A machine tool and a drilling method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of machining, and provides a machining tool and a drilling machining method, which comprises the following steps: S1, a first drill bit is installed on a main shaft, the first drill bit performs primary drilling on a drilling position of a machining piece, and an inner cooling assembly and an outer cooling assembly cool the first drill bit during drilling; after drilling, a detection assembly performs first detection on the drilling; S2, the first drill bit on the main shaft is switched to a second drill bit, the second drill bit performs secondary drilling on the drilling position of the machining piece, the inner cooling assembly and the outer cooling assembly cool the second drill bit during drilling; after drilling, the detection assembly performs second detection on the drilling; through the working cooling of the inner cooling assembly, the resource waste of the cooling liquid is reduced when the drilling temperature is low, and the cooling liquid can be quickly cooled when the temperature is increased by controlling the flow rate of the cooling liquid in the inner cooling assembly and starting the outer cooling assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of machining, and in particular to a machining machine tool and a drilling method. Background Art

[0002] During drilling, in order to ensure the drilling accuracy of the plate, different rotation speeds need to be used according to different processing materials.

[0003] Existing drilling methods mostly use external direct spraying of coolant for cooling. Although it can achieve a mobile cooling effect in some plate processing, when processing some deeper holes, the temperature of the drill end and the inside cannot be reduced in time, which will cause damage to the drill bit and then damage to the workpiece. At the same time, directly using the spraying method for cooling does not adjust the temperature changes during processing to maintain the best cooling effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, such as poor cooling efficiency and low machining accuracy, the present invention aims to provide a machining machine and a drilling method that are convenient for reducing temperature and improving machining accuracy.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A drilling method, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: The first drill bit is mounted on the spindle, and the first drill bit performs an initial drilling at the drilling position of the workpiece. During drilling, the internal cooling assembly and the external cooling assembly cool the first drill bit; after drilling, the inspection assembly performs a first inspection on the drilled hole;

[0008] S2: The first drill bit on the spindle is switched to the second drill bit, and the second drill bit drills a second hole at the drilling position of the workpiece. During drilling, the internal cooling component and the external cooling component cool the second drill bit; after drilling, the detection component performs a second detection on the drilled hole;

[0009] S3: The second drill bit on the spindle is switched to the third drill bit, and the third drill bit drills a hole at the drilling position of the workpiece for the third time. During drilling, the internal cooling component and the external cooling component cool the third drill bit; after drilling, the inspection component inspects the hole for the third time;

[0010] S4: Analyze the results of the first, second, and third tests to determine the accuracy of the machined hole and the damage of the drill bit;

[0011] In S1 to S3, when the drill bit drills a hole in the workpiece, the external cooling assembly first contacts the workpiece to activate the internal cooling assembly. During the drilling process, the activation of the external cooling assembly and the flow rate of the coolant are controlled according to the temperature changes of the workpiece and the coolant.

[0012] In some embodiments, the diameter of the first drill bit is smaller than the diameter of the machined hole, and the drilling end of the first drill bit is provided with a through hole connected to the clamping end.

[0013] In some embodiments, the diameter of the second drill bit is smaller than the diameter of the machined hole, and the drilling end of the second drill bit is provided with a through hole connected to the clamping end; the width of the second drill bit spiral groove close to the drilling end is greater than the width away from the drilling end.

[0014] In some embodiments, the diameter of the third drill bit is equal to the diameter of the machined hole, and the drilling end of the third drill bit is provided with a through hole connected to the clamping end.

[0015] In some embodiments, the drilling ends of the first drill bit and the second drill bit are tapered, and the angle of the tapered end is 80-90 degrees.

[0016] In some embodiments, the rotational speed of the first drill bit and the second drill bit during drilling is 2000-2500 rpm; the rotational speed of the third drill bit during drilling is 3000-4000 rpm.

[0017] In some embodiments, the internal cooling component delivers cooling liquid to the through hole through the first pump body, and the cooling liquid flows through the through hole to one end of the drill hole.

[0018] In some embodiments, the external cooling assembly is provided with a temperature sensor and a trigger mechanism; when the external cooling assembly contacts the workpiece, the trigger mechanism controls the internal cooling assembly to start;

[0019] When the temperature sensor sends a signal, the external cooling component is started and the pumping speed of the first pump body is controlled to increase;

[0020] When the drill bit is drilling, the external cooling assembly is sleeved on the outside of the drill bit and is spaced apart from the drill bit.

[0021] In some embodiments, the detection assembly includes an analysis module and a plurality of detection light sources;

[0022] The detection light source can emit infrared light and white light. The infrared light illuminates a line and points to the edge of the processed hole. The infrared light is used to analyze the diameter and shape of the circular hole. The white light illuminates the processed hole for analyzing the smoothness inside the hole. The analysis module is used to analyze the infrared light and white light irradiated by the detection light source.

[0023] In some embodiments, comprising a body and a processor;

[0024] A fixing seat for fixing the workpiece is provided on the machine body; the fixing seat is used to fix the workpiece;

[0025] The processor is configured to execute a drilling method.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: first, the temperature is reduced by the operation of the internal cooling component, and then the coolant flow rate in the internal cooling component is accelerated and the external cooling component is started through temperature changes, thereby realizing dual operation, which can reduce the waste of coolant resources when the drilling temperature is low, and can quickly reduce the temperature when the temperature rises. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of the machine tool of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is an enlarged view of point A of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a main body stereogram of the processing device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the processing state of the processing device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 A perspective view of the main shaft of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 An exploded view of the spindle and internal cooling assembly of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the external cooling assembly of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the first drill bit of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 is a three-dimensional diagram of a second drill bit of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the third head of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 11 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the temperature control mechanism of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the swing rod of the external cooling assembly of the present invention after it swings upward;

[0039] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of processing an elliptical hole according to the present invention.

[0040] Reference numerals:

[0041] 100, processing device; 110, main body; 120, main shaft; 130, internal cooling assembly; 140, external cooling assembly; 150, trigger mechanism; 160, detection assembly; 170, through hole; 180, temperature control mechanism;

[0042] 10a, first drill bit; 10b, second drill bit; 10c, third drill bit;

[0043] 11a, drilling end; 11b, clamping end;

[0044] 131. Liquid delivery pipe; 132. Rotary sealing ring; 133. First pump body;

[0045] 141. Second pump body; 142. Telescopic member; 143. Swing assembly; 144. Liquid delivery pipe; 145. Liquid spray assembly;

[0046] 14a, sleeve; 14b, rotating wheel; 14c, rocker; 14d, spring;

[0047] 14f, arc-shaped block; 14e, liquid injection port;

[0048] 161. Detection light source; 162. Analysis module;

[0049] 181, first temperature sensor; 182, second temperature sensor;

[0050] 200, fixed seat; 210, machine tool; 220, machine body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0052] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature identified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0053] For the convenience of describing the first, second, and third directions in the embodiments of this application, the first direction is the left-right direction in the drawings, the second direction is the front-back direction in the drawings, and the third direction is the up-down direction in the drawings. The x-axis arrow direction is referred to as the "right" direction, the y-axis arrow direction is referred to as the "up" direction, and the z-axis arrow direction is referred to as the "back" direction in the following text. However, in the actual application of this application, this is not limiting.

[0054] Example 1:

[0055] like Figure 1-3 As shown, this embodiment provides a machining device, which includes a main body 110, a spindle 120, a drill bit 160, an internal cooling assembly 130, an external cooling assembly 140, a trigger mechanism 150, and a temperature control mechanism. The spindle 120 is mounted on the main body 110 for outputting rotation; the drill bit 160 is mounted on the spindle 120 for drilling a workpiece; the internal cooling assembly 130 is used to cool the end and interior of the drill bit 160; the external cooling assembly 140 is used to cool the exterior of the drill bit 160 and the workpiece; the trigger mechanism 150 is used to activate the internal cooling assembly 130; when the spindle 120 drives the drill bit 160 to rotate, the trigger mechanism 150 activates the internal cooling assembly 130 and the external cooling assembly 140. The temperature control mechanism 180 is used to control the flow rate of the coolant in the internal cooling assembly 130 and to control the activation of the external cooling assembly 140. When the spindle 120 drives the drill bit toward the workpiece, the trigger mechanism 150 activates the internal cooling assembly 130. When the temperature exceeds a threshold, the temperature control mechanism 180 controls the coolant flow rate within the internal cooling assembly 130 and controls the activation of the external cooling assembly 140. When drilling stops, the internal and external cooling assemblies 130 and 140 are deactivated. In other words, when the drill bit 160 is drilling, if the temperature is within 28 degrees Celsius (a temperature that will not damage the drill bit or the workpiece), the drill bit is cooled primarily by the internal cooling assembly 130. If the temperature exceeds this threshold during drilling, the external cooling assembly 140 activates, and simultaneously accelerates the coolant flow rate within the internal cooling assembly 130. This dual action prevents damage to the workpiece and the drill bit, ensuring normal drilling.

[0056] In this embodiment, if Figure 5-6As shown, the inner cooling assembly 130 comprises a first liquid delivery pipe 131 and a rotary sealing ring 132. The rotary sealing ring 132 is an O-ring. The drill bit 160 is provided with a through hole 170 extending through both ends. The first pump body 133 and the first liquid delivery pipe 131 are installed on the main body 110 and located at the inner side of the main shaft 120, the first liquid delivery pipe 131 is sleeved on the clamping end 11b of the drill bit 160; the rotary sealing ring 132 is installed between the first liquid delivery pipe 131 and the drill bit 160, so that the liquid delivery pipe 131 and the drill bit 160 are rotationally sealed, and the cooling liquid flows to the end of the drill hole through the through hole 170 in the drill bit 160. The first pump body 133 is used to deliver the flowing cooling liquid into the through hole 170 in the drill bit 160 through the first liquid delivery pipe 131, and the cooling liquid flows to one end of the drill hole through the through hole 170 and finally flows out of the drilled hole, so that the temperature in the drill bit 160 and the drill hole cannot be raised, and the drill bit 160 can be guaranteed to drill the hole without being damaged due to the temperature rise. The rotary sealing method is used to cool the inside and the end of the drill bit 160, which can prevent the cooling liquid from seeping into the main shaft 120 while not affecting the rotation of the drill bit.

[0057] In the embodiment, the cooling liquid also contains lubricating oil. When the cooling liquid flows to one end of the drill hole through the through hole 170, the lubricant added in the cooling liquid can make the drill bit 160 drill the hole more smoothly, and prevent the drill bit 160 and the workpiece from being damaged due to the large resistance between them; and the cooling liquid flows out of the drill hole end 11a of the drill bit, which can timely carry out the drillings through the spiral groove on the drill bit, and prevent the drillings from being accumulated on the drill hole end 11a of the drill bit to affect the drilling.

[0058] In the embodiment, as shown in Figure 3-4 and Figure 7As shown, the outer cooling assembly 140 comprises a second pump body 141, an extension and retraction member 142, a swing assembly 143, a second liquid delivery pipe 144 and a liquid spraying assembly 145. The second pump body 141 and the extension and retraction member 142 are installed on the main body, the swing assembly 143 is installed on the extension and retraction member close to the workpiece, the liquid spraying assembly 145 is installed on the swing assembly away from the extension and retraction member, the extension and retraction member 142 makes the liquid spraying assembly 145 contact with the workpiece through the swing member; one end of the second liquid delivery pipe 144 communicates with the liquid spraying assembly 145, and the other end passes through the inside of the extension and retraction member 142 and is connected with the second pump body 141; when the outer cooling assembly 140 needs to cool, the second pump body 141 makes the cooling liquid spray out from the liquid spraying assembly 145 through the second liquid delivery pipe 144. That is, when the drill bit moves towards the workpiece, the extension and retraction member 142 first contacts with the workpiece, when the drill bit continues to move towards the workpiece, the extension and retraction member 142 retracts and always contacts with the workpiece; when the extension and retraction member 142 contacts with the workpiece, the swing assembly 143 swings downward, and the liquid spraying assembly 145 installed on the swing assembly 143 contacts with the workpiece; when the outer machining assembly needs to work, the second pump body 141 makes the cooling liquid spray out through the liquid spraying assembly 145 through the second liquid delivery pipe 144.

[0059] In the embodiment, the extension and retraction member 142 is an extension and retraction rod, both rods of the extension and retraction rod are hollow, the second liquid delivery pipe 144 is a hose, and the second liquid delivery pipe 144 passes through the hollow position inside the extension and retraction rod to the second pump body 141. The second liquid delivery pipe 144 is placed in the extension and retraction rod, so that the second liquid delivery pipe 144 does not swing back and forth, and the stability during liquid delivery is ensured.

[0060] In this embodiment, the swing assembly 143 includes a sleeve 14, a rotating wheel 14b, a rocker arm 14c, and a spring 14d sleeved on the telescopic member 142. The sleeve 14 is sleeved on the telescopic member 142 and can move along the telescopic member 142. The spring 14d gives the sleeve 14 a force to move toward the workpiece. The rotating wheel 14b is installed on the telescopic member 142 and contacts the outer side of the sleeve 14. When the sleeve 14 moves, it drives the rotating wheel 14b to rotate. The rocker arm 14c is fixedly installed on the rotating wheel 14b, and the spray assembly 145 is installed on the end of the rocker arm 14c away from the rotating wheel 14b. When the telescopic member 142 moves toward the workpiece along with the drill bit, the sleeve 14 first contacts the workpiece, and the workpiece The sleeve 14 overcomes the elastic force of the spring 14d and moves. When the sleeve 14 moves, the spray assembly 145 contacts the workpiece via the rotating wheel 14b and the rocker arm 14c. At this time, the telescopic member 142 contacts the workpiece and retracts. The sleeve 14 stops moving. The sleeve 14 keeps the spray assembly 145 in contact with the workpiece and does not separate. When the drill bit is separated from the workpiece, the telescopic member 142 is separated from the workpiece. The elastic force of the spring 14d resets the sleeve 14 and the telescopic member 142. The sleeve 14 moves the spray assembly 145 closer to the telescopic rod via the rotating wheel 14b. That is to say, when the sleeve 14 moves toward the workpiece with the telescopic part 142, the sleeve 14 first contacts the workpiece, and the workpiece stops the sleeve 14 from moving. The sleeve 14 compresses the compression spring. At this time, the sleeve 14 moves toward one side of the main body relative to the telescopic part 142, and the sleeve 14 pushes the rotary wheel 14b to rotate, causing the rocker arm 14c to swing downward until the telescopic part 142 contacts the workpiece, and the rocker arm 14c stops swinging downward. At this time, the spray assembly 145 installed on the rocker arm 14c contacts the workpiece; when the telescopic part 142 moves in the direction away from the workpiece, the spring 14d pushes the sleeve 14 toward the workpiece under the action of elastic force, and the sleeve 14 causes the rocker arm 14c to swing toward the telescopic part 142, so that the space it occupies becomes smaller, and the retraction of the rocker arm 14c can prevent the drill bit from colliding with the spray assembly 145 when the drill bit is replaced.

[0061] In this embodiment, a clearance slot is defined on one side of sleeve 14, extending through both ends. The friction between sleeve 14 and wheel 14b is less than the friction between the inner and outer rods of the telescopic rod. One end of spring 14d is fixed to the fixed end of telescopic member 142, while the other end of spring 14d is fixed to sleeve 14. When spring 14d propels sleeve 14, it drives the movable rod of telescopic member 142 toward the workpiece via the mounting location of wheel 14b. This ensures that when drilling again, external cooling assembly 140 returns to its pre-use state, ready for the next machining operation.

[0062] In this embodiment, the liquid spray assembly 145 includes an arcuate block 14f and multiple liquid spray ports 14e disposed on the arcuate block 14f. The interior of the arcuate block 14f is a hollow chamber. The outer side of the arcuate block 14f is fixedly mounted to the swing arm 14c. A second liquid delivery pipe 144 communicates with the interior of the arcuate block 14f, and multiple liquid spray ports 14e are disposed on the inner side of the arcuate block 14f. When the liquid spray assembly 145 contacts the workpiece, the arcuate block 14f is positioned over the outer side of the drill bit. The arcuate block 14f swings downward and then over the outer side of the drill bit, spraying liquid through the multiple liquid spray ports 14e. This spray process allows liquid to be sprayed all around the drill bit, ensuring rapid cooling of the outer side of the drill bit and the workpiece surrounding the machined hole, preventing the problem of liquid spraying on one side causing difficulty cooling on the other side. Furthermore, the arcuate block 14f prevents the drill bit from contacting the arcuate block 14f when the swing arm 14c swings.

[0063] In this embodiment, if Figure 11 As shown, the temperature control mechanism 180 includes a first temperature sensor 181 and a second temperature sensor 182. The first temperature sensor 181 is mounted on one end of the arc block 14f and is used to detect the temperature of the outflowing coolant. The second temperature sensor 182 is mounted on the side of the arc block 14f closer to the workpiece and is used to check the temperature of the workpiece. That is, when the coolant flows out after cooling the drill bit, due to the contact between the arc block 14f and the workpiece, the outflowing coolant will preferentially flow out between the two ends of the arc block 14f. The placement of the first temperature sensor 181 on one end of the arc block 14f allows for timely detection of the outflowing liquid temperature. Based on the detected temperature, a determination is then made as to whether it exceeds a threshold temperature. If so, the external cooling assembly 140 sprays liquid through the liquid spray port 14e to cool the outside of the drill bit and the workpiece around the machined hole. The coolant flow rate within the internal cooling assembly 130 is accelerated to ensure a rapid temperature drop within the drill bit and the machined hole. Similarly, the second temperature sensor 182 is used to check the temperature of the workpiece located around the processing hole. When the temperature of the workpiece rises, since the workpiece is made of metal and has a fast heat conductivity, the second temperature sensor 182 can also detect the temperature in time. When the temperature exceeds the threshold, the external cooling component 140 sprays liquid through the liquid spray port 14e to cool the outside of the drill bit and the workpiece located around the processing hole, and the coolant flow rate in the internal cooling component 130 is accelerated to ensure that the temperature inside the drill bit and the processing hole drops rapidly.

[0064] When drilling, if the temperature is higher than 28, it will easily cause damage to the drill bit and the workpiece. When the temperature is between 23-28 degrees, although it will not cause damage, it is in a transitional stage. If it is not controlled, it is easy to cause the temperature to rise rapidly, resulting in damage to the drill bit and workpiece;

[0065] Optionally, the first temperature sensor 181 corresponds to two temperature thresholds, namely a first temperature threshold and a second temperature threshold. The first temperature threshold is 20 degrees and the second temperature threshold is 25 degrees. Since the coolant temperature is lower than the actual drill bit temperature when the coolant flows out, the actual drill bit temperature is 2-3 degrees lower than the coolant temperature. The first temperature threshold detected by the first temperature sensor 181 is a reference value to ensure a safe drilling process. The second temperature threshold detected by the first sensor is a critical value for dangerous drilling.

[0066] Optionally, the second temperature sensor 182 corresponds to two temperature thresholds, namely a third temperature threshold and a fourth temperature threshold. The fourth temperature threshold is 23 degrees Celsius, and the fifth temperature threshold is 28 degrees Celsius. Since the temperature change of the drill bit is caused by friction with the workpiece, the temperature change of the drill bit will be synchronized with the temperature change of the workpiece. The third temperature threshold of the second temperature sensor 182 is a reference value to ensure the safety of the drill bit when drilling; the fourth temperature threshold detected by the second temperature sensor 182 is a critical value for dangerous drilling.

[0067] During the detection process of the first temperature sensor 181 and the second temperature sensor 182, when the temperatures detected by both are below the reference value, the internal cooling component 130 only needs to operate normally; when one of them is below the first reference value and the other is above the first reference value and below the critical value, the coolant flow rate in the internal cooling component 130 will be controlled to increase; when any one of the detected temperature thresholds is greater than the critical value, the external cooling component 140 will be triggered to work.

[0068] In this embodiment, the machining apparatus further includes a detection assembly 160. Mounted on the main body 110, detection assembly 160 is used to inspect the drilled holes in the workpiece. This inspection ensures that the hole accuracy is within the specified range after drilling. It also promptly alerts the machining personnel of any substandard products, and determines whether the defect is due to a problem with the drill bit 160 or a poorly clamped workpiece.

[0069] In this embodiment, if Figure 1-2As shown, the detection assembly 160 includes a detection light source 161 and an analysis module 162. Both the detection light source 161 and the analysis module 162 are mounted on the main body 110; the number of detection light sources 161 is greater than or equal to five. The detection light source can emit infrared light and white light. The infrared light from the detection light source 161 is used to illuminate the edge of the machined hole after the drill bit 160 is removed from the machined hole, while the white light is used to illuminate the interior of the machined hole. The analysis module 162 analyzes the reflected light from the machined hole to determine whether it is on the same circle and the surface finish of the machined hole. That is to say, after drilling, the infrared light from the detection light source 161 is irradiated on the edge of the processed hole respectively, and then reflected to the analysis module for analysis. The analysis method is that the infrared light irradiated on the edge of the processed hole is equivalent to the marking point. A circle is drawn based on any three marking points. First, it is determined whether the diameter of the circle is consistent with the diameter of the hole to be processed. If it is inconsistent, the processed hole is unqualified. If it is consistent, then observe whether the other marking points fall on this circle. If it falls on this circle, it means that the cross-section of the processed hole is circular and the processed hole is qualified. If the other marking points do not fall on this circle, it means that the processed hole is unqualified. Using more than or equal to five detection light sources 161 can prevent the situation where the final processed hole is an ellipse and the number of detection light sources X is four, and the processed hole is mistakenly judged as qualified. For details, please refer to Figure 13 .

[0070] like Figure 3 、 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a machine tool 210 comprising a machine body 220 and a processing device. The main body of the processing device is mounted on the machine body 220; a fixing base 200 is provided on the machine body 220 for securing the workpiece. The main body 110 and fixing base 200 are mounted on the machine body 220, facilitating rapid drilling.

[0071] Example 2:

[0072] like Figure 1-2 As shown, this embodiment provides a drilling method, which includes the following steps:

[0073] S1: The first drill bit 10a is mounted on the spindle 120. The first drill bit 10a performs an initial drilling operation on the workpiece. During the drilling operation, the inner cooling assembly 130 and the outer cooling assembly 140 cool the first drill bit 10a. After the drilling operation, the inspection assembly 160 performs a first inspection on the drilled hole.

[0074] S2: The first drill bit 10a on the spindle 120 is switched to the second drill bit 10b. The second drill bit 10b drills a second hole at the drilling position of the workpiece. During drilling, the internal cooling assembly 130 and the external cooling assembly 140 cool the second drill bit 10b. After drilling, the inspection assembly 160 inspects the hole for a second time.

[0075] S3: The second drill bit 10b on the spindle 120 is switched to the third drill bit 10c. The third drill bit 10c drills a third hole at the drilling position of the workpiece. During drilling, the inner cooling assembly 130 and the outer cooling assembly 140 cool the third drill bit 10c. After drilling, the inspection assembly 160 inspects the drilled hole for a third time.

[0076] S4: Analyze the results of the first, second, and third tests to determine the accuracy of the machined holes;

[0077] In S1 to S3, when the drill bit drills a hole in the workpiece, the external cooling component 140 first contacts the workpiece to start the internal cooling component 130. During the drilling process, the start-up of the external cooling component 140 and the flow rate of the coolant are controlled according to the temperature changes of the workpiece and the coolant.

[0078] The first drill bit 10a is used for initial drilling, and the hole drilled is a positioning hole, which can effectively observe the accuracy of the drilling. The second drill bit 10b is used for depth processing, which can effectively ensure the depth of processing. Finally, the third drill bit 10c is used for processing, which can effectively ensure the processing accuracy. The above three-step processing can effectively ensure long-term drilling operations.

[0079] When drilling with the first drill bit 10a, the second drill bit 10b, and the third drill bit 10c, the external cooling component 140 first contacts the workpiece, then the internal cooling component 130 is controlled to start, and then the drill bit is used to drill the hole, to prevent the drill bit from moving a long distance before drilling, causing a large amount of coolant to be sprayed out instead of being used for processing, resulting in a waste of resources.

[0080] When the temperature is within the threshold during the drilling process, only the internal cooling component 130 needs to be operated, which can effectively prevent the drill bit and the workpiece from being damaged, and there will be no excessive spraying of coolant; and when the temperature rises during the drilling process, that is, when the temperature of the coolant sprayed by the internal cooling component 130 flows to the external cooling component 140 and is high or the temperature of the workpiece is high, the external cooling component 140 is started and the speed of the internal cooling component 130 spraying coolant is accelerated; the activation of the external cooling component 140 can reduce the temperature outside the drill bit and near the drilling hole outside the workpiece, and the accelerated coolant flow rate in the internal cooling component 130 can timely bring out the heat inside the drill bit and the drill bit in the processing hole, so that the temperature of the drill bit and the workpiece drops rapidly under the dual effects of the activation of the external cooling component 140 and the accelerated coolant flow rate in the internal cooling component 130, ensuring that the drill bit and the workpiece will not be damaged.

[0081] The first detection and the second detection are mainly used to judge the diameter and the shape of the hole, and whether the data analyzed exceeds the predetermined size is determined, and the farthest distance of the hole diameter is analyzed according to the processing shape, and whether the farthest distance exceeds the preset diameter of the processed hole is determined by comparison; the third detection is also used to judge the diameter and the shape of the hole by using the first detection and the second detection, and the processing precision is ensured to be plus or minus 0.01 mm, and the smoothness of the processed hole is detected to ensure that the smoothness reaches Ra0.2. If the first detection, the second detection and the third detection exceed the preset size or the shape is not circular in the third detection, the processed part is a defective product, and the third detection with low smoothness also leads to the processed part being a defective product. When the defective product appears, the detection device will prompt once, and record the defective product appearing in the first detection, and when a plurality of defective products appear in succession, an alarm will be given. After the alarm is given, the operator stops processing in time, and according to the record, the drill causing the damage of the processed part is found out, and the drill is replaced in time and effectively. The problem that it is difficult for the naked eye to observe the damage or deformation of the drill after long-time use, resulting in a large number of defective parts in the later processing of the parts, can be effectively solved.

[0082] As shown in Figure 8 In the present embodiment, the first drill 10a has a diameter smaller than that of the processed hole, and the drilling end 11a of the first drill 10a is provided with a through hole 170 communicating with the clamping end 11b. The cooling liquid in the internal cooling assembly 130 flows to the drilling end 11a through the through hole 170. The diameter of the first drill 10a is smaller than that of the processed hole, which can prevent errors from occurring in the first step, and is difficult to correct in the later period, and can also prevent the problem that the accuracy of the initial drilling is low and cannot meet the processing accuracy. The drilling end 11a provided with the through hole 170 communicating with the clamping end 11b can facilitate the flow of the cooling liquid into the through hole 170, and cool the inside of the first drill 10a and the drilling end 11a.

[0083] As shown in Figure 9As shown, in this embodiment, the diameter of the second drill bit 10b is smaller than the diameter of the machined hole. The drilling end 11a of the second drill bit 10b is provided with a through-hole 170 that connects to the clamping end 11b. The width of the spiral groove of the second drill bit 10b near the drilling end 11a is greater than the width away from the drilling end 11a. Coolant within the internal cooling assembly 130 flows through the through-hole 170 to the drilling end 11a. Having the diameter of the second drill bit 10b smaller than the diameter of the machined hole prevents high drilling resistance during deep drilling, resulting in low machining accuracy and failure to meet required machining requirements. Having the spiral groove of the second drill bit 10b wider near the drilling end 11a than away from the drilling end 11a facilitates the timely removal of debris generated during drilling. Furthermore, having the through-hole 170 at the drilling end 11a connecting to the clamping end 11b facilitates the flow of coolant into the through-hole 170, cooling the interior of the second drill bit 10b and the drilling end 11a.

[0084] like Figure 10 As shown, in this embodiment, the diameter of the third drill bit 10c is equal to the diameter of the machined hole. The drilling end 11a of the third drill bit 10c is provided with a through-hole 170 that connects to the clamping end 11b. The third drill bit 10c is a twist drill. Coolant within the internal cooling assembly 130 flows through the through-hole 170 to the drilling end 11a. Using the third drill bit 10c for hole expansion effectively ensures drilling accuracy. Furthermore, the through-hole 170 provided at the drilling end 11a connects to the clamping end 11b, facilitating the flow of coolant into the through-hole 170. This cools the interior of the third drill bit 10c and the drilling end 11a, further ensuring machining accuracy.

[0085] like Figure 8-9 As shown, in this embodiment, the drilling ends 11a of the first drill bit 10a and the second drill bit 10b are conical, and the angle of the cone is 80-90 degrees. Using the 80-90 conical end for drilling can ensure the initial positioning and drilling processing speed, and improve processing efficiency and accuracy.

[0086] like Figure 8-10 As shown, in this embodiment, the through holes 170 of the first, second, and third drill bits 10a, 10b, and 10c are all spiral-shaped. This helical shape enhances contact between the coolant and the interior of the drill bits, improving the cooling effect. Furthermore, the helical shape of the through hole 170 of the third drill bit 10c allows the coolant, after exiting one end of the hole drilled by the third drill bit 10c, to flow toward the sidewalls of the processed hole under the action of the spiral, thereby cooling the sidewalls. This cooling of the sidewalls further reduces the temperature generated by friction between the drill bit and the workpiece, indirectly cooling the drill bit itself. This cooling of the workpiece further protects the drill bit from heat damage.

[0087] In this embodiment, the first drill bit 10a and the second drill bit 10b have a drilling speed of 2000-2500 rpm; the third drill bit 10c has a drilling speed of 3000-4000 rpm. Due to the combination of internal cooling, cooling of the processing end, and external cooling, it is ensured that the temperature during processing will not be too high, and the use of 2000-2500 rpm for the first drill bit 10a and the second drill bit 10b can make the drilling speed faster; the use of the third drill bit 10c with a speed of 3000-4000 rpm improves the drilling speed in the prior art, which can better ensure the processing accuracy and surface finish.

[0088] In this embodiment, the inner cooling assembly 130 delivers coolant to the through hole via the first pump body 133, and the coolant flows through the through hole to one end of the drill hole. Using the first pump body 133 to deliver coolant to the inner cooling assembly 130 can ensure effective liquid delivery pressure.

[0089] In this embodiment, the external cooling assembly 140 is equipped with a temperature sensor and a trigger mechanism 150. When the external cooling assembly 140 contacts the workpiece, the trigger mechanism 150 activates the first pump 133. When the temperature sensor sends a signal, the external cooling assembly 140 activates and controls the first pump 133 to pump liquid at an increased speed. When the drill bit is drilling, the external cooling assembly 140 is positioned outside the drill bit and spaced apart from the drill bit. That is, when the drill bit is moving toward the workpiece but not in contact with it, the external cooling assembly 140 first contacts the workpiece and remains in contact with it. After the external cooling assembly 140 contacts the workpiece, the first pump 133 is activated by the trigger mechanism 150, and the internal cooling assembly 130 causes the drill bit to begin discharging liquid through the drilling end. This ensures timely cooling while preventing waste of resources caused by discharging liquid when the drill bit moves a long distance. After the outer cooling component 140 contacts the workpiece, when the drill bit is drilling, since the outer cooling component 140 is sleeved on the outside of the drill bit and is spaced from the drill bit, the coolant flowing out of the inner cooling component 130 can pass through the outer cooling component 140. The temperature sensor on the outer cooling component 140 will detect the temperature of the coolant and judge whether it exceeds the optimal drilling temperature of the hole based on the temperature of the coolant. When it exceeds, the temperature sensor will control the outer cooling component 140 to start, and the outer cooling component 140 will spray coolant to the drill bit. At the same time, the temperature sensor will also control the first pump body 133 to increase the pumping speed, thereby quickly achieving a cooling effect. Similarly, the temperature sensor of the outer cooling component 140 can also detect the temperature of the workpiece, and can control the outer cooling component 140 and the first pump body 133 according to the temperature of the workpiece. At the same time, detecting the temperature of the outflowing coolant and the temperature of the workpiece can effectively avoid the problem of inaccurate measurement of one of the temperatures, thereby further ensuring the cooling effect.

[0090] The temperature sensor includes a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor. The first temperature sensor 181 detects the temperature of the outflowing liquid and then determines whether it exceeds a threshold temperature based on the detected temperature. If it does, the external cooling assembly 140 sprays liquid to cool the outside of the drill bit and the workpiece around the processing hole. The flow rate of the coolant in the internal cooling assembly 130 is accelerated to ensure that the temperature inside the drill bit and the processing hole drops rapidly. Similarly, the second temperature sensor 182 checks the temperature of the workpiece around the processing hole. When the temperature of the workpiece rises, the second temperature sensor 182 can also detect the temperature in a timely manner because the workpiece is made of metal and has a fast heat conductivity. If the temperature exceeds the threshold temperature, the external cooling assembly 140 sprays liquid to cool the outside of the drill bit and the workpiece around the processing hole. The flow rate of the coolant in the internal cooling assembly 130 is accelerated to ensure that the temperature inside the drill bit and the processing hole drops rapidly.

[0091] When drilling, if the temperature is higher than 28, it will easily cause damage to the drill bit and the workpiece. When the temperature is between 23-28 degrees, although it will not cause damage, it is in a transitional stage. If it is not controlled, it is easy to cause the temperature to rise rapidly, resulting in damage to the drill bit and workpiece;

[0092] Optionally, the first temperature sensor 181 corresponds to two temperature thresholds, namely a first temperature threshold and a second temperature threshold. The first temperature threshold is 20 degrees and the second temperature threshold is 25 degrees. Since the coolant temperature is lower than the actual drill bit temperature when the coolant flows out, the actual drill bit temperature is 2-3 degrees higher than the coolant temperature. The first temperature threshold detected by the first temperature sensor 181 is a reference value to ensure a safe drilling process. The second temperature threshold detected by the first sensor is a critical value for dangerous drilling.

[0093] Optionally, the second temperature sensor 182 corresponds to two temperature thresholds, namely a third temperature threshold and a fourth temperature threshold. The fourth temperature threshold is 23 degrees Celsius, and the fifth temperature threshold is 28 degrees Celsius. Since the temperature change of the drill bit is caused by friction with the workpiece, the temperature change of the drill bit will be synchronized with the temperature change of the workpiece. The third temperature threshold of the second temperature sensor 182 is a reference value to ensure the safety of the drill bit when drilling; the fourth temperature threshold detected by the second temperature sensor 182 is a critical value for dangerous drilling.

[0094] During the detection process of the first temperature sensor 181 and the second temperature sensor 182, when the temperatures detected by both are below the reference value, the internal cooling component 130 only needs to operate normally; when one of them is below the first reference value and the other is above the first reference value and below the critical value, the coolant flow rate in the internal cooling component 130 will be controlled to increase; when any one of the detected temperature thresholds is greater than the critical value, the external cooling component 140 will be triggered to work.

[0095] In this embodiment, if Figure 1-2 As shown, the detection assembly 160 includes an analysis module 162 and multiple detection light sources 161. The detection light sources 161 emit infrared light and white light. The infrared light illuminates a line directed toward the edge of the processed hole, which is used to analyze the diameter and shape of the circular hole. The white light illuminates the processed hole to analyze the surface finish of the hole. The infrared light or white light irradiated on the workpiece is reflected to the analysis module. The analysis method is as follows: the infrared light spot irradiated on the edge of the processing hole is equivalent to the marking point. When drilling for the first drill bit 10a and the second drill bit 10b, a circle is drawn based on any three marking points. First, it is determined whether the diameter of the circle is consistent with the diameter of the corresponding drill bit. If not, its diameter is compared with the preset processing hole diameter. If it is larger than the preset processing hole diameter, it means that it has exceeded the actual diameter of the processing hole and is a defective product. Only the next processing part needs to be replaced without continuing subsequent processing. If the diameter of the circle is consistent with the diameter of the drill bit, it is then determined whether other marking points fall on this circle. If they do, it means that the actual diameter of the processing hole has not been exceeded and step S3 can still be performed. If they do not fall on this circle, it is then determined whether the distance from the other marking points to the center of the circle is greater than the preset processing hole radius. If it is greater than the preset processing hole radius, it means that the actual diameter of the processing hole has been exceeded and is a defective product. The next processing part needs to be replaced and no subsequent processing is required. If it is smaller than the processing hole radius, it means that the actual diameter of the processing hole has not been exceeded and step S3 can still be performed.

[0096] When drilling a hole with the third drill bit 10c, first determine whether the diameter of the circle is consistent with the preset diameter of the processing hole, which means that it has exceeded the actual diameter of the hole to be processed and is a defective product; if it is consistent, then determine whether other marking points fall on this circle; if they fall on this circle, it means that the cross-section of the processing hole is circular and the processing hole is qualified; if other marking points do not fall on this circle, it means that it has exceeded the actual diameter of the hole to be processed and is a defective product.

[0097] After the white light is irradiated into the processed hole, the processed hole is illuminated. The brightness of the processed hole and then the smoothness of the processed hole are judged based on the brightness reflected to the analysis module.

[0098] By irradiating infrared light and white light and analyzing the reflected information, we can effectively understand the processing accuracy and smoothness of each product. When defective products appear due to insufficient processing accuracy and smoothness, the staff can quickly find the cause of the defective products based on the analysis results and replace the workpieces and damaged drill bits in time, which can effectively improve processing efficiency and reduce the formation of defective products.

[0099] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a machining center, comprising a machine body 110 and a processor. The machine body 110 is provided with a fixing base 200 for fixing a workpiece. The fixing base 200 is used to fix the workpiece. The processor is used to perform drilling operations. Specifically, during drilling, the processor activates and deactivates the spindle, the internal cooling assembly 130 and the external cooling assembly 140, and the detection assembly.

[0100] In summary, the present invention provides a processing machine tool and a drilling processing method, which first cools down the machine tool through the operation of an internal cooling component, and then controls the coolant flow rate in the internal cooling component and the start-up of the external cooling component through temperature changes, thereby realizing dual operation, reducing the waste of coolant resources when the drilling temperature is low, and quickly cooling down when the temperature rises.

[0101] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A machine tool comprising a machine body and a processing device; characterized in that: The main body of the processing device is installed on the machine body; a fixing seat is provided on the machine body, and the fixing seat is used to fix the processing workpiece; The processing device includes a main body, a spindle, a drill bit, an internal cooling assembly, an external cooling assembly, a trigger mechanism, and a temperature control mechanism; the spindle is mounted on the main body for outputting rotation; the drill bit is mounted on the spindle for drilling a workpiece; the internal cooling assembly is used to cool the end and interior of the drill bit; the external cooling assembly is used to cool the exterior of the drill bit and the workpiece; the trigger mechanism is used to activate the internal cooling assembly; when the spindle drives the drill bit to rotate, the trigger mechanism activates the internal and external cooling assemblies, and the temperature control mechanism is used to control the flow rate of the coolant in the internal cooling assembly and control the activation of the external cooling assembly; The external cooling assembly includes a second pump body, a telescopic member, a swinging assembly, a second liquid delivery pipe, and a liquid spraying assembly; the second pump body and the telescopic member are mounted on the main body, the swinging assembly is mounted on an end of the telescopic member closer to the workpiece, and the liquid spraying assembly is mounted on an end of the swinging assembly farther from the telescopic member, with the telescopic member bringing the liquid spraying assembly into contact with the workpiece via the swinging member; one end of the second liquid delivery pipe is connected to the liquid spraying assembly, and the other end passes through the interior of the telescopic member and is connected to the second pump body; when the external cooling assembly needs to be cooled, the second pump body sprays coolant from the liquid spraying assembly via the second liquid delivery pipe; The swing assembly includes a sleeve, a rotating wheel, a rocker arm, and a spring sleeved on the telescopic part; the sleeve is sleeved on the telescopic part and can move along the telescopic part, and the spring gives the sleeve a force to move toward the workpiece; the rotating wheel is installed on the telescopic part and contacts the outer side of the sleeve, and the sleeve drives the rotating wheel to rotate when it moves along the telescopic part; the rocker arm is fixedly installed on the rotating wheel, and the spray assembly is installed on the end of the rocker arm away from the rotating wheel; when the telescopic part moves toward the workpiece with the drill bit, the sleeve first contacts the workpiece, and the workpiece causes the sleeve to overcome the elastic force of the spring and move When the sleeve moves, the liquid spraying assembly contacts the workpiece through the rotating wheel and the rocker arm. At this time, the telescopic part contacts the workpiece and expands and contracts, and the sleeve stops moving. The sleeve keeps the liquid spraying assembly in contact with the workpiece and does not separate. When the drill bit is separated from the workpiece, the telescopic part is separated from the workpiece, and the elastic force of the spring resets the sleeve and the telescopic part, and the sleeve moves the liquid spraying assembly closer to the telescopic part through the rotating wheel. A clearance groove is provided on one side of the sleeve, and the clearance groove runs through the upper and lower ends. The upper end of the spring is fixed on the telescopic part, and the lower end of the spring is fixed on the sleeve.

2. A drilling method, using the machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing method comprises the following steps: S1: The first drill bit is mounted on the spindle, and the first drill bit performs an initial drilling at the drilling position of the workpiece. During drilling, the internal cooling assembly and the external cooling assembly cool the first drill bit; after drilling, the inspection assembly performs a first inspection on the drilled hole; S2: The first drill bit on the spindle is switched to the second drill bit, and the second drill bit drills a second hole at the drilling position of the workpiece. During drilling, the internal cooling component and the external cooling component cool the second drill bit; after drilling, the detection component performs a second detection on the drilled hole; S3: The second drill bit on the spindle is switched to the third drill bit, and the third drill bit drills a hole at the drilling position of the workpiece for the third time. During drilling, the internal cooling component and the external cooling component cool the third drill bit; after drilling, the inspection component inspects the hole for the third time; S4: Analyze the results of the first, second, and third tests to determine the accuracy of the machined hole and the damage of the drill bit; In S1 to S3, when the drill bit drills a hole in the workpiece, the external cooling assembly first contacts the workpiece to activate the internal cooling assembly. During the drilling process, the activation of the external cooling assembly and the flow rate of the coolant are controlled according to the temperature changes of the workpiece and the coolant.

3. The drilling method according to claim 2, wherein: The diameter of the first drill bit is smaller than the diameter of the processed hole, and a through hole communicating with the clamping end is provided at the drilling end of the first drill bit.

4. The drilling method according to claim 2, wherein: The diameter of the second drill bit is smaller than the diameter of the processed hole, and the drilling end of the second drill bit is provided with a through hole connected to the clamping end; the width of the second drill bit spiral groove close to the drilling end is greater than the width away from the drilling end.

5. The drilling method according to claim 2, wherein: The diameter of the third drill bit is equal to the diameter of the processed hole, and the drilling end of the third drill bit is provided with a through hole connected to the clamping end.

6. The drilling method according to claim 2, wherein: The drilling ends of the first drill bit and the second drill bit are tapered, and the angle of the tapered end is 80-90 degrees.

7. The drilling method according to claim 2, wherein: The rotational speed of the first drill bit and the second drill bit during drilling is 2000-2500 rpm; the rotational speed of the third drill bit during drilling is 3000-4000 rpm.

8. The drilling method according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: The inner cooling component delivers cooling liquid to the through hole through the first pump body, and the cooling liquid flows to one end of the drill hole through the through hole.

9. The drilling method according to claim 8, wherein: The external cooling assembly is provided with a temperature sensor and a trigger mechanism; when the external cooling assembly comes into contact with the workpiece, the trigger mechanism controls the internal cooling assembly to start; When the temperature sensor sends a signal, the external cooling component is started and the pumping speed of the first pump body is controlled to increase; When the drill bit is drilling, the external cooling assembly is sleeved on the outside of the drill bit and is spaced apart from the drill bit.

10. The drilling method according to claim 2, wherein: The detection component includes an analysis module and a plurality of detection light sources; The detection light source can emit infrared light and white light. The infrared light illuminates a line and points to the edge of the processed hole. The infrared light is used to analyze the diameter and shape of the circular hole. The white light illuminates the processed hole for analyzing the smoothness inside the hole. The analysis module is used to analyze the infrared light and white light irradiated by the detection light source.

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