Ecological assessment method and system for alpine region

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological assessment method and system for an alpine region. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring ecological data of an assessment region; based on the ecological data, performing ecological service function evaluation on the evaluation area by adopting a model evaluation method and a net primary productivity quantitative index evaluation method; based on the ecological data, performing ecological sensitivity evaluation on the evaluation area by adopting a sensitivity division method; and based on the ecological service function evaluation result and the ecological sensitivity evaluation result, performing scoring evaluation on the ecological environment of the evaluation area. Aiming at the topographic characteristics of high altitude, stony desertification and serious water and soil loss in the alpine region, the total water content, the water and soil conservation amount, the biological diversity, the water and soil loss sensitivity and the stony desertification sensitivity of the research region are calculated in the aspects of weather and land, and an accurate reference standard is provided for environment improvement of the alpine region.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological assessment, and in particular relates to an ecological assessment method and system for alpine areas. Background Art

[0002] The climate in the alpine regions is characterized by cold and dry weather. In recent years, due to global warming, the temperature in the alpine regions has gradually increased and the precipitation has decreased. This climate change has had a profound impact on the ecological environment in the alpine regions, leading to problems such as glacier melting, lake drying up, and grassland degradation. At the same time, rising temperatures have also led to a decrease in biodiversity in the alpine regions, and many plant and animal species are facing the risk of extinction.

[0003] It is urgent to propose ecological environment improvement measures for high-altitude and cold regions to ensure the lives of people in these regions and achieve sustainable development. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an ecological assessment method and system for alpine areas to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0005] On the one hand, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides an ecological assessment method for alpine areas, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Obtain ecological data for the assessment area;

[0007] Based on the ecological data, the model evaluation method and the net primary productivity quantitative indicator evaluation method were used to evaluate the ecological service function of the evaluation area;

[0008] Based on the ecological data, the sensitivity classification method is used to conduct ecological sensitivity assessment of the assessment area;

[0009] The ecological environment of the assessment area is scored and assessed based on the ecological service function assessment results and the ecological sensitivity assessment results.

[0010] Optionally, the ecological data includes weather data and land data. The weather data includes precipitation, water evaporation, surface runoff, rainfall erosion, average precipitation, and average temperature data in the assessment area; the land data includes ecosystem type, altitude, terrain undulation, terrain slope, vegetation coverage, and soil erodibility data in the assessment area.

[0011] Optionally, the process of evaluating the ecological service function of the assessment area using the model assessment method and the net primary productivity quantitative indicator assessment method includes:

[0012] Calculate the total water content based on the precipitation, surface runoff, and evaporation data of the assessment area;

[0013] The RUSLE model method is used to calculate the soil and water conservation amount based on the rainfall erosivity, soil erodibility, and vegetation coverage data of the assessment area;

[0014] The biodiversity maintenance function index was calculated using the NPP method based on the average precipitation, average temperature and altitude data of the assessment area;

[0015] The ecological service function of the assessment area is assessed based on the calculated total water content, the soil and water conservation amount, and the biodiversity maintenance function index.

[0016] Optionally, the process of conducting ecological sensitivity assessment of the assessment area using the sensitivity classification method includes:

[0017] The data of ecosystem type, rainfall erosion, soil erodibility, terrain relief, terrain slope and vegetation coverage were divided into different sensitivity categories, and the assessment factors were calculated respectively;

[0018] Calculate the soil and water loss sensitivity rate and desertification sensitivity rate of the assessment area based on the assessment factors

[0019] An ecological environmental sensitivity assessment is conducted on the assessment area based on the soil and water loss sensitivity rate and the rocky desertification sensitivity rate.

[0020] Optionally, the process of scoring and evaluating the ecological environment of the evaluation area based on the ecological service function evaluation result and the ecological sensitivity evaluation result includes:

[0021] Based on the environmental requirements and standards, the weight calculation method is used to calculate the assessment weights of the total water content, water and soil conservation, biodiversity maintenance function index in the ecological service function assessment results, and the soil and water loss sensitivity rate and desertification sensitivity rate in the ecological sensitivity assessment results;

[0022] Classify several weights to obtain the ecological service function weight matrix and ecological sensitivity weight matrix;

[0023] A composite calculation is performed on the ecological service function weight matrix and the ecological sensitivity weight matrix to obtain a comprehensive evaluation weight value, and a scoring and evaluation is performed on the ecological environment of the study area according to the comprehensive evaluation weight value.

[0024] On the other hand, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides an ecological assessment system for alpine areas, including an ecological data acquisition module, an ecological service function assessment module, an ecological sensitivity assessment module, and a comprehensive assessment module;

[0025] The ecological data acquisition module is used to evaluate the ecological data of the area;

[0026] The ecological service function evaluation module is used to evaluate the ecological service function of the evaluation area according to the ecological data;

[0027] The ecological sensitivity assessment module is used to perform ecological sensitivity assessment on the assessment area according to the ecological data;

[0028] The comprehensive evaluation module is used to score and evaluate the ecological environment of the study area based on the evaluation results of the ecological service function evaluation module and the ecological sensitivity evaluation module.

[0029] Optionally, the ecological data acquisition module obtains data on precipitation, water evaporation, surface runoff, rainfall erosion, average precipitation, and average temperature in the assessment area through a weather forecast platform, and obtains data on the ecosystem type, altitude, terrain undulation, terrain slope, vegetation coverage, and soil erodibility in the assessment area through a land resource information platform.

[0030] Optionally, the ecological service function evaluation module adopts a model evaluation method and a net primary productivity quantitative indicator evaluation method to evaluate the ecological service function of the evaluation area; calculates the total water content according to the precipitation, surface runoff, and water evaporation in the evaluation area; and adopts the RUSLE model method to calculate the soil and water conservation amount according to the rainfall erosion, soil erodibility, and vegetation coverage of the evaluation area; and adopts the NPP method to calculate the biodiversity maintenance function index according to the average precipitation, average temperature and altitude of the evaluation area; and evaluates the ecological service function of the evaluation area according to the calculated total water content, the soil and water conservation amount, and the biodiversity maintenance function index.

[0031] Optionally, the ecological sensitivity assessment module divides the sensitivity of ecosystem type, rainfall erosion, soil erodibility, terrain undulation, terrain slope and vegetation coverage according to the precipitation data and land data of the ecological data acquisition module, and calculates the assessment factors respectively, and calculates the soil and water loss sensitivity rate and the rocky desertification sensitivity rate of the assessment area according to the assessment factors; and conducts an ecological environmental sensitivity assessment of the assessment area according to the soil and water loss sensitivity rate and the rocky desertification sensitivity rate.

[0032] Optionally, the comprehensive assessment module adopts a weight calculation method according to environmental requirement standards to calculate the assessment weights for the total water content, soil and water conservation amount, biodiversity maintenance function index calculated by the ecological service function assessment module, and the soil and water loss sensitivity rate and desertification sensitivity rate calculated by the ecological sensitivity assessment module, and classifies several weights to obtain an ecological service function weight matrix and an ecological sensitivity weight matrix; performs a composite calculation on the ecological service function weight matrix and the ecological sensitivity weight matrix to obtain a comprehensive assessment weight value, and scores and evaluates the ecological environment of the study area according to the comprehensive assessment weight value.

[0033] The technical effects of the present invention are:

[0034] Aiming at the terrain characteristics of high altitude, rocky desertification and serious soil erosion in alpine areas, the present invention calculates the total water content, soil and water conservation capacity, biodiversity, soil erosion sensitivity and rocky desertification sensitivity of the study area through weather and land respectively. Finally, a comprehensive ecological environment assessment of the study area is carried out through a weight calculation method, providing an accurate reference standard for environmental improvement in alpine areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the ecological assessment method for high-cold areas in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the ecological assessment system for high-cold areas in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0039] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowcharts of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that, although a logical order is shown in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0040] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the system disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0041] Embodiment 1

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an ecological assessment method for high-cold areas, including the following steps:

[0043] Obtain ecological data of the assessment area; ecological data include weather data and land data. Weather data is obtained through the weather forecast platform of the relevant area, including precipitation, water evaporation, surface runoff, rainfall erosion, average precipitation, and average temperature data in the assessment area; land data is obtained through the land resource information platform of the assessment area, including the ecosystem type, altitude, terrain undulation, terrain slope, vegetation coverage, and soil erodibility data of the assessment area.

[0044] Based on ecological data, the model evaluation method and the net primary productivity quantitative indicator evaluation method are used to evaluate the ecological service function of the assessment area; the specific steps are as follows:

[0045] Calculate the total water content based on the precipitation, surface runoff, and evaporation data of the assessment area;

[0046] The RUSLE model method is used to calculate the soil and water conservation amount based on the rainfall erosivity, soil erodibility, and vegetation coverage data of the assessment area;

[0047] The biodiversity maintenance function index was calculated using the NPP method based on the average precipitation, average temperature and altitude data of the assessment area;

[0048] The ecological service function of the assessment area is evaluated based on the calculated total water content, soil and water conservation capacity, and biodiversity maintenance function index.

[0049] Based on ecological data, the sensitivity classification method is used to evaluate the ecological sensitivity of the assessment area; the specific process is as follows:

[0050] The ecosystem type, rainfall erosion, soil erodibility, terrain relief, terrain slope and vegetation coverage data in the ecological data were divided into sensitivity levels, and the evaluation factors were calculated respectively;

[0051] Calculate the soil and water loss sensitivity rate and desertification sensitivity rate of the assessment area based on the assessment factors;

[0052] Based on the calculated soil and water loss sensitivity rate and desertification sensitivity rate, an ecological environmental sensitivity assessment is conducted on the assessment area.

[0053] Based on environmental requirements and standards, the weight calculation method is used to calculate the assessment weights for the total water content, water and soil conservation, biodiversity maintenance function index in the ecological service function assessment results, and the soil and water loss sensitivity rate and desertification sensitivity rate in the ecological sensitivity assessment results;

[0054] Classify several weights to obtain the ecological service function weight matrix and ecological sensitivity weight matrix;

[0055] A composite calculation is performed on the ecological service function weight matrix and the ecological sensitivity weight matrix to obtain a comprehensive evaluation weight value, and a scoring and evaluation is performed on the ecological environment of the study area according to the comprehensive evaluation weight value.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides an ecological assessment system for alpine areas, including an ecological data acquisition module, an ecological service function assessment module, an ecological sensitivity assessment module, and a comprehensive assessment module;

[0057] The ecological data acquisition module is used to evaluate the ecological data of the area;

[0058] The ecological service function evaluation module is used to evaluate the ecological service function of the evaluation area according to the ecological data;

[0059] The ecological sensitivity assessment module is used to perform ecological sensitivity assessment on the assessment area according to the ecological data;

[0060] The comprehensive evaluation module is used to score and evaluate the ecological environment of the study area based on the evaluation results of the ecological service function evaluation module and the ecological sensitivity evaluation module.

[0061] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the ecological data acquisition module obtains the precipitation, water evaporation, surface runoff, rainfall erosion, average precipitation, and average temperature data in the assessment area through a weather forecast platform, and obtains the ecosystem type, altitude, terrain undulation, terrain slope, vegetation coverage, and soil erodibility data in the assessment area through a land resource information platform.

[0062] As a preferred implementation mode of the present application, the ecological service function evaluation module adopts a model evaluation method and a net primary productivity quantitative indicator evaluation method to evaluate the ecological service function of the evaluation area; the total water content is calculated based on the precipitation, surface runoff, and water evaporation in the evaluation area; and the RUSLE model method is used to calculate the soil and water conservation amount based on the rainfall erosion, soil erodibility, and vegetation coverage of the evaluation area; at the same time, the NPP method is used to calculate the biodiversity maintenance function index based on the average precipitation, average temperature, and altitude of the evaluation area; the ecological service function of the evaluation area is evaluated based on the calculated total water content, the soil and water conservation amount, and the biodiversity maintenance function index.

[0063] As a preferred implementation mode of the present application, the ecological sensitivity assessment module divides the sensitivity of the ecosystem type, rainfall erosion, soil erodibility, terrain undulation, terrain slope and vegetation coverage according to the precipitation data and land data of the ecological data acquisition module, and calculates the assessment factors respectively, and calculates the soil and water loss sensitivity rate and the rocky desertification sensitivity rate of the assessment area according to the assessment factors; and conducts an ecological environmental sensitivity assessment on the assessment area according to the soil and water loss sensitivity rate and the rocky desertification sensitivity rate.

[0064] As a preferred implementation mode of the present application, the comprehensive evaluation module adopts a weight calculation method according to environmental requirements and standards, and calculates the evaluation weights for the total water content, soil and water conservation amount, biodiversity maintenance function index calculated by the ecological service function evaluation module, and the soil and water loss sensitivity rate and desertification sensitivity rate calculated by the ecological sensitivity evaluation module, and classifies several weights to obtain an ecological service function weight matrix and an ecological sensitivity weight matrix; performs a composite calculation on the ecological service function weight matrix and the ecological sensitivity weight matrix to obtain a comprehensive evaluation weight value, and scores and evaluates the ecological environment of the study area according to the comprehensive evaluation weight value.

[0065] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An ecological assessment method for alpine areas, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Obtain ecological data for the assessment area; Based on the ecological data, the model evaluation method and the net primary productivity quantitative indicator evaluation method were used to evaluate the ecological service function of the evaluation area; Based on the ecological data, the sensitivity classification method is used to conduct ecological sensitivity assessment of the assessment area; The ecological environment of the assessment area is scored and assessed based on the ecological service function assessment results and the ecological sensitivity assessment results.

2. The ecological assessment method for alpine areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ecological data include weather data and land data. The weather data include precipitation, water evaporation, surface runoff, rainfall erosion, average precipitation, and average temperature data in the assessment area; the land data include ecosystem type, altitude, terrain undulation, terrain slope, vegetation coverage, and soil erodibility data in the assessment area.

3. The ecological assessment method for alpine regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of evaluating the ecological service function of the assessment area using the model assessment method and the net primary productivity quantitative indicator assessment method includes: Calculate the total water content based on the precipitation, surface runoff, and evaporation data of the assessment area; The RUSLE model method is used to calculate the soil and water conservation amount based on the rainfall erosivity, soil erodibility, and vegetation coverage data of the assessment area; The biodiversity maintenance function index was calculated using the NPP method based on the average precipitation, average temperature and altitude data of the assessment area; The ecological service function of the assessment area is assessed based on the calculated total water content, the soil and water conservation amount, and the biodiversity maintenance function index.

4. The ecological assessment method for alpine regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of ecological sensitivity assessment of the assessment area using the sensitivity classification method includes: The data of ecosystem type, rainfall erosion, soil erodibility, terrain relief, terrain slope and vegetation coverage were divided into different sensitivity categories, and the assessment factors were calculated respectively; Calculate the soil and water loss sensitivity rate and desertification sensitivity rate of the assessment area based on the assessment factors An ecological environmental sensitivity assessment is conducted on the assessment area based on the soil and water loss sensitivity rate and the rocky desertification sensitivity rate.

5. The ecological assessment method for alpine regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of scoring and evaluating the ecological environment of the assessment area based on the ecological service function assessment results and the ecological sensitivity assessment results includes: Based on the environmental requirements and standards, the weight calculation method is used to calculate the assessment weights of the total water content, water and soil conservation, biodiversity maintenance function index in the ecological service function assessment results, and the soil and water loss sensitivity rate and desertification sensitivity rate in the ecological sensitivity assessment results; Classify several weights to obtain the ecological service function weight matrix and ecological sensitivity weight matrix; A composite calculation is performed on the ecological service function weight matrix and the ecological sensitivity weight matrix to obtain a comprehensive evaluation weight value, and a scoring and evaluation is performed on the ecological environment of the study area according to the comprehensive evaluation weight value.

6. An ecological assessment system for alpine regions, characterized in that: It includes ecological data acquisition module, ecological service function assessment module, ecological sensitivity assessment module and comprehensive assessment module; The ecological data acquisition module is used to evaluate the ecological data of the area; The ecological service function evaluation module is used to evaluate the ecological service function of the evaluation area according to the ecological data; The ecological sensitivity assessment module is used to perform ecological sensitivity assessment on the assessment area according to the ecological data; The comprehensive evaluation module is used to score and evaluate the ecological environment of the study area based on the evaluation results of the ecological service function evaluation module and the ecological sensitivity evaluation module.

7. The ecological assessment system for alpine regions according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ecological data acquisition module obtains the precipitation, water evaporation, surface runoff, rainfall erosion, average precipitation, and average temperature data in the assessment area through the weather forecast platform, and obtains the ecosystem type, altitude, terrain undulation, terrain slope, vegetation coverage, and soil erodibility data in the assessment area through the land resource information platform.

8. The ecological assessment system for alpine regions according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ecological service function evaluation module adopts the model evaluation method and the net primary productivity quantitative indicator evaluation method to evaluate the ecological service function of the evaluation area; the total water content is calculated according to the precipitation, surface runoff and water evaporation in the evaluation area; and the RUSLE model method is used to calculate the soil and water conservation amount according to the rainfall erosion, soil erodibility and vegetation coverage of the evaluation area; at the same time, the NPP method is used to calculate the biodiversity maintenance function index according to the average precipitation, average temperature and altitude of the evaluation area; the ecological service function of the evaluation area is evaluated according to the calculated total water content, the soil and water conservation amount and the biodiversity maintenance function index.

9. The ecological assessment system for alpine regions according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ecological sensitivity assessment module divides the sensitivity of ecosystem type, rainfall erosion, soil erodibility, terrain undulation, terrain slope and vegetation coverage according to the precipitation data and land data of the ecological data acquisition module, and calculates the assessment factors respectively, and calculates the soil and water loss sensitivity rate and the rocky desertification sensitivity rate of the assessment area according to the assessment factors; and conducts an ecological environmental sensitivity assessment on the assessment area according to the soil and water loss sensitivity rate and the rocky desertification sensitivity rate.

10. The ecological assessment system for alpine regions according to claim 6, characterized in that: The comprehensive assessment module uses a weight calculation method according to environmental requirements and standards to calculate the assessment weights of the total water content, water and soil conservation, and biodiversity maintenance function index calculated by the ecological service function assessment module, and the soil and water loss sensitivity rate and desertification sensitivity rate calculated by the ecological sensitivity assessment module, and classifies several weights to obtain an ecological service function weight matrix and an ecological sensitivity weight matrix; A composite calculation is performed on the ecological service function weight matrix and the ecological sensitivity weight matrix to obtain a comprehensive evaluation weight value, and a scoring and evaluation is performed on the ecological environment of the study area according to the comprehensive evaluation weight value.

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