Ecological restoration method for mountain high retaining wall close to municipal road
Through drone aerial photography and terrain repair and inspection, high retaining wall information is obtained, multi-dimensional ecological restoration blocks are built and suitable plants are planted, which solves the problem of exposed high retaining walls in mountain areas, and realizes the multi-level and multi-dimensional effect of ecological restoration, forming a Rich mountain landscape and perfect ecological environment.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411850593.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-16
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-11
AI Technical Summary
The prior art cannot fully repair the exposed support structure of the mountain high retaining wall close to municipal roads, resulting in breakage of biological transmission routes and safety hazards.
Through drone aerial photography and terrain repair and acquisition of information data of high retaining walls, determine the type of mountain retaining walls and the distribution of plantable land, build multi-dimensional and composite ecological restoration blocks, and perform texture and ecological treatment of the retaining walls. , plant suitable plant varieties to form a mountain landscape with rich seasons.
It effectively avoids the urban mountain whitening phenomenon caused by naked retaining walls, integrates the retaining wall into the mountains and forests, forming a mountain landscape with gradual hierarchical and diverse seasonal aspects and an ecological environment with perfect biodiversity, and enhancing the multi-level and multi-dimensional effect of ecological restoration.
Smart Images
Figure CN119411629A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, and in particular to an ecological restoration method for a high retaining wall in a mountain area adjacent to a municipal road. Background Art
[0002] Mountain municipal roads need to support the surrounding mountains with high retaining walls, but the exposed support structure of the mountain high retaining walls has become the main cause of the whitening of the mountains and is also a fault zone for biological transmission. The existing technology only covers the foot of the high retaining wall with plants and regreens the ecological bags in the retaining wall support structure, which cannot achieve the effect of comprehensive ecological restoration. As time goes by, there are safety hazards in the absence of management and maintenance methods. To this end, the present invention has developed an ecological restoration method for mountain high retaining walls adjacent to municipal roads to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention
[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for ecological restoration of high retaining walls in mountainous areas adjacent to municipal roads, so as to solve the technical problems raised by the above-mentioned background technology.
[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution provided by the present invention is: A method for ecological restoration of a high retaining wall in a mountainous area adjacent to a municipal road comprises the following steps: S1. Obtain the information data of the elevation and plane of the high retaining wall and the surrounding mountains through drone aerial photography and terrain survey, and determine the type of mountain retaining wall, the distribution of plantable land, the current ecological restoration plots in the mountains, and the area and height of the retaining wall to be added based on the information data; S2. Construct a multi-dimensional and complex ecological restoration block based on the determined mountain retaining wall type, the distribution of plantable land, the existing ecological restoration plots in the mountains, and the area and height to be supplemented; S3. Carry out texture and ecological treatment on various types of retaining walls in the multi-dimensional and complex ecological restoration area to form a landscape appearance that is integrated into the mountain; S4. Fill the planting areas in the multi-dimensional and complex ecological restoration blocks with planting soil containing organic fertilizer, and plant corresponding plant varieties in the planting areas with different ecological restoration needs, so as to form a mountain landscape with rich layers and seasonal phases and complete the ecological restoration of the mountain high retaining wall.
[0005] Preferably, the method for determining the area and height of the retaining wall and the type of ecological restoration block to be added in the multi-dimensional, composite ecological restoration system is as follows: When the setback distance between the mountain and the surrounding municipal roads and the length-to-height ratio of the mountain retaining wall is greater than 1, the repair shall be a multi-level retaining wall of 3 to 5 meters, and a terrace repair area shall be formed between the multi-level retaining walls; When the setback distance between the mountain and the surrounding municipal roads and the length-to-height ratio of the mountain retaining wall is 0.2-1, the repair is a combination of a single-stage retaining wall of 8-11 meters and a multi-layer low retaining wall with a height of less than 1 meter, and a staggered planting belt is formed between the multi-layer low retaining walls; When the setback distance between the mountain and the surrounding municipal roads and the length-to-height ratio of the mountain retaining wall are 0-0.2, the repair is a single-stage retaining wall of 3-5 meters to form a composite single-stage retaining wall repair area; When the setback distance between the mountain and the surrounding municipal roads and the length-to-height ratio of the mountain retaining wall are 0, it will be repaired into a single-stage retaining wall of 3 to 5 meters, and there will be no planting area at the bottom of the single-stage retaining wall.
[0006] Preferably, the types of plants planted in each restoration area and the planting methods are as follows: The terrace restoration area uses a combination of trees, shrubs and grasses to form a staggered plant landscape based on covered soil, and plants suitable for mountain water conservation and prevention of soil erosion. In the planting belts with different heights, a plant community that absorbs dust is set in the planting area near the municipal road, and landscape vegetation textures with excellent soil fixation and water retention capabilities are set between the stacked stones and GRC rockery of the low retaining walls above the second level, and a combination of trees, shrubs and grasses with excellent carbon fixation and oxygen release capabilities are set inside the planting area formed by the top retaining wall; In the composite single-stage retaining wall repair area, a moderate slope is first piled up, and then a downward climbing and upward hanging planting method is adopted. Flowering plants with obvious seasonal changes that can extend downward are used in the planting zone on the top of the retaining wall. Climbing plants that are good at climbing are used to cover the retaining wall in the cramped and sporadic planting plots at the bottom of the retaining wall, and dwarf shrubs with long flowering periods are dotted. In the non-planted area at the bottom of the single-stage retaining wall, three-dimensional greening is used to cover the retaining wall.
[0007] Preferably, the plant community in the terrace restoration area is planted with ivy, Loropetalum rubra, Golden Banyan and Schefflera chinensis according to the distance from the road and the burial depth that can be formed.
[0008] Preferably, ivy, loblolly wood, golden banyan and Schefflera are planted in the uneven planting belts according to the distance from the road and the burial depth that can be formed. Bougainvillea and Japanese maple are set between the stacked stones and GRC rockery in the second-level or above low retaining walls, and camphor, Koelreuteria paniculata, hibiscus, boxwood, ivy and ground ivy communities are set inside the planting area formed by the top retaining wall.
[0009] Preferably, the three-dimensional greening method is specifically as follows: dry-hanging 200x200 steel grilles on the retaining wall surface, reserving automatic irrigation pipes and watering ports, thereby forming a three-dimensional greening planting system, and setting up planting troughs or binding planting bags to plant trumpet creepers and climbing vines.
[0010] Preferably, the method for texture and ecological treatment of multiple types of retaining walls formed by the multi-dimensional, composite ecological restoration system is specifically as follows: 70-thick yellow rust stone fragments are dry-hung to form an ecological retaining wall base, and then GRC plastic stone is fixed on the retaining wall surface to form a mountain texture, thereby eliminating the rigid facade appearance of the reinforced concrete retaining wall while using the gaps to form ecological planting pools.
[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The ecological restoration method of the present invention is a multi-level and multi-dimensional ecological restoration of high mountain retaining walls based on the habitat restoration level, thereby effectively avoiding the phenomenon of urban mountain exposure caused by exposed retaining walls, integrating retaining walls into mountains and forests, and forming a mountain landscape with gradual levels and diverse seasons and an ecological environment with perfect biodiversity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.
[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the retaining wall ecological restoration method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0014] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0015] like Figure 1 As shown: One embodiment of the present invention is: The ecological restoration method of high retaining walls in mountain parks adjacent to municipal roads includes the following steps: S1, obtain the information data of the elevation and plane of the high retaining wall and the surrounding mountains through drone aerial photography and terrain survey, and determine the type of mountain retaining wall, the distribution of plantable land, the current ecological restoration plots in the mountains, and the area and height of the retaining wall to be added based on the information data; S2: Construct a multi-dimensional and complex ecological restoration block based on the determined mountain retaining wall type, the distribution of plantable land, the existing ecological restoration plots in the mountains, and the area and height to be supplemented; S3, carry out texture and ecological treatment on various types of retaining walls in the multi-dimensional and complex ecological restoration blocks to form a landscape appearance feature that blends into the mountain; S4. Fill the planting areas in the multi-dimensional and composite ecological restoration blocks with planting soil mixed with organic fertilizer, and plant corresponding plant varieties in the planting areas with different ecological restoration requirements to form a mountain landscape with rich levels and seasonal phases, thus completing the ecological restoration of the mountain retaining wall. In step S2 of this embodiment, according to the current mountain situation data and the feasibility conclusion of the ecological restoration areas to be supplemented, the specific method for constructing the multi-dimensional and composite ecological restoration blocks is as follows: In the multi-dimensional and composite ecological restoration blocks, when the setback distance between the mountain and the surrounding municipal roads and the height-to-length ratio of the mountain retaining wall (A > 1), set multi-level retaining walls (3 meters to 5 meters); thus, while setting the motor-vehicle and non-motor-vehicle ramps and climbing steps on the mountain, form a terrace restoration area between the multi-level retaining walls. In the multi-dimensional and composite ecological restoration blocks, when the setback distance between the mountain and the surrounding municipal roads and the height-to-length ratio of the mountain retaining wall (0.2 < A < 1), set a combination of a single-level retaining wall (8 meters to 11 meters) and multi-layer low retaining walls. By setting multi-layer low retaining walls with a height < 1 meter, form a planting belt with scattered heights, stack real stones, and fill with plastic stone GRC, thus constructing a combined restoration area of a single-level retaining wall and multi-layer low retaining walls that blends into the mountain forest.
[0016] In the multi-dimensional and composite ecological restoration blocks, when the setback distance between the mountain and the surrounding municipal roads and the height-to-length ratio of the mountain retaining wall (0 < A < 0.2), set a single-level retaining wall (3 meters to 5 meters), thus realizing a composite single-level retaining wall restoration area for the scattered planting plots at the top and bottom of the retaining wall. Thereby realizing the ecological effects of sterilizing and dust-retention of the mountain retaining wall and improving biodiversity.
[0017] In the multi-dimensional and composite ecological restoration blocks, when the setback distance between the mountain and the surrounding municipal roads and the height-to-length ratio of the mountain retaining wall (A = 0), set a single-level retaining wall (3 meters to 5 meters). In the case of no planting area at the bottom and sparse or no planting area at the top, the retaining wall can be covered by means of vertical greening. Dry-hang 200x200 steel gratings on the retaining wall surface layer, and reserve automatic irrigation pipelines and watering ports, thus forming a vertical greening planting system. Install planting troughs or tie planting bags, and use climbing vine varieties such as Chinese trumpet creeper and Boston ivy. Thus, while realizing the seasonal covering of the retaining wall, it also provides ecological effects for the city such as alleviating the urban heat island effect, improving the microclimate, purifying the air, reducing noise, and enhancing biodiversity.
[0018] In this embodiment, according to the distribution of the multi-dimensional and composite ecological restoration blocks, the texture of various types of retaining walls is treated ecologically, so as to form a landscape appearance feature integrated into the mountain. 70-thick yellow rust stone (70% natural surface, smashed) is used to form an ecological retaining wall base, and GRC plastic stone (30%) is fixed on the surface layer of the retaining wall to form a mountain texture, so as to eliminate the rigid facade appearance of the reinforced concrete retaining wall and use the gap to form an ecological planting pool; In this embodiment, according to the distribution of the multi-dimensional and composite ecological restoration blocks, the planting soil is filled and the organic fertilizer is fully mixed. Plant varieties with different ecological restoration needs are combined and matched to form a layered and seasonally enriched mountain landscape and carbon fixation, oxygen release, air purification and other diversified ecological restoration effects, and the specific methods are as follows: In the terrace garden space between the multi-level retaining walls, a plant landscape with different heights is formed by combining trees, shrubs and grasses based on the planting soil covering the terrace garden space, and plant communities suitable for mountain water conservation and prevention of soil erosion are planted to achieve the effect of preventing mountain rainwater from eroding and damaging surrounding municipal facilities; according to the distance from the road and the burial depth that can be formed, plant communities such as ivy, red loblolly, golden banyan and Schefflera are planted, so as to form an ecological environment for absorbing dust around municipal roads while supplementing the ability of mountain soil and water conservation and carbon fixation and oxygen release; In the combined restoration area of the single-stage retaining wall and multi-layer low retaining wall, a plant community that absorbs dust is set in the planting area near the municipal road. Landscape vegetation textures with excellent soil fixation and water retention capabilities are set between the stacked stones and GRC rockery of the low retaining walls above the second level. A combination of trees, shrubs and grasses with excellent carbon fixation and oxygen release capabilities is set inside the planting area formed by the top retaining wall to partially cover the high retaining wall. In a multi-level superimposed combination, plant communities such as ivy, Loropetalum chinensis, Golden Banyan Ball and Schefflera are planted according to the distance from the road and the burial depth that can be formed, thereby forming an ecological environment that absorbs dust around the municipal road. Bougainvillea and Acer truncatum are set between the stacked stones and GRC rockery of the low retaining walls above the second level to form a vegetation texture for viewing flowers, fruits and fragrance. Cinnamomum camphora, Koelreuteria paniculata, Hibiscus mutabilis, Boxwood, ivy and Ground ivy communities are set inside the planting area formed by the top retaining wall to cover the high retaining wall. Thus, while reflecting the landscape and seasonal characteristics of the mountains, it can also enhance the ability of soil and water conservation, carbon fixation and oxygen release in the mountains. Thus, while reflecting the landscape hierarchy and seasonal characteristics of the mountains, it can also enhance the ability of soil and water conservation, carbon fixation and oxygen release in the mountains. In the single-stage retaining wall repair area, moderate slopes are piled up, and through the planting method of climbing down and drooping, flowering plants with obvious seasonal changes that can extend and droop outward are used in the planting area on the top of the retaining wall, so as to cover the upper retaining wall. The cramped and scattered planting plots at the bottom of the retaining wall use climbing plants that are good at climbing to cover the retaining wall, and are dotted with short shrubs with long flowering periods, and the lower retaining wall is covered in multiple layers. Through the selection of planting varieties and the superposition of multiple planting methods, moderate slopes are piled up, and through the planting method of climbing down and drooping, flowering plants such as forsythia and bougainvillea that can extend and droop outward and have obvious seasonal changes are used in the planting area on the top of the retaining wall, so as to cover the upper retaining wall. The cramped and scattered planting plots at the bottom of the retaining wall use climbing plants such as Quisqualis and climbing roses that are good at climbing to cover the retaining wall, and are dotted with short shrubs with long flowering periods such as bougainvillea, and the lower retaining wall is covered in multiple layers, thereby achieving the ecological effect of sterilizing and dust retention of mountain retaining walls and improving biodiversity.
[0019] In the three-dimensional greening restoration area, when the setback distance between the mountain and the surrounding municipal roads is equal to the length-to-height ratio of the mountain retaining wall (A=0), a single-stage retaining wall is set up. When there is no planting area at the bottom and there is sparse or no planting area at the top, three-dimensional greening can be used to cover the retaining wall, with planting troughs or planting bags tied, and creepers such as creepers, ivy, etc. used as ecological bases to absorb dust. When close to important urban landscape areas, colorful leaf development plants such as firecracker flowers and trumpet creepers are used to form plant patterns. In this way, while achieving seasonal shielding of the retaining wall, it also provides the city with ecological benefits of alleviating urban heat island phenomena, improving microclimate, purifying air, reducing noise, and improving biodiversity.
[0020] From the contents of the above embodiments, it can be seen that the present invention provides an ecological restoration method for mountain high retaining walls adjacent to municipal roads, which includes obtaining terrain information of high retaining walls through drone aerial photography and terrain measurement. The feasibility of additional planting positions around mountain high retaining walls is obtained through data analysis; the texture of the high retaining wall is processed according to the terrain information, thereby eliminating the rigid facade appearance of the reinforced concrete retaining wall; according to the feasibility conclusion of the additional planting area, a multi-dimensional and composite ecological restoration block is formed, and through the combination of ecological restoration plant varieties, a mountain high retaining wall ecological restoration effect with rich seasons and levels and excellent biodiversity environment is formed. It is different from the existing technology that only plants trees in the gap green space to partially cover the retaining wall or uses grass seed planting bags to fill the gaps in the retaining wall frame beams. It is a multi-level and multi-dimensional ecological restoration of mountain high retaining walls based on the habitat restoration level, thereby effectively avoiding the whitening phenomenon of urban mountains caused by the exposure of the retaining wall, integrating the retaining wall into the mountain forest, and forming a mountain landscape with gradual levels and diverse seasons and a perfect ecological environment for biodiversity.
[0021] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms such as "installation", "setting", "connection", "fixation" and "screw-on" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. Unless otherwise clearly defined, ordinary technicians in this field can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.
[0022] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A method for ecological restoration of a high retaining wall in a mountainous area adjacent to a municipal road, characterized by: The following steps are involved: S1. Obtain the information data of the elevation and plane of the high retaining wall and the surrounding mountains through drone aerial photography and terrain survey, and determine the type of mountain retaining wall, the distribution of plantable land, the current ecological restoration plots in the mountains, and the area and height of the retaining wall to be added based on the information data; S2. Construct a multi-dimensional and complex ecological restoration block based on the determined mountain retaining wall type, the distribution of plantable land, the existing ecological restoration plots in the mountains, and the area and height to be supplemented; S3. Carry out texture and ecological treatment on various types of retaining walls in the multi-dimensional and complex ecological restoration area to form a landscape appearance that is integrated into the mountain; S4. Fill the planting areas in the multi-dimensional and complex ecological restoration blocks with planting soil containing organic fertilizer, and plant corresponding plant varieties in the planting areas with different ecological restoration needs, so as to form a mountain landscape with rich layers and seasonal phases and complete the ecological restoration of the mountain high retaining wall.
2. The ecological restoration method of a high retaining wall in a mountainous area adjacent to a municipal road according to claim 1 is characterized by: The specific method for determining the area and height of the retaining wall and the type of ecological restoration block to be added in the multi-dimensional and complex ecological restoration system is as follows: When the setback distance between the mountain and the surrounding municipal roads and the length-to-height ratio of the mountain retaining wall is greater than 1, the repair shall be a multi-level retaining wall of 3 to 5 meters, and a terrace repair area shall be formed between the multi-level retaining walls; When the setback distance between the mountain and the surrounding municipal roads and the length-to-height ratio of the mountain retaining wall is 0.2-1, the repair is a combination of a single-stage retaining wall of 8-11 meters and a multi-layer low retaining wall with a height of less than 1 meter, and a staggered planting belt is formed between the multi-layer low retaining walls; When the setback distance between the mountain and the surrounding municipal roads and the length-to-height ratio of the mountain retaining wall are 0-0.2, the repair is a single-stage retaining wall of 3-5 meters to form a composite single-stage retaining wall repair area; When the setback distance between the mountain and the surrounding municipal roads and the length-to-height ratio of the mountain retaining wall are 0, it will be repaired into a single-stage retaining wall of 3 to 5 meters, and there will be no planting area at the bottom of the single-stage retaining wall.
3. The ecological restoration method of a high retaining wall in a mountainous area adjacent to a municipal road according to claim 2 is characterized by: The types of plants planted and the planting methods in each of the restoration areas are as follows: The terrace restoration area uses a combination of trees, shrubs and grasses to form a staggered plant landscape based on covered soil, and plants suitable for mountain water conservation and prevention of soil erosion. In the planting belts with different heights, a plant community that absorbs dust is set in the planting area near the municipal road, and landscape vegetation textures with excellent soil fixation and water retention capabilities are set between the stacked stones and GRC rockery of the low retaining walls above the second level, and a combination of trees, shrubs and grasses with excellent carbon fixation and oxygen release capabilities are set inside the planting area formed by the top retaining wall; In the composite single-stage retaining wall repair area, a moderate slope is first piled up, and then a downward climbing and upward hanging planting method is adopted. Flowering plants with obvious seasonal changes that can extend downward are used in the planting zone on the top of the retaining wall. Climbing plants that are good at climbing are used to cover the retaining wall in the cramped and sporadic planting plots at the bottom of the retaining wall, and dwarf shrubs with long flowering periods are dotted. In the non-planted area at the bottom of the single-stage retaining wall, three-dimensional greening is used to cover the retaining wall.
4. The ecological restoration method of a high retaining wall in a mountainous area adjacent to a municipal road according to claim 3 is characterized by: The plant communities in the terrace restoration area are planted with ivy, Loropetalum chinensis, Banyan tree and Schefflera chinensis according to the distance from the road and the depth of soil burial that can be formed.
5. The ecological restoration method of a high retaining wall in a mountainous area adjacent to a municipal road according to claim 3 is characterized by: In the said uneven planting belts, ivy, loblolly wood, golden banyan and Schefflera are planted according to the distance from the road and the burial depth that can be formed. Bougainvillea and Acer truncatum are set between the stacked stones and GRC rockery on the second-level and above low retaining walls. Cinnamomum camphora, Koelreuteria paniculata, Hibiscus mutabilis, boxwood, ivy and ground ivy communities are set inside the planting area formed by the top retaining wall.
6. The ecological restoration method of a high retaining wall in a mountainous area adjacent to a municipal road according to claim 3 is characterized by: The three-dimensional greening method is specifically as follows: dry-hanging 200x200 steel grilles on the surface of the retaining wall, reserving automatic irrigation pipes and watering ports, thereby forming a three-dimensional greening planting system, and setting up planting troughs or binding planting bags to plant trumpet creepers and climbing vines.
7. The ecological restoration method of a high retaining wall in a mountainous area adjacent to a municipal road according to claim 1 is characterized by: The method for texture and ecological treatment of multiple types of retaining walls formed by the multi-dimensional, composite ecological restoration system is specifically as follows: 70-thick yellow rust stone fragments are dry-hung to form an ecological retaining wall base, and then GRC plastic stone is fixed on the retaining wall surface to form a mountain texture, thereby eliminating the rigid facade appearance of the reinforced concrete retaining wall while using the gaps to form an ecological planting pool.