College 4-level energy consumption metering system based on LoRaWAN

Abstract

The invention relates to a college 4-level energy consumption metering system based on LoRaWAN, the system comprises a plurality of total gateways, a plurality of layer gateways and a plurality of intelligent terminals, a college building comprises a plurality of floors, each college building is provided with one total gateway, each floor of the college building is provided with one layer gateway and a plurality of intelligent terminals, and the intelligent terminals are connected with the total gateways. The intelligent terminals of the same floor are in communication connection with the floor gateways, the floor gateways of different floors are in communication connection with the total gateway of the same college building, frequency points are reasonably distributed among the floor gateways, the communication interval is prolonged, or uplink channels and downlink channels of the floor gateways are separated, and the uploading time of the floor gateways is fixed. According to the invention, the frequency points are reasonably distributed between the layer gateways and the communication interval is prolonged, or the uplink channels and the downlink channels of the layer gateways are separated and the uploading time of the layer gateways is fixed, so that the conditions of frequency crossing and uplink channel congestion between the layer gateways are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy consumption metering, and in particular to a level 4 energy consumption metering system for colleges and universities based on LoRaWAN. Background Art

[0002] The main types of buildings in the energy consumption system of universities and colleges are teaching buildings, laboratory buildings, administrative office buildings, etc. The main electrical equipment is lighting, air conditioning, laboratory facilities, scientific instruments, etc. This type of building generally uses an intranet, so the cost of achieving Level 4 energy consumption in universities is very high. This leads to most universities only achieving Level 3 energy consumption, that is (the power consumption is only monitored to the floor distribution box). However, this will bring a problem. If the lighting and air conditioning are turned off after a classroom is left, it will cause energy waste. Therefore, it is very important for universities to achieve Level 4 energy consumption.

[0003] The invention patent with publication number CN117709612A discloses a digital campus energy consumption management platform, including an energy consumption supervision system, which monitors and measures the energy consumption in the campus; also includes a central control system, which analyzes and processes the monitoring and metering data uploaded by the energy consumption supervision system, and adjusts the operation of the energy consuming equipment according to the analysis and processing results; also includes a cloud system, which statistically analyzes the monitoring and metering analysis and processing data and the energy consuming equipment operation adjustment data reported by the central control system, and performs cloud-based regulation on the operation of the energy consuming equipment. The central control system of this patent analyzes and processes the monitoring and metering data uploaded by the energy consumption supervision system, and adjusts the operation of the energy consuming equipment according to the analysis and processing results; the cloud system statistically analyzes the monitoring and metering analysis and processing data and the energy consuming equipment operation adjustment data reported by the central control system, and performs cloud-based regulation on the operation of the energy consuming equipment. In order to ensure the reliability of the results, this patent needs to arrange many sensors, which will increase additional wiring. At the same time, too many transmissions will cause cross-frequency and channel congestion.

[0004] Therefore, it is an urgent problem to provide a LoRaWAN-based university level 4 energy consumption metering system that can avoid frequency crosstalk and reduce channel congestion. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a level 4 energy consumption metering system for colleges and universities based on LoRaWAN.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, a LoRaWAN-based 4-level energy consumption metering system for colleges and universities is provided, the system counts the energy consumption of college buildings, the system includes multiple general gateways, multiple layer gateways and multiple intelligent terminals, the general gateways and layer gateways are embedded in LoRaWAN, the college building includes multiple floors, each college building is provided with a general gateway, each floor of the college building is provided with a layer gateway and multiple intelligent terminals, the intelligent terminals and the layer gateways on the same floor are communicated and connected, the layer gateways on different floors are communicated and connected with the general gateway of the same college building, the frequencies are reasonably allocated between the layer gateways and the communication interval is extended, or the uplink channel and the downlink channel of the layer gateway are separated and the upload time of the layer gateway is fixed.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, the upload time of the layer gateway is calculated by the following formula:

[0009] H=A+x×y×z×w

[0010] Among them, A is the basic time, in hours; y is the maximum number of layer gateways connected to the same general gateway; z is the maximum number of smart terminals connected to the same layer gateway; x is the layer gateway upload sequence number; w is the smart terminal upload interval, in seconds.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the basic time is based on 0 o'clock every day.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the system includes a PZ30 distribution box and a circuit breaker. The PZ30 distribution box is installed in the floor, the circuit breaker is installed in the PZ30 distribution box, and the circuit breaker is connected to the intelligent terminal.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the floor includes multiple classrooms, and the classrooms include a lighting circuit, an air-conditioning circuit and a socket circuit, and the lighting circuit, air-conditioning circuit and socket circuit are respectively connected to the circuit breaker.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the layer gateways on adjacent floors use different frequencies.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the frequency includes 40 channels.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the downlink channel adopts a round-robin method.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution, the downlink channel is copied at predetermined intervals.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution, the communication mode of the uplink channel is LoRaWAN.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The present invention avoids frequency crossover and uplink channel congestion between layer gateways by reasonably allocating frequencies between layer gateways and extending the communication interval, or by separating the uplink channel and the downlink channel of the layer gateway and fixing the upload time of the layer gateway.

[0021] 2. The present invention determines the final upload time by using the basic time, the maximum number of layer gateways connected to the same general gateway, the maximum number of intelligent terminals connected to the same layer gateway and the layer gateway upload sequence number, and takes 0:00 every day as the benchmark, separates the upload time of the layer gateways, and avoids congestion.

[0022] 3. The wiring cost of the present invention is low. No wiring is required in the classrooms or floors. Only the main gateway wiring is required.

[0023] 4. The instrument monitoring equipment of the present invention has low cost, and adopts the solution of intelligent terminal for measurement at the end, without the need to install a multi-function meter, and the intelligent terminal can be directly installed under an ordinary circuit breaker. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a network connection schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of uploading time configuration of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the gateway configuration of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a network communication time effect diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] The main types of buildings in the energy consumption system of universities and colleges are teaching buildings, laboratory buildings, administrative office buildings, etc. The main electrical equipment is lighting, air conditioning, laboratory facilities, scientific instruments, etc. This type of building generally uses an intranet, so the cost of achieving level 4 energy consumption in colleges and universities is very high. This leads to most colleges and universities only achieving level 3 energy consumption, that is, (the power consumption monitored is only monitored to the floor distribution box), but this will bring a problem. If the lighting and air conditioning are turned off after a classroom is left, it will cause energy waste, so it is very important for colleges and universities to achieve level 4 energy consumption. Too many simultaneous transmissions will cause cross-frequency and channel congestion.

[0030] The present invention provides a 4-level energy consumption metering system for colleges and universities based on LoRaWAN; the present invention reasonably allocates frequency points between layer gateways and extends the communication interval, or separates the uplink channel and downlink channel of the layer gateway and fixes the upload time of the layer gateway, thereby avoiding the situation of frequency crossover and uplink channel congestion between layer gateways. The present invention determines the final upload time based on the basic time, the maximum number of layer gateways connected to the same general gateway, the maximum number of intelligent terminals connected to the same layer gateway and the layer gateway upload sequence number, and takes 0 o'clock every day as the benchmark, separates the upload time of the layer gateway, and avoids congestion. The wiring cost of the present invention is low, and no wiring is required in the classroom or on the floor, only the general gateway wiring is required. The instrument monitoring equipment of the present invention is low in cost, and the solution of the intelligent terminal is used for measurement at the very end, without the need to install a multi-function meter, and the intelligent terminal can be directly installed under an ordinary circuit breaker.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, a LoRaWAN-based university 4-level energy consumption metering system, the system counts the energy consumption of university buildings, the system includes multiple general gateways, multiple layer gateways and multiple intelligent terminals, the general gateway and the layer gateway are embedded in LoRaWAN, the university building includes multiple floors, each university building is provided with a general gateway, each floor of the university building is provided with a layer gateway and multiple intelligent terminals, the intelligent terminals and the layer gateways on the same floor are communicated and connected, the layer gateways on different floors are communicated and connected to the general gateway of the same university building, the frequency points are reasonably allocated between the layer gateways and the communication interval is extended, or the uplink channel and the downlink channel of the layer gateway are separated and the upload time of the layer gateway is fixed.

[0033] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the upload time of the layer gateway is calculated by the following formula:

[0034] H=A+x×y×z×w

[0035] Among them, A is the basic time, in hours; y is the maximum number of layer gateways connected to the same general gateway; z is the maximum number of smart terminals connected to the same layer gateway; x is the layer gateway upload sequence number; w is the smart terminal upload interval, in seconds. The basic time is based on 0:00 every day.

[0036] In this embodiment, a university building has one main gateway; a university building includes 6 floors, that is, there are 6 layer gateways; each floor has 30 smart terminals, that is, the smart terminals send information to the layer gateways on their floors, and the layer gateways send information to the main gateways after receiving the data. Taking 0 o'clock every day as the reference time for uploading, set the upload sequence number between each layer gateway and arrange them in sequence; set the layer gateway sequence number of the first floor to 1, the layer gateway sequence number of the second floor to 2, and so on;

[0037] The upload time of the gateway on the first floor is: A is 0 o'clock, x is 1, y is 6, z is 30, w is 5s, 0+30*5s (the reporting time of each floor gateway)*6*1=15 minutes, that is, the first report is at 0:15;

[0038] The upload time of the second floor gateway is: A is 0 o'clock, x is 2, y is 6, z is 30, w is 5s, 0+30*5s (the reporting time of each floor gateway)*6*2=30 minutes, that is, 0:30 reporting. The upload of other layer gateways is similar. According to the measured data: set the upload interval to 5s, or increase the time to reduce the possibility of congestion. Each smart terminal is connected to a loop, and the amount of data uploaded by each loop is about 100 bytes. The amount of data uploaded on each floor is 100*3*10=3000 bytes. Normally, a packet of data cannot directly transmit 3000 bytes, and it needs to be uploaded in packets. According to 1 packet of data for 1 smart terminal, it takes about 5s to upload 1 packet of data to the LoRaWAN server.

[0039] The system includes a PZ30 distribution box and a circuit breaker. The PZ30 distribution box is installed in a floor. The circuit breaker is installed in the PZ30 distribution box. The circuit breaker is connected to an intelligent terminal.

[0040] The floor includes a plurality of classrooms, and the classrooms include a lighting circuit, an air-conditioning circuit, and a socket circuit, and the lighting circuit, the air-conditioning circuit, and the socket circuit are respectively connected to an air switch.

[0041] In this embodiment, LoRa's smart terminal is used to monitor the terminal power circuit, which is directly placed in the PZ30 box, and then a LoRa-to-LoRaWAN floor gateway is arranged on the first floor, and then uploaded to the main gateway through LoRaWAN. Generally, a main gateway is placed in two buildings, and then connected to the server of the university intranet through the main gateway. In this way, the scheme only needs to install the smart terminal directly at the lower end of the ordinary air switch at the end, without the need for external expansion boxes and leads. Secondly, a floor gateway is configured on the first floor, so that only 6-10 floor gateways are needed for a building. Finally, the uplink communication uses LoRaWAN without wiring. It only needs to install a main gateway on the top of every two buildings to transmit data to the university intranet server through Ethernet. There is basically no difficulty in wiring construction. There are 10 laboratories on each floor, and each classroom monitors at least 3 circuits: lighting circuit, air conditioning circuit, and socket circuit. Generally, there are more than 1 lighting circuit and socket circuit.

[0042] The layer gateways of adjacent floors use different frequencies. The frequencies include 40 channels. The downlink channel uses a round-robin copying method. The downlink channel is copied at predetermined intervals. The communication method of the uplink channel is LoRaWAN.

[0043] In this embodiment, the frequencies are reasonably allocated between different floor gateways. The main frequencies used by LoRa in the 470 frequency band are 470-510, that is, 40 channels. Since there are only 5-10 gateways in each building, the frequencies of adjacent buildings do not use the same frequency channels. This ensures that there is no cross-frequency or data collision between floor gateways. Secondly, the communication interval is lengthened, and the downlink LoRa communication of the floor gateway adopts a round-robin method, while the energy consumption metering basically only requires copying 1 loop data in 2 minutes. In this way, if a packet of data is 100 bytes, it will take up 138ms in the air. In this way, in 2 minutes, only 140ms of the sub-device is occupied, which greatly reduces the possibility of device collision.

[0044] like Figure 4 The following is a screenshot of the software interface for calculating the theoretical time of LoRa of sx1261. Assuming that 100 bytes of information need to be uploaded, enter 100 in Payload Length, and 138.496ms will be displayed in Time on Air. The upload time in the air is 138.496ms.

[0045] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, and these modifications or replacements should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A 4-level energy consumption metering system for colleges and universities based on LoRaWAN, the system counts the energy consumption of college buildings, the system includes multiple general gateways, multiple layer gateways and multiple intelligent terminals, the general gateways and layer gateways are embedded in LoRaWAN, the college buildings include multiple floors, characterized in that, A main gateway is set up in each university building, and a layer gateway and multiple intelligent terminals are set up on each floor of the university building. The intelligent terminals on the same floor are communicated with the layer gateway, and the layer gateways on different floors are communicated with the main gateway of the same university building. The frequencies are reasonably allocated between the layer gateways and the communication interval is extended, or the uplink channel and the downlink channel of the layer gateway are separated and the upload time of the layer gateway is fixed.

2. According to a LoRaWAN-based university level 4 energy consumption metering system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: The upload time of the layer gateway is calculated by the following formula: H=A+x×y×z×w Among them, A is the basic time, in hours; y is the maximum number of layer gateways connected to the same general gateway; z is the maximum number of smart terminals connected to the same layer gateway; x is the layer gateway upload sequence number; w is the smart terminal upload interval, in seconds.

3. According to a LoRaWAN-based university level 4 energy consumption metering system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: The basic time is based on 0:00 every day.

4. According to a LoRaWAN-based university level 4 energy consumption metering system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: The system includes a PZ30 distribution box and a circuit breaker. The PZ30 distribution box is installed in a floor. The circuit breaker is installed in the PZ30 distribution box. The circuit breaker is connected to an intelligent terminal.

5. According to the LoRaWAN-based university level 4 energy consumption metering system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: The floor includes a plurality of classrooms, and the classrooms include a lighting circuit, an air-conditioning circuit, and a socket circuit, and the lighting circuit, the air-conditioning circuit, and the socket circuit are respectively connected to an air switch.

6. The LoRaWAN-based university level 4 energy consumption metering system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The layer gateways on adjacent floors use different frequencies.

7. The LoRaWAN-based university level 4 energy consumption metering system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The frequencies include 40 channels.

8. The LoRaWAN-based university level 4 energy consumption metering system according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The downlink channel adopts a round-robin method.

9. The LoRaWAN-based university level 4 energy consumption metering system according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The downlink channel is copied every predetermined time.

10. The LoRaWAN-based university level 4 energy consumption metering system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication mode of the uplink channel is LoRaWAN.

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