 231 and a lower oxygenation plate 232 arranged horizontally at intervals. A plurality of water distribution holes 24 are staggered on the upper oxygenation plate 231 and the lower oxygenation plate 232, that is, the water distribution holes 24 on the upper oxygenation plate 231 and the lower oxygenation plate 232 are not in the same position in the numerical direction. The water flows through the upper oxygenation plate 231 and the lower oxygenation plate 232, and then flows into the interior of the aerobic reaction tank 20. The lower oxygenation plate 232 maintains a certain height with the water surface, which is convenient for convection with the air and dissolves oxygen to the maximum extent.

[0029] The aerobic reaction tank 20 adopts natural oxygenation, the oxygen content of the upper sewage is higher and less at the bottom. When the water flows through the filler layer, the oxygen content in the water forms a vertical concentration gradient that decreases from top to bottom. At the same time, since the contact oxidation method is adopted in the aerobic reaction tank 20, the external oxygen supply of the biofilm composed of the aerobic composite filler is sufficient, and the internal oxygen supply is less, so that the concentration gradient of oxygen content is formed from the outside to the inside of the biofilm. The above arrangement can promote the formation of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in the aerobic reaction tank 20 to achieve the effect of denitrification.

[0030] The heights of the anaerobic reaction tank 10 and the aerobic reaction tank 20 are both lower than that of the first treatment tank. A heat collecting cover 30 made of transparent material is arranged on the top of the first treatment tank, and a circulation space is formed below the heat collecting cover 30 and above the first treatment tank. An exhaust duct 31 is arranged on the heat collecting cover 30, and a non-powered rotating shaft fan 32 is arranged at the top of the exhaust duct 31, which can utilize the natural wind in nature or the convection inside and outside the device to drive rotation and improve the ventilation effect; an air inlet duct 33 is arranged at the upper end of the aerobic reaction tank 20, and the lower end of the air inlet duct 33 is arranged at the lower end of the water distribution and oxygenation plate 23, the upper end of the air inlet duct 33 passes through the heat collecting cover 30, and the top of the air inlet duct 33 is provided with a rain cap 34.

[0031] like Figure 2As shown, the exhaust pipe 31, the air inlet pipe 33, the water distribution oxygenation plate 23, and the circulation space constitute an oxygenation circulation loop, and the specific principle is as follows: The heat collecting cover 30 will gather heat, causing the space in the circulation space to expand due to the heat, and then the hot air in the circulation space will be discharged from the exhaust pipe 31. After the hot air is discharged, the pressure in the circulation space will become lower, thus forming a negative pressure, and then the outside air will be sucked from the air inlet pipe 33 to the bottom of the water distribution and oxygenation plate 23, and then the air will pass through the lower oxygenation plate 232 and the upper oxygenation plate 231 in turn upward and enter the circulation space, thus completing a cycle, and then the air in the circulation space will expand due to the heat again and automatically enter the next cycle. At the same time, the sewage continues to flow from top to bottom through the upper oxygenation plate 231 and the lower oxygenation plate 232. When the wastewater enters and flows through the two oxygenation plates, a water film will be formed on the plate, and then it will be evenly divided into small water columns through the water distribution holes 24, and finally enter the aerobic reaction tank 20.

[0032] The flow direction of sewage through the water distribution and oxygenation plate 23 is opposite to the flow direction of air through the water distribution and oxygenation plate 23. The strong water vapor convection improves the oxygenation efficiency. Then the air is deflected and passes between the two layers of oxygenation plates. Since the water flow on the water distribution plate forms a water film, the contact area between air and water is increased, thereby improving the oxygenation efficiency.

[0033] The sewage after aerobic treatment is gathered at the bottom of the aerobic reaction tank 20. An inverted L-shaped connecting pipe 41 is arranged between the aerobic reaction tank 20 and the second treatment tank 40. The vertical end of the L-shaped connecting pipe 41 is arranged in the aerobic reaction tank 20. The horizontal end of the L-shaped connecting pipe 41 connects the aerobic reaction tank 20 and the second treatment tank 40. In order to improve the sewage transportation efficiency, the connection between the vertical end and the horizontal end of the L-shaped connecting pipe 41 forms an arc-shaped fillet. Under the action of gravity, the sewage enters the L-shaped connecting pipe 41 from the lower end of the L-shaped connecting pipe 41, and then flows into the second treatment tank 40 from the horizontal end of the L-shaped connecting pipe 41. In order to ensure uniform water distribution, a guide plate is arranged at the water outlet of the L-shaped connecting pipe 41.

[0034] Two partitions 42 are arranged horizontally in the second treatment pool 40, and through holes are arranged on the two partitions 42. The phosphorus removal composite filler is arranged between the two partitions 42, and the aperture of the through hole is smaller than that of the phosphorus removal composite filler such as zeolite and ceramsite. Hydroponic plants are planted above the second treatment pool 40. The hydroponic plants can absorb pollutants such as COD, TN, TP, etc., and the developed root system at the bottom can play a role similar to contact oxidation. The whole system can play a biological purification role, and at the same time has certain economic benefits and ornamental value.

[0035] A sludge discharge funnel is provided at the bottom of the anaerobic reaction tank 10 and the bottom of the second treatment tank 40. A sludge discharge pipe is provided at the bottom of the sludge discharge funnel. During the sludge discharge process, the bottom sludge is regularly sucked out by a sewage suction device for treatment.

[0036] A method for treating domestic sewage based on automatic oxygenation comprises the following steps: The air in the heat collecting cover expands due to the heat, and the hot air is discharged from the exhaust pipe. The flow rate of the exhaust pipe airflow and the flow rate of the intake pipe are monitored; According to the air flow rate of the exhaust pipe and the air inlet pipe, the flow rate of the sewage inlet pipe is adjusted so that the sewage flows from top to bottom from the water distribution and oxygenation plate at the set flow rate.

[0037] By monitoring the flow rate of air and sewage, the amount of oxygen dissolved in the sewage can be further increased to ensure efficient operation inside the aerobic reaction tank.

[0038] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A domestic sewage treatment device based on automatic oxygenation, characterized in that: It comprises a first treatment tank and a second treatment tank, wherein the first treatment tank is provided with an anaerobic reaction tank and an aerobic reaction tank with an open top, wherein the anaerobic reaction tank is filled with spherical anaerobic materials for anaerobic digestion of organic matter in sewage; the aerobic reaction tank is arranged around the anaerobic reaction tank, wherein the aerobic reaction tank is filled with aerobic composite fillers for oxidative decomposition of sewage after anaerobic digestion in the anaerobic reaction tank; and a water distribution and oxygenation plate is provided at the top of the aerobic reaction tank; The second treatment tank is connected to the aerobic reaction tank pipeline, and a phosphorus removal composite filler is arranged in the middle of the second treatment tank for performing phosphorus removal precipitation on the sewage after the oxidation and decomposition treatment.

2. A domestic sewage treatment device based on automatic oxygenation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heights of the anaerobic reaction tank and the aerobic reaction tank are both lower than that of the first treatment tank, and the height of the aerobic reaction tank after a water distribution and oxygenation plate is arranged is not higher than that of the anaerobic reaction tank.

3. The domestic sewage treatment device based on automatic oxygenation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom ends of the anaerobic reaction tank and the second treatment tank are both provided with a mud discharge funnel, and the bottom of the mud discharge funnel is provided with a mud discharge pipeline.

4. The domestic sewage treatment device based on automatic oxygenation according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A water distribution pipeline is arranged at the lower end of the anaerobic reaction tank, and the water distribution pipeline is arranged in a grid shape.

5. The domestic sewage treatment device based on automatic oxygenation according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Two filter screens are arranged inside the anaerobic reaction tank, and the two filter screens are respectively arranged horizontally at the upper part and the lower part of the anaerobic reaction tank. The spherical anaerobic material is arranged inside the two filter screens, and the mesh of the filter screen is smaller than the mesh of the spherical anaerobic material.

6. The domestic sewage treatment device based on automatic oxygenation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An isolation plate is arranged at the lower part of the aerobic reaction tank, and an isolation hole is opened on the isolation plate. The diameter of the isolation hole is smaller than the diameter of the aerobic combination filler, and the aerobic combination filler is arranged above the isolation plate.

7. The domestic sewage treatment device based on automatic oxygenation according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The water distribution and oxygenation plate comprises an upper oxygenation plate and a lower oxygenation plate which are horizontally spaced apart, and a plurality of water distribution holes are alternately arranged on the upper oxygenation plate and the lower oxygenation plate, and the flow direction of sewage through the water distribution and oxygenation plate is opposite to the flow direction of air through the water distribution and oxygenation plate.

8. The domestic sewage treatment device based on automatic oxygenation according to claim 7 is characterized in that: A heat collecting cover made of transparent material is arranged on the top of the first treatment tank, an exhaust pipe is arranged on the heat collecting cover, a non-powered rotating shaft fan is arranged on the top of the exhaust pipe, an air inlet pipe is arranged on the upper end of the aerobic reaction tank, the lower end of the air inlet pipe is arranged on the lower end of the water distribution and oxygenation plate, the upper end of the air inlet pipe passes through the heat collecting cover, and a rain cap is arranged on the top of the air inlet pipe.

9. The domestic sewage treatment device based on automatic oxygenation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Two partitions are horizontally spaced apart inside the second treatment pool, both of which are provided with through holes, and the phosphorus removal composite filler is arranged between the two partitions, and the aperture of the through hole is smaller than that of the phosphorus removal composite filler.

10. A method for treating domestic sewage using the domestic sewage treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The air in the heat collecting cover expands due to the heat, and the hot air is discharged from the exhaust pipe. The flow rate of the exhaust pipe airflow and the flow rate of the intake pipe are monitored; According to the air flow rate of the exhaust pipe and the air inlet pipe, the flow rate of the sewage inlet pipe is adjusted so that the sewage flows from top to bottom from the water distribution and oxygenation plate at the set flow rate.

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