Automatic humidification output stopping controller

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic humidification output stopping controller which comprises a humidifier, a heating coil, a regulating valve, a monitoring alarm unit and a control unit, the control unit comprises a sensor, an output control module and a processor, and the sensor is used for collecting data; the processor is in communication connection with the sensor, and the processor is configured to receive humidity data from the sensor and control output of humidifying equipment according to the sensor data; the output control module is connected with the processor and used for starting or stopping humidifying output of humidifying equipment according to an instruction of the processor; the adjusting valve is used for adjusting the flow rate or flow of gas so as to meet the humidification requirement, the heating coil is connected with the humidifier and the gas pipeline, the monitoring and alarming unit comprises an alarming module, a fault module and a signal receiving and transmitting module, and the monitoring and alarming unit is connected with the control unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of controllers, in particular to an automatic humidification output stop controller. Background Art

[0002] With the development of sensor technology and microprocessors, automated control has become more and more popular and efficient. Humidity sensors can accurately measure the moisture content in the air, while microprocessors can quickly process this data and make corresponding control decisions. Ventilators are commonly used instruments in intensive care units, and most patients in intensive care units need to use ventilators. The correct use of ventilator humidification devices can effectively humidify the airway, dilute sputum, and prevent lung infections. During the use of the ventilator, sterile sterilized water for injection should be added to the humidification tank in a timely manner to maintain a certain water level. A ventilator is a device that can replace, control or change a person's normal physiological breathing. In the prior art, a ventilator includes a host, an air supply pipe and a breathing mask; an air inlet and an exhaust port are provided on the host, one end of the air supply pipe is connected to the exhaust port, and the other end of the air supply pipe is connected to the breathing mask, and the air supply pipe is a corrugated pipe. It should be noted that a fan is provided in the host, and after the fan is started, external gas can enter from the air inlet of the host and be discharged from the exhaust port of the host. The ventilator also includes a water tank, which is provided with an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe. The air inlet pipe is connected to the exhaust port, and the air outlet pipe is used to connect to the air supply pipe. The host is also provided with a heating device for vaporizing the water in the water tank, thereby achieving the purpose of gas humidification.

[0003] The water volume control in the humidifier tank for the ventilator heating humidifier in the prior art is not safe enough. The existing automatic water-adding humidifier tanks have only one safety limit switch to control the water level of automatic water addition, and the lack of a controller cannot automatically control the ventilator well, which will cause inconvenience to the user when the ventilator is in use.

[0004] During the humidification output test of medical equipment, ensuring accurate control of gas output is crucial to the accuracy of the test results. In the prior art, manual operation or timer control is usually relied on to shut down the gas output. However, due to the differences in operating logic of different models of ventilators and humidifiers, these methods have significant deficiencies in practical applications:

[0005] Manual operation: At the end of the humidification output test, the operator manually turns off the gas output. This method relies on the operator's experience and reaction speed, has the risk of human error, and it is difficult to ensure the consistency of the results of each test.

[0006] Timer control: By presetting the timer, the gas output is automatically turned off after the set time. Although this method reduces the error of manual operation, due to the different requirements of different models of equipment on gas flow and humidification time, the fixed timer is difficult to adapt to the needs of all equipment, and there are problems of design complexity and increased cost.

[0007] The main problems and shortcomings of the existing technology include:

[0008] Poor consistency: Neither manual operation nor timer control can guarantee that the results of each test are completely consistent, which affects the reliability of the test.

[0009] Lack of adaptability: Different models of ventilators and humidifiers have differences in operating logic and performance requirements, and existing methods are difficult to flexibly adapt to the needs of various devices.

[0010] Complex operation: Manual operation depends on the operator's proficiency, which increases the complexity of the operation and the workload.

[0011] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an automatic stop humidification output controller to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0012] The purpose of this section is to summarize some aspects of the embodiments of the present invention and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the abstract of the specification and the title of the invention of this application to avoid blurring the purpose of this section, the abstract of the specification and the title of the invention, and such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0013] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an automatic stop humidification output controller, characterized in that it includes a humidifier, a heating coil, a regulating valve, a monitoring alarm unit and a control unit, the control unit includes a sensor, an output control module and a processor, the sensor is used to collect data; the processor is communicatively connected with the sensor, the processor is configured to receive humidity data from the sensor and control the output of the humidification device according to the sensor data; the output control module is connected with the processor, and is used to start or stop the humidification output of the humidification device according to the instruction of the processor; the regulating valve is used to adjust the gas flow rate or flow to meet the humidification demand, the heating coil is connected with the humidifier and the gas pipeline, the monitoring alarm unit includes an alarm module, a fault module and a signal transceiver module, and the monitoring alarm unit is connected with the control unit;

[0014] When the processor detects that the ambient humidity reaches a preset threshold, the processor sends a stop command to the output control module to cut off the power supply of the humidification device.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the automatic stop humidification output controller of the present invention, the controller also includes a data acquisition module, an alarm module, a data processing module, and the data acquisition module, the alarm module and the data module are connected, and the humidity sensor is a digital humidity sensor.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the automatic stop humidification output controller of the present invention, the output control module includes a relay, and the relay disconnects the power supply of the humidification device when receiving a stop command issued by the processor.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the automatic stop humidification output controller of the present invention, the processor is also configured to execute an energy-saving mode to reduce the energy consumption of the humidification equipment during non-working hours.

[0018] As a preferred solution of the automatic stop humidification output controller described in the present invention, it also includes a communication module and a storage unit. The communication module is used to communicate with external equipment through a wireless network to remotely monitor and control the operation of the humidification equipment; the storage unit is used to store humidity historical data and user-set parameters.

[0019] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The controller of the present invention adopts PID control, does not need to establish an accurate mathematical model of the object, combines fuzzy control with PID control, intelligently adjusts PID parameters, can well solve the nonlinear problem of the system, and has better robustness, rapidity and accuracy than other automatic control systems. Improve consistency: By automatically controlling the gas output, human error is eliminated to ensure the consistency of the results of each test; Strong adaptability: By setting different time parameters and control logic through software, it can flexibly adapt to different models of ventilators and humidifiers. Simplify operation: Reduce the workload of operators and improve the convenience and efficiency of operation; Safe and reliable: Real-time monitoring of gas pressure ensures the safety of system operation and avoids risks caused by abnormal pressure; Low cost: Using Arduino and common electric valves, the design complexity of the system is reduced and it is easy to promote and apply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative labor.

[0021] in:

[0022] Figure 1 This is an operation flow chart of the automatic stop humidification output controller according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a step diagram from the start to the end of the test of the automatic stop humidification output controller described in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0026] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to schematic diagrams. When describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, for the sake of convenience, the cross-sectional diagrams showing the device structure will not be partially enlarged according to the general scale, and the schematic diagrams are only examples, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, in actual production, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included.

[0027] Furthermore, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] Reference Figure 1-2The first embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic humidification output stop controller, an automatic humidification output stop controller, characterized in that it includes a humidifier, a heating coil, a regulating valve, a monitoring and alarm unit and a control unit, the control unit includes a sensor, an output control module and a processor, the sensor is used to detect data; the processor is communicatively connected to the sensor, the processor is configured to receive humidity data from the sensor and control the output of the humidification device according to the sensor data; the output control module, the output control module is connected to the processor, and is used to start or stop the humidification output of the humidification device according to the instruction of the processor; the regulating valve is used to adjust the gas flow rate or flow to meet the humidification demand, the heating coil is connected to the humidifier and the gas pipeline, the monitoring and alarm unit includes an alarm module, a fault module and a signal transceiver module, the monitoring and alarm unit is connected to the control unit; wherein, when the processor detects that the ambient humidity reaches a preset threshold, it sends a stop command to the output control module to cut off the power supply of the humidification device.

[0030] Among them, when the processor detects that the ambient humidity reaches a preset threshold, it sends a stop command to the output control module to cut off the power supply of the humidification device. Specifically, the sensor is an intelligent sensor, and the intelligent sensor node integrates a vibration sensor, a flow sensor, and a temperature and humidity sensor to perform multimodal data acquisition and obtain multimodal data; a measuring point is set on the constructed ventilator mathematical model, and a gas pressure and pressure difference sensing device is installed. The upper limit of the pressure sensor should be above 20cmH20, and its measurement accuracy should be below 0.1cmH20. The pressure difference sensor is used to measure the gas flow in conjunction with the throttle orifice plate, and the sensor device installed on the ventilator is adjusted to the same working state as the ventilator, so there is no need to set the continuous working time of the sensor, and the automatic detection time interval of the real-time working parameters of the ventilator is set to 0.5S. The detection result of the current working state of the ventilator is obtained through the real-time ventilation frequency, respiratory ratio, airway pressure and other ventilator working parameters. The function of the input and output interface in the fuzzy controller is to realize the format of the input signal, controller and output signal, and ensure that the controller and execution can receive normally. If the controlled and observed signals are analog signals, then an analog / digital converter must be added to the input interface, and a digital / modal converter must be set at the output end. The control target is a device directly controlled by the actuator. The control target has the characteristics of linearity, nonlinearity, steady state, and time-varying, and its operating conditions are often affected by external disturbances. In the actual control process, the real-time collected precise working parameters a(p) of the ventilator are converted into fuzzy quantities, and the gas pressure error and error change rate of the controller are obtained using the formula.

[0031]

[0032] Where T(p) and P set T set represents the actual pressure and set pressure of the ventilator at time p, a(p) and a(p-1) represent the gas pressure error values ​​at time p and p-1 respectively. The calculated results are used as the control quantity of the fuzzy controller. c When it is close to the set value, the fuzzy controller outputs smaller positive and negative results without changing the error change rate, which means that the pressure change rate remains unchanged. In the case of large gas pressure deviation and small error, the proportional coefficient k must be increased to improve the reaction rate of the system. p , reduce the differential action coefficient K d , and at the same time reduce the integral action coefficient K i , to reduce overload. If the error value and error change rate are moderate and relatively stable, k p and K i The value remains unchanged, and K is appropriately reduced d If a and a c If a is small and a c When it is larger, just reduce K d , until the error value is reduced to 0. According to the adjustment basis of the above fuzzy error and error change rate parameters, the fuzzy control rule can be obtained. Based on the set fuzzy control rule, the ventilator working parameters input into the controller in real time are judged to obtain the fuzzy control quantity, and the accurate pressure control output signal is obtained after conversion.

[0033]

[0034] In the formula, u(k) represents the sensitivity parameter control output of the ventilator pressure regulation, which is

[0035] The expression is:

[0036]

[0037] In the formula, u(k) represents the automatic pressure regulation control function of the ventilator, Denotes an integer solution function. Substituting the calculation result of formula (2) into formula (1), the setting result of the automatic pressure regulation control constraint parameters of the ventilator is obtained.

[0038] By calculating the average value, it was found that the average pressure regulation errors of the ventilator automatic pressure regulation technology in the S-type and S / T-type ventilation modes were 0.21cmH 2O and 0.16cmH 2O, respectively, both lower than 0.5cmH 2O, meeting the accuracy requirements of the pressure regulation technology.

[0039] The principle of the humidifier for ventilator is to heat and humidify the airflow. The wet airflow is heated and humidified by passing through the surface of hot water, and the heating temperature is controlled by setting the temperature control knob. This temperature can be monitored through the digital display. The use of a humidifier can reduce the stimulation of mechanical ventilation on the cardiopulmonary system and improve the patient's adaptability to mechanical ventilation; keep the alveoli moist, enhance their activity, and promote gas exchange; keep the airway and airway secretions moist, which is conducive to suctioning sputum and preventing airway obstruction. The humidification temperature of the ventilator is usually set between 35-37℃, and the humidification temperature of the ventilator can be adjusted on the display according to the patient's needs and medical advice. When the ventilator is started, the control unit will detect the current working mode of the ventilator, and the sensor will obtain the amplitude of the air pressure, and start the fuzzy controller according to the amplitude of the air pressure. The fuzzy controller will calculate the fuzzy control amount based on whether it is in the inhalation rising state. If so, it will start to calculate the fuzzy control amount, and then the fan will be braked when it is in the exhalation state. When the fuzzy controller is started and detects that it is not in the inhalation rising state, it is not in the exhalation state either, and the fan braking will generate an analog control signal at this time; when the controller detects that it is not in the exhalation state, it will stop. When it detects that it is in the exhalation state, it will generate and calculate the fuzzy control amount and generate a fuzzy control signal at the same time.

[0040] When using a ventilator, heated humidification can compensate for the heat and moisture lost through the airway during mechanical ventilation, helping to reduce the patient's respiratory discomfort, especially in a dry environment. Choosing the right humidification temperature can make the patient more comfortable.

[0041] It is a common choice to set the humidification temperature of the ventilator to a temperature close to human body temperature, such as 35-37°C. Humidification temperature that is too low or too high can dry the respiratory mucosa and cause sputum to crust. Too high a temperature can cause burns to the patient's airway mucosa and fever.

[0042] Different ventilators and humidification devices may have some differences in design. Therefore, when using the humidification function of the ventilator, the ventilator parameters should be adjusted with the help of a doctor to ensure normal use and safety.

[0043] It should be noted that, during the ventilator ventilation process, the flow rates of inhaled gas, exhaled gas, exhausted gas and returned gas are not equal, so the gas in each segment cannot be directly superimposed and calculated. However, through the mathematical model, the flow rate and concentration parameters of each segment are simply calculated, and the concentrations of the above parts can be converted into concentrations at the same flow rate, which can be directly calculated, that is, the ratio at the same flow rate after calculation by the mathematical model.

[0044] The main function of a ventilator humidifier is to provide patients with heated and humidified gas during mechanical ventilation. This is because the natural breathing process heats and humidifies the inhaled air through the upper respiratory tract (nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx), making it close to body temperature and 100% relative humidity. When using a ventilator, especially for patients with tracheotomy, due to the loss of this natural regulatory function of the upper respiratory tract, dry gas directly entering the lungs may cause a series of problems, such as dry mucosa, ciliary dysfunction, increased viscosity of secretions, and difficulty in clearing airway secretions.

[0045] Humidifier: This is the main device responsible for humidifying the gas. It may be a heated water tank that increases the humidity of the gas through water vapor.

[0046] Temperature sensor: used to detect the temperature of the humidified gas and send the signal to the control system.

[0047] Control Unit: This is the brain of the system, it receives information from temperature sensors and other monitoring devices and adjusts the humidifier's operating state according to preset target values. The control unit is responsible for ensuring that the gas is delivered to the patient at the correct temperature.

[0048] Heated coils: In some advanced systems, the tubing connecting the humidifier to the patient has heated wires to keep the gas warm throughout delivery.

[0049] Regulating valve: used to adjust the gas flow rate or flow to meet humidification requirements.

[0050] Display and user interface: Medical staff can set parameters according to patient needs, such as target temperature, humidity level, etc., and display real-time information.

[0051] Feedback mechanism: Through the system feedback effect after use, it can be ensured that the system can dynamically adjust its operation according to the actual measured data to achieve the best humidification effect.

[0052] Monitoring and alarm system: If the humidification system fails or the working conditions deviate from the preset range, the monitoring and alarm system will sound an alarm to alert medical personnel.

[0053] The above components work together to ensure that the gas provided by the ventilator can enter the patient's respiratory tract under the correct conditions, thereby providing effective support and avoiding damage caused by dry gas. The control unit can intelligently and automatically stop or turn on the humidifier. The PLC module used in the controller contains a total of 5 signal simulators and 10 input signal amplifiers. The disinfection and sterilization module has twelve output signal communication points and four sets of backup energy, which can ensure that the disinfection and sterilization of the nursing ventilator can proceed normally when the working voltage is abnormal. The transmission between signals is based on fuzzy rules, as shown in formula (3):

[0054]

[0055] Where, e represents the contraction factor between signals, J 1 , J 0 They represent the output signal and input signal under normal circumstances, and the loss rate during signal transmission is recorded as S eo When an abnormality occurs in the circuit, the output and input signals of the abnormal circuit are compared using J 1 , J1 Indicates that 0 , p, a are the proportional factors between signals. Loss rate and proportional factor are important parameters of the signal. A small change in the two can lead to a large change in the device variable domain, which in turn affects the output of the controller. In the operation of the controller, the variable domain can achieve accurate positioning of the output value range through the lag time. The hardware composition of the controller includes the following parts and the steps when using it, refer to Figure 2 Arduino UNO microcontroller: As the core control unit of the system, it is responsible for processing all input signals and controlling the output to the solenoid valve. It provides sufficient digital I / O interfaces for controlling the solenoid valve and receiving input signals from the manual button. The solenoid valve (2W-160-15 solenoid valve) is installed on the humidification output gas pipeline to control the flow direction and flow of the gas. It is driven by Arduino through a relay module to safely handle high voltage and current.

[0056] Manual control button: connected to the digital input of the Arduino, allowing the operator to manually start or stop the test.

[0057] Relay module: Receives control signals from Arduino and drives the solenoid valve to switch on and off. Ensures that the Arduino control signal is safely isolated from the high-voltage power supply circuit of the solenoid valve.

[0058] Power adapter: Provides the required DC voltage, such as 24V DC, for the solenoid valve to operate normally.

[0059] Software logic system initialization: Configure Arduino's I / O port: Set the output mode of the relay and the input mode of the button. Initialize the timer to control the duration of the test. Test control flow: Test start: When the manual control button is pressed, Arduino receives the signal and drives the relay to open the solenoid valve and start gas output.

[0060] Timed closing: After the set test time is over, Arduino automatically closes the solenoid valve and terminates the test.

[0061] Connection power adapter for power supply and control: Use a 24V DC power adapter to power the solenoid valve, making sure it matches the rated voltage of the solenoid valve.

[0062] Controlled by relay module: The input end of the relay is connected to the digital output port of Arduino. The normally open contact of the relay is connected to one end of the solenoid valve, and the other end is connected to the positive pole of the power supply. The common end of the relay is connected to the negative pole of the power supply.

[0063] Programming Arduino: Write code to control the switching of the relay, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the solenoid valve.

[0064] The operation process includes: starting the system: the operator presses the start button, the system initializes and starts testing, and opens the solenoid valve to vent air.

[0065] Conduct the test: The system controls the test duration according to the preset timer, without monitoring the pressure. End the test: When the timer reaches the set time, the system automatically closes the solenoid valve and ends the test. Manual stop: The operator can force the end of the test at any time by pressing a button, and the system responds and immediately closes the solenoid valve to stop the test safely.

[0066] The output control module includes a relay, which disconnects the power supply of the humidification device when receiving a stop command issued by the processor. The processor is also configured to execute an energy-saving mode to reduce the energy consumption of the humidification device during non-working hours. A communication module and a storage unit, wherein the communication module is used to communicate with an external device through a wireless network to remotely monitor and control the operation of the humidification device; and the storage unit is used to store humidity history data and user-set parameters.

[0067] In summary, the present invention can remotely control the ventilator through a mobile terminal. In addition, the sensor installed on the humidification tube collects the data of the humidification operation of the ventilator, and the controller can judge whether to start or stop the operation. The automatic stop humidification output controller usually adopts a closed-loop feedback control system. The system decides whether to turn on or off the humidification device by comparing the current humidity reading with the preset ideal humidity value. Once the target humidity level is reached, the controller will send a signal to stop the humidification output, thereby saving energy and preventing over-humidification.

[0068] It will be appreciated that in the development of any actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made. Such a development effort may be complex and time-consuming, but will be a routine task of design, fabrication, and production for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure without undue experimentation.

[0069] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A controller for automatically stopping humidification output, characterized in that: It includes a humidifier, a heating coil, a regulating valve, a monitoring alarm unit and a control unit, wherein the control unit includes a sensor, an output control module and a processor, wherein the sensor is used to detect data; the processor is communicatively connected with the sensor, and the processor is configured to receive humidity data from the sensor and control the output of the humidification device according to the sensor data; An output control module, the output control module is connected to the processor and is used to start or stop the humidification output of the humidification device according to the instructions of the processor; the regulating valve is used to adjust the gas flow rate or flow rate to meet the humidification requirements, the heating coil is connected to the humidifier and the gas pipeline, the monitoring and alarm unit includes an alarm module, a display screen, a fault module and a signal transceiver module, and the monitoring and alarm unit is connected to the control unit; When the processor detects that the ambient humidity reaches a preset threshold, the processor sends a stop command to the output control module to cut off the power supply of the humidification device.

2. The automatic stop humidification output controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit also includes a data processing module and the data acquisition module.

3. The automatic stop humidification output controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output control module includes a relay, which disconnects the power supply of the humidification device when receiving a stop command issued by the processor.

4. The automatic stop humidification output controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processor is also configured to execute an energy saving mode to reduce energy consumption of the humidification device during non-working hours.

5. The automatic stop humidification output controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a communication module and a storage unit. The communication module is used to communicate with external equipment through a wireless network to remotely monitor and control the operation of the humidification equipment; the storage unit is used to store humidity historical data and user-set parameters.

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