Solar controllable condensation all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar controllable condensation all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system and a control method, the solar controllable condensation all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system comprises an ammonia decomposition assembly, a solar power generation assembly and a reflection assembly, the ammonia decomposition assembly comprises an ammonia decomposition reaction tube, and an ammonia decomposition catalysis module and an electric heating module are arranged in the ammonia decomposition reaction tube; the solar power generation assembly comprises a photovoltaic panel and a battery module which are connected with each other, and the battery module is connected with the electric heating module; the reflecting assembly is provided with a plurality of reflecting lenses and a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is used for driving the reflecting lenses to rotate, and the ammonia decomposition reaction tubes and the photovoltaic panels are arranged on the outer sides of the reflecting lenses at intervals in the rotating direction of the reflecting lenses. According to weather factors such as solar irradiation intensity and air temperature, a certain number of reflectors can be controlled to gather sunlight to the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, and the remaining reflectors can be controlled to reflect and gather the light to the photovoltaic panel for power generation and storage. And the ammonia reaction is kept at a proper temperature by utilizing the stored electric power for heating.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy conservation and new energy, and in particular to a solar energy controllable concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system and a control method. Background Art

[0002] As the global demand for clean energy and sustainable development increases, hydrogen energy, as an efficient and clean form of energy, has received extensive attention and research. Although traditional hydrogen production methods, such as water electrolysis, are mature in technology, they have high energy consumption and rely on a large amount of electricity supply. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a technology that can efficiently utilize renewable energy, such as solar energy, to produce hydrogen.

[0003] In solar hydrogen production technology, using solar energy concentration to generate high temperatures to provide heat energy for the ammonia decomposition hydrogen production reaction is considered to be a potential method. Ammonia can be decomposed into hydrogen and nitrogen under the action of thermal energy, and solar energy, as an abundant and renewable energy source, can be used to provide the required thermal energy. However, traditional solar ammonia decomposition hydrogen production systems can only concentrate light, so it will either cause insufficient temperature problems when solar radiation conditions are poor, or cause excessively high reaction temperatures when solar radiation conditions are good. In addition, traditional solar ammonia decomposition hydrogen production systems have not yet proposed a solar energy conversion and utilization plan, and cannot work at night or when solar radiation conditions are poor due to the low reaction temperature. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a solar controllable concentrated all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system and control method to solve one or more technical problems existing in the prior art and at least provide a beneficial choice or create conditions.

[0005] The technical solutions adopted to solve the above technical problems are: The present invention provides a solar controllable concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system, comprising an ammonia decomposition component, a solar power generation component, and a reflection component. The ammonia decomposition component comprises an ammonia decomposition reaction tube, wherein an ammonia decomposition catalytic module and an electric heating module are arranged inside the ammonia decomposition reaction tube; the solar power generation component comprises a photovoltaic panel and a battery module connected to each other, wherein the battery module is connected to the electric heating module; the reflection component is provided with a plurality of reflection mirrors and a driving mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism is used to drive the reflection mirror to rotate, and the ammonia decomposition reaction tube and the photovoltaic panel are arranged at intervals on the outside of the reflection mirror along the rotation direction of the reflection mirror, so that the reflection mirror can irradiate the ammonia decomposition reaction tube and the photovoltaic panel respectively.

[0006] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: According to weather factors such as solar radiation intensity and temperature, a certain number of reflective mirrors can be controlled to converge sunlight to the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, and the remaining reflective mirrors can be controlled to reflect and converge light to the photovoltaic panel to generate electricity and store it. At night or when solar radiation conditions are poor, the stored electricity is used for heating to keep the ammonia reaction at a suitable temperature, so that the present invention can use solar energy for ammonia decomposition around the clock.

[0007] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the ammonia decomposition reaction tube includes at least two heating tube segments connected in sequence, the reflection assembly includes at least two reflection mirror fields, the at least two reflection mirror fields correspond one-to-one to the at least two heating tube segments, and the reflection mirror field includes a plurality of reflection mirror sheets arranged at intervals.

[0008] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the at least two heating pipe sections include a preheating pipe section for preheating ammonia and a reaction pipe section for ammonia decomposition reaction.

[0009] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, a preheating outer transparent cover is provided on the outer periphery of the preheating pipe section, and a first vacuum insulation layer is formed between the preheating outer transparent cover and the preheating pipe section.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the outer periphery of the reaction tube segment is sheathed with an ammonia decomposition outer transparent cover, and a second vacuum insulation layer is formed between the ammonia decomposition outer transparent cover and the reaction tube segment.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, a hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane is provided inside the reaction tube segment, so that a reaction channel and a hydrogen output channel are respectively provided inside the reaction tube segment, which are located on both sides of the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane, the reaction channel runs through both ends of the reaction tube segment, the hydrogen output channel is communicated with the outlet end of the reaction tube segment, and the electric heating module and the ammonia decomposition catalytic module are arranged in the reaction channel.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane is barrel-shaped, the hydrogen output channel is located inside the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane, and the reaction channel is arranged between the periphery of the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane and the reaction tube section.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the ammonia decomposition component also includes a compound curved surface condenser located on the outer peripheral side of the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, and the ammonia decomposition reaction tube is located at the focus of the compound curved surface condenser.

[0014] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the reflective lens, ammonia decomposition reaction tube and photovoltaic panel are arranged in the north-south direction in the length direction, and the relative positions of the reflective lens, ammonia decomposition reaction tube and photovoltaic panel along the north-south direction are adjustable.

[0015] The present invention also provides a control method for a solar energy controllable concentrated all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system, which is applied to any of the above-mentioned solar energy controllable concentrated all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production systems, comprising the following steps: Passing ammonia to be decomposed into an ammonia decomposition reaction tube; The reflective lens is rotated to a position where sunlight is reflected to the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, and the heat of the solar energy is transferred to the ammonia decomposition reaction tube through the reflective lens to heat and decompose the ammonia; The reflective lens is rotated to a position where sunlight is reflected to the photovoltaic panel, and the photovoltaic panel converts the solar energy into electrical energy and stores it in the battery module; The battery module is used to supply power to the electric heating module to heat and decompose the ammonia; Under different working conditions, a part of the reflective lenses is controlled to heat the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, and another part of the reflective lenses is controlled to reflect and generate electricity on the photovoltaic panel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments; Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solar energy controllable concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system provided by the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the preheating pipe section provided by the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reaction tube section provided by the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the gas flow path and the sunlight path of a solar energy controllable concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system provided by the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the working mode of the solar energy controllable concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system provided by the present invention under the condition of sufficient solar radiation; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the working mode of the solar energy controllable concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system under insufficient solar radiation conditions provided by the present invention; Figure 7 The present invention provides a flow chart of a control method for a solar energy controllable concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system.

[0017] Reference numerals: Ammonia decomposition assembly 100, preheating pipe section 110, first vacuum insulation layer 111, preheating grid 112, preheating outer transparent cover 113, reaction pipe section 120, ammonia decomposition outer transparent cover 121, second vacuum insulation layer 122, reaction heating grid 123, ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124, hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 125, hydrogen output channel 126, reaction channel 127, composite curved surface condenser 130, expansion joint 140; Solar power generation assembly 200; Reflection assembly 300 , reflection lens 301 , motor 302 , preheating mirror field 310 , decomposition reaction mirror field 320 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] This section will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present invention. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the accompanying drawings is to supplement the description of the text part of the specification with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of the present invention, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., and orientations or positional relationships indicated are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, if there are words such as "several", it means one or more, "more" means more than two, greater than, less than, exceed, etc. are understood as not including the number, and above, below, within, etc. are understood as including the number.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0022] Reference Figures 1 to 7 The present invention provides a solar controllable concentrated all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system and control method as follows: Reference Figure 1 The solar controllable concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system includes an ammonia decomposition component 100, a solar power generation component 200, and a reflection component 300.

[0023] The ammonia decomposition component 100 includes an ammonia decomposition reaction tube, and an ammonia decomposition catalytic module and an electric heating module are arranged inside the ammonia decomposition reaction tube. The ammonia decomposition reaction tube includes two heating pipe sections connected in sequence, and the two heating pipe sections are respectively a preheating pipe section 110 for heating ammonia gas and a reaction pipe section 120 for ammonia decomposition reaction, and the preheating pipe section 110 is an ammonia gas inlet section. When performing the ammonia decomposition reaction, the ammonia gas to be decomposed first enters the preheating pipe section 110 to be heated to a first temperature, such as 500°C, and then enters the ammonia decomposition catalytic module in the reaction pipe section 120 to be decomposed, and finally hydrogen and nitrogen are discharged from the end of the reaction pipe section 120 respectively. The ammonia decomposition reaction tube is arranged directly above the reflective assembly 300 through the support structure 400. In some other embodiments, the ammonia decomposition reaction tube can be arranged at a position where the light reflected by the reflective assembly 300 can be received. The present system embodiment has two reflector fields, which can independently adjust the solar concentration multiples and provide different required thermal energies to the preheating tube segment 110 and the reaction tube segment 120 respectively; the preheating tube segment 110 is arranged in front of the reaction tube segment 120, so that the ammonia gas entering the reaction tube segment 120 can be preheated to avoid the problem of thermal field imbalance in the reaction thermal field of the reaction tube segment 120.

[0024] In some other embodiments, the ammonia decomposition reaction tube includes a plurality of heating tube segments connected in sequence, for example, three heating segments, two of which are used for preheating ammonia, and one of which is used for ammonia decomposition reaction.

[0025] A composite curved condenser 130 is provided above the ammonia decomposition reaction tube. The composite curved condenser 130 is made of heat-bent glass, and its curve is in the form of a composite parabola and involute. The ammonia decomposition reaction tube is located at the focus of the composite curved condenser 130, and the direct light and scattered light reflected from different directions can be evenly converged on the surface of the ammonia decomposition reaction tube located at the focus, which not only improves the uniformity of the heating thermal field inside the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, but also maximizes the use of solar energy.

[0026] The solar power generation assembly 200 includes interconnected photovoltaic panels and battery modules. The battery modules are connected to the electric heating module. The battery modules can store electricity and supply the electric heating module for heating, so that the electric heating module heats the ammonia and increases the temperature of the ammonia reaction. On the one hand, when the system is started, the electric heating module can be used for heating so that the ammonia decomposition reaction tube quickly reaches the temperature of the ammonia decomposition reaction. On the other hand, when there is insufficient light or at night, that is, when the heat provided by solar energy is insufficient, the electric heating module is used for heating so that the ammonia decomposition reaction tube continues to maintain the temperature of the ammonia decomposition reaction, so that the present invention can use solar energy for ammonia decomposition around the clock.

[0027] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic panel is divided into an ordinary solar power generation module and a concentrated photovoltaic power generation module. The ordinary solar power generation module is located above the concentrated photovoltaic power generation module and directly receives sunlight to generate electricity. The concentrated photovoltaic power generation module is located below the ordinary solar power generation module and receives the light reflected by the reflective component 300 to generate electricity. The photovoltaic panel is parallel to the ground plane and is supported above the reflective component 300 by the support structure 400. The upper and lower surfaces of the photovoltaic panel are respectively covered with ordinary solar panel modules and concentrated photovoltaic power generation module panels, so as to maximize the use of solar energy to generate electricity. In some other embodiments, the photovoltaic panel may not be parallel to the ground, as long as it can receive the light reflected by the reflective component 300. The ordinary solar power generation module and the concentrated photovoltaic power generation module can be set at a certain angle, for example, the concentrated photovoltaic power generation module is set parallel to the ground, and the ordinary solar power generation module is set inclined to the ground.

[0028] The reflective assembly 300 is provided with a plurality of reflective lenses 301 and a driving mechanism. The reflective assembly 300 includes at least two reflective mirror fields. The reflective mirror fields include a plurality of reflective lenses 301 arranged at intervals. The reflective lenses 301 are made of high-reflectivity mirrors, which can effectively improve the utilization rate of solar radiation energy. The driving mechanism includes a plurality of driving units. The plurality of driving units are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of reflective lenses 301. The reflective lenses 301 have a rotating shaft along their length direction. The rotating shaft of the reflective lenses 301 is transmission-connected to the driving unit. The driving unit can be a motor 302.

[0029] Multiple motors 302 independently drive multiple reflective lenses 301, which can realize flexible regulation and precise convergence of solar radiation energy. According to the solar radiation intensity and weather factors such as temperature, a certain number of reflective lenses 301 can be controlled to converge sunlight to the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, and the remaining reflective lenses 301 can be controlled to reflect and converge light to the photovoltaic panel for power generation. In some other embodiments, the driving mechanism can drive multiple reflective lenses 301 to rotate at the same time.

[0030] The number of reflector fields is set corresponding to the number of heating pipe segments. If there are three heating pipe segments, the number of reflector fields is three, and the three heating pipe segments and the three reflector fields are set in a one-to-one correspondence. In this embodiment, the reflection assembly 300 includes two reflector fields, and the two reflector fields correspond to the two heating pipe segments in a one-to-one manner. The two reflector fields are a preheating mirror field 310 and a decomposition reflector field 320. The preheating mirror field 310 is set corresponding to the preheating pipe segment 110, and the decomposition reaction mirror field 320 is set corresponding to the reaction pipe segment 120.

[0031] Under different working conditions, a part of the reflective lenses 301 is controlled by the driving mechanism to heat the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, so as to control the concentrated light energy to form a suitable ammonia reaction temperature under different solar radiation conditions. At the same time, another part of the reflective lenses 301 is controlled by the driving mechanism to reflect and generate electricity on the photovoltaic panel and store the electricity in the battery module. At night or when the solar radiation conditions are poor, the electric heating module uses the electricity stored in the battery module to heat the ammonia reaction at a suitable temperature, so that the present invention can use solar energy to decompose ammonia around the clock.

[0032] In order to improve the utilization rate of solar energy, the preheating tube section 110, the reaction tube section 120 and the photovoltaic panel can be translated in the north-south direction, which can minimize the loss of solar energy caused by the change of the solar declination angle in a year. In some embodiments, the reflective lens 301 can be adjusted relative to the ammonia decomposition reaction tube and the photovoltaic panel in the north-south direction, or the ammonia decomposition reaction tube and the photovoltaic panel can be adjusted relative to the reflective lens 301 in the north-south direction.

[0033] Reference Figure 2 , the preheating pipe section 110 is erected above the preheating mirror field 310 through the support structure 400. The outer surface of the preheating pipe section 110 is coated with a high light absorption coating, which can effectively improve the utilization rate of solar radiation energy. The outer periphery is covered with a preheating outer transparent cover 113, which can be made of glass. The annular space between the preheating outer transparent cover 113 and the preheating pipe section 110 is evacuated to form a first vacuum insulation layer 111, which can reduce the dissipation of photothermal energy. The electric heating module includes a preheating grid 112, which is installed inside the preheating pipe section 110. The heat for heating the ammonia to be decomposed comes from the heat concentrated by the preheating mirror field 310 or the electric heat of the preheating grid 112 or the heat from the cooperation of the two. The electric energy consumed by the preheating grid 112 comes from the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic panel and a part of the external power.

[0034] Reference Figure 3 The outer surface of the reaction tube segment 120 is coated with a high light absorption coating, which can effectively improve the utilization rate of solar radiation energy. The outer periphery of the reaction tube segment 120 is provided with an ammonia decomposition outer transparent cover 121, which is made of high-transmittance and high-strength glass and can reduce the loss of solar radiation energy when penetrating the glass cover; a second vacuum insulation layer 122 is formed between the ammonia decomposition outer transparent cover 121 and the reaction tube segment 120, which does not block light from passing through the second vacuum insulation layer 122 to reach the inside of the reaction tube segment 120, and the heat inside the reaction tube segment 120 can be isolated by the second vacuum insulation layer 122, so the second vacuum insulation layer 122 can reduce the dissipation of light and heat energy.

[0035] A hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 125 is provided inside the reaction tube section 120, so that a reaction channel 127 and a hydrogen output channel 126 are provided inside the reaction tube section 120, which are respectively located on both sides of the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 125. The reaction channel 127 runs through both ends of the reaction tube section 120, and the hydrogen output channel 126 is communicated with the outlet end of the reaction tube section 120. The electric heating module and the ammonia decomposition catalytic module are arranged in the reaction channel 127. In this embodiment, the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 125 is barrel-shaped, the hydrogen output channel 126 is located inside the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 125, the reaction channel 127 is arranged between the outer periphery of the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 125 and the reaction tube section 120, and the electric heating module and the ammonia decomposition catalytic module can be evenly arranged on the outer periphery of the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 125. The barrel-shaped hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 125 can effectively promote the forward movement of the reaction by reducing the hydrogen partial pressure during the ammonia decomposition reaction, thereby improving the reaction rate and the ammonia conversion rate. In some other embodiments, the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 125 can separate the reaction tube section 120 into two upper and lower channels, one of which is a reaction channel 127 and the other is a hydrogen output channel 126 .

[0036] The electric heating module also includes a reaction heating grid 123, which can play a role in uniform heating. In some other embodiments, the electric heating module can be a heating rod. The electric heating module can continue to heat the ammonia by consuming a certain amount of electricity when the natural solar radiation energy is insufficient, and can effectively transfer the wall heat energy of the preheating pipe section 110 to the ammonia when the natural solar radiation energy is sufficient. The reaction heating grid 123 is cylindrical, so that the reaction heating grid 123 is evenly distributed between the reaction pipe section 120 and the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 125, and the ammonia decomposition catalytic module is an ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124. The reaction heating grid 123 carries the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124, which can continue to heat the ammonia decomposition reaction by consuming a certain amount of electricity when the natural solar radiation energy is insufficient, and can effectively transfer the wall heat energy of the reaction pipe section 120 to the ammonia when the natural solar radiation energy is sufficient. The large amount of heat energy required for the ammonia decomposition reaction comes from the heat concentrated by the decomposition reaction mirror field 320 or the electric heat energy of the reaction heating grid 123 or the heat of the two working together. The electric energy consumed by the reaction heating grid 123 comes from the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic panel and a part of the external electric power.

[0037] Reference Figure 4 An expansion joint 140 is provided between the preheating tube section 110 and the reaction tube section 120. The expansion joint 140 can relieve the thermal stress of the preheating tube section 110 and the reaction tube section 120 caused by heating, thereby improving the safety of the system.

[0038] The ammonia to be decomposed first enters the preheating pipe section 110 and is heated to a first temperature (e.g., 500°C). After the temperature of the ammonia to be decomposed reaches the first temperature, it is discharged from the output end of the preheating pipe section 110, flows through the expansion joint 140 located between the preheating pipe section 110 and the reaction pipe section 120, enters from the input end of the reaction pipe section 120 and contacts with the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124 to generate hydrogen and nitrogen. The operating temperature of the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124 is the second temperature (e.g., 450°C), and the generated hydrogen and nitrogen are separated by the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 125 in the reaction pipe section 120. The material of the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 125 is preferably a palladium membrane or a palladium alloy membrane, which has high hydrogen-nitrogen selectivity and permeability, and can effectively separate hydrogen molecules at a certain pressure and temperature, so that the hydrogen enters the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 125 to form ultrapure hydrogen. Nitrogen and undecomposed ammonia continue to flow through the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124 until the ammonia is completely decomposed, and ultimately nitrogen is discharged from the output end of the reaction tube section 120, and ultrapure hydrogen is discharged from the output end of the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 125.

[0039] Reference Figures 5 and 6 As shown, the present invention also provides a control method for a solar controllable concentrated all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system applicable to the above embodiment. According to the position of the sun in the sky in different seasons and at different times of the day, different ambient temperatures and weather conditions, by adjusting the rotation angle of each column of reflective lenses 301 driven by each motor 302, the solar radiation energy received by the preheating tube section 110, the reaction tube section 120 and the photovoltaic panel is controlled, so that the ammonia gas is preheated to a first temperature such as 500°C, the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124 is heated to a second temperature such as 450°C, and the photovoltaic panel generates electricity to assist in heating the preheating tube section 110 and the reaction tube section 120 through electric heating when the natural solar radiation conditions are poor, so as to realize all-weather solar-driven ammonia decomposition hydrogen production.

[0040] Reference Figure 7 , the control method specifically includes the following steps: Step S100: passing ammonia to be decomposed into an ammonia decomposition reaction tube; Step S200: rotating the reflective lens 301 to a position where the sunlight is reflected to the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, and transferring the heat of the solar energy to the ammonia decomposition reaction tube through the reflective lens 301 to heat and decompose the ammonia; Step S300: rotating the reflective lens 301 to a position where it reflects sunlight to the photovoltaic panel, converting solar energy into electrical energy through the photovoltaic panel and storing it in the battery module; Step S400: supplying power to the electric heating module through the battery module to heat and decompose the ammonia; Step S500: Under different working conditions, a portion of the reflective lenses 301 are controlled to heat the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, and another portion of the reflective lenses 301 are controlled to reflect and generate electricity on the photovoltaic panel.

[0041] The following are the control methods of the system according to different working conditions.

[0042] Under the condition of sufficient natural solar radiation intensity: When the system is cold-started, each driving unit is controlled to drive all the reflective lenses 301 of the preheating mirror field 310 and the decomposition reaction mirror field 320 to track the movement of the sun and reflect and converge the sunlight into the composite curved surface concentrator 130 so that the incident light is reflected and converged again onto the surface of the preheating tube segment 110 and the reaction tube segment 120; Controlling the ordinary solar panel module to generate electricity and provide power to the preheating grid 112 and the reaction heating grid 123; Controlling the preheating grid 112 to perform auxiliary heating so that the preheating pipe section 110 can quickly preheat the ammonia gas to the first temperature; The reaction heating grid 123 is controlled to perform auxiliary heating so that the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124 in the reaction tube section 120 is quickly heated to the second temperature.

[0043] When the system is cold and started, each row of reflective lenses 301 is driven by the corresponding motors 302, and all the reflective lenses 301 of the preheating mirror field 310 and the decomposition reaction mirror field 320 track the movement of the sun and reflect and converge the sunlight into the compound curved surface concentrator 130, and the compound curved surface concentrator 130 reflects and converges the incident light onto the surface of the preheating tube segment 110 and the reaction tube segment 120 again, so as to achieve high-power solar concentrating heating; at the same time, the preheating grid 112 and the reaction heating grid 123 in the preheating tube segment 110 and the reaction tube segment 120 also synchronously consume a small amount of electricity for electric auxiliary heating, further improving the heating speed when the system is cold and started, so that the preheating tube segment 110 can quickly preheat the ammonia to the first temperature, and at the same time, the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124 in the reaction tube segment 120 is quickly heated to the second temperature, so as to achieve the system to start hydrogen production; at this stage, the ordinary solar power generation module absorbs solar energy and generates electricity, which supplements part of the power consumption of the preheating grid 112 and the reaction heating grid 123.

[0044] After the system is cold-started, some reflective lenses 301 are dynamically adjusted according to the sun's position and ambient temperature parameters to continue to focus sunlight on the surfaces of the preheating tube section 110 and the reaction tube section 120, while other reflective lenses 301 reflect and focus sunlight on the bottom of the concentrated photovoltaic power generation module to generate electricity and store it.

[0045] After the system is started cold, in order to keep the preheating tube section 110 and the reaction tube section 120 at the first temperature and the second temperature respectively, only a part of the reflective lenses 301 continue to converge sunlight to the surface of the preheating tube section 110 and the reaction tube section 120; the other reflective lenses 301 reflect and converge sunlight to the concentrated photovoltaic power generation module to achieve high-power concentrated photovoltaic power generation; at this time, the number of reflective lenses 301 in each column that converges light to the preheating tube section 110, the reaction tube section 120 and the photovoltaic panel will be dynamically adjusted according to parameters such as the position of the sun and the ambient temperature; at the same time, the ordinary solar panel module continues to absorb solar energy and generate electricity, and the photovoltaic panel uses the preheating grid 112 and the reaction heating grid 123 as power reserve when the solar radiation intensity is insufficient.

[0046] When the natural solar radiation intensity is insufficient, the specific control method is as follows: In weather conditions with a small amount of overcast or poor air quality, the solar radiation heat effect is still significant. At this time, all the reflective lenses 301 of the preheating mirror field 310 and the decomposition reaction mirror field 320 track the movement of the sun and reflect and converge the sunlight into the compound curved concentrator 130. The compound curved concentrator 130 reflects the incident light again and converges it onto the surface of the preheating tube segment 110 and the reaction tube segment 120 to achieve solar concentrating heating. At the same time, the preheating grid 112 and the reaction heating grid 123 in the preheating tube segment 110 and the reaction tube segment 120 also synchronously consume a certain amount of electricity for electric auxiliary heating, and jointly keep the preheating tube segment 110 and the reaction tube segment 120 at the first temperature and the second temperature respectively. At this stage, the ordinary solar power generation module absorbs solar energy and generates electricity to supplement part of the power consumption of the preheating grid 112 and the reaction heating grid 123. The specific control steps are as follows: By controlling each driving unit to drive all the reflective lenses 301 of the preheating mirror field 310 and the decomposition reaction mirror field 320 to track the movement of the sun and reflect and converge the sunlight into the composite curved surface concentrator 130 so that the incident light is reflected and converged again onto the surface of the preheating tube segment 110 and the reaction tube segment 120; Controlling the preheating grid 112 to assist in heating so that the preheating pipe section 110 and the solar light concentrating heating preheating pipe section 110 can jointly maintain the ammonia gas at the first temperature; Controlling the reaction heating grid 123 to assist in heating the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124 in the reaction tube section 120 and the sunlight to heat the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124 to maintain the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124 at the second temperature; The ordinary solar panel module covered on the concentrated photovoltaic power generation module is controlled to generate electricity and provide power for the preheating grid 112 and the reaction heating grid 123 .

[0047] Under the weather condition of complete overcast, the preheating pipe section 110 and the reaction pipe section 120 respectively rely on the preheating grid 112 and the reaction heating grid 123 to maintain the first temperature and the second temperature respectively, and the power consumed for heating comes from the power stored in the photovoltaic panel and a part of the external power; at this time, all the reflective lenses 301 of the preheating mirror field 310 and the decomposition reaction mirror field 320 reflect a small amount of direct sunlight to the concentrated photovoltaic power generation module to realize photovoltaic power generation; at the same time, the ordinary solar power generation module absorbs solar energy and generates electricity, which together supplements a part of the power consumption of the preheating grid 112 and the reaction heating grid 123. The specific control steps are as follows: By controlling each driving unit to drive all the reflective lenses 301 of the preheating mirror field 310 and the decomposition reaction mirror field 320, a small amount of direct sunlight is reflected and concentrated onto the concentrated photovoltaic power generation module board covered under the concentrated photovoltaic power generation module to realize photovoltaic power generation; Control the ordinary solar panel module covered on the concentrated photovoltaic power generation module to absorb solar energy and generate electricity; Providing electricity generated by the concentrated photovoltaic power generation module to the preheating grid 112 and the reaction heating grid 123; Controlling the preheating grid 112 to heat the preheating pipe section 110 to keep the ammonia gas in the preheating pipe section 110 at a first temperature; The reaction heating grid 123 is controlled to heat the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124 in the reaction tube section 120 so that the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124 is maintained at the second temperature.

[0048] Under nighttime conditions, the preheating tube section 110 and the reaction tube section 120 respectively rely on the preheating grid 112 and the reaction heating grid 123 to maintain the first temperature and the second temperature respectively. The power consumed for heating comes from the power stored by the photovoltaic panel and a part of the external power. The specific control steps are as follows: The electricity stored by the concentrated photovoltaic power generation module and a part of the external electricity are used to supply power to the preheating grid 112 and the reaction heating grid 123; Controlling the preheating grid 112 to heat the preheating pipe section 110 so that the ammonia gas in the preheating pipe section 110 maintains a first temperature; The reaction heating grid 123 is controlled to heat the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124 in the reaction tube section 120 so that the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124 maintains the second temperature.

[0049] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are specifically described above, but the invention is not limited to the embodiments. Those skilled in the art may make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without violating the spirit of the invention. These equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included in the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A solar controlled concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system, characterized in that: include: An ammonia decomposition component comprises an ammonia decomposition reaction tube, wherein an ammonia decomposition catalytic module and an electric heating module are arranged inside the ammonia decomposition reaction tube; A solar power generation assembly, comprising a photovoltaic panel and a battery module connected to each other, wherein the battery module is connected to the electric heating module; The reflective assembly is provided with a plurality of reflective lenses and a driving mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism is used to drive the reflective lenses to rotate, and the ammonia decomposition reaction tube and the photovoltaic panel are arranged at intervals on the outside of the reflective mirror along the rotation direction of the reflective lens, so that the reflective lens can irradiate the ammonia decomposition reaction tube and the photovoltaic panel respectively.

2. The solar controlled concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ammonia decomposition reaction tube includes at least two heating tube segments connected in sequence, the reflection assembly includes at least two reflection mirror fields, the at least two reflection mirror fields correspond to the at least two heating tube segments one by one, and the reflection mirror field includes a plurality of reflection mirror sheets arranged at intervals.

3. The solar controlled concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 2 is characterized by: The at least two heating pipe sections include a preheating pipe section for preheating ammonia and a reaction pipe section for ammonia decomposition reaction.

4. The solar controlled concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 3 is characterized by: The outer periphery of the preheating pipe section is sheathed with a preheating outer transparent cover, and a first vacuum insulation layer is formed between the preheating outer transparent cover and the preheating pipe section.

5. The solar controlled concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 3 is characterized by: The outer periphery of the reaction tube section is sheathed with an ammonia decomposition outer transparent cover, and a second vacuum insulation layer is formed between the ammonia decomposition outer transparent cover and the reaction tube section.

6. The solar controlled concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane is arranged inside the reaction tube section, so that a reaction channel and a hydrogen output channel are arranged inside the reaction tube section, which are respectively located on both sides of the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane. The reaction channel runs through both ends of the reaction tube section, and the hydrogen output channel is communicated with the outlet end of the reaction tube section. The electric heating module and the ammonia decomposition catalytic module are arranged in the reaction channel.

7. The solar controlled concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane is barrel-shaped, the hydrogen output channel is located inside the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane, and the reaction channel is arranged between the periphery of the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane and the reaction tube section.

8. The solar controlled concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The ammonia decomposition component further comprises a compound curved surface condenser located at the outer peripheral side of the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, and the ammonia decomposition reaction tube is located at the focus of the compound curved surface condenser.

9. The solar controlled concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflective lens, the ammonia decomposition reaction tube and the photovoltaic panel are arranged in a north-south direction in length direction, and the relative positions of the reflective lens, the ammonia decomposition reaction tube and the photovoltaic panel along the north-south direction are adjustable.

10. A control method, characterized in that: It is applied to the solar controllable concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the control method comprises the following steps: Passing ammonia to be decomposed into an ammonia decomposition reaction tube; The reflective lens is rotated to a position where sunlight is reflected to the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, and the heat of the solar energy is transferred to the ammonia decomposition reaction tube through the reflective lens to heat and decompose the ammonia; The reflective lens is rotated to a position where sunlight is reflected to the photovoltaic panel, and the photovoltaic panel converts the solar energy into electrical energy and stores it in the battery module; The battery module is used to supply power to the electric heating module to heat and decompose the ammonia; Under different working conditions, a part of the reflective lenses is controlled to heat the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, and another part of the reflective lenses is controlled to reflect and generate electricity on the photovoltaic panel.

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