Method for extracting valuable metal from waste lithium ion battery black powder

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for extracting valuable metals from black powder of waste lithium ion batteries, and belongs to the technical field of recycling of waste lithium ion batteries. According to the method, valuable metals are extracted from the waste lithium ion battery black powder by adopting low-temperature roasting and water leaching, the waste lithium ion battery black powder is taken as a raw material, sulfamic acid is taken as a roasting agent, the waste lithium ion battery is pretreated, and roasting for carbon removal, metal extraction and water leaching are performed in sequence, so that the valuable metals are obtained. And leaching liquid and leaching residues containing two or more elements of lithium, nickel, cobalt, manganese, iron and aluminum are obtained and are used for further purification and recovery of valuable metals. According to the method provided by the invention, the influence of aluminum dissolution on recovery of other metals is reduced, the use of hydrogen peroxide is avoided, the process flow is shortened, the process cost is greatly reduced, the roasting and water leaching processes cannot corrode equipment, and the whole process cannot generate waste acid to cause secondary pollution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of recycling waste lithium-ion batteries and relates to a method for extracting valuable metals from black powder of waste lithium-ion batteries. Background Art

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries have occupied a large share in portable electronic products, electric vehicles, and energy storage in recent years due to their unique advantages such as high energy density and low discharge rate. However, considering that their service life is mostly 5-8 years, with the surge in the lithium-ion battery market share, it is estimated that the number of waste lithium-ion batteries in the world will reach 11 million tons by 2030, and the production of electric vehicles will reach 1 million. Since waste lithium-ion batteries contain heavy metals, organic matter and other components, these substances will harm the environment and threaten human health if they are directly discarded without treatment. Waste lithium-ion batteries are also regarded as urban mines. Therefore, the treatment of waste lithium-ion batteries has received widespread attention. This not only protects the environment, but the recovered valuable metals can also be reused. Therefore, from the perspective of environmental protection and sustainable resource utilization, it is imperative to recycle waste lithium-ion batteries.

[0003] Lithium-ion batteries are mainly composed of metal shell, positive electrode, negative electrode, electrolyte, separator, etc. The positive electrode materials include aluminum foil, organic binder and positive electrode materials, while the negative electrode retired materials are mainly composed of copper foil, organic binder and graphite materials. Among them, the common positive electrode materials of lithium-ion batteries on the market are representatively LiFePO4, LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O2、LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O2、LiNi 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 O2、LiNi 1 / 3 Co 1 / 3 Mn 1 / 3 O2, etc. Due to its excellent properties, it is applied to automotive power batteries.

[0004] At present, the method of recovering metals from waste ternary lithium-ion batteries has been widely studied. Patent CN114231744B discloses a method for recovering lithium, nickel, cobalt and manganese from waste lithium-ion batteries, which adopts mixed roasting of ferric sulfate salts to achieve a lithium recovery rate of up to 97%, and a nickel, cobalt and manganese recovery rate of more than 90%. The roasting temperature of this method is high and the energy consumption is high. Patent CN115141933B discloses a method for purifying ternary lithium-ion battery leachate, which adopts different reagents to achieve the purification of valuable metals. This method has a high copper removal rate and effectively removes calcium and magnesium impurities, thereby achieving a high recovery rate of valuable metal lithium. This method can achieve the recovery of valuable metals, but the use of sulfuric acid and other reinforcements in the recovery process cannot avoid problems such as equipment corrosion, and the process flow is long and the operation is complicated. Patent CN115141933B discloses a method for recovering lithium and cobalt from waste battery positive plates. The process is to mix and roast the waste lithium-ion battery positive plates and ammonium sulfate, and use screening to remove aluminum and acid leaching to recover lithium and cobalt. Although the process is simple to operate, it is inevitable to use strong acid, which will have high requirements for equipment anti-corrosion and increase costs. Patent CN115369249B proposes a method for vacuum roasting the black powder of retired old lithium iron phosphate battery to obtain roasting slag and phosphorus-containing gas, and condensing and recovering the phosphorus-containing gas; the roasting slag is water-soluble and lithium-leached to obtain lithium hydroxide leaching solution and leaching slag; the leaching slag is physically sorted to separate and obtain iron element. Patent CN117776133A discloses a method for recovering battery-grade iron phosphate and lithium carbonate using retired old lithium iron phosphate battery materials. After leaching with sulfuric acid, copper, aluminum, and fluorine impurities are removed from the acid leaching solution, and finally lithium carbonate and battery-grade iron phosphate are obtained. Patent CN116315227A discloses a method for recycling retired lithium iron phosphate positive electrode sheets, wherein the positive electrode sheets of retired lithium iron phosphate batteries are crushed and screened to obtain lithium iron phosphate positive electrode powder, and the prepared low eutectic solvent is used to selectively dissolve aluminum, and the obtained solid phase is washed to obtain the lithium iron phosphate positive electrode powder required for repair and regeneration, and the leaching solution is electrolytically deposited to obtain metallic aluminum and electrolyte. Patent CN117175049A provides a method for recycling positive electrode sheets in retired old lithium iron phosphate batteries, wherein the positive electrode sheets are pretreated to obtain positive electrode powder, which is placed in a vacuum furnace for vacuum distillation, and the binder is extracted from the system in the form of gas, and the metallic aluminum is volatilized in the form of steam and enriched and recovered in the condensation zone, and the lithium iron phosphate remains at the bottom of the furnace for recovery.

[0005] In summary, the existing technology for recovering valuable metals from waste lithium-ion batteries has problems such as complex operation, high equipment requirements, and high energy consumption. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a process that is simple to operate, has a short process, low energy consumption, and can efficiently extract valuable metals from waste lithium-ion batteries. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for extracting valuable metals from waste lithium ion battery black powder by low-temperature roasting and water leaching, so as to solve the problems of high cost, equipment corrosion and large amount of aluminum leaching caused by high-temperature roasting of waste lithium ion batteries in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for extracting valuable metals from waste lithium-ion battery black powder, using waste lithium-ion battery black powder as raw material and aminosulfonic acid as a roasting agent, and the process steps are as follows:

[0009] Step 1. Pretreatment: The waste lithium-ion batteries are placed in a NaCl solution at room temperature for 24 hours for discharge treatment, and then disassembled, crushed, and physically screened to obtain battery black powder, copper foil, and steel shell;

[0010] Step 2. Calcination and carbon removal: Calcinate the battery black powder and collect the calcined product to obtain decarbonized battery powder;

[0011] Step 3. Metal extraction: Mix the decarbonized battery powder with the roasting agent and grind them, put the ground and evenly mixed mixture into a crucible, cover the crucible and further roast it;

[0012] Step 4. Water leaching: The product obtained by further roasting is immersed in water under stirring conditions, and then filtered and washed to obtain a leachate and a leach residue, which are used for further purification and recovery of valuable metals.

[0013] The calcining agent is aminosulfonic acid;

[0014] The waste lithium-ion battery is one of a waste lithium iron phosphate battery and a waste ternary lithium battery.

[0015] In step 2, during the calcination process, the calcination temperature is 600° C.-800° C., and the calcination time is 1 h-3 h; the calcination temperature is preferably 700° C., and the calcination time is preferably 3 h.

[0016] In step 3, the decarbonized battery powder and the calcining agent are mixed in a mass ratio of 1: (0.4-2.4) g / g;

[0017] In step 3, the further calcination process is: heating to 210°C-500°C at a rate of 3°C / min-10°C / min, and calcining for 20min-60min.

[0018] In step 4, during the water immersion process, the stirring speed is 200r / min-300r / min, the liquid-solid ratio is 20mL / g-50mL / g, the water immersion temperature is 20°C-80°C, and the leaching time is 5min-60min.

[0019] The leaching solution contains two or more elements of lithium, nickel, cobalt, manganese, iron and aluminum; when the waste lithium ion battery is a waste lithium iron phosphate battery, the leaching solution does not contain aluminum; when the waste lithium ion battery is a ternary lithium battery, the leaching rate of aluminum is lower than 41%.

[0020] In the method provided by the present invention, waste lithium-ion batteries are first pretreated and roasted for decarbonization, and the obtained decarbonized battery powder is mixed with aminobenzenesulfonic acid and roasted before water leaching to obtain a metal ion leachate with a high leaching rate. The present invention mixes the decarbonized battery powder with aminosulfonic acid and roasts it before leaching, which will store all the aluminum in the waste LiFePO4 battery and most of the aluminum in the ternary lithium battery in the leaching residue, reduce the impact of aluminum dissolution on the recovery of other metals, avoid the use of hydrogen peroxide, shorten the process flow, greatly reduce the process cost, and the roasting and water leaching process will not cause corrosion to the equipment, and the whole process will not generate waste acid to cause secondary pollution.

[0021] The main purpose of using aminosulfonic acid to roast decarbonized battery powder is to use the fact that aminosulfonic acid will decompose at low temperature to produce gases such as SO3(g), SO2(g), N2(g), and H2O(g). These gases will destroy the structure of the decarbonized battery powder and convert its valuable metals into corresponding soluble sulfates. Therefore, as the amount of aminosulfonic acid added increases, the metal leaching rate increases until the required high leaching rate is reached.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of low roasting temperature, low energy consumption, low recovery cost, short process, simple process operation, avoidance of large-scale dissolution of aluminum, high extraction rates of lithium, nickel, cobalt, manganese and iron, low requirements for equipment corrosion protection, safety and stability, high metal extraction rate, and no secondary pollution during the treatment process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a process flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In Examples 1 to 6 of the present invention, waste ternary lithium batteries are used as raw materials, and in Examples 7 to 10, waste lithium iron phosphate batteries are used as raw materials.

[0025] The process of the present invention is as follows Figure 1 As shown, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] The purchased waste ternary lithium battery was placed in a sodium chloride solution at room temperature for 24 hours for discharge treatment, and then disassembled and crushed. After physical screening, the waste ternary lithium-ion battery black powder, copper foil and steel shell were obtained. The pretreated battery black powder was placed in a crucible for decarbonization treatment, and the battery was placed in a roasting furnace and heated to 700°C at a rate of 3°C / min for 3 hours. After that, the roasting product was collected to obtain the battery powder after decarbonization; the decarbonized waste ternary lithium-ion battery powder and aminosulfonic acid were placed in a mortar and ground at a mass ratio of 1:2.4 (g / g). The mixture was ground and mixed, and then the ground and mixed materials were put into a crucible (with a crucible cover) and placed in a roasting furnace. The heating rate was set to 3°C / min, and the temperature was raised to 500°C for roasting for 60min. After the roasting, the roasted product was leached with 60°C water for 30min under a stirring speed of 300r / min, and the liquid-solid ratio during the water leaching process was 50mL / g. The mixture was then filtered and washed to obtain a leachate and a leach residue. Analysis showed that the leaching rates of lithium, nickel, cobalt, manganese and aluminum were 100%, 100%, 100%, 100% and 40.91%, respectively.

[0028] Example 2

[0029] The purchased waste ternary lithium battery was placed in a sodium chloride solution at room temperature for 24 hours for discharge treatment, and then disassembled and crushed. After physical screening, the waste ternary lithium-ion battery black powder, copper foil and steel shell were obtained. The pre-treated battery black powder was placed in a crucible for decarbonization treatment, and the battery was placed in a roasting furnace and heated to 700°C at a rate of 10°C / min for 3 hours. After that, the roasting product was collected to obtain a decarbonized battery powder; the decarbonized waste ternary lithium-ion battery powder and aminosulfonic acid were placed in a mortar at a mass ratio of 1:1.6 (g / g) and ground and mixed. The mixture was mixed and ground into a crucible (with a crucible cover) and placed in a calcining furnace. The temperature was raised to 400°C at a rate of 10°C / min and calcined for 40 minutes at a rate of 10°C / min. After the calcination, the calcined product was leached in 60°C water for 30 minutes at a stirring rate of 200 r / min. The liquid-to-solid ratio during the leaching process was 30 mL / g. The mixture was then filtered and washed to obtain a leachate and a leached residue. The leaching rates of lithium, nickel, cobalt, manganese and aluminum were found to be 100%, 78.04%, 82.38%, 74.14% and 10.11%, respectively.

[0030] Example 3

[0031] The purchased waste ternary lithium battery was placed in a sodium chloride solution at room temperature for 24 hours for discharge treatment, and then disassembled and crushed. After physical screening, the waste ternary lithium-ion battery black powder, copper foil and steel shell were obtained. The pre-treated battery black powder was placed in a crucible for decarbonization treatment, and it was placed in a roasting furnace and heated to 700°C at a rate of 3°C / min for 3 hours. After that, the roasting product was collected to obtain the battery powder after decarbonization; the decarbonized waste ternary lithium-ion battery powder and aminosulfonic acid were placed in a mortar and ground at a mass ratio of 1:0.4 (g / g) The mixture was mixed, and then the ground and mixed materials were put into a crucible (with a crucible cover) and placed in a roasting furnace. The heating rate was set to 5°C / min, and the temperature was raised to 400°C for roasting for 40min. After the roasting, the roasted product was leached with 20°C water for 30min at a stirring rate of 300r / min, and the liquid-solid ratio during the water leaching process was 40mL / g. The mixture was then filtered and washed to obtain a leachate and a leach residue. The leaching rates of lithium, nickel, cobalt, manganese and aluminum were analyzed to be 80.3%, 11.7%, 15.2%, 12.8% and 1.06%, respectively.

[0032] Example 4

[0033] The purchased waste ternary lithium battery was placed in a sodium chloride solution at room temperature for 24 hours for discharge treatment, and then disassembled and crushed. After physical screening, the waste ternary lithium-ion battery black powder, copper foil and steel shell were obtained. The pre-treated battery black powder was placed in a crucible for decarbonization treatment, and it was placed in a roasting furnace and heated to 700°C at a rate of 3°C / min for 3 hours. After that, the roasting product was collected to obtain the battery powder after decarbonization; the decarbonized waste ternary lithium-ion battery powder and aminosulfonic acid were placed in a mortar and ground at a mass ratio of 1:0.4 (g / g) The mixture was mixed, and then the ground and mixed materials were put into a crucible (with a crucible cover) and placed in a roasting furnace. The heating rate was set to 5°C / min, and the temperature was raised to 400°C and roasted for 40min. After the roasting, the roasted product was leached with 60°C water for 30min at a stirring rate of 300r / min, and the liquid-solid ratio during the water leaching process was 40mL / g. The mixture was then filtered and washed to obtain a leachate and a leach residue. The leaching rates of lithium, nickel, cobalt, manganese and aluminum were analyzed to be 86.7%, 17.2%, 20.5%, 19.3% and 1.22%, respectively.

[0034] Example 5

[0035] The purchased waste ternary lithium battery was placed in a sodium chloride solution at room temperature for 24 hours for discharge treatment, and then disassembled and crushed. After physical screening, the waste ternary lithium-ion battery black powder, copper foil and steel shell were obtained. The pre-treated battery black powder was placed in a crucible for decarbonization treatment, and the battery was placed in a roasting furnace and heated to 700°C at a rate of 10°C / min for 3 hours. After that, the roasting product was collected to obtain a decarbonized battery powder; the decarbonized waste ternary lithium-ion battery powder and aminosulfonic acid were placed in a mortar at a mass ratio of 1:2.4 (g / g) and ground and mixed. The mixture was mixed and ground into a crucible (with a crucible cover) and placed in a calcining furnace. The temperature was raised to 400°C at a rate of 10°C / min and calcined for 20 min at a rate of 10°C / min. After the calcination, the calcined product was leached in 60°C water for 30 min at a stirring rate of 300 r / min. The liquid-to-solid ratio during the leaching process was 40 mL / g. The mixture was then filtered and washed to obtain a leachate and a leached residue. The leaching rates of lithium, nickel, cobalt, manganese and aluminum were analyzed to be 100%, 94.94%, 92.38%, 98.61% and 36.69%, respectively.

[0036] Example 6

[0037] The purchased waste ternary lithium battery was placed in a sodium chloride solution at room temperature for 24 hours for discharge treatment, and then disassembled and crushed. After physical screening, the waste ternary lithium-ion battery black powder, copper foil and steel shell were obtained. The pre-treated battery black powder was placed in a crucible for decarbonization treatment, and it was placed in a roasting furnace and heated to 700°C at a rate of 5°C / min for 3 hours. After that, the roasting product was collected to obtain the battery powder after decarbonization; the decarbonized waste ternary lithium-ion battery powder and aminosulfonic acid were placed in a mortar at a mass ratio of 1:2.4 (g / g). The method comprises the following steps of grinding and mixing, and then putting the ground and mixed materials into a crucible (with a crucible cover) and putting the crucible into a roasting furnace. The heating rate is set to 5° C. / min, and the temperature is raised to 400° C. and roasted for 40 min. After the roasting, the roasted product is leached with 60° C. water for 30 min at a stirring rate of 300 r / min, and the liquid-solid ratio during the water leaching process is 40 mL / g. The product is then filtered and washed to obtain a leachate and a leach residue. Analysis shows that the leaching rates of lithium, nickel, cobalt, manganese and aluminum are 100%, 100%, 100%, 100% and 38.83%, respectively.

[0038] Example 7

[0039] The purchased waste lithium iron phosphate batteries were placed in a sodium chloride solution at room temperature for 24 hours for discharge treatment, and then disassembled and crushed. After physical screening, the waste lithium iron phosphate battery black powder, copper foil and steel shell were obtained. The pretreated battery black powder was placed in a crucible for decarbonization treatment, and the battery was placed in a roasting furnace and heated to 700°C at a rate of 5°C / min for 3 hours. The roasting product was then collected to obtain a decarbonized battery powder; the decarbonized waste ternary lithium ion battery powder was mixed with aminosulfonic acid at a mass ratio of 1:0.47 (g / g). The mixture was ground and mixed in a mortar, and then the ground and mixed materials were put into a crucible (with a crucible cover) and placed in a roasting furnace. The heating rate was set to 5°C / min, and the temperature was raised to 400°C and roasted for 60min. After the roasting, the roasted product was leached with 60°C water for 30min at a stirring rate of 300r / min. The liquid-to-solid ratio during the leaching process was 40mL / g. The mixture was then filtered and washed to obtain a leachate and a leach residue. The leaching rates of lithium, iron, aluminum, and copper were analyzed to be 85.39%, 56.74%, 0, and 0, respectively.

[0040] Example 8

[0041] The purchased waste lithium iron phosphate batteries were placed in a sodium chloride solution at room temperature for 24 hours for discharge treatment, and then disassembled and crushed. After physical screening, the waste lithium iron phosphate battery black powder, copper foil and steel shell were obtained. The pretreated battery black powder was placed in a crucible for decarbonization treatment, and the battery was placed in a roasting furnace and heated to 700°C at a rate of 5°C / min for 3 hours. The roasting product was then collected to obtain a decarbonized battery powder; the decarbonized waste ternary lithium ion battery powder was mixed with aminosulfonic acid at a mass ratio of 1:1.07 (g / g) The mixed materials were ground in a mortar in a certain proportion, and then the ground and mixed materials were put into a crucible (with a crucible cover) and placed in a roasting furnace. The heating rate was set to 5°C / min, and the temperature was raised to 210°C and roasted for 60min. After the roasting, the roasted product was leached with 60°C water for 30min at a stirring speed of 300r / min, and the liquid-solid ratio during the water leaching process was 30mL / g. The product was then filtered and washed to obtain a leachate and a leach residue. Analysis showed that the leaching rates of lithium, iron, aluminum, and copper were 100%, 11.98%, 0, and 0, respectively.

[0042] Example 9

[0043] The purchased waste lithium iron phosphate batteries were placed in a sodium chloride solution at room temperature for 24 hours for discharge treatment, and then disassembled and crushed. After physical screening, the waste lithium iron phosphate battery black powder, copper foil and steel shell were obtained. The pretreated battery black powder was placed in a crucible for decarbonization treatment, and the battery was placed in a roasting furnace and heated to 700°C at a rate of 10°C / min for 3 hours. The roasting product was then collected to obtain a decarbonized battery powder; the decarbonized waste ternary lithium ion battery powder was mixed with aminosulfonic acid at a mass ratio of 1:1.07 (g / g). The mixture was placed in a mortar and ground and mixed, and then the ground and mixed materials were put into a crucible (with a crucible cover) and placed in a roasting furnace. The heating rate was set to 10°C / min, and the temperature was raised to 400°C and roasted for 60min. After the roasting, the roasted product was leached with 20°C water for 5min at a stirring speed of 200r / min. The liquid-to-solid ratio during the water leaching process was 20mL / g. The mixture was then filtered and washed to obtain a leachate and a leach residue. The leaching rates of lithium, iron, aluminum, and copper were analyzed to be 95.78%, 61.33%, 0, and 0, respectively.

[0044] Example 10

[0045] The purchased waste lithium iron phosphate batteries were placed in a sodium chloride solution at room temperature for 24 hours for discharge treatment, and then disassembled and crushed. After physical screening, the waste lithium iron phosphate battery black powder, copper foil and steel shell were obtained. The pretreated battery black powder was placed in a crucible for decarbonization treatment, and the battery was placed in a roasting furnace and heated to 700°C at a rate of 10°C / min for 3 hours. The roasting product was then collected to obtain a decarbonized battery powder; the decarbonized waste ternary lithium ion battery powder was mixed with aminosulfonic acid at a mass ratio of 1:1.07 (g / g) The mixture was ground and mixed in a mortar in a certain proportion, and then the ground and mixed materials were put into a crucible (with a crucible cover) and placed in a roasting furnace. The heating rate was set to 10°C / min, and the temperature was raised to 400°C and roasted for 60min. After the roasting, the roasted product was leached with 80°C water for 60min at a stirring rate of 300r / min, and the liquid-to-solid ratio during the water leaching process was 50mL / g. The mixture was then filtered and washed to obtain a leachate and a leach residue. Analysis showed that the leaching rates of lithium, iron, aluminum, and copper were 100%, 73.50%, 0, and 0, respectively.

Claims

1. A method for extracting valuable metals from waste lithium-ion battery black powder, characterized in that: Using waste lithium-ion battery black powder as raw material and aminosulfonic acid as roasting agent, the process steps are as follows: Step 1. Pretreatment: The waste lithium-ion batteries are placed in a NaCl solution at room temperature for 24 hours for discharge treatment, and then disassembled, crushed, and physically screened to obtain battery black powder, copper foil, and steel shell; Step 2. Calcination and carbon removal: Calcinate the battery black powder and collect the calcined product to obtain decarbonized battery powder; Step 3. Metal extraction: Mix the decarbonized battery powder with the roasting agent and grind them, put the ground and evenly mixed mixture into a crucible, cover the crucible and further roast it; Step 4. Water leaching: The product obtained by further roasting is immersed in water under stirring conditions, and then filtered and washed to obtain a leachate and a leach residue, which are used for further purification and recovery of valuable metals.

2. A method for extracting valuable metals from waste lithium-ion battery black powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calcining agent is aminosulfonic acid; The waste lithium-ion battery is one of a waste lithium iron phosphate battery and a waste ternary lithium battery.

3. A method for extracting valuable metals from waste lithium-ion battery black powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, during the calcination process, the calcination temperature is 600° C.-800° C., and the calcination time is 1 h-3 h.

4. A method for extracting valuable metals from waste lithium-ion battery black powder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The calcination temperature is 700°C and the calcination time is 3h.

5. A method for extracting valuable metals from waste lithium-ion battery black powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, the mixing ratio of the decarbonized battery powder and the calcining agent is 1: (0.4-2.4) g / g by mass.

6. A method for extracting valuable metals from waste lithium-ion battery black powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, the further calcination process is: heating to 210°C-500°C at a rate of 3°C / min-10°C / min, and calcining for 20min-60min.

7. A method for extracting valuable metals from waste lithium-ion battery black powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, during the water immersion process, the stirring speed is 200r / min-300r / min, the liquid-solid ratio is 20mL / g-50mL / g, the water immersion temperature is 20°C-80°C, and the leaching time is 5min-60min.

8. The method for extracting valuable metals from waste lithium-ion battery black powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leaching solution contains two or more elements of lithium, nickel, cobalt, manganese, iron and aluminum.

9. The method for extracting valuable metals from waste lithium-ion battery black powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the waste lithium-ion battery is a waste lithium iron phosphate battery, the leaching solution does not contain aluminum element; when the waste lithium-ion battery is a ternary lithium battery, the leaching rate of aluminum is lower than 41%.

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