Method for automatically detecting adsorption saturation degree of activated carbon in real time and adsorption device

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for automatically detecting the adsorption saturation degree of activated carbon in real time and an adsorption device, and relates to the technical field of environmental protection equipment.The detection device comprises an air inlet cavity 2, an adsorption cavity and an exhaust cavity 14, and the air inlet cavity 2 and the exhaust cavity 14 are arranged at the left end and the right end of the adsorption cavity respectively; the adsorption cavity comprises a cavity body, a base 13 and a top cover 7, the base 13 and the top cover 7 are respectively arranged at the lower end and the upper end of the cavity body, and a primary activated carbon box 6, a primary standard cavity 8, an activated carbon standard box 9, a standard secondary cavity 11 and a secondary activated carbon box 12 are respectively arranged in the cavity body from left to right; a weighing device 10 is also arranged between the activated carbon standard box 9 and the base 13; the device has the characteristics of simplicity, high efficiency, convenience in use, capability of automatically detecting the adsorption saturation degree of activated carbon in real time and the like, and is suitable for analysis of waste gas components in various laboratories and adsorption treatment of discharged waste gas in pollution industries such as chemical industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection equipment, in particular to a method and an adsorption device for automatically and real-time detecting the adsorption saturation degree of activated carbon. Background Art

[0002] Activated carbon has a strong adsorption effect on VOCs and can be used for air purification, etc. However, when the activated carbon reaches the saturated adsorption level, it can no longer exert the adsorption effect and needs to be updated in time. This requires a simple and efficient method and device that can detect the adsorption level of activated carbon in real time.

[0003] At present, the detection methods of activated carbon include iodine adsorption value, carbon tetrachloride adsorption rate (CTC value), etc. The determination mainly refers to the "Test Method for Coal-Based Granular Activated Carbon", but this method only gives the iodine value or CTC value of the test sample. Samples with different adsorption properties, VOCs concentration and adsorption saturation degree will affect the decrease of CTC value. Only based on the iodine value or CTC value of the test sample, it is impossible to effectively reflect the adsorption situation of the granular activated carbon in use.

[0004] The "Activated Carbon Adsorption Saturation Detection Method for Industrial Organic Waste Gas Treatment" disclosed in a Chinese patent (patent application number 202410455277.7) includes the following steps: Based on the known initial carbon tetrachloride adsorption value (CTC0) of the fresh sample on site, the type and emission concentration of the industrial organic waste gas (VOCs) on site, combined with the carbon tetrachloride adsorption value (CTCt) of the partially saturated activated carbon sample at any time, the saturation of the activated carbon is calculated according to the CTCt value, initial CTC0 value, type of VOCs on site and emission concentration C0 obtained by the test. The test method of this invention estimates the saturation by quickly measuring the carbon tetrachloride adsorption rate of the activated carbon, and directly measures the partially saturated activated carbon sample without relying on indirect detection methods such as concentration detection, wind speed detection, power consumption, and pressure drop. The error between the calculated result and the actual saturation is within 15%, and it has strong industrial practical application value.

[0005] Another Chinese patent (patent application number 202311119195.7) discloses "a multi-energy monitoring system for activated carbon saturation for adsorbing VOCs", and its technical solution includes: a system housing and a system mainboard, a communication system is arranged above the system mainboard, a VOC data detection sensor is arranged on one side of the system mainboard, a ventilation pipeline is arranged on the side of the VOC data detection sensor away from the connecting pipeline, a power connection port is arranged on one side of the system mainboard, a photovoltaic power generation unit and a wind power generation unit are arranged on one side of the power connection port, a screen display unit is arranged above the communication system, and a chip card is arranged between one side of the screen display unit and the system housing. This invention can effectively remind enterprises to replace activated carbon, and can also observe and record gas VOC data for a long time, so that enterprises can summarize the law of activated carbon saturation during production and propose better replacement or production plans. At the same time, it has a variety of different power supply plans, giving the system a wider applicability.

[0006] There is also a Chinese patent (patent application number 202220078486.0) disclosed in "An Activated Carbon Saturation Monitoring System", which is used to monitor the saturation of activated carbon in an activated carbon box, and includes: an activated carbon monitoring host, the activated carbon monitoring host includes a TVOC monitoring device and an intelligent terminal, the TVOC monitoring device is electrically connected to the intelligent terminal; a solenoid valve, the TVOC monitoring device is connected to the solenoid valve; a first sampling tube, one end of which is connected to the air inlet of the activated carbon box, and the other end is connected to the solenoid valve; a second sampling tube, one end of which is connected to the air outlet of the activated carbon box, and the other end is connected to the solenoid valve; a wind speed sensor, which is arranged in the activated carbon box and is electrically connected to the intelligent terminal. In this utility model, the saturation of activated carbon can be monitored, so that the activated carbon can be replaced in time when the adsorption of the activated carbon is saturated, to ensure the treatment effect of the exhaust gas.

[0007] There is also a "VOCs activated carbon adsorption usage status monitoring method and equipment" disclosed in a Chinese patent (patent application number is 202210912323.2), including: obtaining the amount of activated carbon used, the activated carbon adsorption rate, the VOCs concentration in the air duct, the cross-sectional area of ​​the exhaust pipe, the emission flow rate, the VOCs concentration reading interval, the activated carbon treatment efficiency and the activated carbon adsorption calibration coefficient; calculating the activated carbon VOCs absorption, calculating the activated carbon absorption; calculating the activated carbon saturation value according to the activated carbon VOCs absorption and the activated carbon absorption; calculating the activated carbon VOCs actual adsorption rate according to the activated carbon adsorption rate and the activated carbon adsorption calibration coefficient; calculating the service life of the activated carbon according to the amount of activated carbon used, the activated carbon absorption and the activated carbon VOCs actual adsorption rate. The invention can determine whether the activated carbon is saturated based on the concentration of VOCs treated by the terminal activated carbon, and calculate how much VOCs different types of activated carbon can adsorb based on the data of the adsorption process, so as to monitor and manage the pollution control facilities of the enterprise and achieve energy saving and carbon reduction.

[0008] There is also a "kind of activated carbon saturation instrument" disclosed in a Chinese patent (patent application number is 202120360014.X), which belongs to the field of activated carbon detection and includes an instrument body; when using the activated carbon saturation instrument, the activated carbon particles to be tested can be poured into the placement box, and then the placement box can be placed in the fixed slot, and the card strip can be inserted into the slot to fix the placement box. During detection, the dial ring can be rotated to drive the contact block to rotate, and then drive the rotating block to rotate, and at the same time drive the turntable to rotate. When the first opening is aligned with the second opening, the push rod is pushed. Due to the elastic action of the spring, the top block can move up and down, thereby knocking on the placement box, so that the activated carbon particles therein fall from the first opening and the second opening into the feed port, and enter the detector for detection. In this way, there is no need to put the activated carbon into the detector by hand clamping, which can not only avoid the broken activated carbon and the contamination of the activated carbon, but also avoid the activated carbon absorbing water during the placement process. The accuracy of the test results is affected.

[0009] There is also a Chinese patent (patent application number 202010756921.6) disclosed in "A method for detecting the saturation of activated carbon, an activated carbon filter device and a method of use", and its detection method is: S1. Detect the TVOC concentration Ci at the air inlet of the activated carbon box and the TVOC concentration Co at the air outlet during the current sampling period; S2. Calculate the air volume V×S×Ts passing through the activated carbon box during the current sampling period Ts; S3. Continuously accumulate and calculate the product of the difference (Co-Ci) and the air volume to obtain the mass Qa of TVOC adsorbed by the activated carbon in the activated carbon box; S4. Calculate the activated carbon saturation Sc=Qa / Qs. As a result, the activated carbon saturation detection method of the invention realizes the online real-time calculation of the activated carbon saturation, and greatly improves the calculation accuracy of the activated carbon saturation, ensuring that the activated carbon box is not overused, accurately grasps the time for desorption, and reduces the operating cost of the equipment. The invention also discloses an activated carbon filter device and a method of use thereof.

[0010] There is also a Chinese patent (patent application number 202222446943.X) disclosed in "An online activated carbon saturation real-time monitoring system", which involves the field of environmental protection technology, including an activated carbon adsorption box 1 and an activated carbon saturation real-time monitoring device; the activated carbon saturation real-time monitoring device includes an inlet exhaust gas detection sensor, an inlet wind speed sensor, an outlet exhaust gas detection sensor and an intelligent control terminal 10, and the inlet exhaust gas detection sensor, the inlet wind speed sensor and the outlet exhaust gas detection sensor are respectively connected to the activated carbon adsorption box 1 and the intelligent control terminal 10 through signal lines. It has the characteristics of low cost and the ability to monitor the saturation of activated carbon online in real time, and is suitable for online real-time monitoring of the saturation of activated carbon in the harmless treatment of exhaust gas.

[0011] There is also a Chinese patent (patent application number 202010920634.4) disclosed in "A device and method for testing the saturated adsorption degree of activated carbon". The device includes an adsorption column, and a resistance detection mechanism for testing the conductivity of activated carbon and / or a pressure testing mechanism for testing the internal pressure of the adsorption column; the adsorption column includes a cylindrical shell and a lid that can seal the cylindrical shell, and vents are provided at both ends of the adsorption column; the resistance detection mechanism includes two electrodes, the two electrodes are arranged on the inner wall of the adsorption column, and the two electrodes are respectively connected to wires, and the wires pass through the adsorption column; the pressure testing mechanism includes a pressure sensor and an external test component arranged in the adsorption column. In the device for testing the saturated adsorption degree of activated carbon, the adsorption column can be filled with different activated carbon particles. The saturated adsorption degree of the activated carbon can be tested by testing the resistance of the loaded activated carbon or the internal pressure of the adsorption column. Summary of the invention

[0012] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method which is simple, efficient, easy to use and can automatically and real-time detect the adsorption saturation degree of activated carbon, and to provide a detection device using the method.

[0013] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is to invent a method for automatically and real-time detecting the adsorption saturation degree of activated carbon, which comprises the following steps:

[0014] 1. Determine the base weight of the activated carbon standard box:

[0015] Fill the activated carbon box with the standard weight unit to form an activated carbon standard box, then place it on the weighing device in the adsorption chamber to absorb the exhaust gas until the weight displayed on the weighing device no longer increases, and obtain the weight of the maximum adsorption saturation of the activated carbon standard box; repeat the above steps for many times to obtain an average value, and then input the average value into the control system and save it as the reference weight of the maximum adsorption saturation of the activated carbon standard box;

[0016] 2. Automatic real-time detection:

[0017] ⑴. Establish a detection system: place the activated carbon standard box on the weighing device between the primary activated carbon box filled with activated carbon and the secondary activated carbon box filled with activated carbon in the adsorption chamber, and connect the detection output signal line of the weighing device to the control system. Then, connect the primary activated carbon box of the activated carbon adsorption device to the air inlet chamber, and connect the secondary activated carbon box of the activated carbon adsorption device to the exhaust chamber;

[0018] ⑵. Detection process: the exhaust gas to be adsorbed is led from the air inlet chamber to the primary activated carbon box of the activated carbon adsorption device. After the initial adsorption in the primary activated carbon box, it is adsorbed by the activated carbon standard box. Finally, it is discharged through the exhaust chamber after the secondary adsorption in the secondary activated carbon box. During this period, when the exhaust gas passes through the activated carbon standard box, the activated carbon in the activated carbon standard box adsorbs part of the exhaust gas, and its real-time weight increases immediately. It is fed back to the control system through the detection output signal line of the weighing device, and the control system calculates it according to the formula: real-time activated carbon adsorption saturation = real-time weight / reference weight × 100%, and displays the calculated real-time activated carbon adsorption saturation on the display screen of the control system, thereby realizing automatic real-time detection of the activated carbon adsorption saturation.

[0019] Furthermore, an alarm step is also included after the detection step, that is, when the detected real-time activated carbon adsorption saturation is greater than or equal to 90%, the control system sends out an alarm to remind the staff to replace all the activated carbon.

[0020] At the same time, an activated carbon adsorption device using the above method is also provided: it includes an air inlet chamber 2, an adsorption chamber and an exhaust chamber 14, the air inlet chamber 2 and the exhaust chamber 14 are respectively arranged at the left and right ends of the adsorption chamber; the adsorption chamber includes a cavity body, a base 13 and a top cover 7, the base 13 and the top cover 7 are respectively arranged at the lower end and the upper end of the cavity, and the interior of the cavity is respectively arranged from left to right as a primary activated carbon box 6, a primary standard cavity 8, an activated carbon standard box 9, a standard cavity 11 and a secondary activated carbon box 12; a weighing device 10 is also arranged between the activated carbon standard box 9 and the base 13.

[0021] An exhaust gas uniform dispersion plate 4 is also provided in the air inlet cavity 2 , and a plurality of dispersion holes 5 are evenly distributed on the exhaust gas uniform dispersion plate 4 .

[0022] Among the dispersion holes 5, except for the middle hole whose axis is perpendicular to the end surface of the exhaust gas uniform dispersion plate 4, the axes of other holes are inclined toward the periphery, and the closer to the edge, the greater the inclination angle.

[0023] A filter plate 3 is further arranged on the left side or the right side or both sides of the exhaust gas uniform dispersion plate 4 in the air intake cavity 2 .

[0024] The method and adsorption device for automatically detecting the degree of adsorption saturation of activated carbon in real time of the present invention adopts the method of online real-time weighing of activated carbon, and detects the change of weight of activated carbon in real time online to judge the amount of harmful substances actually adsorbed by activated carbon, and can calculate in real time online, and the calculation cycle can be shortened to the response time of the weighing sensor, thus, the calculation accuracy of activated carbon saturation can be greatly improved, and accurate saturation data can be provided for the operation of activated carbon box, so as to ensure that the activated carbon box is not overused, and reduce the operation cost of the equipment under the premise of ensuring that the filter effectively meets the standard. Therefore, it can simply and efficiently detect the degree of adsorption saturation of activated carbon in real time online, and provide the most accurate judgment data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a front view schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of K of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure:

[0028] 1 is the exhaust duct inlet, 2 is the air inlet cavity, 3 is the filter plate, 4 is the exhaust gas uniform dispersion plate, 5 is the dispersion hole, 6 is the primary activated carbon box, 7 is the top cover, 8 is the primary standard cavity, 9 is the activated carbon standard box, 10 is the weighing device (i.e.: weighing sensor), 11 is the standard cavity, 12 is the secondary activated carbon box, 13 is the base, 14 is the exhaust cavity, and 15 is the purified exhaust gas outlet.

[0029] Figure 1 The arrow direction is the exhaust gas flow direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following description is in the form of examples, but the protection scope of the present invention should not be limited thereto.

[0031] The activated carbon adsorption device of this embodiment is composed of an air inlet chamber 2, an adsorption chamber, an exhaust chamber 14, an exhaust gas uniform dispersion plate 4, a filter plate 3, a control system, a display screen and an alarm device (the control system, the display screen and the alarm device are not drawn in the attached drawings).

[0032] The air inlet chamber 2 and the exhaust chamber 14 are both conical (i.e., square frustum) shells, whose large end faces (the small end faces are the exhaust gas exhaust duct inlet 1 and the purified exhaust gas outlet 15, respectively) are connected to the left and right ends of the adsorption chamber respectively; in the air inlet chamber 2, an exhaust gas uniform dispersion plate 4 is also provided, on which a plurality of dispersion holes 5 are evenly distributed, among which, except for the axis of the middle hole which is perpendicular to the end face of the exhaust gas uniform dispersion plate 4, the axes of the other holes are all inclined toward the periphery, and the closer the hole is to the edge, the greater the inclination angle; at the same time, a filter plate 3 is also provided on the left side or right side or both sides (in this example, the left side of the exhaust gas uniform dispersion plate 4) of the exhaust gas uniform dispersion plate 4 in the air inlet chamber 2, for filtering dust particles contained in the exhaust gas.

[0033] The adsorption chamber is composed of a cavity (in the shape of a square cylinder, with its two ends respectively connected to the large end faces of the air inlet cavity 2 and the exhaust cavity 14), a base 13 and a top cover 7. The base 13 and the top cover 7 are respectively arranged at the lower end and the upper end of the cavity; inside the cavity, from left to right, there are respectively arranged a primary activated carbon box 6, a primary standard cavity (i.e., the cavity between the primary activated carbon box and the activated carbon standard box) 8, an activated carbon standard box 9, a secondary standard cavity (i.e., the cavity between the activated carbon standard box and the secondary activated carbon box) 11 and a secondary activated carbon box 12; a weighing device (i.e., a weighing sensor) 10 is also arranged between the activated carbon standard box 9 and the base 13 for real-time online detection of the weight of the activated carbon standard box 9.

[0034] The control system, display screen and alarm device are three-in-one and are arranged on the front side or rear side of the cavity. The detection output signal line of the weighing device 10 is connected to the control system. The control system adopts the commonly used one on the market, which has multiple functions such as storing information, calculating, comparing and alarming.

[0035] Before use, the exhaust gas exhaust duct inlet 1 and the purified exhaust gas outlet 15 are connected to the exhaust gas exhaust duct and the purified exhaust gas exhaust pipe respectively.

[0036] The usage process is as follows:

[0037] 1. Determine the base weight of the activated carbon standard box 9:

[0038] Fill the activated carbon box with a standard weight unit (this standard weight can be 1kg, 5kg, 10kg or other integer weights according to the specifications) (the purpose of filling is to prevent the exhaust gas to be adsorbed from passing through the unfilled part of the cavity, thereby causing leakage of adsorption; at the same time, the volume of the activated carbon box should be adapted to the activated carbon of this standard weight unit) to form an activated carbon standard box 9. Then, place the activated carbon standard box 9 on the weighing device 10 in the adsorption chamber to allow it to absorb the exhaust gas until the weight number displayed on the weighing device 10 no longer increases, and obtain the weight of the maximum adsorption saturation of the activated carbon standard box 9; repeat the above steps for many times (3 times in this example) to obtain an average value, and then input the average value into the control system for storage as the reference weight of the maximum adsorption saturation of the activated carbon standard box 9 (i.e.: the activated carbon adsorption saturation is 100%);

[0039] 2. Automatic real-time detection:

[0040] ⑴. Establish the detection system: open the top cover 7, place the activated carbon standard box 9 replaced with new activated carbon of standard weight unit on the weighing device 10 between the primary activated carbon box 6 filled with activated carbon and the secondary activated carbon box 12 filled with activated carbon in the adsorption chamber, and then close the top cover 7;

[0041] (2) Detection process: Open the connection between the exhaust gas exhaust duct and the exhaust gas exhaust duct inlet 1. After the adsorbed exhaust gas enters the air inlet chamber 2 from the exhaust gas exhaust duct inlet 1, it first passes through the filter plate 3 to filter out the dust particles contained in the exhaust gas. Thereafter, after being evenly dispersed by the exhaust gas evenly dispersing plate 4, it is led to the primary activated carbon box 6. After preliminary adsorption by the primary activated carbon box 6, it is then adsorbed by the activated carbon standard box 9. Finally, after secondary adsorption by the secondary activated carbon box 12, it is discharged to the purified exhaust gas exhaust pipe through the exhaust chamber 14 and the purified exhaust gas outlet 15.

[0042] During this period, when the exhaust gas passes through the activated carbon standard box 9, the activated carbon in the activated carbon standard box 9 adsorbs part of the exhaust gas, and its real-time weight increases immediately, and is fed back to the control system through the detection output signal line of the weighing device 10. The control system calculates it according to the formula: real-time activated carbon adsorption saturation = real-time weight / reference weight × 100%, and displays the calculated real-time activated carbon adsorption saturation on the display screen of the control system.

[0043] At the same time, the exhaust gas will be adsorbed to a greater extent when passing through the primary activated carbon box 6; the exhaust gas will be adsorbed to a lesser extent when passing through the secondary activated carbon box 12; therefore, when the real-time activated carbon adsorption saturation of the activated carbon standard box 9 displayed on the display screen is close to 90%, the real-time activated carbon adsorption saturation of the primary activated carbon box 6 has reached 100%, and the real-time activated carbon adsorption saturation of the secondary activated carbon box 12 is also close to 80%. Therefore, to be on the safe side, at this time, the control system will issue an alarm through the alarm device to remind the staff to replace all the activated carbon.

[0044] The method and adsorption device for automatically and real-time detecting the adsorption saturation degree of activated carbon of the present invention are suitable for analysis of waste gas components in various laboratories and adsorption treatment of waste gas discharged by polluting industries such as chemical industry.

Claims

1. A method for automatically and in real time detecting the adsorption saturation degree of activated carbon, characterized in that: The following steps are involved:

1. Determine the base weight of the activated carbon standard box: Fill the activated carbon box with the standard weight unit to form an activated carbon standard box, then place it on the weighing device in the adsorption chamber to absorb the exhaust gas until the weight displayed on the weighing device no longer increases, and obtain the weight of the maximum adsorption saturation of the activated carbon standard box; repeat the above steps for many times to obtain an average value, and then input the average value into the control system and save it as the reference weight of the maximum adsorption saturation of the activated carbon standard box; 2. Automatic real-time detection: ⑴. Establish a detection system: place the activated carbon standard box on the weighing device between the primary activated carbon box filled with activated carbon and the secondary activated carbon box filled with activated carbon in the adsorption chamber, and connect the detection output signal line of the weighing device to the control system. Then, connect the primary activated carbon box of the activated carbon adsorption device to the air inlet chamber, and connect the secondary activated carbon box of the activated carbon adsorption device to the exhaust chamber; ⑵. Detection process: the exhaust gas to be adsorbed is led from the air inlet chamber to the primary activated carbon box of the activated carbon adsorption device. After the initial adsorption in the primary activated carbon box, it is adsorbed by the activated carbon standard box. Finally, it is discharged through the exhaust chamber after the secondary adsorption in the secondary activated carbon box. During this period, when the exhaust gas passes through the activated carbon standard box, the activated carbon in the activated carbon standard box adsorbs part of the exhaust gas, and its real-time weight increases immediately. It is fed back to the control system through the detection output signal line of the weighing device, and the control system calculates it according to the formula: real-time activated carbon adsorption saturation = real-time weight / reference weight × 100%, and displays the calculated real-time activated carbon adsorption saturation on the display screen of the control system, thereby realizing automatic real-time detection of the activated carbon adsorption saturation.

2. The method for automatically and real-time detecting the adsorption saturation degree of activated carbon according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection step also includes an alarm step, that is, when the detected real-time activated carbon adsorption saturation is greater than or equal to 90%, the control system sends out an alarm to remind the staff to replace all the activated carbon.

3. An activated carbon adsorption device using the method of claim 1 or 2, comprising an air inlet chamber (2), an adsorption chamber and an exhaust chamber (14), wherein the air inlet chamber (2) and the exhaust chamber (14) are respectively arranged at the left and right ends of the adsorption chamber; characterized in that: The adsorption chamber comprises a chamber body, a base (13) and a top cover (7); the base (13) and the top cover (7) are respectively arranged at the lower end and the upper end of the chamber body; the interior of the chamber body is respectively arranged from left to right as a primary activated carbon box (6), a primary standard cavity (8), an activated carbon standard box (9), a secondary standard cavity (11) and a secondary activated carbon box (12); and a weighing device (10) is also arranged between the activated carbon standard box (9) and the base (13).

4. The activated carbon adsorption device according to claim 3, characterized in that: An exhaust gas uniform dispersion plate (4) is also provided in the air inlet cavity (2), and a plurality of dispersion holes (5) are evenly distributed on the exhaust gas uniform dispersion plate (4).

5. The activated carbon adsorption device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Among the dispersion holes (5), except for the middle hole whose axis is perpendicular to the end surface of the exhaust gas uniform dispersion plate (4), the axes of the other holes are inclined toward the periphery, and the closer to the edge, the greater the inclination angle.

6. The activated carbon adsorption device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A filter plate (3) is also provided on the left side or the right side or both sides of the exhaust gas uniform dispersion plate (4) in the air intake cavity (2).

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