Energy storage system

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of energy storage, in particular to an energy storage system. The energy storage system provided by the invention comprises a frame; the battery pack comprises a plurality of battery clusters arranged in the frame, the plurality of battery clusters are arranged along a first direction, each battery cluster comprises a control module and a plurality of battery units which are stacked along a second direction, the battery units are provided with liquid cooling plates, and cooling liquid channels are arranged in the liquid cooling plates; the cooling pipeline system comprises a liquid supply pipeline system and a liquid return pipeline system, an outlet of the liquid supply pipeline system is communicated with inlets of the cooling liquid channels, and an inlet of the liquid return pipeline system is communicated with outlets of the cooling liquid channels; an inlet of the heat exchange device is communicated with an outlet of the liquid return pipeline system, an outlet of the heat exchange device is communicated with an inlet of the liquid supply pipeline system, and the heat exchange device is used for heat dissipation of the battery cooling liquid. The energy storage system provided by the invention can improve or solve the problem of easy heat accumulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy storage, and in particular to an energy storage system. Background Art

[0002] In the related art, energy storage devices such as battery packs, battery management systems, energy storage converters, and energy management systems are integrated into a box to form a plug-and-play box-type energy storage system. The box-type energy storage system stores electrical energy through batteries and converts direct current into alternating current for output through an inverter when needed.

[0003] After multiple battery packs in a box-type energy storage system have been working for a long time, the heat inside the box will gradually accumulate. Since batteries are flammable and explosive at high temperatures, as the heat inside the box continues to accumulate, the batteries may burn or even explode.

[0004] Therefore, how to avoid the problem of heat accumulation in the energy storage system in the related technology, which may lead to combustion or even explosion, becomes an important technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides an energy storage system, which can improve or solve the problem of heat accumulation.

[0006] The present invention provides an energy storage system, comprising:

[0007] frame;

[0008] A battery pack, comprising a plurality of battery clusters arranged in the frame, the plurality of battery clusters being arranged in a first direction, each of the battery clusters comprising a control module and a plurality of battery cells stacked in a second direction, the battery cells being provided with a liquid cooling plate, and a cooling liquid channel being provided inside the liquid cooling plate;

[0009] A cooling pipeline system, comprising a liquid supply pipeline system and a liquid return pipeline system, wherein the outlet of the liquid supply pipeline system is connected to the inlet of each of the cooling liquid channels, and the inlet of the liquid return pipeline system is connected to the outlet of each of the cooling liquid channels;

[0010] A heat exchange device, wherein the inlet of the heat exchange device is connected to the outlet of the liquid return pipeline system (15), and the outlet of the heat exchange device is connected to the inlet of the liquid supply pipeline system (14), and the heat exchange device is used for dissipating heat from battery coolant.

[0011] Beneficial effects:

[0012] The energy storage system battery pack provided by the present invention has multiple battery clusters, and each battery cluster includes multiple stacked battery cells, with a high energy storage density. When the energy storage system is working, the liquid supply pipeline system transports the coolant to the battery cells. After the coolant exchanges heat with the battery cells, it is transported to the heat exchange device by the return liquid pipeline system. The coolant can quickly exchange heat in the heat exchange device to reduce the temperature. The cooled coolant enters the liquid supply pipeline system, and is then transported by the liquid supply pipeline system to the battery cells for heat exchange, and the cycle continues. The energy storage system provided by the present invention can quickly cool the battery pack, avoiding the problem of temperature accumulation in the battery pack, which leads to combustion or even explosion.

[0013] The energy storage system provided according to the present invention further includes:

[0014] The air conditioner outdoor unit is arranged in the frame, and the air conditioner outdoor unit is provided with a refrigerant heat exchanger, which constitutes the heat exchange device, and the refrigerant heat exchanger is used for heat exchange between battery coolant and air conditioner refrigerant.

[0015] The energy storage system provided according to the present invention further includes:

[0016] An air heat exchanger is arranged on the frame, the air heat exchanger constitutes the heat exchange device, and the air heat exchanger is used for heat exchange between battery coolant and external air.

[0017] The energy storage system provided according to the present invention further includes:

[0018] An air conditioner outdoor unit is arranged in the frame, the air conditioner outdoor unit is provided with a refrigerant heat exchanger, the inlet of the refrigerant heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the return liquid pipeline system, the outlet of the refrigerant heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the supply liquid pipeline system, and the refrigerant heat exchanger is used for heat exchange between battery coolant and air conditioner refrigerant;

[0019] An air heat exchanger is arranged on the frame, the inlet of the air heat exchanger is connected to the liquid return pipeline system through a first pipeline, and the outlet of the air heat exchanger is connected to the liquid supply pipeline system through a second pipeline. The air heat exchanger is used for heat exchange between battery coolant and outside air. The air heat exchanger and the refrigerant heat exchanger together constitute the heat exchange device;

[0020] A first control valve, used to control the connection or cutoff of the air heat exchanger with the liquid supply pipeline system and the liquid return pipeline system;

[0021] The second control valve is used to control the connection or cutoff between the refrigerant heat exchanger and the liquid supply pipeline system and the liquid return pipeline system.

[0022] Beneficial effects:

[0023] When the energy storage system is working, if the temperature of the external environment exceeds the set temperature, the first control valve can be closed and the second control valve can be opened, so that the coolant enters the refrigerant heat exchanger to exchange heat with the refrigerant of the air conditioner. When the temperature of the external environment is lower than the set temperature, the first control valve can be opened and the second control valve can be closed, so that the coolant enters the air heat exchanger, and the coolant can exchange heat with the outside air in the air heat exchanger. Therefore, the further scheme provided by the present invention can control the heat exchange of the coolant with the refrigerant heat exchanger or with the air heat exchanger according to the external temperature conditions, thereby optimizing the heat exchange method and reducing energy consumption.

[0024] According to the energy storage system provided by the present invention, the air conditioner outdoor unit includes a fan, and the air heat exchanger can be switched between a first position and a second position on the frame;

[0025] When the air heat exchanger is in the first position, the air heat exchanger corresponds to the air outlet of the air conditioner outdoor unit, so that the fan can drive the air flow to blow toward the air heat exchanger;

[0026] When the air heat exchanger is in the second position, the air heat exchanger avoids the air outlet of the air conditioner outdoor unit.

[0027] The energy storage system provided according to the present invention further includes:

[0028] A fire-fighting pipeline, the first end of which is used to be connected to an external fire-fighting facility, the second end of which is communicated with the liquid supply pipeline system or the liquid return pipeline system, and the fire-fighting pipeline is provided with a valve device;

[0029] A spray device is arranged in each of the battery cells, the spray device is connected to the liquid supply pipeline system, and the spray device is suitable for opening when the temperature reaches a set temperature.

[0030] Beneficial effects:

[0031] In a further solution, the energy storage system further includes a fire-fighting pipeline. A sprinkler device may be provided in the battery cell, and the sprinkler device may be specifically a fire-fighting nozzle. The first end of the fire-fighting pipeline is connected to an external fire-fighting facility, and the second end is connected to a liquid supply pipeline system or a liquid return pipeline system, and a valve device is provided on the fire-fighting pipeline. When a high temperature or combustion problem occurs in the battery cell, the sprinkler device is activated and the valve device is opened. External fire-fighting equipment sprays and cools the inside of the battery cell through the fire-fighting pipeline and the sprinkler device, thereby effectively avoiding the occurrence of fire.

[0032] According to the energy storage system provided by the present invention, the valve device is configured as a one-way valve, and the one-way valve is suitable for opening under the condition that the difference between the internal pressure of the first end and the internal pressure of the second end is greater than a threshold value.

[0033] Beneficial effects:

[0034] In a further solution, the valve device on the fire-fighting pipeline is set as a one-way valve, and the one-way valve opens under the condition that the difference between the internal pressure at the first end and the internal pressure at the second end of the fire-fighting pipeline is greater than a threshold value. When the sprinkler sprays water, the liquid pressure in the closed circulation pipeline system composed of the liquid supply pipeline system and the liquid return pipeline system decreases. At this time, the difference between the internal pressure at the first end and the internal pressure at the second end of the fire-fighting pipeline can be greater than the threshold value, thereby opening the one-way valve, and the fire-fighting equipment pumps water into the liquid supply pipeline system or the liquid return pipeline system, so that the sprinkler can continuously spray water outward to play a role in fire fighting.

[0035] According to the energy storage system provided by the present invention, the spray device comprises:

[0036] Sprinkler body;

[0037] A plug is used to seal the injection port of the shower head body, and the plug is configured to melt under a set temperature condition.

[0038] Beneficial effects:

[0039] When combustion occurs in the battery cell, the plug melts under the action of high temperature, and then the nozzle of the sprinkler head body automatically opens and starts to spray water outward to cool down. Compared with the method of automatically opening the sprinkler head by electronic devices, this solution automatically controls the opening of the sprinkler head through a purely mechanical structure, which can avoid the problem of electronic device failure caused by high temperature or combustion, and the reliability is effectively improved.

[0040] According to the energy storage system provided by the present invention, the liquid supply pipeline system comprises:

[0041] a liquid supply trunk line, connected to the outlet of the heat exchange device;

[0042] The first-stage liquid supply branch is provided in plurality, and the plurality of the first-stage liquid supply branches are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of the battery clusters, and the inlet of each of the first-stage liquid supply branches is connected to the liquid supply trunk;

[0043] The second-stage liquid supply branch is provided in plurality, each of the first-stage liquid supply branches is connected to a plurality of the second-stage liquid supply branches, and each of the second-stage liquid supply branches is connected to the inlet of the liquid cooling plate in a one-to-one correspondence;

[0044] The liquid return pipeline system comprises:

[0045] A liquid return trunk line connected to the inlet of the heat exchange device;

[0046] The first-stage liquid return branch is provided in plurality, and the plurality of the first-stage liquid return branches are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of the battery clusters, and the outlets of the respective first-stage liquid return branches are connected to the liquid return trunk;

[0047] The second-stage liquid return branch is provided in plurality, each of the first-stage liquid return branch is connected with a plurality of the second-stage liquid return branches, and each of the second-stage liquid return branches is connected with the outlet of the liquid cooling plate in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0048] According to the energy storage system provided by the present invention, a driving pump for driving the circulation of the coolant is provided on the liquid supply trunk line or the liquid return trunk line;

[0049] And / or, the liquid supply trunk line or the liquid return trunk line is provided with a voltage stabilizer.

[0050] According to the energy storage system provided by the present invention, the multiple battery cells of each battery cluster are provided with corresponding first connection holes, the multiple battery cells of each battery cluster are connected in series through a connecting rod inserted into the first connection hole, and second connection holes are provided on a pair of opposite side frames of the frame, and both ends of the connecting rod are connected to the second connection holes.

[0051] According to the energy storage system provided by the present invention, the control module is arranged at the end of the battery cluster along the second direction, and a heat exchange tube is arranged inside the control module, and the heat exchange tube is connected to the liquid supply pipeline system and the liquid return pipeline system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0053] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 It is a partial schematic diagram of a liquid supply pipeline system and a liquid return pipeline system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of an air heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle part A;

[0057] Figure 5A schematic diagram of the battery cluster structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a battery unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a frame and an air heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of a spray device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] Description of reference numerals:

[0062] 11. Frame; 12. Battery cluster; 121. Battery unit; 122. Control module; 123. Connecting rod; 124. Battery cell; 125. Spraying device; 13. Air conditioner outdoor unit; 14. Liquid supply pipeline system; 141. Liquid supply trunk; 142. First-level liquid supply branch; 143. Second-level liquid supply branch; 15. Liquid return pipeline system; 151. Liquid return trunk; 152. First-level liquid return branch; 153. Second-level liquid return branch; 161. Fire protection pipeline; 162. One-way valve; 17. Drive pump; 181. First pipeline; 182. First control valve; 183. Second pipeline; 184. Second control valve; 19. Air heat exchanger; 191. Roller; 20. Voltage stabilizer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0064] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the energy storage system provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a frame 11, a battery pack, a cooling pipeline system and a heat exchange device.

[0065] The frame 11 may be configured as a rectangular parallelepiped frame 11 composed of a plurality of metal frames, and the interior of the frame 11 provides installation space for the battery pack, the cooling pipe system, and the heat exchange device.

[0066] The battery pack includes a plurality of battery clusters 12 arranged in a frame 11, wherein the plurality of battery clusters 12 are arranged along a first direction, and each battery cluster 12 includes a control module 122 and a plurality of battery cells 121 stacked along a second direction, wherein the battery cells 121 are provided with a liquid cooling plate, and a cooling liquid channel is provided inside the liquid cooling plate.

[0067] In some embodiments, there can be five battery clusters 12, and the five battery clusters 12 are closely arranged along the first direction. Each battery cluster 12 includes a plurality of battery cells 121 and a control module 122, and the plurality of battery cells 121 and the control module 122 are stacked along the second direction, and the first direction and the second direction may be perpendicular to each other. The battery cell 121 may be composed of a rectangular shell and a plurality of battery cells 124 arranged in the shell, and the plurality of battery cells 124 may be laid on the upper surface or the lower surface of the liquid cooling plate. The control module 122 may also include a rectangular shell and a controller and electronic components arranged in the shell. A plurality of battery cells 121 and a control module 122 are directly stacked together to form a battery cluster 12. This battery cluster 12 structure can efficiently utilize space and improve energy density.

[0068] The cooling pipeline system includes a liquid supply pipeline system 14 and a liquid return pipeline system 15. The liquid supply pipeline system 14 is used to transport cooling liquid to the liquid cooling plate, and the liquid return pipeline system 15 is used to output the cooling liquid in the liquid cooling plate.

[0069] The inlet of the heat exchange device is connected to the outlet of the liquid return pipe system 15, the outlet of the heat exchange device is connected to the inlet of the liquid supply pipe system 14, the outlet of the liquid supply pipe system 14 is connected to the inlet of each coolant channel, and the inlet of the liquid return pipe system 15 is connected to the outlet of each coolant channel. In this way, the heat exchange device, the liquid supply pipe system 14, the liquid cooling plate, and the liquid return pipe system 15 constitute a closed coolant circulation flow path.

[0070] The battery pack of the energy storage system provided in this embodiment has a plurality of battery clusters 12, and each battery cluster 12 includes a plurality of stacked battery cells 121, and has a high energy storage density. When the energy storage system is working, the liquid supply pipeline system 14 transports the coolant to the battery cells 121. After the coolant exchanges heat with the battery cells 121, it is transported to the heat exchange device by the liquid return pipeline system 15, and the coolant exchanges heat and cools down in the heat exchange device. The cooled coolant enters the liquid supply pipeline system 14, and is then transported by the liquid supply pipeline system 14 to the battery cells 121 for heat exchange, and the cycle continues. The energy storage system provided by the present invention can quickly cool down the battery pack, avoiding the problem of temperature accumulation in the battery pack, which may lead to combustion or even explosion.

[0071] In a further embodiment, each battery cluster 12 can be detachably installed in the frame 11, and the battery cluster 12 is also connected to the liquid supply pipeline system 14 and the liquid return pipeline system 15 through pipeline joints. In this way, the energy storage system provided in this embodiment can choose the number of battery clusters 12 to be installed according to actual needs. For example, the frame 11 can reserve installation positions for five groups of battery clusters 12. When the energy storage system is used in a scenario with a small power demand, only 1-3 groups of battery clusters 12 can be installed in the frame 11. When the energy storage system is used in a scenario with a large power demand, 4-5 groups of battery clusters 12 can be installed in the frame 11.

[0072] In a further embodiment, the energy storage system includes an air conditioner outdoor unit 13, which is disposed in the frame 11, that is, the energy storage system integrates the air conditioner outdoor unit 13 and the battery pack in the frame 11. The air conditioner outdoor unit 13 includes a refrigerant heat exchanger, which is used for heat exchange of the refrigerant inside the air conditioner. In this embodiment, the refrigerant heat exchanger constitutes the heat exchange device.

[0073] In this embodiment, when the air conditioner is in the heating mode, the refrigerant in the refrigerant heat exchanger can exchange heat with the battery coolant, and the refrigerant can quickly absorb the heat of the battery coolant, so that the battery coolant cools down. In some embodiments, the refrigerant heat exchanger may include a refrigerant coil and a water tank, and the refrigerant coil is arranged in the water tank. After the battery coolant enters the water tank and exchanges heat with the refrigerant coil, it is output from the water tank. Alternatively, the refrigerant heat exchanger may include a refrigerant coil and a coolant coil, and the coolant coil and the refrigerant coil are in staggered contact. After the coolant enters the coolant coil, it exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the refrigerant coil and is output from the coolant coil.

[0074] In a further embodiment, the energy storage system further includes an air heat exchanger 19, a first control valve 182 and a second control valve 184. The inlet of the air heat exchanger 19 is connected to the liquid return pipeline system 15 through the first pipeline 181, and the outlet of the air heat exchanger 19 is connected to the liquid supply pipeline system 14 through the second pipeline 183. The air heat exchanger 19 is used for heat exchange between the battery coolant and the outside air. The first control valve 182 is used to control the connection or cutoff of the air heat exchanger 19 with the liquid supply pipeline system 14 and the liquid return pipeline system 15. The second control valve 184 is used to control the connection or cutoff of the refrigerant heat exchanger with the liquid supply pipeline system 14 and the liquid return pipeline system 15.

[0075] The air heat exchanger 19 and the refrigerant heat exchanger are arranged in parallel in the coolant circulation flow path, and the two together constitute a heat exchange device of the energy storage system. In addition, this embodiment can select the coolant to flow through the air heat exchanger 19 or the coolant to flow through the refrigerant heat exchanger through the control of the first control valve 182 and the second control valve 184.

[0076] With such a configuration, when the energy storage system is working, if the temperature of the external environment exceeds the set temperature, the first control valve 182 can be closed and the second control valve 184 can be opened, so that the coolant enters the refrigerant heat exchanger to exchange heat with the refrigerant of the air conditioner. When the temperature of the external environment is lower than the set temperature, the first control valve 182 can be opened and the second control valve 184 can be closed, so that the coolant enters the air heat exchanger 19, and the coolant can exchange heat with the outside air in the air heat exchanger 19. Therefore, the further scheme provided in this embodiment can control the heat exchange between the coolant and the refrigerant heat exchanger or the air heat exchanger 19 according to the external temperature conditions, thereby optimizing the heat exchange method and reducing energy consumption.

[0077] In a further embodiment, the air conditioner outdoor unit 13 includes a fan, which is used to drive airflow to blow toward the refrigerant heat exchanger for heat dissipation under normal conditions. The air heat exchanger 19 can be switched between a first position and a second position on the frame 11. When the air heat exchanger 19 is in the first position, the air heat exchanger 19 corresponds to the air outlet of the air conditioner outdoor unit 13, so that the fan can drive airflow to blow toward the air heat exchanger 19; when the air heat exchanger 19 is in the second position, the air heat exchanger 19 avoids the air outlet of the air conditioner outdoor unit 13.

[0078] Specifically, a slide groove may be provided on the frame 11, and a roller 191 may be provided on the air heat exchanger 19, and the roller 191 cooperates with the slide groove. The air heat exchanger 19 is pushed to slide along the slide groove so that the air heat exchanger 19 can switch between the first position and the second position. The shell of the air conditioner outdoor unit 13 is provided with an air outlet. When the air heat exchanger 19 is moved to the first position, the air discharged by the air conditioner outdoor unit 13 can flow through the air heat exchanger 19, thereby accelerating the heat dissipation of the air heat exchanger 19. When the air heat exchanger 19 is not needed for heat dissipation, the air heat exchanger 19 can be moved to the second position to avoid obstruction to the exhaust of the air conditioner outdoor unit 13.

[0079] In other embodiments, the heat exchange device of the energy storage system may also only include the air heat exchanger 19, and the air heat exchanger 19 can be used to dissipate heat between the coolant and the outside air, which can also have the effect of reducing the temperature of the coolant.

[0080] In a further embodiment, the energy storage system further includes a fire-fighting pipeline 161 and a sprinkler device 125. The first end of the fire-fighting pipeline 161 is used to connect to an external fire-fighting facility, and the second end is connected to the liquid supply pipeline system 14 or the liquid return pipeline system 15. A valve device is provided on the fire-fighting pipeline 161. It should be noted that the external fire-fighting facility refers to a fire-fighting facility outside the energy storage system, for example, it can be specifically a fire hydrant in a factory.

[0081] The spray device 125 is disposed in each battery unit 121 . The spray device 125 is connected to the liquid supply pipeline system 14 . The spray device 125 is adapted to be turned on when the temperature reaches a set temperature.

[0082] When high temperature or burning occurs in the battery unit 121, the spray device 125 is turned on, and at the same time, the valve device is opened, and the external fire fighting facilities are connected to the liquid supply pipeline system 14 or the liquid return pipeline system 15, and water is continuously supplied to the liquid supply pipeline system 14 or the liquid return pipeline system 15, and is continuously sprayed out by the spray device 125. In this way, water can be continuously sprayed to the battery unit 121 that generates high temperature or burning to cool it down.

[0083] This embodiment integrates the fire protection system of the energy storage system with the cooling pipe system of the battery. It is only necessary to set up a fire protection pipe 161 and a valve device connected to the external fire protection facilities in the cooling pipe system of the battery to realize the fire protection function of the energy storage system. There is no need to arrange a separate fire protection system in the energy storage system, which effectively simplifies the piping structure of the energy storage system.

[0084] In a further embodiment, the valve device is configured as a one-way valve 162, which is adapted to open when the difference between the internal pressure at the first end and the internal pressure at the second end is greater than a threshold value. That is, when the difference between the water supply pressure of the external fire-fighting facility and the pressure value of the battery coolant is greater than a threshold value, the one-way valve 162 opens.

[0085] Specifically, when the spray device 125 starts spraying, the battery coolant is sprayed out by the spray device 125, and the pressure of the battery coolant drops significantly. At this time, the difference between the water supply pressure of the external fire-fighting facilities and the pressure value of the battery coolant exceeds the threshold value, and the one-way valve 162 opens to supply water to the spray device 125.

[0086] With such arrangement, the one-way valve 162 can realize automatic water supply to the external fire-fighting facilities, and can prevent the battery coolant from flowing back into the external fire-fighting facilities, resulting in the problem of battery coolant loss.

[0087] In a further embodiment, the spray device 125 includes a spray head body and a plug. The spray head body has a spray port, and water can be sprayed out from the spray port. The plug is normally sealed at the spray port of the spray head body, and the plug is configured to melt under a set temperature condition. The material of the plug can be a metal or polymer material with a low melting point, such as a low melting point metal such as lead, tin, gallium, or a polymer material such as a thermoplastic plastic or a thermosetting plastic.

[0088] When high temperature or combustion occurs in the battery cell 121, the plug can melt quickly, and then the spray port of the sprinkler head body automatically opens, and starts to spray water outward to cool down, and the pressure of the battery coolant drops. At this time, the difference between the water supply pressure of the external fire-fighting facilities and the pressure value of the battery coolant will exceed the threshold value. At this time, the one-way valve 162 opens to supply water to the sprinkler device 125. Compared with the method of automatically controlling the opening of the sprinkler head through electronic devices, this embodiment automatically controls the opening of the sprinkler head through a purely mechanical structure, which can avoid the problem of electronic device failure due to high temperature or combustion, and the reliability is effectively improved.

[0089] In some embodiments, the liquid supply pipeline system 14 includes a liquid supply trunk 141, a first-level liquid supply branch 142, and a second-level liquid supply branch 143. The liquid supply trunk 141 is connected to the outlet of the refrigerant heat exchanger, a plurality of first-level liquid supply branches 142 are provided, and the plurality of first-level liquid supply branches 142 are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of battery clusters 12, and the inlet of each first-level liquid supply branch 142 is connected to the liquid supply trunk 141; a plurality of second-level liquid supply branches 143 are provided, and each first-level liquid supply branch 142 is connected to a plurality of second-level liquid supply branches 143, and each second-level liquid supply branch 143 is connected to the inlet of the liquid cooling plate in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0090] With such arrangement, the cooling liquid is directed from the liquid supply main line 141 to each first-stage liquid supply branch 142 , and each first-stage liquid supply branch 142 is arranged one-to-one with each battery cluster 12 . The cooling liquid enters through each first-stage liquid supply branch 142 and flows to each battery cluster 12 . Thereafter, the cooling liquid is directed by the second-stage liquid supply branch 143 to each liquid cooling plate to exchange heat with the battery cell 121 .

[0091] The liquid return piping system 15 includes a liquid return trunk 151, a first-stage liquid return branch 152, and a second-stage liquid return branch 153. The liquid return trunk 151 is connected to the inlet of the refrigerant heat exchanger; there are multiple first-stage liquid return branches 152, and the multiple first-stage liquid return branches 152 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple battery clusters 12, and the outlets of each first-stage liquid return branch 152 are connected to the liquid return trunk 151; there are multiple second-stage liquid return branches 153, and each first-stage liquid return branch 152 is connected to multiple second-stage liquid return branches 153, and each second-stage liquid return branch 153 is connected to the outlet of the liquid cooling plate in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0092] After the coolant in the liquid cooling plate exchanges heat with the battery unit 121, it flows into the second-stage liquid return branch 153, and then the coolant in each second-stage liquid return branch 153 flows back to the first-stage liquid return branch 152, and finally the coolant in each first-stage liquid return branch 152 flows back to the liquid return trunk 151. The coolant in the liquid return trunk 151 enters the refrigerant heat exchanger or the air heat exchanger 19 for heat exchange and cooling, and then flows out to the liquid supply trunk 141, and the cycle repeats.

[0093] In a further embodiment, in order to speed up the circulation of the coolant and improve the cooling efficiency of the battery unit 121, a driving pump 17 for driving the circulation of the coolant is provided on the liquid supply trunk 141 or the liquid return trunk 151. The driving pump 17 is used to drive the coolant to circulate rapidly in the coolant circulation pipeline system, thereby speeding up the heat exchange efficiency and preventing the temperature of the battery unit 121 from accumulating too high.

[0094] In a further embodiment, the liquid supply trunk 141 or the liquid return trunk 151 is provided with a pressure regulator 20. The pressure regulator 20 may be specifically a diaphragm pressure regulator 20, which is connected to the liquid supply trunk 141 or the liquid return trunk 151. When the pressure of the coolant in the liquid supply trunk 141 or the liquid return trunk 151 is relatively high, the diaphragm pressure regulator 20 may absorb the coolant in the liquid supply trunk 141 or the liquid return trunk 151 to avoid damage to the pipeline caused by excessive pressure. When the pressure of the liquid supply trunk 141 or the liquid return trunk 151 is relatively low, the diaphragm pressure regulator 20 may replenish the coolant to the liquid supply trunk 141 or the liquid return trunk 151 to ensure that there is sufficient coolant pressure for it to flow.

[0095] In a further embodiment, the multiple battery cells 121 of each battery cluster 12 are provided with corresponding first connection holes, and the multiple battery cells 121 of each battery cluster 12 are connected in series through a connecting rod 123 inserted into the first connection hole. A second connection hole is provided on a pair of opposite side frames of the frame 11, and both ends of the connecting rod 123 are connected to the second connection holes.

[0096] For example, the multiple battery cells 121 of each battery cluster 12 are each provided with two or three pairs of first connection holes, the frame 11 is provided with second connection holes corresponding to the number and position of the first connection holes, the connecting rod 123 can be a screw rod, and the multiple screw rods are respectively inserted into the multiple first connection holes to connect the multiple battery cells 121 in series. In addition, the two ends of the screw rod pass through the second connection holes of the frame 11 and are fixedly connected by nuts.

[0097] Such a configuration achieves a close connection of the battery cells 121. Compared with the related art in which the battery cells 121 are placed in respective accommodating cavities of the box body, the energy storage system provided in this embodiment can accommodate more battery cells 121, and the fixing method of the battery cells 121 is simple and reliable.

[0098] In a further embodiment, the control module 122 of the battery cluster 12 is disposed at the end of the battery cluster 12 along the second direction, and a heat exchange tube is disposed inside the control module 122, and the heat exchange tube is connected with the liquid supply pipeline system 14 and the liquid return pipeline system 15. In this configuration, the liquid supply pipeline system 14 can guide the coolant to the heat exchange tube in the control module 122, so that the coolant exchanges heat with the power components in the control module 122, cools down the power components, and the coolant after heat exchange is guided back by the liquid return pipeline system 15.

[0099] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations are all within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An energy storage system, characterized in that: include: Frame (11); A battery pack, comprising a plurality of battery clusters (12) arranged in the frame (11), the plurality of battery clusters (12) being arranged in a first direction, each of the battery clusters (12) comprising a control module (122) and a plurality of battery cells (121) stacked in a second direction, the battery cells (121) being provided with a liquid cooling plate, the liquid cooling plate being provided with a cooling liquid channel therein; A cooling pipeline system, comprising a liquid supply pipeline system (14) and a liquid return pipeline system (15), wherein the outlet of the liquid supply pipeline system (14) is connected to the inlet of each of the cooling liquid channels, and the inlet of the liquid return pipeline system (15) is connected to the outlet of each of the cooling liquid channels; A heat exchange device, wherein the inlet of the heat exchange device is connected to the outlet of the liquid return pipeline system (15), and the outlet of the heat exchange device is connected to the inlet of the liquid supply pipeline system (14), and the heat exchange device is used for dissipating heat from battery coolant.

2. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: An air conditioner outdoor unit (13) is arranged in the frame (11). The air conditioner outdoor unit (13) is provided with a refrigerant heat exchanger. The refrigerant heat exchanger constitutes the heat exchange device. The refrigerant heat exchanger is used for heat exchange between battery coolant and air conditioner refrigerant.

3. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: An air heat exchanger (19) is arranged on the frame (11); the air heat exchanger (19) constitutes the heat exchange device; the air heat exchanger (19) is used for heat exchange between battery coolant and outside air.

4. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: An air conditioner outdoor unit (13) is arranged in the frame (11), the air conditioner outdoor unit (13) is provided with a refrigerant heat exchanger, the inlet of the refrigerant heat exchanger is connected to the outlet of the return liquid pipeline system (15), the outlet of the refrigerant heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the supply liquid pipeline system (14), and the refrigerant heat exchanger is used for heat exchange between battery coolant and air conditioner refrigerant; An air heat exchanger (19) is arranged on the frame (11); the inlet of the air heat exchanger (19) is connected to the liquid return pipeline system (15) through a first pipeline (181); the outlet of the air heat exchanger (19) is connected to the liquid supply pipeline system (14) through a second pipeline (183); the air heat exchanger (19) is used for heat exchange between battery coolant and outside air; the air heat exchanger (19) and the refrigerant heat exchanger together constitute the heat exchange device; A first control valve (182) for controlling the connection or disconnection between the air heat exchanger (19) and the liquid supply pipeline system (14) and the liquid return pipeline system (15); The second control valve (184) is used to control the connection or disconnection between the refrigerant heat exchanger and the liquid supply pipeline system (14) and the liquid return pipeline system (15).

5. The energy storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air conditioner outdoor unit (13) comprises a fan, and the air heat exchanger (19) can be switched between a first position and a second position on the frame (11); When the air heat exchanger (19) is in the first position, the air heat exchanger (19) corresponds to the air outlet of the air conditioner outdoor unit (13), so that the fan can drive the air flow to blow toward the air heat exchanger (19); When the air heat exchanger (19) is in the second position, the air heat exchanger (19) avoids the air outlet of the air conditioner outdoor unit (13).

6. The energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Also includes: A fire-fighting pipeline (161), a first end of which is used to be connected to an external fire-fighting facility, and a second end of which is in communication with the liquid supply pipeline system (14) or the liquid return pipeline system (15), and a valve device is provided on the fire-fighting pipeline (161); A spray device (125) is arranged in each of the battery cells (121); the spray device (125) is connected to the liquid supply pipeline system (14); and the spray device (125) is suitable for opening when the temperature reaches a set temperature.

7. The energy storage system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The valve device is configured as a one-way valve (162), and the one-way valve (162) is adapted to open under the condition that the difference between the internal pressure of the first end and the internal pressure of the second end is greater than a threshold value.

8. The energy storage system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spraying device (125) comprises: Sprinkler body; A plug is used to seal the injection port of the shower head body, and the plug is configured to melt under a set temperature condition.

9. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid supply pipeline system (14) comprises: A liquid supply trunk line (141) connected to the outlet of the heat exchange device; A plurality of first-stage liquid supply branches (142) are provided, wherein the plurality of first-stage liquid supply branches (142) are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of battery clusters (12), and the inlet of each first-stage liquid supply branch (142) is connected to the liquid supply trunk (141); The second-stage liquid supply branch (143) is provided in plurality, each of the first-stage liquid supply branch (142) is connected to a plurality of the second-stage liquid supply branch (143), and each of the second-stage liquid supply branch (143) is connected to an inlet of the liquid cooling plate in a one-to-one correspondence; The liquid return pipeline system (15) comprises: A liquid return trunk line (151) connected to the inlet of the heat exchange device; A plurality of first-stage liquid return branches (152) are provided, the plurality of first-stage liquid return branches (152) are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of battery clusters (12), and the outlets of the respective first-stage liquid return branches (152) are connected to the liquid return trunk line (151); The second-stage liquid return branch (153) is provided in plurality, each of the first-stage liquid return branch (152) is connected to a plurality of the second-stage liquid return branches (153), and each of the second-stage liquid return branches (153) is connected to the outlet of the liquid cooling plate in a one-to-one correspondence.

10. The energy storage system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The liquid supply trunk line (141) or the liquid return trunk line (151) is provided with a driving pump (17) for driving the circulation of the cooling liquid; And / or, the liquid supply trunk line (141) or the liquid return trunk line (151) is provided with a voltage stabilizer (20).

11. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of battery cells (121) of each battery cluster (12) are provided with corresponding first connection holes, and the plurality of battery cells (121) of each battery cluster (12) are connected in series via a connection rod (123) inserted into the first connection hole. A pair of opposite frames of the frame (11) are provided with second connection holes, and both ends of the connection rod (123) are connected to the second connection holes.

12. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module (122) is arranged at the end of the battery cluster (12) along the second direction, and a heat exchange tube is arranged inside the control module (122), and the heat exchange tube is connected to the liquid supply pipeline system (14) and the liquid return pipeline system (15).

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