Method for delineating ore body through drill holes

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ore body delineation, and provides a method for delineating an ore body by using drill holes, which comprises the following steps: S1, determining the overall trend of the ore body according to ore body outcrop, geological analysis or mountain engineering; s2, determining the direction of an exploration line according to the overall trend of the ore body; s3, according to the direction of the exploration line, exploration projects such as exploration grooves, shallow wells and drill holes are arranged on the exploration line; s4, in the shallow part, according to the mining conditions of the exploring groove, the shallow well, the drilled hole and the like, the mining conditions are directly reflected on the exploring line profile map after logging; s5, normally connecting the ore body between the mine-seeing drill holes in the deep part according to the natural type, the industrial grade and the like of the ore; and S6, delineating the ore body according to the ore entering point and the ore exiting point of each drill hole on the exploration line profile map. According to the method, the authenticity of ore data can be improved through cautious processing, so that ore body delineation is more accurate and closer to the real state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of delineating ore bodies, and in particular to a method for delineating ore bodies by using drilling. Background Art

[0002] Ore body delineation mainly refers to the work carried out by tracing and ascertaining the shape, occurrence, spatial distribution and size of the ore body through geological research and engineering revelations. When calculating mineral reserves, it is based on the data of prospecting projects and sampling analysis, and in accordance with the industrial sector's requirements for mineral utilization indicators, to determine the distribution range of mineral reserves of different qualities, uses and mining technical conditions. This work is also called ore body delineation.

[0003] At present, the method of using in-pit drilling to delineate ore bodies in mining infrastructure exploration is basically the following steps:

[0004] 1. Determine the general direction of the ore body through ore outcropping, geological analysis or mountain engineering.

[0005] 2. Determine the direction of the exploration line based on the overall trend of the ore body.

[0006] 3. Arrange exploration projects such as trenches, shallow wells, and drilling holes according to the direction of the exploration line.

[0007] 4. In the shallow area, the ore findings in trenches, shallow wells, and drill holes are compiled and directly reflected on the profile of the exploration line.

[0008] 5. At depth, the ore findings found in the drilling holes are catalogued and directly reflected on the profile of the exploration line.

[0009] 6. On the profile, along the inclination, the ore body tapers out between the last drill hole where ore is found and the first drill hole where no ore is found.

[0010] The above method of delineating ore bodies in shallow areas is based on the ore-seeding conditions of trenches, shallow wells and shallow holes, which are directly reflected on the exploration line profile after compilation. This is more intuitive and has no obvious defects. However, in deep areas, there are obvious defects in delineating ore bodies using drill hole histograms:

[0011] (1) Due to the limitation of surface construction conditions, the drilling line was deviated during construction. The ore data of the deviated drilling holes and the ore data of the non-deviated drilling holes were circled on the same exploration line, which distorted the circled ore body data;

[0012] (2) The problem of the technical level of borehole inclination measurement. If the technical level of inclination measurement is high, the ore data after correction will be fine. If the technical level of inclination measurement is low or the sense of responsibility is insufficient, the authenticity of the ore data will be greatly reduced.

[0013] (3) Problems with the understanding of geological technicians in delineating ore bodies. The above three defects are likely to cause a common problem, that is, the ore body is pinched out between the last drill hole that shows ore and the first drill hole that does not show ore along the dip, thereby losing the ore body that continues to extend downward. In view of this, the present invention proposes a method for delineating ore bodies by drilling holes. Summary of the invention

[0014] The invention provides a method for delineating an ore body by using a borehole, which solves the problem of ore body data distortion in the prior art.

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A method for delineating an ore body by drilling, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1: Determine the general trend of the ore body based on ore body outcrops, geological analysis or mountain engineering;

[0017] S2: Determine the direction of the exploration line based on the general trend of the ore body;

[0018] S3: Arrange exploration trenches, shallow wells, drilling holes and other prospecting projects on the exploration line according to the direction of the exploration line;

[0019] S4: In the shallow part, according to the ore-seeking conditions of trenches, shallow wells, and drill holes, the records are directly reflected on the exploration line profile;

[0020] S5: At depth, the ore bodies between the drill holes that have ore are normally connected according to the natural type and industrial grade of the ore. When processing the connection between the last drill hole that has ore and the first drill hole that has not ore along the dip, the following situations need to be considered:

[0021] (1) When the actual distance between the actual construction position of the drilling hole and the exploration line, that is, the distance of the deviation line, is greater than 1 / 3 of the distance of the exploration line, the information of the ore point or the absence of ore is for reference only;

[0022] (2) When the last drill hole along the dip shows thick ore, especially when the ore body is in the shape of a "bamboo shoot" or "sac", the connection between the ore bodies between the first drill holes without ore should be handled with caution. This should be done by the technical person in charge and experienced geological technicians.

[0023] (3) Further verify and proofread the technical data of the first drill hole where no ore was found, and analyze the reasons why no ore was found;

[0024] (4) Drill another hole at the original location of the drill hole where no ore is found or at a certain engineering spacing extending downward according to the grid, so as to accurately delineate the ore body without missing the ore body extending below;

[0025] S6: Delineate the ore body based on the entry and exit points of each drill hole on the exploration line profile.

[0026] Preferably, when arranging exploration lines in an exploration area, firstly, a suitable arrangement method should be selected according to the changes in the rock formation occurrence and geological structure characteristics of the exploration area, then the lines should be correctly laid out on the topographic geological map of the exploration area according to the determined exploration line distance, and then the exploration project should be arranged on the line.

[0027] Preferably, the exploration line should be as perpendicular as possible to the basic trend of the stratum and the direction of the main structural line, and the angle between the exploration line direction and the stratum trend and the main structural line direction should be greater than 75°.

[0028] Preferably, the layout of the exploration lines should make full use of the original geological results, such as real-time profiles, exploration trenches, geophysical lines, etc., for the purpose of inspection and comparison. The layout of the dominant exploration lines should generally be in areas with representative geological structures in the exploration area, with the principle of obtaining a complete profile of the strata in the exploration area and controlling the structural morphology.

[0029] Preferably, in S6, when delineating the ore body, it is necessary to determine the ore body boundary base points, and then draw boundary lines through the base points. The boundary lines of the ore body should include a zero point boundary line, a mineable boundary line, and a reserve level boundary line.

[0030] Preferably, when delineating the zero point boundary line, there are two situations:

[0031] (1) When one of two adjacent boreholes contains ore while the other does not, the boundary zero point is located between the two holes and is determined by the midpoint line method;

[0032] (2) When ore is found in the drill holes at the edge of the ore body and there are no more drill holes outside it, the ore body is determined by inferring outward from the drill holes at the edge of the ore body through the infinite extrapolation method.

[0033] Preferably, the mineable boundary line is determined by the minimum mineable thickness and the lowest industrial grade. The specific method is to circle the mineable ore body at two drill holes exposed in the circular direction along the thickness of the ore body, and then circle it with samples equal to or less than the boundary grade according to the sample analysis data. Regarding samples with a grade lower than the boundary grade trapped in the ore body, those greater than or equal to the maximum removal thickness of the interlayer stone should be circled into the ore body, otherwise they should be circled as interlayer stone.

[0034] Preferably, when delineating the reserve level boundary line, it is delineated according to the delineation of the mineral deposit geological exploration specifications, the combined mineral deposit type and its specific mastery level in the comprehensive drawing used for reserve calculation. The specific ore body reserve calculation formula is as follows:

[0035] P = S·M·D·C;

[0036] Where P is the metal reserve of the ore body, S is the area of ​​the ore surface, M is the average thickness of the ore body, D is the average bulk density of the ore, and C is the average grade of the ore.

[0037] Preferably, in the process of calculating the average thickness M of the ore body, the following conditions exist:

[0038] (1) When the borehole is drilled perpendicular to the thickness of the ore body, the true thickness of the ore body can be calculated by the following formula:

[0039]

[0040] Where, L is the true measured core length, N is the core utilization rate. If the core utilization rate is 100%, the true thickness of the ore body is the core length, which can be obtained by indirectly measuring the core length.

[0041] (2) When the inclination direction of the drill hole is perpendicular to the direction of the ore body, the following conversion can be used:

[0042]

[0043] Where L is the actual measured core length, N is the core adoption rate, β is the inclination of the ore body, and a is the ground angle when the borehole cuts through the ore body.

[0044] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by re-drilling a hole at the original position of the drill hole where no ore is found or extending downward according to the grid degree at a certain engineering spacing, accurate delineation can be achieved without missing the ore body extending below. When the ore found in the last drill hole along the dip is very thick, especially when the ore body is in the shape of a "bamboo shoot" or a "capsule", the authenticity of the mineral data can be improved through careful processing, so that the ore body delineation is more accurate and closer to the real state. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0046] Figure 1 This is a comparison diagram of the ore body before and after the supplementary survey of a certain exploration line profile. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment proposes a method for delineating an ore body by drilling, comprising the following steps:

[0049] S1: Determine the general trend of the ore body based on ore body outcrops, geological analysis or mountain engineering;

[0050] S2: Determine the direction of the exploration line according to the general trend of the ore body. When arranging the exploration line in the exploration area, firstly, choose the appropriate arrangement method according to the changes in the rock formation occurrence and geological structure characteristics of the exploration area, then correctly arrange the lines on the topographic geological map of the exploration area according to the determined exploration line distance, and then arrange the exploration project on the line. The exploration line should be as perpendicular as possible to the basic trend of the stratum and the direction of the main structural line. The angle between the exploration line direction and the stratum trend and the main structural line direction should be greater than 75°;

[0051] S3: According to the direction of the exploration line, exploration trenches, shallow wells, boreholes and other prospecting projects shall be arranged on the exploration line. The layout of the exploration line shall make full use of the original geological results, such as real-time profiles, exploration trenches, geophysical lines, etc., for inspection and comparison. The layout of the leading exploration line shall generally be in the section with representative geological structure in the exploration area, so as to obtain the complete profile of the strata in the exploration area and the controlling structural form;

[0052] S4: In the shallow part, according to the ore-seeking conditions of trenches, shallow wells, and drill holes, the records are directly reflected on the exploration line profile;

[0053] S5: At depth, the ore bodies between the drill holes that have ore are normally connected according to the natural type and industrial grade of the ore. When processing the connection between the last drill hole that has ore and the first drill hole that has not ore along the dip, the following situations need to be considered:

[0054] (1) When the actual distance between the actual construction position of the drilling hole and the exploration line, that is, the distance of the deviation line, is greater than 1 / 3 of the distance of the exploration line, the information of the ore point or the absence of ore is for reference only;

[0055] (2) When the last drill hole along the dip shows thick ore, especially when the ore body is in the shape of a "bamboo shoot" or "sac", the connection between the ore bodies between the first drill holes without ore should be handled with caution. This should be done by the technical person in charge and experienced geological technicians.

[0056] (3) Further verify and proofread the technical data of the first drill hole where no ore was found, and analyze the reasons why no ore was found;

[0057] (4) Drill another hole at the original location of the drill hole where no ore is found or at a certain engineering spacing extending downward according to the grid, so as to accurately delineate the ore body without missing the ore body extending below;

[0058] S6: Delineate the ore body according to the entry and exit points of each drill hole on the exploration line profile. When delineating the ore body, it is necessary to determine the ore body boundary base point, and then draw the boundary line through the base point. The boundary line of the ore body must include the zero point boundary line, the mineable boundary line and the reserve level boundary line.

[0059] The whole process involves re-drilling a hole at the original location of the drill hole where no ore was found or extending downward according to the grid at a certain engineering spacing, so as to achieve accurate delineation without missing the ore body extending below. When the ore found in the last drill hole along the dip is very thick, especially when the ore body is in the shape of a "bamboo shoot" or "capsule", careful processing can improve the authenticity of the mining data and make the ore body delineation more accurate and closer to the actual state.

[0060] Furthermore, when defining the zero point boundary line, there are two situations:

[0061] (1) When one of two adjacent boreholes contains ore while the other does not, the boundary zero point is located between the two holes and is determined by the midpoint line method;

[0062] (2) When ore is found in the drill holes at the edge of the ore body and there are no more drill holes outside it, the ore body is determined by inferring outward from the drill holes at the edge of the ore body through the infinite extrapolation method.

[0063] Furthermore, when delineating the mineable boundary line, it is determined by the minimum mineable thickness and the lowest industrial grade. The specific method is to delineate the mineable ore body on two drill holes that are exposed in the circular direction along the thickness of the ore body, and then delineate it using samples that are equal to or less than the boundary grade based on the sample analysis data. As for samples with a grade lower than the boundary grade trapped in the ore body, those that are greater than or equal to the maximum removal thickness of the interlayer rock should be circled into the ore body, otherwise they should be circled as interlayer rock.

[0064] Furthermore, when delineating the reserve level boundary line, the boundary line is delineated according to the delineation of the mineral deposit geological exploration specifications, the combined mineral deposit type and its specific mastery level in the comprehensive drawing used for reserve calculation. The specific ore body reserve calculation formula is as follows:

[0065] P = S·M·D·C;

[0066] Where P is the metal reserve of the ore body, S is the area of ​​the ore surface, M is the average thickness of the ore body, D is the average bulk density of the ore, and C is the average grade of the ore.

[0067] Furthermore, in the process of calculating the average thickness M of the ore body, the following situations exist:

[0068] (1) When the borehole is drilled perpendicular to the thickness of the ore body, the true thickness of the ore body can be calculated by the following formula:

[0069]

[0070] Where, L is the true measured core length, N is the core utilization rate. If the core utilization rate is 100%, the true thickness of the ore body is the core length, which can be obtained by indirectly measuring the core length.

[0071] (2) When the inclination direction of the drill hole is perpendicular to the direction of the ore body, the following conversion can be used:

[0072]

[0073] Where L is the actual measured core length, N is the core adoption rate, β is the inclination of the ore body, and a is the ground angle when the borehole cuts through the ore body.

[0074] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for delineating an ore body by drilling, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Determine the general trend of the ore body based on ore body outcrops, geological analysis or mountain engineering; S2: Determine the direction of the exploration line based on the general trend of the ore body; S3: Arrange exploration trenches, shallow wells, drilling holes and other prospecting projects on the exploration line according to the direction of the exploration line; S4: In the shallow part, according to the ore-seeking conditions of trenches, shallow wells, and drill holes, the records are directly reflected on the exploration line profile; S5: At depth, the ore bodies between the drill holes that have ore are normally connected according to the natural type and industrial grade of the ore. When processing the connection between the last drill hole that has ore and the first drill hole that has not ore along the dip, the following situations need to be considered: (1) When the actual distance between the actual construction position of the drilling hole and the exploration line, that is, the distance of the deviation line, is greater than 1 / 3 of the distance of the exploration line, the information of the ore point or the absence of ore is for reference only; (2) When the last drill hole along the dip shows thick ore, especially when the ore body is in the shape of a "bamboo shoot" or "sac", the connection between the ore bodies between the first drill holes without ore should be handled with caution. This should be done by the technical person in charge and experienced geological technicians. (3) Further verify and proofread the technical data of the first drill hole where no ore was found, and analyze the reasons why no ore was found; (4) Drill another hole at the original location of the drill hole where no ore is found or at a certain engineering spacing extending downward according to the grid, so as to accurately delineate the ore body without missing the ore body extending below; S6: Delineate the ore body based on the entry and exit points of each drill hole on the exploration line profile.

2. A method for delineating an ore body by drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: When arranging exploration lines in an exploration area, firstly, we should select a suitable arrangement method according to the changes in the rock formation occurrence and geological structure characteristics of the exploration area, then correctly lay out the lines on the topographic and geological map of the exploration area according to the determined exploration line distance, and then arrange the exploration project on the line.

3. A method for delineating an ore body by drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exploration line should be as perpendicular as possible to the basic trend of the stratum and the direction of the main structural line. The angle between the exploration line direction and the stratum trend and the main structural line direction should be greater than 75°.

4. A method for delineating an ore body by drilling according to claim 3, characterized in that: The layout of the exploration lines should make full use of the original geological results, such as real-time profiles, exploration trenches, geophysical lines, etc., for the purpose of inspection and comparison. The layout of the dominant exploration lines should generally be in areas with representative geological structures in the exploration area, with the principle of obtaining a complete profile of the strata in the exploration area and the controlling structural morphology.

5. The method for delineating an ore body by drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S6, when delineating an ore body, it is necessary to determine the base points of the ore body boundary, and then draw boundary lines through the base points. The boundary lines of the ore body must include a zero point boundary line, a mineable boundary line, and a reserve level boundary line.

6. A method for delineating an ore body by drilling according to claim 5, characterized in that: There are two situations when delineating the zero point boundary line: (1) When one of two adjacent boreholes contains ore while the other does not, the boundary zero point is located between the two holes and is determined by the midpoint line method; (2) When ore is found in the drill holes at the edge of the ore body and there are no more drill holes outside it, the ore body is determined by inferring outward from the drill holes at the edge of the ore body through the infinite extrapolation method.

7. A method for delineating an ore body by drilling according to claim 5, characterized in that: When delineating the mineable boundary line, it is determined by the minimum mineable thickness and the lowest industrial grade. The specific method is to delineate the mineable ore body on two drill holes that are exposed in the circular direction along the thickness of the ore body, and then delineate it using samples that are equal to or less than the boundary grade based on the sample analysis data. For samples with a grade lower than the boundary grade that are sandwiched in the ore body, those that are greater than or equal to the maximum removal thickness of the interlayer should be circled into the ore body, otherwise they should be circled as interlayer stones.

8. A method for delineating an ore body by drilling according to claim 5, characterized in that: When delineating the reserve level boundary line, it is delineated according to the delineation of the mineral deposit geological exploration specifications, combined with the mineral deposit type and its specific mastery level on the comprehensive drawing used for reserve calculation. The specific ore body reserve calculation formula is as follows: P = S·M·D·C; Where P is the metal reserve of the ore body, S is the area of ​​the ore surface, M is the average thickness of the ore body, D is the average bulk density of the ore, and C is the average grade of the ore.

9. A method for delineating an ore body by drilling according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the process of calculating the average thickness M of the ore body, the following situations exist: (1) When the borehole is drilled perpendicular to the thickness of the ore body, the true thickness of the ore body can be calculated by the following formula: Where, L is the true measured core length, N is the core utilization rate. If the core utilization rate is 100%, the true thickness of the ore body is the core length, which can be obtained by indirectly measuring the core length. (2) When the inclination direction of the drill hole is perpendicular to the direction of the ore body, the following conversion can be used: Where L is the actual measured core length, N is the core adoption rate, β is the inclination of the ore body, and a is the ground angle when the borehole cuts through the ore body.

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