Shallow-layer saline-alkali-resistant sowing method for saline-alkali soil test field

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali soil planting, and particularly relates to a saline-alkali soil test field shallow-layer saline-alkali-resistant sowing method which comprises the following steps: performing rotary tillage leveling operation on soil of a field; a paper support wrapped with a water-retaining agent is applied into the plough layer soil, and the water-retaining agent forms a water-retaining area in the soil; sowing is conducted in the plough layer, and the sowing position is located above the water retention area. The sowing method can reduce evaporation of water in soil, improve the utilization rate of water and fertilizer by crops and reduce the application amount of the fertilizer, so that the salinization degree of the soil is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali land planting, and in particular relates to a shallow layer salt-alkali resistant sowing method for a saline-alkali land test field. Background Art

[0002] my country's saline-alkali lands are usually located in arid and semi-arid areas. Due to the small amount of precipitation and large amount of evaporation, the salt dissolved in the water tends to accumulate on the soil surface, affecting the normal growth of crops. The traditional way to solve land salinization is to drain salt from the soil through leaching. Since leaching will cause the fertility of the soil to decrease, fertilization is often done by increasing the amount of fertilizer applied to replenish the fertility of the soil, which can easily lead to excessive fertilization and thus salt accumulation in the soil. On the other hand, due to climatic reasons, the water in saline-alkali lands is easily evaporated, causing drought and salt accumulation on the soil surface during crop growth, affecting the normal growth of crops. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a shallow salt-alkali resistant sowing method in a saline-alkali land experimental field, which can reduce the evaporation of water in the soil, improve the utilization rate of water and fertilizer by crops, reduce the application amount of fertilizer, and thus effectively slow down the degree of soil salinization.

[0004] The specific technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A shallow salt-alkali resistant sowing method for a saline-alkali land experimental field comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1. Rotary tillage and leveling of the soil in the field;

[0007] S2. Apply paper trays wrapped with water retaining agent into the tillage layer soil, and the water retaining agent forms a water retaining zone in the soil;

[0008] S3. Sowing is carried out in the tillage layer, and the sowing position is above the water retention area.

[0009] The step S2 is implemented with the aid of a water-retaining agent application device, which includes a support unit and a pressing unit. The pressing unit is located at the rear side of the support unit. The pressing unit includes a vertical pole, a pressing head and a pressing plate respectively arranged on the vertical pole. The pressing head is located at the lower end of the vertical pole, and the pressing plate is located at the upper end of the pressing head and is arranged with a gap between the pressing head and the pressing plate. The pressing head passes through the paper support, and the pressing plate and the pressing head form a clamping fit for the paper support.

[0010] The pressing head is of a cone-shaped structure.

[0011] The paper holder is in a pocket-shaped structure with a sunken middle portion, and the water retaining agent is located in the paper holder of the pocket-shaped structure.

[0012] The edges of the paper support gather toward the middle to form a pocket-shaped structure with the middle part sinking. A gathering ring is provided at the upper end of the paper support. The gathering ring is bonded to the edge of the paper support to maintain the pocket-shaped structure of the paper support. A truncated cone section matching the gathering ring is provided on the vertical pole, and the small diameter end of the truncated cone section is arranged downward.

[0013] The support unit includes a pair of sliding rods, which are respectively located on both sides of the gathering ring and are arranged obliquely downward. The gathering ring is provided with a convex edge, and the gathering ring is mounted on the sliding rod with the help of the convex edge. The vertical rod is arranged on the rotating wheel and arranged in a circular array along the rotating wheel. The vertical rod is matched with the paper support at the end of the sliding rod to push the paper support off the sliding rod.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] Before sowing, the present invention arranges a paper tray matching the crop seeds in the tillage layer, and the paper tray contains a water retaining agent. The water retaining agent is used to absorb and store the water and nutrients in the soil, and slowly releases them so that the crops can fully absorb them, thereby improving the utilization rate of water and fertilizer by the crops. The water retaining agent improves the ability of the soil to retain water and fertilizer, reduces the evaporation of water in the soil, and effectively slows down the degree of soil salinization.

[0016] The process of paper trays being put into the soil is achieved with the help of a water retainer application device, which presses the paper trays into the loose soil after rotary tillage through the cooperation of the vertical pole and the pressing head and the pressing plate on the vertical pole. During the rising process of the vertical pole, the pressing head lifts the middle part of the paper tray upward, so that the pocket-shaped paper tray opens into a bowl shape. The cavity of the bowl-shaped paper tray is provided with water retainer and soil, providing coverage and water and fertilizer for the seeds. During the rising process of the vertical pole, the soil slides down, forming a depression above the paper tray, which is convenient for the staff to identify the position of the paper tray and sow the seeds above the paper tray, so that the seeds can fully absorb the water and fertilizer absorbed by the water retainer, effectively saving the amount of irrigation and fertilization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the working process of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the state of the paper support on the slide bar;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the paper support and the gathering ring;

[0020] In the attached drawings, 1, paper support, 2, vertical pole, 3, pressing head, 4, pressing plate, 5, gathering ring, 6, sliding rod, 7, convex edge, 8, rotating wheel, 9, frustum section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0022] Specific embodiment, this embodiment relates to a shallow salt-alkali resistance sowing method for a saline-alkali land experimental field, comprising the following steps:

[0023] S1. The soil of the field is rotary tilled and leveled; the rotary tillage and leveling operation is used to cut off the capillary connection between the tillage layer and the lower soil layer, reduce water evaporation, and inhibit salt backflow. On the other hand, it makes the soil of the tillage layer loose and flat, reduces the soil surface area, and facilitates the paper tray 1 wrapped with the water retaining agent to be pressed into the soil and maintained at the same height, thereby keeping the water retaining agent at a fixed distance from the sowing position.

[0024] S2. A paper tray 1 wrapped with a water retaining agent is applied into the cultivated soil layer, and the water retaining agent forms a water retaining zone in the soil. The water retaining agent is an agricultural and forestry water retaining agent, which can repeatedly absorb and release water to make the water retaining zone sufficient in moisture, inhibit the evaporation of water in the soil, and at the same time fix the water-soluble fertilizer to continuously provide the crops with the moisture and nutrients required for growth, reduce the leaching loss of soluble nutrients, and effectively improve the utilization rate of water and fertilizer, thereby reducing the amount of fertilizer applied, avoiding excessive fertilizer pollution of groundwater and aggravating surface salinization; on the other hand, it reduces the upward backflow of groundwater, further reduces the degree of soil salinization, and ensures the normal growth of crops; with the help of the paper tray 1 to wrap the water retaining agent, there is no need to dig trenches or cover the soil, and the paper tray 1 with the water retaining agent can be pressed into the soil by just pressing.

[0025] S3. Sowing is carried out in the tillage layer. The sowing position is located above the water retention area. The water retention area gathers water and nutrients around the seeds by absorbing water, which makes it easier for the seeds to fully absorb the water and nutrients absorbed by the water retainer, improve the utilization rate of water and fertilizer by the crop root system, effectively reduce the amount of fertilizer and irrigation water, and achieve water and fertilizer saving. There is no need to lay the water retainer in the entire test field. The water retainer is only set below the sowing position to effectively reduce the application amount of the water retainer.

[0026] Step S2 of the present invention is implemented by means of a water retaining agent application device, such as Figure 1 As shown, the water-retaining agent application device includes a support unit and a pressing unit. The pressing unit is located at the rear side of the support unit. The pressing unit includes a vertical rod 2, a pressing head 3 and a pressing plate 4 respectively arranged on the vertical rod 2. The pressing head 3 is located at the lower end of the vertical rod 2, and the pressing plate 4 is located at the upper end of the pressing head 3 and is arranged with a gap between the pressing head 3 and the pressing plate 4. The pressing head 3 passes through the paper support 1, and the pressing plate 4 and the pressing head 3 form a clamping fit for the paper support 1.

[0027] During operation, the paper support 1 with the water retaining agent is supplied to the pressing unit by the placing unit, and the paper supports 1 are arranged with gaps, and the pressing unit presses the paper support 1 into the soil. Specifically, the vertical rod 2 contacts the middle part of the paper support 1 from top to bottom and continues to press down. During the pressing process, the pressing head 3 pierces the paper support 1 and passes through the paper support 1. The puncture of the paper support 1 by the pressing head 3 is torn into a petal shape. After the pressing head 3 passes through the paper support 1, the paper support 1 is located between the pressing head 3 and the pressing plate 4. The pressing head 3 and the pressing plate 4 clamp the paper support 1. The vertical rod 2 continues to move downward, and the paper support 1 is clamped and pressed into the soil by the pressing head 3 and the pressing plate 4. In the soil, until it reaches the preset depth; during the downward pressing process of the paper tray 1, the soil slides into the paper tray 1, thus filling the cavity of the paper tray 1; then the vertical pole 2 rises, and the pressing head 3 and the pressing plate 4 clamp the middle part of the paper tray 1 and move upward. Under the pressure of the soil, the pressing head 3 and the paper tray 1 are in relative use, and the paper tray 1 remains in the soil. The pressing head 3 rises upward with the vertical pole 2 and separates from the paper tray 1. The soil continues to slide and covers the paper tray 1, and at the same time, a depression is formed above the paper tray 1, which makes it easy for the staff to identify the location of the paper tray 1, so as to sow the crop seeds into the soil along the depression. The water retaining agent in the paper tray 1 forms a water retention area in the soil, absorbs water and fertilizer below the seeds, and facilitates the downward growth of the crop roots.

[0028] Preferably, the pressing head 3 is in a conical structure with a small lower end and a large upper end. The lower end of the pressing head 3 first contacts the paper support 1 and can smoothly penetrate the paper support 1 during the pressing process.

[0029] The paper holder 1 is in a pocket-shaped structure with a sunken middle portion, and the water retaining agent is located in the paper holder 1 of the pocket-shaped structure.

[0030] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, the edges of the paper support 1 gather toward the middle to form a pocket-shaped structure with a sunken middle part. Preferably, the paper support 1 is rectangular, and the center lines of the four edges of the paper support 1 are the folding lines of the edges. The folding lines of the edges are folded inwardly. A gathering ring 5 is provided at the upper end of the paper support 1. The gathering ring 5 is bonded to the edge of the paper support 1 to maintain the pocket-shaped structure of the paper support 1 and prevent the water-retaining agent from spilling out of the paper support 1; a truncated cone segment 9 matching the gathering ring 5 is provided on the vertical rod 2, and the small diameter end of the truncated cone segment 9 is downwardly arranged. When the vertical rod 2 is pressed down, the small diameter end of the truncated cone segment 9 is inserted into the gathering ring 5. As the vertical rod 2 moves downward, the paper support 1 is supported by the soil, and the truncated cone segment 9 is relative to the gathering ring 5 continues to descend, the pocket-shaped paper support 1 has a certain support for the gathering ring 5, the truncated cone section 9 continues to descend to support the gathering ring 5 until it breaks, and then the upright pole 2 continues to descend, so that the pressing head 3 contacts the middle part of the paper support 1 for pressing, and when the upright pole 2 rises after the paper support 1 is pressed into the soil, the pressing head 3 and the pressing plate 4 clamp the paper support 1 so that the middle part of the paper support 1 moves upward, and the edge of the paper support 1 opens to form a bowl-shaped structure, and the soil slides into the cavity of the bowl-shaped paper support 1 to form a covering layer for the water retaining agent, and sowing is carried out above the paper support 1. The water retaining agent in the paper support 1 is located around the seeds and provides water and nutrients for the germination and growth of crops, effectively reducing the amount of water retaining agent used.

[0031] Furthermore, the support unit includes a pair of slide bars 6, which are respectively located on both sides of the gathering ring 5 and are arranged obliquely downward. The gathering ring 5 is provided with a convex edge 7, and the gathering ring 5 is mounted on the slide bar 6 with the aid of the convex edge 7. The vertical rod 2 is arranged on the rotating wheel 8 and arranged in a circular array along the rotating wheel 8. The vertical rod 2 is matched with the paper support 1 at the end of the slide bar 6 to pull the paper support 1 off the slide bar 6. During the movement of the water-retaining agent application device, the staff will place the gathering ring 5 on the paper support 1 between the two slide bars 6, and the convex edge 7 is mounted on the slide bar 6. Since the slide bar 6 is arranged obliquely, the paper support 1 slides along the slide bar 6 toward the rotating wheel 8 with the aid of the cooperation between the convex edge 1 and the slide bar 6. The rotating wheel 8 rotates with the movement of the water-retaining agent application device. During the rotation of the rotating wheel 8, the vertical rod 2 is inserted into the gathering ring 5 on the paper support 1 at the end of the slide bar 6. As the rotating wheel 8 rotates, the vertical rod 2 pulls the paper support 1 out of the slide bar 6.

[0032] The invention relates to a shallow salt-alkali resistant sowing method for a saline-alkali land test field. A paper tray matching crop seeds is arranged in a tillage layer. A water retaining agent is contained in the paper tray. The water retaining agent absorbs and gathers water and nutrients in the soil and stores them, and releases them slowly so that the crops can fully absorb them, thereby improving the utilization rate of water and fertilizer by the crops. The water retaining agent improves the ability of the soil to retain water and fertilizer, reduces the evaporation of water in the soil, and effectively slows down the degree of soil salinization.

Claims

1. A shallow salt-alkali resistant sowing method for a saline-alkali land experimental field, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Rotary tillage and leveling of the soil in the field; S2, applying a paper tray (1) wrapped with a water retaining agent into the tillage layer soil, so that the water retaining agent forms a water retaining zone in the soil; S3. Sowing is carried out in the tillage layer, and the sowing position is above the water retention area.

2. The shallow salt-alkali resistance sowing method for a saline-alkali land experimental field according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step S2 is implemented with the aid of a water-retaining agent application device, the water-retaining agent application device comprising a support unit and a pressing unit, the pressing unit being located at the rear side of the support unit, the pressing unit comprising a vertical rod (2), a pressing head (3) and a pressing plate (4) respectively arranged on the vertical rod (2), the pressing head (3) being located at the lower end of the vertical rod (2), the pressing plate (4) being located at the upper end of the pressing head (3) and being arranged with a gap therebetween, the pressing head (3) passing through the paper support (1), the pressing plate (4) and the pressing head (3) forming a clamping fit for the paper support (1).

3. A method for shallow salt-alkali resistance sowing in a saline-alkali land experimental field according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressing head (3) has a conical structure.

4. The shallow salt-alkali resistance sowing method for a saline-alkali land experimental field according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The paper holder (1) is in the form of a pocket-shaped structure with a sunken middle portion, and the water-retaining agent is located in the paper holder (1) of the pocket-shaped structure.

5. The shallow salt-alkali resistance sowing method for a saline-alkali land experimental field according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The edges of the paper holder (1) gather toward the middle to form a pocket-shaped structure with a sunken middle portion. A gathering ring (5) is provided at the upper end of the paper holder (1). The gathering ring (5) is bonded to the edge of the paper holder (1) to maintain the pocket-shaped structure of the paper holder (1). A truncated cone section (9) matching the gathering ring (5) is provided on the vertical rod (2), and the small diameter end of the truncated cone section (9) is arranged downward.

6. The shallow salt-alkali resistance sowing method for a saline-alkali land experimental field according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The support unit comprises a pair of slide bars (6), the slide bars (6) are respectively located on both sides of the gathering ring (5) and are arranged obliquely downward, the gathering ring (5) is provided with a convex edge (7), the gathering ring (5) is mounted on the slide bar (6) with the aid of the convex edge (7), the vertical rod (2) is arranged on the rotating wheel (8) and is arranged in a circular array along the rotating wheel (8), the vertical rod (2) is matched with the paper support (1) at the end of the slide bar (6) to push the paper support (1) off the slide bar (6).

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