A foliar spraying method for improving the seed plumpness of hybrid rice

Abstract

The present invention discloses a foliar spraying method for improving the plumpness of hybrid rice seeds. The present invention creatively discovers for the first time that by foliar spraying S-ABA, GA3 and salicylic acid during the heading and flowering stage of rice seed production, the plumpness of rice seeds can be effectively improved, thereby improving the seed germination rate, germination index and vigor index. The present invention provides a brand-new and efficient foliar spraying method for improving the plumpness of hybrid rice seeds in the field. This method can not only effectively improve the plumpness of rice seeds, but also has the advantages of high efficiency, short cycle, low cost and simple operation, and has broad application prospects in the technical field of hybrid rice breeding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of rice breeding, and particularly relates to a foliar spraying method for improving the seed filling degree of hybrid rice seeds. Background Art

[0002] Hybrid rice refers to the first-generation hybrid seeds with heterosis produced by crossing two rice varieties with certain genetic differences and complementary excellent traits. The seed filling degree of hybrid rice seeds is generally low, which will affect the germination rate, growth potential and yield of the seeds to a certain extent. The seed filling degree refers to the tightness and plumpness of the internal tissues of the seeds, which directly affects the germination rate and growth of the seeds. The seed filling degree of rice seeds is an important factor affecting the germination rate. Rice seeds with a high filling degree have larger germination rates, germination indices and vigor indices, which is beneficial to improving the seedling quality and population establishment in the rice field. Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field to develop a method that can effectively improve the seed filling degree of hybrid rice seeds.

[0003] Currently, the prior art discloses a method for improving the seed filling degree (Application No.: 202110205059.4, Invention Name: A Cultivation Method for Improving the Filling Degree of Thin-Shelled Tartary Buckwheat). The method includes the following steps: (1) Land preparation: Remove the residues of previous crops and weeds to make the soil surface loose. Use the drilling method with a furrow depth of 10 - 15 cm, a row spacing of 32 - 34 cm, and a length of 2 - 4 m for each bed. Open drainage ditches between the beds; (2) Apply base fertilizer: Apply inorganic fertilizer as base fertilizer at a rate of 240 - 260 kg / hm 2 ; (3) Seed selection: Select thin-shelled tartary buckwheat varieties, remove seeds with empty grains, broken grains, grass grains and impurities, and select relatively plump seeds. Sun the seeds 1 day in advance; (4) Seed soaking: Wash the seeds 3 times with clean water at 27 - 29°C. The amount of soaking water exceeds 3 times the volume of the seeds. Change the water twice during the soaking process and gently rub them during this period to float away the mucus on the seed coat without damaging the seed coat; (5) Sowing: The sowing time is late February for spring sowing and mid-August for autumn sowing. The seed sowing rate is 37 - 38 kg / hm 2 ; (6) Field management: ① Seedling supplementation: Supplement seedlings in time if the emergence situation is not ideal; ② Intertillage and weeding: Weed during the seedling stage of thin-shelled tartary buckwheat; ③ Chemical regulation: Spraying 50 - 250 mg / L of indoleacetic acid on the whole plant during the seedling stage and flowering stage of thin-shelled tartary buckwheat, with a total of 2 sprays. The spraying time is from 9:30 to 11:00 in the morning on a sunny and windless day until water droplets form on the leaves; ④ Top dressing: Apply inorganic fertilizer at a rate of 120 - 130 kg / hm 2 during the filling stage; (7) Harvesting: Harvest when 80% of the thin-shelled tartary buckwheat seeds in the field are mature.

[0004] It can be seen that the methods for improving seed fullness disclosed in the prior art involve various links from sowing to harvesting, which not only have a long cycle, but also are cumbersome to operate, and involve a large number of links, which greatly increases the cost. Therefore, how to effectively improve seed fullness while reducing technical links and workload, and reducing technical costs is still one of the important technical problems that need to be solved in this field. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, in order to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the art, the object of the present invention is to provide a foliar spraying method for improving the seed fullness of hybrid rice.

[0006] The present invention mainly improves the plumpness of rice seeds by foliar spraying of exogenous chemical substances (S-inducing factor, GA3, salicylic acid) during the heading and flowering period of rice seed production, thereby effectively improving the plumpness of rice seeds, and then improving the seed germination rate, germination index and vitality index, providing a new and efficient foliar spraying method for improving the plumpness of hybrid rice seeds in the field.

[0007] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve the above-mentioned invention objectives:

[0008] A first aspect of the present invention provides a foliar spraying method for improving the seed plumpness of hybrid rice.

[0009] Furthermore, the method comprises: in hybrid rice seed production, after the female parent has reached heading, spraying S-absorbent, GA3 and salicylic acid on the leaves.

[0010] Furthermore, the concentration of the S-abortin is 50-100 g / hm 2 The concentration of GA3 is 500-1000 mL / hm 2 The concentration of salicylic acid is 10-50 g / hm 2 .

[0011] Furthermore, the concentration of S-abortin is 75 g / hm 2 The concentration of GA3 is 750 mL / hm 2 The concentration of salicylic acid is 30 g / hm 2 .

[0012] Furthermore, the S-absorbent is a soluble powder with an active ingredient content of 0.5-2.5%, the GA3 is a liquid with an active ingredient content of 1-5%, and the salicylic acid is analytically pure.

[0013] Furthermore, the S-absorbent is a soluble powder with an active ingredient of 1%, and the GA3 is a liquid with an active ingredient of 3%.

[0014] Further, the S-abscisic acid, GA3 and salicylic acid are added into a sprayer according to the concentration, and 225 kg / hm of water is added. 2 After that, 5 drops of Tween are added and then evenly sprayed.

[0015] Further, after the female parent reaches full heading, it is the 5th - 7th day after the female parent reaches full heading;

[0016] Optionally, the foliar spraying of S-abscisic acid, GA3 and salicylic acid is carried out on a windless day;

[0017] Optionally, the time for the foliar spraying of S-abscisic acid, GA3 and salicylic acid is from 16:00 to 19:00 in the afternoon.

[0018] In some embodiments, the hybrid rice seed production refers to the process of using a sterile line (female parent) and a restorer line (male parent) to hybridize through specific techniques and methods to produce hybrid rice seeds with heterosis. This is a key link in the popularization and application of hybrid rice. Among them, the sterile line is a rice line with male sterility. Its own male reproductive organs develop abnormally and cannot produce functional pollen, but the female organs are normal and can receive foreign pollen for fertilization and seed setting. The restorer line is a rice line that can restore the male fertility characteristics of the offspring of the sterile line. When the pollen of the restorer line is pollinated to the sterile line, the seeds (hybrid seeds) obtained are planted, and the male organs of the offspring plants return to normal, can self-pollinate and set seeds, and show heterosis. The present invention has no special limitations on other steps involved in the hybrid rice seed production process except the steps described in the first aspect of the present invention above. Those skilled in the art can operate using the conventional hybrid rice seed production process well-known to those skilled in the art.

[0019] In some embodiments, the hybrid rice seed production generally includes the following processes: land selection and isolation, parent seed preparation, sowing and transplanting, field management, flowering period prediction and regulation, artificial assisted pollination, harvesting and seed treatment.

[0020] Among them, land selection: Select a field with fertile soil, convenient drainage and irrigation, and sufficient sunlight as the seed production base. Good soil conditions can provide sufficient nutrients for the growth of the parents, and convenient drainage and irrigation helps to control the humidity in the field and avoid damage to the plants caused by drought or waterlogging. Isolation: To ensure the purity of the hybrid seeds, isolation planting is required. Spatial isolation requires that no other rice varieties be planted within a certain range (generally more than 200 meters) around the seed production field to prevent the pollen of other rice from cross-pollinating. Time isolation means that by adjusting the sowing time, the flowering period of the hybrid rice for seed production is staggered from the flowering periods of other rice around, and generally requires a difference in flowering periods of more than 20 days. In addition, barrier isolation can also be used.

[0021] Among them, the preparation of parental seeds includes parental selection and parental seed treatment. Parental selection: According to the target traits of the hybrid combination, select male and female parents with excellent characteristics. The male parent should have characteristics such as a large amount of pollen, high pollen viability, and good flowering habits. The female parent is required to have a high stigma exsertion rate, a high outcrossing seed setting rate, and a suitable growth period. Parental seed treatment: Select the parental seeds, remove impurities, shriveled grains, and seeds with diseases and pests to ensure the purity and quality of the seeds. Then sun the seeds, which can improve the germination rate and germination potential of the seeds. After sunning, soak the seeds for disinfection, soak the seeds with a suitable disinfectant to kill the germs on the surface of the seeds, and then carry out germination promotion to make the seeds germinate neatly.

[0022] Among them, sowing: According to the growth period of the parents and the requirement of meeting the flowering period, determine the sowing periods of the male and female parents. Generally, sow the female parent first, and then sow the male parent after a period of time. The sowing rate should be appropriate. Transplanting: Transplant when the seedlings reach the appropriate transplanting leaf age (generally 4 - 6 leaf ages). Adopt a suitable planting method, for example: wide-narrow row planting, which is conducive to ventilation and light transmission and field operations.

[0023] Among them, field management includes fertilization management, water management, and pest and disease control. Fertilization management: Apply fertilizers reasonably according to the growth stages of rice. Water management: Adopt a water management mode of shallow water transplanting, deep water for greening, shallow water for tillering, field drying when the seedlings are sufficient, water for ear formation, and wet-dry for filling the grains. Pest and disease control: Do a good job in the monitoring and control of pests and diseases. Common diseases include rice blast, sheath blight, etc. They can be prevented through agricultural measures such as selecting disease-resistant varieties, reasonable close planting, and scientific fertilization. When the disease occurs, chemical agents such as tricyclazole (for controlling rice blast) and jinggangmycin (for controlling sheath blight) can be used for spraying control. Common pests include rice planthoppers, striped stem borers, etc. A combination of physical control, biological control, and chemical control methods can be adopted.

[0024] Among them, flowering period prediction: During the growth process of rice, predict in advance whether the flowering periods of the male and female parents meet. Flowering period adjustment: When it is predicted that the flowering periods of the male and female parents do not meet, various adjustment methods can be adopted. For example, through fertilization adjustment, apply more nitrogen fertilizer to the parent with slower development to promote its growth and development; or through water adjustment, sun the field of the parent with faster development to inhibit its growth; plant growth regulators can also be used for adjustment, such as using paclobutrazol to inhibit the growth of the parent with faster development and using gibberellin to promote the growth of the parent with slower development.

[0025] Among them, artificial supplementary pollination is an important measure to improve the seed setting rate in the process of hybrid rice seed production. Generally, pollination is carried out when the full flowering periods of the female parent and the male parent meet. The commonly used method is to drive the pollen by pulling a rope.

[0026] Among them, harvesting: When the hybrid rice seeds are mature, they are generally harvested at the yellow-ripe stage of the female parent seeds. Harvesting too early results in insufficient seed maturity and affects seed quality; harvesting too late may cause the seeds to fall off, resulting in losses. When harvesting, it is necessary to pay attention to distinguishing between the male and female parents and only harvest the female parent seeds to avoid mixing in the male parent seeds. Seed treatment: The harvested seeds should be dried in time to reduce the seed moisture content to less than 13% to ensure the storage stability of the seeds. Then, they are selected to remove impurities, shriveled grains, and damaged seeds to improve the purity and cleanliness of the seeds. Finally, they are packaged and labeled with information such as the variety name, origin, and production date of the seeds.

[0027] In some embodiments, the S-abscisic acid is a natural plant growth regulator. Its corresponding chemical formula is C 15 H 20 O4, and the CAS number is 21293-29-8. S-abscisic acid plays an important role in multiple stages of plant growth, such as promoting seed germination, seedling growth, root development, etc., which helps to improve the yield and quality of crops. S-abscisic acid also participates in the regulation of physiological processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, and water metabolism in plants, maintains the physiological balance in plants, and promotes the healthy growth of plants. Currently, there is no relevant research or report on the application of S-abscisic acid in improving seed plumpness.

[0028] In some embodiments, the GA3 (Gibberellin A3) is a widely existing plant hormone, also known as gibberellin, and its corresponding chemical formula is C 19 H 22 O6, and the CAS number is 77-06-5. GA3 can break the dormancy of organs such as seeds, tubers, and bulbs and promote germination. For example, treating barley seeds without embryos with GA3 can hydrolyze their starch and promote germination; at the same time, it can accelerate the elongation of cells and also promote cell division, which can promote the growth of plant stems and leaves, significantly increase the plant height, and expand the leaves, and it is widely used in cotton, grapes, potatoes, fruits, and vegetables. Currently, there is no relevant research or report on the application of GA3 in improving seed plumpness.

[0029] In some embodiments, the salicylic acid refers to o-hydroxybenzoic acid, which contains a benzene ring in its molecular structure, with a hydroxyl group and a carboxyl group attached to the benzene ring. It can undergo esterification and neutralization reactions. Its corresponding chemical formula is C7H6O3, and the CAS number is 69-72-7. Salicylic acid can promote the germination of plant seeds and the growth of seedlings. Within a certain concentration range, it can increase the germination rate and germination potential of seeds, and promote the root system of seedlings to be more developed and the plants to grow more robustly. In addition, salicylic acid is also an important signaling molecule in plants. When plants are subjected to stress such as pathogen invasion, drought, high temperature, and low temperature, the content of salicylic acid will increase. It can activate the plant's defense system, induce the production of pathogenesis-related proteins (PR proteins) in plants, and enhance the plant's resistance to diseases. Currently, there is no relevant research or report on the application of salicylic acid in improving seed plumpness.

[0030] In the specific embodiments of the present invention, through scientific experiments, the present invention creatively discovers for the first time that spraying S-abscisic acid, GA3, and salicylic acid on the leaves during the heading and flowering stage of rice seed production can significantly improve the plumpness of rice seeds, and the combination of S-abscisic acid, GA3, and salicylic acid has a synergistic effect on improving the plumpness of rice seeds, and further can improve the germination rate, germination index, and vigor index of seeds.

[0031] The second aspect of the present invention provides the application of the combination of S-abscisic acid, GA3, and salicylic acid in improving the plumpness of hybrid rice seeds.

[0032] Furthermore, the concentration of the S-abscisic acid is 50 - 100 g / hm 2 , the concentration of the GA3 is 500 - 1000 mL / hm 2 , and the concentration of the salicylic acid is 10 - 50 g / hm 2 ;

[0033] Optionally, the concentration of the S-abscisic acid is 75 g / hm 2 , the concentration of the GA3 is 750 mL / hm 2 , and the concentration of the salicylic acid is 30 g / hm 2 ;

[0034] Optionally, the S-abscisic acid is a soluble powder with an active ingredient of 0.5 - 2.5%, and the GA3 is a liquid with an active ingredient of 1 - 5%;

[0035] Optionally, the S-abscisic acid is a soluble powder with an active ingredient of 1%, and the GA3 is a liquid with an active ingredient of 3%;

[0036] Optionally, the S-abscisic acid, GA3, and salicylic acid are added to a sprayer according to the concentration, and 225 kg / hm of water is added 2After that, add 5 drops of Tween and evenly spray the leaf surface on the 5th - 7th day after the maternal parent reaches full heading.

[0037] In addition, it should be noted that as mentioned above, the present invention has proved through experiments that the combination of S - abscisic acid, GA3 and salicylic acid can improve the seed plumpness of hybrid rice, and thus can improve the germination rate, germination index and vigor index of seeds. Therefore, the related applications of combining S - abscisic acid, GA3 and salicylic acid to improve the germination rate, germination index and / or vigor index of hybrid rice are also included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] The third aspect of the present invention provides a spraying agent for improving the seed plumpness of hybrid rice.

[0039] Furthermore, the spraying agent contains S - abscisic acid, GA3 and salicylic acid.

[0040] Furthermore, the concentration of the S - abscisic acid is 50 - 100 g / hm 2 , the concentration of the GA3 is 500 - 1000 mL / hm 2 , and the concentration of the salicylic acid is 10 - 50 g / hm 2 ;

[0041] Optionally, the concentration of the S - abscisic acid is 75 g / hm 2 , the concentration of the GA3 is 750 mL / hm 2 , and the concentration of the salicylic acid is 30 g / hm 2 ;

[0042] Optionally, the S - abscisic acid is a soluble powder with an active ingredient of 0.5 - 2.5%, and the GA3 is a liquid with an active ingredient of 1 - 5%;

[0043] Optionally, the S - abscisic acid is a soluble powder with an active ingredient of 1%, and the GA3 is a liquid with an active ingredient of 3%;

[0044] Optionally, the S - abscisic acid, GA3 and salicylic acid are added to a sprayer according to the concentration, and after adding 225 kg / hm of water 2 , add 5 drops of Tween to obtain the spraying agent.

[0045] In some embodiments, the spraying agent is a foliar spraying agent for improving the seed plumpness of hybrid rice, and its main active ingredients are the S - abscisic acid, GA3 and salicylic acid as described above. In addition, the spraying agent may also contain auxiliary ingredients that can be used for the preparation of the spraying agent.

[0046] In some embodiments, the auxiliary components that can be used in the preparation of spraying agents include, but are not limited to: surfactants (e.g., non-ionic surfactants, anionic surfactants), wetting agents (e.g., silicone wetting agents, polyol wetting agents such as glycerol), dispersants (e.g., lignosulfonates, sodium polyacrylate), thickeners (e.g., sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, xanthan gum), and / or penetrants (e.g., azone, methyl oleate).

[0047] In some embodiments, the molecular structure of the surfactant has two parts: hydrophilic and hydrophobic. In a foliar spraying agent, the hydrophilic part interacts with water molecules in the solution, and the hydrophobic part interacts with hydrophobic structures such as the waxy layer on the leaf surface. This can reduce the contact angle between the liquid and the leaf surface, making it easier for the liquid to spread and penetrate on the leaf surface, thereby improving the absorption efficiency of the spraying agent.

[0048] In some embodiments, the wetting agent mainly reduces the surface tension of the liquid, enabling the liquid to better wet the leaf surface. For silicone wetting agents, the silicon-oxygen bonds in their molecular structure have a low surface energy, which can form a thin liquid film on the leaf surface, promoting the spreading and penetration of the solution. Polyol wetting agents such as glycerol increase the moisture retention and wetting property of the solution through hydrogen bonding between their hydroxyl groups and water molecules.

[0049] In some embodiments, the main function of the dispersant is to prevent the aggregation of solid or liquid particles. Lignosulfonate molecules carry charged groups such as sulfonic acid groups, which make the particle surface charged in the solution, generating electrostatic repulsion and keeping the particles away from each other. Sodium polyacrylate forms a steric hindrance by the adsorption of its long-chain molecules on the particle surface, preventing the particles from approaching and aggregating.

[0050] In some embodiments, the thickener increases the viscosity by forming a three-dimensional network structure in the solution or increasing the intermolecular forces in the solution. The carboxyl and hydroxyl groups on the molecular chain of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, and the molecular chains entangle with each other to form a network structure, thereby increasing the viscosity of the solution. Xanthan gum molecules are long-chain structures composed of multiple sugar units, and these long chains intertwine in the solution, increasing the viscosity of the solution.

[0051] In some embodiments, the penetrant mainly promotes absorption by changing the structure and properties of the cutin layer on the leaf surface. Azone can interact with the lipid components in the cutin layer, increasing the fluidity of the lipids, making it easier for the active ingredients to enter plant cells through the lipid channels of the cutin layer. Methyl oleate dissolves the wax components in the waxy layer, reducing the barrier effect of the cutin layer, thereby improving the penetration ability of the spraying agent.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0053] The present invention creatively discovers for the first time that during the heading and flowering stage of rice seed production, by foliar spraying of exogenous chemical substances (S-abscisic acid, GA3, salicylic acid), the plumpness of rice seeds can be effectively improved, thereby improving the seed germination rate, germination index and vigor index. A new and efficient foliar spraying method for improving the plumpness of hybrid rice seeds is provided for this field. This method can not only effectively improve the plumpness of rice seeds, but also has the advantages of high efficiency, short cycle, low cost, simple operation, etc., and has broad application prospects in the technical field of hybrid rice breeding. Specific embodiments

[0054] The following further elaborates the present invention in combination with specific embodiments. The following specific embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and purposes of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

[0055] The reagents or materials used in the present invention are easily obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art. Without special instructions, they can all be obtained from commercial channels. The experimental methods of the present invention without specific conditions are usually carried out according to conventional conditions or according to the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. In particular, the following embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and should not limit the scope of the present invention in any way. It should be noted that the experimental conditions and their results described in the following embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and should not and will not limit the present invention described in detail in the claims.

[0056] Spraying method

[0057] In hybrid rice seed production, when it is the 5th - 7th day after the female parent is in full heading, select a sunny and windless afternoon from 16:00 to 19:00 for foliar spraying of chemical substances. Among them, the chemical substances to be sprayed include S-abscisic acid, GA3 and salicylic acid. Among them, the concentration of S-abscisic acid (effective ingredient 1%, soluble powder) is 75 g / hm 2 , the concentration of GA3 (effective ingredient 3%, liquid) is 750 mL / hm 2 , and the concentration of salicylic acid (analytical pure, molecular formula C7H6O3) is 30 g / hm 2 . The above three substances are added to the sprayer according to the concentration, diluted with water at 225 kg / hm 2 , and then 5 drops of Tween are added and sprayed evenly.

[0058] The following is an explanation and description of some terms involved in the embodiments of the present invention:

[0059] Rice seed filling: It refers to the process in which photosynthetic products and nutrients stored in the plant are transported to and accumulated in the grains after rice blossoms and is fertilized. It can be reflected by seed grain weight, active filling period, and filling rate.

[0060] Germination rate, germination index, and vigor index are important parameters reflecting seed quality and can all be determined through a standard germination test. The specific determination methods are as follows:

[0061] Randomly select 300 seeds for each treatment, with three replicates, 100 seeds per replicate. Use special germination paper as the germination bed and place it in a germination box, then place the germination box in a constant temperature light incubator at a temperature of 30°C. Count the day when it is placed in the incubator as day 0, calculate the number of germinated seeds (number of normal seedlings) every day, and after 7 days, count the number of germinated seeds, cut the germinated buds of the seedlings for dry weight measurement, and calculate the germination rate, germination index, and vigor index:

[0062] Germination rate (%) = 100 × number of normal seedlings / number of tested seeds.

[0063] Germination index (VI) = ∑(Gt / Dt), where: Gt is the number of germinated seeds at different times (7 d), Dt is the number of days of germination; ∑ is the sum, and the GI value is positively correlated with vigor.

[0064] Vigor index (VI) = GI × S, where: S is the seedling length (cm) or seedling weight (g) within a certain period, and GI is the germination index.

[0065] II. Spraying effect

[0066] As can be seen from Table 1, during the heading and flowering stage of hybrid rice seed production (the 5th - 7th day after the female parent is fully heading), foliar spraying of appropriate concentrations of S - abscisic acid, GA3, and salicylic acid can significantly improve the seed plumpness. Compared with foliar spraying of water (control), the 1000 - grain weights of rice varieties II You 838, II You 416, and Jingliangyou Huazhan increased by 5.2%, 4.2%, and 5.1% respectively, the active filling periods were shortened by 2.8 d, 3.2 d, and 2.7 d respectively, and the average filling rates increased by 10.0%, 16.7%, and 18.1% respectively. Therefore, foliar spraying of appropriate concentrations of S - abscisic acid, GA3, and salicylic acid can accelerate the rice seed filling rate, shorten the filling period, and increase the seed grain weight.

[0067] Table 1 Situation of different rice seed plumpness under each treatment

[0068]

[0069] As can be seen from Table 2, during the heading and flowering stages of hybrid rice seed production, foliar spraying of appropriate concentrations of S-ABA, GA3, and salicylic acid can effectively increase the content of seed storage substances. Compared with foliar spraying of water (control), the total starch contents of rice varieties II You 838, II You 416, and Jingliangyou Huazhan increased by 3.5%, 3.2%, and 2.1% respectively, the protein contents increased by 1.2%, 1.3%, and 0.7% respectively, and the differences in soluble sugar contents did not reach a significant level. Therefore, foliar spraying of appropriate concentrations of S-ABA, GA3, and salicylic acid can increase the content of seed storage substances, thereby improving seed plumpness.

[0070] Table 2 Contents of different rice seed storage substances under various treatments

[0071]

[0072] As can be seen from Table 3, during the heading and flowering stages of hybrid rice seed production, foliar spraying of appropriate concentrations of S-ABA, GA3, and salicylic acid can effectively improve seed germination. Compared with foliar spraying of water (control), the germination rates of rice varieties II You 838, II You 416, and Jingliangyou Huazhan increased by 3.4%, 4.8%, and 4.2% respectively, the germination potentials increased by 6.6%, 7.0%, and 6.3% respectively, the germination indices increased by 21.3%, 22.5%, and 9.8% respectively, and the vigor indices increased by 18.8%, 14.3%, and 15.8% respectively. Therefore, foliar spraying of appropriate concentrations of S-ABA, GA3, and salicylic acid can improve seed plumpness, thereby improving seed germination quality.

[0073] Table 3 Germination situations of different rice seeds under various treatments

[0074]

[0075] In addition, the 1000-grain weights and germination situations of seeds under single-component treatments of salicylic acid, S-ABA, GA3 and the control were further compared (Tables 4 - 6). The results showed that during the heading and flowering stages of hybrid rice seed production, foliar spraying of an appropriate concentration of salicylic acid (30 g / hm 2 ) can increase the 1000-grain weight and germination ability of seeds. In the seed production of II You 838, compared with the control treatment, the 1000-grain weight, germination rate, germination potential, germination index, and vigor index of seeds treated with salicylic acid increased by 1.7%, 1.6%, 1.8%, 9.8%, and 3.1% respectively; in the seed production of II You 416, compared with the control treatment, the 1000-grain weight, germination rate, germination potential, germination index, and vigor index of seeds treated with salicylic acid increased by 1.3%, 2.0%, 2.7%, 4.9%, and 3.6% respectively. During the heading and flowering stages of hybrid rice seed production, foliar spraying of an appropriate concentration of S-ABA (75 g / hm 2) can increase the 1000-grain weight and germination ability of seeds. In the seed production of II You 838, compared with the control treatment, the 1000-grain weight, germination rate, germination potential, germination index, and vigor index of seeds treated with S-ABA increased by 2.6%, 1.2%, 2.1%, 9.3%, and 9.4% respectively; in the seed production of II You 416, compared with the control treatment, the 1000-grain weight, germination rate, germination potential, germination index, and vigor index of seeds treated with S-ABA increased by 3.0%, 1.1%, 2.0%, 11.5%, and 10.7% respectively. During the heading and flowering stage of hybrid rice seed production, spraying an appropriate concentration of GA3 (750 mL / hm 2 ) can increase the 1000-grain weight and germination ability of seeds. In the seed production of II You 838, compared with the control treatment, the 1000-grain weight, germination rate, germination potential, germination index, and vigor index of seeds treated with GA3 increased by 1.3%, 0.9%, 1.5%, 8.0%, and 3.1% respectively; in the seed production of II You 416, compared with the control treatment, the 1000-grain weight, germination rate, germination potential, germination index, and vigor index of seeds treated with GA3 increased by 0.8%, 1.4%, 2.1%, 6.0%, and 7.1% respectively. Generally speaking, the effect of single-component foliar spraying is lower than that of mixed-component (salicylic acid, S-ABA, and GA3 combined) foliar spraying.

[0076] Table 4 Germination situation of different rice seeds under salicylic acid treatment

[0077]

[0078] Table 5 Germination situation of different rice seeds under S-ABA treatment

[0079]

[0080] Table 6 Germination situation of different rice seeds under GA3 treatment

[0081]

[0082] The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in combination with specific preferred embodiments. It cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is only limited to these descriptions. For those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several simple deductions or substitutions can still be made, which should all be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A foliar spraying method for improving the fullness of hybrid rice seeds, characterized in that: The method comprises: in hybrid rice seed production, after the female parent has reached full heading, spraying S-antibiotic, GA3 and salicylic acid on the leaves; The concentration of S-abortin is 50-100 g / hm 2 The concentration of GA3 is 500-1000 mL / hm 2 The concentration of salicylic acid is 10-50 g / hm 2 .

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of S-abortin is 75 g / hm 2 The concentration of GA3 is 750 mL / hm 2 The concentration of salicylic acid is 30 g / hm 2 .

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S-absorbent is a soluble powder containing 0.5-2.5% of active ingredients, and the GA3 is a liquid containing 1-5% of active ingredients.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The S-absorbent is a soluble powder with an active ingredient of 1%, and the GA3 is a liquid with an active ingredient of 3%.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The S-absorbent, GA3 and salicylic acid were added to the sprayer according to the concentration and diluted with water at 225 kg / hm 2 After that, add 5 drops of Tween and spray evenly.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The "after the female plant has fully headed" refers to the 5th to 7th day after the female plant has fully headed.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The foliar spraying of S-antibiotic, GA3 and salicylic acid is carried out in windless weather.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The time for foliar spraying of S-absorbent, GA3 and salicylic acid is from 16:00 to 19:00 in the afternoon.

9. Application of S-absorbin, GA3 and salicylic acid in improving the seed filling of hybrid rice; The concentration of S-abortin is 50-100 g / hm 2 The concentration of GA3 is 500-1000 mL / hm 2 The concentration of salicylic acid is 10-50 g / hm 2 .

10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that: The concentration of S-abortin is 75 g / hm 2 The concentration of GA3 is 750 mL / hm 2 The concentration of salicylic acid is 30 g / hm 2 .

11. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that: The S-absorbent is a soluble powder containing 0.5-2.5% of active ingredients, and the GA3 is a liquid containing 1-5% of active ingredients.

12. The use according to claim 11, characterized in that: The S-absorbent is a soluble powder with an active ingredient of 1%, and the GA3 is a liquid with an active ingredient of 3%.

13. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that: The S-absorbent, GA3 and salicylic acid were added to the sprayer according to the concentration and diluted with water at 225 kg / hm 2 After that, add 5 drops of Tween and spray the leaves evenly on the 5th to 7th day after the female parent has reached heading.

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