Real-time vibration monitoring method and system for wind turbine generator

Abstract

The invention discloses a real-time vibration monitoring method and system for a wind turbine generator, and belongs to the technical field of state monitoring of the wind turbine generator, and the method comprises the steps: collecting an original vibration signal and a rotation speed signal of a key part of a transmission chain of the wind turbine generator; caching the original vibration signal; performing feature analysis on the original vibration signal in combination with the rotating speed signal to obtain an order frequency spectrum feature of the original vibration signal, extracting a time domain feature of the original vibration signal, and returning necessary transmission data and / or selective transmission data based on a multi-state triggering return mechanism; the data to be transmitted comprises order frequency spectrum features and time domain features of the original vibration signals; the selective transmission data comprises an original vibration signal and a rotating speed signal of a key component of a transmission chain of the wind turbine generator; and receiving the necessarily transmitted data and / or the selectively transmitted data, and transmitting the data to the server. According to the invention, the real-time acquisition and conditional data transmission functions of the vibration signals of the transmission chain of the wind turbine generator are realized, so that the technical problem of high storage pressure of data acquired in real time is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of wind turbine status monitoring, and in particular relates to a real-time vibration monitoring method and system for a wind turbine. Background Art

[0002] As the core monitoring element in the field of wind turbine condition monitoring, vibration signals can accurately capture and analyze the vibration level of wind turbines, which is of great value for accurately analyzing and mastering the health status of large components of wind turbines. Therefore, the Condition Monitoring System (CMS) has become the standard monitoring solution for vibration monitoring in the wind power field and is widely used in the field of wind turbine vibration monitoring.

[0003] However, the main problems of existing vibration monitoring methods are as follows:

[0004] (1) The timed collection strategy cannot achieve the purpose of real-time vibration monitoring of wind turbines. The timed collection strategy generally collects vibration data every 2 or 4 hours. The collected vibration data covers the vibration data of key measuring points in the wind turbine transmission chain. This timed collection method has a certain degree of randomness, that is, data may be collected when the unit is shut down, on standby, or at a low speed, resulting in redundancy of vibration data. There is a certain degree of opportunism in the collection of high-speed, high-energy vibration data, resulting in insufficient high-speed, high-energy vibration data, and a longer time is required for data accumulation in subsequent vibration analysis.

[0005] (2) Limited computing power: Due to cost pressure, the existing vibration collection system has limited computing power and does not have the ability to perform complex feature edge computing. It transmits vibration data indiscriminately, which puts a certain amount of pressure on data storage. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a real-time vibration monitoring method and system for a wind turbine, which realizes the real-time collection and conditional data transmission functions of the vibration signal of the wind turbine transmission chain, so as to solve the technical problem of high storage pressure of real-time collected data.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for real-time vibration monitoring of a wind turbine generator set, comprising:

[0009] Collect the original vibration signals and speed signals of key components of the wind turbine transmission chain;

[0010] Cache the original vibration signal;

[0011] The original vibration signal is analyzed for characteristics in combination with the speed signal to obtain the order spectrum characteristics of the original vibration signal, and the time domain characteristics of the original vibration signal are extracted at the same time, and the mandatory data and / or optional data are transmitted back based on the multi-state trigger feedback mechanism; the mandatory data includes the order spectrum characteristics and time domain characteristics of the original vibration signal; the optional data includes the original vibration signal and speed signal of the key components of the wind turbine transmission chain;

[0012] Receive mandatory data and / or optional data and transmit it to the server.

[0013] Furthermore, when caching the original vibration signal, the heartbeat signal of each sensor is monitored, and whether the sensor is abnormal is determined based on the heartbeat signal, and the abnormal sensor warning signal is uploaded to the server.

[0014] Furthermore, the original vibration signal is cached for a time period greater than a set cache time.

[0015] Furthermore, before performing feature analysis on the original vibration signal in combination with the rotation speed signal, data validity analysis is performed on each original vibration signal, and the original vibration signal with data validity issues is transmitted back to the server as special data.

[0016] Furthermore, the multi-state trigger feedback mechanism is: when any one of the specific speed trigger, specific order feature trigger, specific time domain feature trigger and manual trigger is met, the original vibration signal and speed signal are stored;

[0017] The specific speed trigger is: the average speed within a set time meets the first set condition;

[0018] The specific order feature is triggered when: the order spectrum feature meets the second setting condition;

[0019] The specific time domain feature trigger is: when the time domain feature of the vibration signal exceeds a given threshold;

[0020] Manual triggering means: receiving a manual triggering signal.

[0021] Furthermore, when storing the original vibration signal and the rotation speed signal, if the storage condition is continuously met, the signal is stored once every storage interval, and the original vibration signal to be stored is uploaded to the long-term storage server.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a real-time vibration monitoring system for a wind turbine generator set, comprising:

[0023] Signal sensing module, used to collect original vibration signals and speed signals of key components of the wind turbine transmission chain;

[0024] A stream data storage module for caching the original vibration signal;

[0025] The multi-state trigger data feedback module is used to perform feature analysis on the original vibration signal in combination with the speed signal to obtain the order spectrum characteristics of the original vibration signal, extract the time domain characteristics of the original vibration signal, and feedback the required data and / or optional data based on the multi-state trigger feedback mechanism; the required data includes the order spectrum characteristics and time domain characteristics of the original vibration signal; the optional data includes the original vibration signal and speed signal of the key components of the wind turbine transmission chain;

[0026] The data receiving and storage module is used to receive mandatory data and / or optional data and transmit them to the server.

[0027] Furthermore, the signal sensing module includes a vibration sensor and a photoelectric encoder.

[0028] Furthermore, the multi-state triggered data feedback module is also used to perform data validity analysis on each vibration sensor data, and feedback the original vibration signal with data validity issues as special data.

[0029] Furthermore, the data validity analysis includes monitoring and judging the mutation data, out-of-range data, data with unchanged values, and data with extremely small variance in the original vibration signal.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0031] The present invention first selects a suitable sensor to collect vibration signals of key measuring points of the wind turbine transmission chain, and simultaneously collects the speed signal of the wind turbine; then, the real-time collected signal is transmitted to the stream processing memory for temporary cache processing. Then, feature extraction and conditional rule setting are performed on the cached vibration data and speed data. Finally, the feature data is transmitted to the long-term storage server in real time, and the original vibration data and speed triggered by the condition are transmitted back to the long-term storage server as needed for high-value vibration data storage, providing data support for subsequent vibration analysis and algorithm optimization.

[0032] The method provided is a real-time vibration signal acquisition method, which can realize real-time acquisition of wind turbine vibration data. The proposed method and system are a data acquisition method and system with edge computing capabilities, which can perform complex feature extraction and calculation functions. The proposed method is a method with caching and fault recording functions, providing multiple trigger strategies for returning original vibration data, reducing the transmission pressure of returning the full amount of original vibration data.

[0033] Furthermore, in order to avoid the problem of repeated data storage caused by continuous satisfaction of the trigger conditions, a storage interval is set. Even if the storage conditions are met continuously, the data will be stored once every storage interval, reducing the pressure of data transmission and storage.

[0034] Furthermore, the streaming data storage module monitors the heartbeat signal of each sensor, determines whether the sensor is working properly, and uploads the sensor warning information of the abnormal state to the server, which can timely remind the maintenance personnel to perform sensor maintenance and improve the accuracy of the monitoring signal. Furthermore, the present invention performs data validity analysis on each vibration sensor data, and transmits the data with data validity problems as special data. Once a sensor failure or data abnormality is found, an alarm can be immediately issued or repaired, thereby avoiding the expansion of the failure, while ensuring the authenticity and reliability of the sensor data and avoiding misjudgment due to data errors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for real-time vibration monitoring of a wind turbine set provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of data transmission;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of multi-state trigger management and data collection;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of a wind turbine real-time vibration monitoring system provided in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0041] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0042] Reference Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, a method for real-time vibration monitoring of a wind turbine is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0043] Step S101, the signal sensing module includes a speed sensor and four vibration sensors. The signal sensing module collects the original vibration signals of the key components of the wind turbine transmission chain, including the collection of low-frequency vibration signals and high-frequency vibration signals. The collection points and vibration sensor models are consistent with the standard CMS monitoring positions and models. At the same time, the speed signal is measured synchronously, and a photoelectric encoder can be used to measure the speed of the wind turbine.

[0044] Among them, the key components of the wind turbine transmission chain include the hub, main shaft, gearbox, reducer, generator and bearings.

[0045] Step S102: The stream data storage module performs stream processing on the original vibration signal collected in step S101, caches the original vibration signal, and provides recording data for subsequent data transmission. The data cache duration is not less than 10 hours, that is, the newly collected data enters the cache space in real time, and the data 10 hours ago is cleared from the cache in real time. At the same time, the stream data storage module monitors the heartbeat signal of each sensor, determines whether the sensor is working normally based on the heartbeat signal, and uploads the abnormal sensor warning signal to the server to prompt the maintenance personnel to perform sensor maintenance.

[0046] Step S103, the multi-state triggered data feedback module is the core computing module of the entire edge computing acquisition system. It performs feature analysis on the original vibration signal stored in S102 and formulates a multi-state triggered feedback mechanism. The vibration signal feature analysis is mainly combined with the real-time collected speed signal, and the order spectrum characteristics of the original vibration signal are obtained by order analysis. The high-value frequency characteristics are returned. The high-value frequency characteristics refer to the order spectrum characteristics and the energy characteristics of the special frequency band processed by the order spectrum characteristics. At the same time, the time domain characteristics of the original vibration signal are extracted, such as the effective value, kurtosis, maximum value and other characteristics.

[0047] The multi-state trigger feedback mechanism is as follows Figure 3 As shown in the figure, real-time data collection consumes huge resources for indiscriminate transmission and storage of raw data. Therefore, a trigger mechanism is set to transmit vibration signals that meet certain conditions back to the server and store them for a long time to provide data support for subsequent diagnostic analysis.

[0048] The specific trigger conditions are: specific speed trigger, specific order feature trigger, specific time domain feature trigger, and manual trigger. When one of the four trigger mechanisms is met, the trigger management module will store the original vibration signal. In order to avoid the problem of repeated data storage caused by continuous meeting of the trigger conditions, the storage interval needs to be set here. If the storage interval is set to 30s, even if the storage conditions are met continuously, the system will control the storage every 30s, reducing the pressure of data transmission and storage, and uploading the original vibration signal to be saved to the long-term storage server.

[0049] In some embodiments, a specific rotation speed triggers the storage of the original vibration signal and the rotation speed signal whose average rotation speed within 2 seconds meets the set conditions. The set conditions may be: rated rotation speed ±2% and / or a special rotation speed that is prone to occur.

[0050] In some embodiments, the specific order feature trigger is to analyze the features in the order spectrum, and store the original vibration signal and the rotation speed signal when the order spectrum features meet the conditions, such as the sideband energy in the order spectrum exceeds a threshold.

[0051] In some embodiments, the specific time domain feature trigger refers to extracting the time domain feature of the vibration signal exceeding a given threshold, and storing the original vibration signal and the rotation speed signal.

[0052] In some embodiments, manual triggering means that when a field test is performed, it is necessary to collect vibration signals and rotation speed signals in a centralized manner, thereby providing a continuous storage method.

[0053] In some embodiments, the multi-state triggered data feedback module in step S103 performs data validity analysis on the data of each vibration sensor before performing feature analysis on the original vibration signal, and transmits back the data with data validity issues as special data. For example, the mutation data, over-range data, unchanged value, and data with extremely small variance in the original vibration signal are monitored and judged, and the abnormal data are transmitted back.

[0054] Step S104: The data receiving and storage module receives the data to be stored in step S103, and transmits the data to the server through the ring network for the next step of fault diagnosis and data storage.

[0055] The data to be stored here include: vibration signal order spectrum characteristics, time domain characteristics, original vibration signal, speed signal, sensor warning signal. Among them, the vibration signal order spectrum characteristics, time domain characteristics, and sensor warning signal are transmitted and saved in real time; the original vibration signal and speed data are transmitted and saved only after the trigger conditions are met.

[0056] The following is a system embodiment of the present invention, which can be used to implement the method embodiment of the present invention. For details not disclosed in the device embodiment, please refer to the method embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] See also Figure 2 and Figure 4 In another embodiment of the present invention, a real-time vibration monitoring system for a wind turbine is provided, comprising a signal sensing module, a stream data storage module, a multi-state trigger data return module and a data receiving and storage module connected in sequence.

[0059] The signal sensing module is used to collect the original vibration signals of the key components of the wind turbine transmission chain and synchronously measure the speed signal. The original vibration signal collection includes the collection of low-frequency vibration signals and high-frequency vibration signals. The collection points and sensor models are consistent with the standard CMS monitoring positions and models. A photoelectric encoder is used for speed measurement.

[0060] The stream data storage module is used to process the original vibration signal, cache the original vibration signal, and provide recording data for subsequent data transmission. The data cache time is not less than 10 hours; it is also used to monitor the heartbeat signal of each sensor, determine whether the sensor is working properly, and upload the abnormal state sensor warning signal to the server.

[0061] The multi-state trigger data feedback module is the core computing module of the entire edge computing acquisition system. It is used to perform feature analysis on the original vibration signal stored in the streaming data storage module and load the specified multi-state trigger feedback mechanism. The vibration signal feature analysis mainly combines the real-time collected speed signal to perform order analysis to obtain the order spectrum characteristics of the original vibration signal, and then transmits the high-value frequency characteristics and extracts the time domain characteristics of the original vibration signal.

[0062] Edge computing capabilities include complex feature extraction and sensor self-diagnosis. Complex feature extraction is such as the time domain and frequency domain features mentioned above. Sensor self-diagnosis determines the validity of the data collected by each sensor. The existing CMS system does not have this function. When the sensor fails or becomes loose, the data sent back is basically unusable noise data. Therefore, a self-diagnosis function is added to ensure the validity of the data collected by the sensor. The trigger conditions of the multi-state trigger feedback mechanism are divided into: specific speed trigger, specific order feature trigger, specific time domain feature trigger or manual trigger. As long as one of the four trigger mechanisms is met, the trigger management module stores the original vibration signal; in order to avoid the problem of repeated data storage caused by continuous satisfaction of the trigger conditions, a storage interval is set. That is, if the storage conditions are met continuously, storage is performed every other storage interval, and the original vibration signal to be saved is uploaded to the long-term storage server.

[0063] In some embodiments, the multi-state triggered data feedback module has a sensor data failure diagnosis function, that is, it can perform data validity analysis on each vibration sensor data, and transmit the data with data validity problems as special data. For example, it monitors and judges the mutation data, over-range data, unchanged value, and extremely small variance data in the original vibration signal, and transmits the abnormal data back.

[0064] The stream data storage module and the multi-state trigger data return module are integrated in the collector.

[0065] The data receiving and storage module is used to receive the data to be stored sent by the multi-state trigger data feedback module, and transmit the data to the server through the ring network for the next step of fault diagnosis and data preservation.

[0066] The data receiving and storage module may be a switch.

[0067] All relevant contents of each step involved in the embodiment of the aforementioned method for real-time vibration monitoring of a wind turbine generator set can be referred to the functional description of the functional modules corresponding to the real-time vibration monitoring system for a wind turbine generator set in the embodiment of the present invention, and will not be repeated here.

[0068] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented in one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that include computer-usable program code.

[0069] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0070] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0071] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process in the computer or other programmable device. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0072] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0073] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A real-time vibration monitoring method for a wind turbine, characterized in that: include: Collect the original vibration signals and speed signals of key components of the wind turbine transmission chain; Cache the original vibration signal; The original vibration signal is analyzed for characteristics in combination with the speed signal to obtain the order spectrum characteristics of the original vibration signal, and the time domain characteristics of the original vibration signal are extracted at the same time, and the mandatory data and / or optional data are transmitted back based on the multi-state trigger feedback mechanism; the mandatory data includes the order spectrum characteristics and time domain characteristics of the original vibration signal; the optional data includes the original vibration signal and speed signal of the key components of the wind turbine transmission chain; Receive mandatory data and / or optional data and transmit it to the server.

2. A wind turbine real-time vibration monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When caching the original vibration signal, the heartbeat signal of each sensor is monitored, and whether the sensor is abnormal is determined based on the heartbeat signal, and the abnormal sensor warning signal is uploaded to the server.

3. A wind turbine real-time vibration monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The duration of caching the original vibration signal is greater than the set cache time.

4. A wind turbine real-time vibration monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before performing feature analysis on the original vibration signal in combination with the rotation speed signal, data validity analysis is performed on each original vibration signal, and the original vibration signal with data validity problem is transmitted back to the server as special data.

5. A wind turbine real-time vibration monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-state trigger feedback mechanism is: when any one of a specific speed trigger, a specific order feature trigger, a specific time domain feature trigger and a manual trigger is met, the original vibration signal and the speed signal are stored; The specific speed trigger is: the average speed within a set time meets the first set condition; The specific order feature is triggered when: the order spectrum feature meets the second setting condition; The specific time domain feature trigger is: when the time domain feature of the vibration signal exceeds a given threshold; Manual triggering means: receiving a manual triggering signal.

6. A method for real-time vibration monitoring of a wind turbine according to claim 5, characterized in that: When storing the original vibration signal and the rotation speed signal, if the storage condition is continuously met, the signal is stored once every storage interval, and the original vibration signal to be stored is uploaded to the long-term storage server.

7. A real-time vibration monitoring system for a wind turbine, characterized in that: include: Signal sensing module, used to collect original vibration signals and speed signals of key components of the wind turbine transmission chain; A stream data storage module for caching the original vibration signal; The multi-state trigger data feedback module is used to perform feature analysis on the original vibration signal in combination with the speed signal to obtain the order spectrum characteristics of the original vibration signal, extract the time domain characteristics of the original vibration signal, and feedback the required data and / or optional data based on the multi-state trigger feedback mechanism; the required data includes the order spectrum characteristics and time domain characteristics of the original vibration signal; the optional data includes the original vibration signal and speed signal of the key components of the wind turbine transmission chain; The data receiving and storage module is used to receive mandatory data and / or optional data and transmit them to the server.

8. A wind turbine real-time vibration monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The signal sensing module includes a vibration sensor and a photoelectric encoder.

9. A wind turbine real-time vibration monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The multi-state triggered data feedback module is also used to perform data validity analysis on each vibration sensor data, and feedback the original vibration signal with data validity problems as special data.

10. A wind turbine real-time vibration monitoring system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The data validity analysis includes monitoring and judging the mutation data, out-of-range data, data with unchanged values, and data with extremely small variance in the original vibration signal.

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