Rice seedling raising substrate formula and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a rice seedling raising substrate formula which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by volume: 20% of bagasse, 10% of sugar mud, 30% of coffee grounds, 30% of loess, 10% of coal cinder and 10 g of urea component per tray. The invention relates to the technical field of rice seedling raising, while matrix nutrients are guaranteed, decomposed bagasse, coffee grounds and sugar mud are used for preparing the organic fertilizer, so that the content of organic matters in soil can be increased, the soil fertility is improved, and the yield and quality of crops are improved. Moisture in soil can be absorbed and kept, evaporation and moisture loss of the soil are reduced, and therefore the humidity and fertility of the soil are kept. Meanwhile, waste obtained after sugar refineries and coffee processing is reasonably utilized, environmental protection and energy conservation are achieved, and the product income is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rice seedling cultivation, and in particular to a rice seedling cultivation substrate formula and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, due to the large-scale transfer of China's rural labor force to the secondary and tertiary industries, resulting in labor shortages and price increases, coupled with the low comparative benefits of rice production, the proportion of machine transplanting replacing traditional manual transplanting has increased. As the core of machine transplanting technology, the rice dry seedling industry has developed rapidly, but traditional rice dry seedling technology mostly uses direct digging of the original soil as rice seedling soil. With the large-scale promotion of rice machine transplanting technology, the problems of soil difficulty in the seedling raising process, complicated procedures, unstable seedling quality, and the inability to achieve large-scale seedling raising have become increasingly prominent.

[0003] At present, there is no new type of seedling material that can replace soil and reduce the dependence of rice seedling raising on the original soil, which has potential harm to future rice production and the protection of cultivated soil resources. There are few patents on the preparation of seedling raising substrates. It is difficult for farmers to ensure a reasonable nutrient level when preparing nutrient soil by themselves. There is no patent for preparing seedling raising substrates with sugarcane bagasse and sugar mud as the main residues in the processing of sugar mud factories as the main raw materials. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing seedling raising substrate is difficult to ensure a reasonable nutrient level and the residues generated in the processing of the sugar mud factory are not fully utilized.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A rice seedling raising substrate formula provided in this solution comprises the following raw materials:

[0006] By volume percentage: bagasse 20%, sugar mud 10%, coffee grounds 30%, loess 30%, coal slag 10%.

[0007] In a further embodiment, the volume of a standard seedling tray (580*280*30mm) is measured, and in addition to the above raw materials, each tray also contains 10g of urea.

[0008] The bagasse is decomposed bagasse, which is the solid residue left after the sugarcane is squeezed to extract the juice during the sugar production process in the sugar factory. These residues are mainly composed of cellulose, lignin and other plant cell wall components, and usually contain a certain amount of unextracted sugar.

[0009] Among them, the sugar mud is the residue obtained after the sugar factory wastewater is concentrated and de-stoned, and then evaporated and precipitated. It generally contains relatively rich organic matter and trace elements, including silicon dioxide, potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper and other elements. Therefore, it can be used as an organic fertilizer and play an important role in plant growth.

[0010] Preferably, the coffee grounds are decomposed coffee grounds, which are the residues after the coffee factory extracts the main components of coffee beans through distillation.

[0011] Preferably, the loess is plain soil that has not been cultivated agriculturally.

[0012] Preferably, the coal slag is waste residue discharged from coal burning in boilers and other equipment, also known as furnace slag.

[0013] The present invention provides a method for preparing a rice seedling raising substrate formula, comprising the following steps:

[0014] S1: preparing decomposed sugarcane bagasse and decomposed coffee grounds;

[0015] S2: Using a standard seedling tray as a container, add 20% bagasse, 10% sugar mud, 30% coffee grounds, 30% loess, and 10% coal slag according to the volume ratio of the seedling tray, and mix the above raw materials evenly;

[0016] S3: 10 g of urea is added to each rice seedling raising tray to obtain the rice seedling raising substrate formula.

[0017] In this scheme, rice seedlings are placed in a seedling tray containing a rice seedling substrate formula, rice seeds are sown on the surface of the seedling substrate, and the rice seedling substrate is covered on the rice seeds until the seeds are not exposed, and an appropriate amount of water is maintained during the seedling raising period.

[0018] In the above scheme, the preparation process of the decomposed sugarcane bagasse and decomposed coffee grounds comprises the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: Material preparation: pile up sugarcane bagasse and coffee grounds, and clean up weeds, stones and other debris;

[0020] Step 2: Stacking: Choose a cool and ventilated site. The ground can be covered with peat soil or woven bags to absorb the leachate. The sugarcane bagasse and coffee grounds are piled up for fermentation.

[0021] Step 3: Control humidity: The compost should maintain an appropriate humidity level of about 50%-60%. The humidity can be adjusted by spraying or watering;

[0022] Step 4: Control temperature: During the composting process, the appropriate temperature needs to be maintained, generally within the range of 40-60°C. The temperature can be controlled by turning the sugarcane bagasse and coffee grounds or adding external temperature regulation equipment;

[0023] Step 5: Ventilation management: Proper ventilation is required during the composting process to promote the supply of oxygen and the discharge of carbon dioxide. Ventilation management can be achieved by turning sugarcane bagasse and coffee grounds or installing ventilation equipment;

[0024] Step 6. Monitor fermentation indicators: By monitoring indicators such as temperature, humidity, pH, etc., you can understand the fermentation status of the composting process and adjust the data of steps 3, 4 and 5 as needed;

[0025] Step 7: Composting: When the sugarcane bagasse and coffee grounds are fermented to a mature state, you can judge by observing the appearance, smell and physical properties. The mature sugarcane bagasse and coffee grounds are darker in color, soft in texture, and have no odor. The fermentation time is generally 3-5 months.

[0026] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention using the above scheme are as follows:

[0027] The invention provides a rice seedling raising substrate formula and a preparation method thereof. While ensuring the nutrients of the substrate, the organic fertilizer made from decomposed bagasse, coffee grounds and sugar mud can increase the organic matter content in the soil, thereby improving soil fertility and increasing the yield and quality of crops. The organic fertilizer can absorb and retain moisture in the soil, reduce soil evaporation and water loss, thereby maintaining soil humidity and fertility. At the same time, the waste from sugar factories and coffee processing is reasonably utilized, which is environmentally friendly and energy-saving, and increases the benefits of products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0029] In the attached picture:

[0030] Figure 1 The figure is a growth diagram of the quality of the rice seedlings using the rice seedling raising substrate formula in the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical invention in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] The technical inventions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0034] A rice seedling raising substrate formula, comprising the following raw materials:

[0035] Measured by the volume of a standard seedling tray (580*280*30mm), the volume ratios of the raw materials are: 20% bagasse, 10% sugar mud, 30% coffee grounds, 30% loess, and 10% coal slag.

[0036] In addition, it also contains 10g of urea per plate.

[0037] The bagasse is decomposed bagasse, which is the solid residue left after the sugarcane is squeezed to extract juice during the sugar production process of the sugar factory. These residues are mainly composed of cellulose, lignin and other plant cell wall components, and usually contain a certain amount of unextracted sugar. The sugar mud is the residue obtained by evaporating and precipitating the wastewater of the sugar factory after concentration and stone removal. It generally contains relatively rich organic matter and trace elements, including silicon dioxide, potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper and other elements. Therefore, it can be used as an organic fertilizer and play an important role in plant growth.

[0038] Preferably, the coffee grounds are decomposed coffee grounds, which are the residues after the coffee factory extracts the main components of coffee beans through distillation. The loess is uncultivated soil. The coal slag is the waste residue discharged from coal burning in boilers and other equipment, also known as furnace slag.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] The present invention provides a method for preparing a rice seedling raising substrate formula, comprising the following steps:

[0041] S1: preparing decomposed sugarcane bagasse and decomposed coffee grounds;

[0042] The preparation process of the decomposed sugarcane bagasse and decomposed coffee grounds comprises the following steps:

[0043] Step 1: Material preparation: pile up sugarcane bagasse and coffee grounds, and clean up weeds, stones and other debris;

[0044] Step 2: Stacking: Choose a cool and ventilated site. The ground can be covered with peat soil or woven bags to absorb the leachate. The sugarcane bagasse and coffee grounds are piled up for fermentation.

[0045] Step 3: Control humidity: The compost should maintain an appropriate humidity level of about 50%-60%. The humidity can be adjusted by spraying or watering;

[0046] Step 4: Control temperature: During the composting process, the appropriate temperature needs to be maintained, generally within the range of 40-60°C. The temperature can be controlled by turning the sugarcane bagasse and coffee grounds or adding external temperature regulation equipment;

[0047] Step 5: Ventilation management: Proper ventilation is required during the composting process to promote the supply of oxygen and the discharge of carbon dioxide. Ventilation management can be achieved by turning sugarcane bagasse and coffee grounds or installing ventilation equipment;

[0048] Step 6. Monitor fermentation indicators: By monitoring indicators such as temperature, humidity, pH, etc., you can understand the fermentation status of the composting process and adjust the data of steps 3, 4 and 5 as needed;

[0049] Step 7: Composting: When the sugarcane bagasse and coffee grounds are fermented to a mature state, you can judge by observing the appearance, smell and physical properties. The mature sugarcane bagasse and coffee grounds are darker in color, soft in texture, and have no odor. The fermentation time is generally 3-5 months.

[0050] S2: Using a standard seedling tray as a container, add 20% bagasse, 10% sugar mud, 30% coffee grounds, 30% loess, and 10% coal slag according to the volume ratio of the seedling tray, and mix the above raw materials evenly;

[0051] S3: 10 g of urea is added to each rice seedling raising tray to obtain the rice seedling raising substrate formula.

[0052] In this scheme, rice seedlings are placed in a seedling tray containing a rice seedling substrate formula, rice seeds are sown on the surface of the seedling substrate, and the rice seedling substrate is covered on the rice seeds until the seeds are not exposed, and an appropriate amount of water is maintained during the seedling raising period.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the seedling quality data tested 20 days after sowing are as follows:

[0054]

[0055] Different letters a and b in the above table represent significant differences between the two.

[0056] The quality of the seedlings meets the quality requirements of the seedlings in the Technical Specifications for Machine Transplanting Seedlings (NY / T 1922-2010). The average plant height of the seedlings grown by this formula substrate is within the standard range.

[0057] In summary, the overall quality of rice seedlings after adopting the rice seedling raising substrate provided by this embodiment is better than that of rice seedlings raised in paddy field soil.

[0058] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, material or apparatus including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, material or apparatus.

[0059] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rice seedling raising substrate formula, characterized in that: Calculated by volume percentage, the raw materials include: 20% bagasse, 10% sugar mud, 30% coffee grounds, 30% loess, and 10% coal slag.

2. A rice seedling raising substrate formula according to claim 1, characterized in that: Measured by the volume of the standard seedling tray, each tray also contains 10g of urea.

3. A rice seedling raising substrate formula according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bagasse is decomposed bagasse, and the coffee grounds are decomposed coffee grounds.

4. A rice seedling raising substrate formula according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bagasse is the solid residue left after the sugar cane is squeezed in the sugar mill, and contains cellulose, lignin and other plant cell wall components, as well as unextracted sugar.

5. A rice seedling raising substrate formula according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sugar mud is the residue obtained after the wastewater of the sugar factory is concentrated and de-stoned, and then evaporated and precipitated, and contains multiple elements such as silicon dioxide, potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, and copper.

6. A rice seedling raising substrate formula according to claim 5, characterized in that: The coffee grounds are the residues after coffee beans are extracted by distillation in a coffee factory.

7. A rice seedling raising substrate formula according to claim 6, characterized in that: The loess is raw soil that has not been cultivated agriculturally, and the coal slag is waste residue discharged from coal burning in boilers and other equipment.

8. A method for preparing a rice seedling raising substrate formulation according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1: preparing decomposed sugarcane bagasse and decomposed coffee grounds; S2: Using a standard seedling tray as a container, add 20% bagasse, 10% sugar mud, 30% coffee grounds, 30% loess, and 10% coal slag according to the volume ratio of the seedling tray, and mix the above raw materials evenly; S3: 10 g of urea is added to each rice seedling raising tray to obtain the rice seedling raising substrate formula.

9. The method for preparing a rice seedling raising substrate formula according to claim 8, characterized in that: The preparation process of decomposed sugarcane bagasse and decomposed coffee grounds in step S1 comprises the following steps: Step 1: Material preparation: pile up the sugarcane bagasse and coffee grounds and clean up the debris; Step 2: Stacking: Choose a cool and ventilated site, lay peat soil or woven bags on the ground to absorb the leachate, and compost the bagasse and coffee grounds; Step 3. Control humidity: Maintain proper humidity during the composting process, and control the humidity to 50%-60% by spraying or watering; Step 4: Control temperature: Maintain proper temperature during composting by turning bagasse and coffee grounds or adding external temperature regulating equipment to keep the temperature at 40-60℃; Step 5. Ventilation management: Maintain proper ventilation during the composting process, such as by turning bagasse and coffee grounds or installing ventilation equipment to promote the supply of oxygen and the discharge of carbon dioxide; Step 6. Monitor fermentation indicators: By monitoring the temperature, humidity, and pH indicators, understand the fermentation status of the composting process, and adjust steps 3, 4, and 5 as needed; Step 7. Composting is complete: When the sugarcane bagasse and coffee grounds are fermented to a mature state, the decomposed sugarcane bagasse and coffee grounds are judged by observing the appearance, smell and physical properties. The decomposed sugarcane bagasse and coffee grounds are darker in color, soft in texture, and have no odor. The fermentation time is 3-5 months.

10. A rice seedling raising substrate formula according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rice seedling raising method of the rice seedling raising substrate formula comprises: loading the rice seedling raising substrate formula into a standard seedling raising tray, sowing rice seeds on the surface of the seedling raising substrate, covering the rice seeds with the rice seedling raising substrate until the seeds are not exposed, and maintaining an appropriate amount of water supplement during the seedling raising period.

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