Application of dipsacus asper saponin B in aphid control and aphid killing agent

Abstract

The invention discloses application of dipsacus asper saponin B in aphid prevention and control and an aphid killing agent, belongs to the field of pesticides, provides a novel botanical pesticide with aphid killing activity, contributes to reduction of aphid resistance and reduction of application of chemical drugs, and in addition, compared with other commercial aphid killing agents, the aphid killing agent prepared from the dipsacus asper saponin B has the advantages that the aphid killing effect is better, and the aphid killing effect is better. The aphis killing effect is similar, wide development prospects and application value are achieved, and the aphis killing agent is an effective and feasible novel aphis killing agent. Meanwhile, the dipsacus asper saponin B is wide in source, the preparation process is simple, the cost of the aphicide is reduced, and popularization is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of pesticides, and in particular to application of dipsaponin B in aphid control and an aphidicide. Background Art

[0002] Aphids, commonly known as "sticky insects" and "honey insects", are major pests in agricultural production. They belong to the order Hemiptera, including the superfamily Aphididae (also known as the superfamily Aphididae, scientific name: Aphididae). Aphids use piercing and sucking mouthparts to absorb juice from plant tissues, causing plant nutrient loss, development stunting, abnormal growth, premature aging, and even death; the honeydew excreted by aphids covers the surface of plants, directly affecting the photosynthesis, respiration, and transpiration of plants; at the same time, honeydew is a culture medium for many plant pathogens, which can easily lead to the spread of plant diseases; more importantly, aphids are the transmission medium of many plant viral diseases, and the harm caused by the viral diseases transmitted by them is even greater than the harm caused by the aphids themselves. At present, at least more than 200 species of aphids are known to be able to transmit plant viruses, ranking first among the world's virus-transmitting insects. Aphids also have the characteristics of short generation cycle, strong reproductive capacity, parthenogenesis, etc., and have strong reproductive capacity. At present, the main agricultural control of aphids is chemical control, such as acetamiprid, imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, etc. However, due to the large-scale, continuous and unreasonable use of chemical pesticides, pests have developed resistance to a variety of pesticides. Studies have shown that aphids at home and abroad are very resistant to neonicotinoid insecticides, so there is a strong demand for new pesticides for control.

[0003] In recent years, botanical pesticides have gradually emerged. Botanical pesticides use chemical substances produced by plant secondary metabolism as agricultural biologically active chemicals such as insecticides, fungicides and weed killers. They have the advantages of low toxicity, low residue, easy degradation, not easy to cause drug resistance, high biological activity, strong selectivity and safety to non-target organisms. This type of compound can also control pests by affecting the growth and development of insects and the digestive system, respiratory system, nervous system, muscle system, etc. The specific modes of action include poisoning, repelling, refusal to feed, inhibiting growth and development, and attracting, etc. The control effect is significant. For example, azadirachtin in the neem tree has a repelling effect on almost all pests. Therefore, it is urgent to find a new botanical aphidicide. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an application of dipsaponin B in aphid control and an aphidicide.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following solutions:

[0006] The invention discloses application of dipsaponin B in controlling aphids.

[0007] Furthermore, the aphid is cotton aphid.

[0008] Furthermore, the application of the Dipsacus asper saponin B in the preparation of an aphidicide can be prepared into common pesticide reagent types such as liquid, suspension, and powder.

[0009] Furthermore, the raw materials of the aphidicide of the present invention include dipsaponin B and its auxiliary materials.

[0010] Furthermore, the auxiliary materials include solvents, solubilizers and emulsifiers.

[0011] Furthermore, the aphidicide comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of dipsaponin B, 30-50 parts of solvent, 30 parts of solubilizer, and 5-15 parts of emulsifier.

[0012] Furthermore, the solvent is selected from N-methylpyrrolidone or acetone; the solubilizer is turpentine; and the emulsifier is Span or Tween. The Span can be selected from one of Span 60 and Span 80, and the Tween can be selected from one of Tween 85, Tween 20, Tween 60 and Tween 80.

[0013] Beneficial effects:

[0014] The invention provides a new botanical pesticide with aphidicide activity, which contributes to reducing the drug resistance of aphids and reducing the application of chemical drugs. In addition, the aphidicide prepared by Dipsacus saponin B has a comparable aphidicide effect compared with other commercial aphidicides, has broad development prospects and application value, and is an effective and feasible new aphidicide. At the same time, Dipsacus saponin B has a wide source and a simple preparation process, which is conducive to reducing the cost of the aphidicide and facilitating its promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 The chemical structure formula of Dipsacus asper saponin B;

[0016] Figure 2 This is the potted plant protection effect experiment picture of the experimental group;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a picture of the potted plant protection effect experiment in the blank group.

[0018] Specific embodiment

[0019] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings:

[0020] The molecular formula of the radix dipsaponins B of the present invention is C 53 H 86 O 22 , chemical structure see Figure 1 .

[0021] Experiment 1: Experiment on contact killing activity of Dipsacus asper saponin B against aphids

[0022] (1) Making leaf discs: Select cotton leaves of uniform growth and use a hole puncher to make leaf discs. Place a cotton pad in a clean petri dish, soak it with water treated with reverse osmosis (RO water), and place a piece of filter paper on top. Then, place three clean cotton leaves in each petri dish. The leaf discs are successfully made.

[0023] (2) Aphid cultivation: 50 cotton aphid larvae were picked from each leaf disc, with a total of 150 larvae on three leaves per leaf disc, and placed in a culture room (25°C and 60% relative humidity) for 4 days to ensure that the total number of surviving cotton aphid larvae on the leaf disc was ≥100;

[0024] (3) Preparation of medicines:

[0025] The original drugs are respectively Dipsacus asper saponin B and Pymetrozine;

[0026] Weigh 40 mg of Tween-80, add 40 ml of RO water, stir and shake evenly to prepare a 1 mg / ml Tween solution;

[0027] Weigh 20 mg of original drug + 20 mg of Tween-80 + 300 ul of acetone + 10 ml of Tween solution, stir and shake for 3 minutes to prepare a 2 mg / ml drug solution;

[0028] Take 5 ml of the prepared 2 mg / ml solution into another beaker, add 5 ml of Tween solution, stir evenly, and prepare a 1 mg / ml solution; then dilute in the same proportion to prepare 0.5, 0.25, 0.125 and 0.0625 mg / ml solutions;

[0029] (4) Feeding and observation: Immerse the cultured aphid leaves in each prepared solution for 5 seconds and record the number of surviving insects. The prepared 1 mg / ml Tween solution was used as the control treatment group (CK) and cultured under the above artificial climate growth conditions;

[0030] (5) Data recording and analysis: The number of surviving aphids was observed and recorded at 72 hours after incubation. Aphids were observed under a microscope. Aphids that showed no movement or irregular leg trembling were considered dead. The mortality rate (%) and toxicity regression equation were calculated. The obtained data are shown in Table 1.

[0031] Table 1 Indoor contact activity of Dipsacus asper saponin B and Pymetrozine (mortality %)

[0032]

[0033] Table 2 Toxicity regression equation

[0034]

[0035] From the analysis of the results in Table 1, it can be seen that Dipsacus asper saponin B has significant contact killing activity against aphids. When the concentration used is greater than 0.2 mg / ml, the mortality rate of aphids is greater than 50%.

[0036] Example 1: Preparation of aphidicide

[0037] 15 g of Dipsacus asper saponin B was dissolved in 30 g of N-methylpyrrolidone, and then 30 g of turpentine and 5 g of Tween 80 were added and mixed and dispersed evenly to obtain an aphidicide.

[0038] Example 2: Preparation of aphidicide II

[0039] 20 g of Dipsacus asper saponin B was dissolved in 40 g of acetone, and then 30 g of turpentine and 10 g of Tween 60 were added and mixed and dispersed evenly to obtain an aphidicide.

[0040] Example 3: Preparation of aphidicide

[0041] 25 g of Dipsacus asper saponin B was dissolved in 50 g of acetone, and then 30 g of turpentine and 15 g of Span 80 were added and mixed and dispersed evenly to obtain an aphidicide.

[0042] Experiment 2: Potted plant protection experiment

[0043] 100 mature and highly active cotton aphids were placed on each pot of tobacco plants, and the aphidicide prepared in Example 1 was used to carry out a potted plant control effect experiment on cotton aphids as the experimental group; at the same time, a control group (containing no dipsaponin B, but containing the same concentration of N-methylpyrrolidone, turpentine and Tween-80) and a blank group (no pesticide) were set up, with 3 replicates in each group, and the pesticide was applied once a day. Each time, the whole tobacco pot plant with serious aphid damage was sprayed, and the aphid situation on each group of pot plants was observed after 7 days, and the mortality rate was calculated. The obtained data are shown in Table 3.

[0044] Table 3

[0045] Average mortality rate (%) Experimental Group 85.3 Control group 0 blank 0

[0046] Analysis of the data in Table 3 shows that the aphidicide prepared by the present invention has a good insecticidal effect on cotton aphids.

[0047] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention. The techniques, shapes, and structural parts not described in detail in the present invention are all known technologies.

Claims

1. Application of Dipsacus asper saponin B in aphid control.

2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aphid is cotton aphid.

3. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The application of the dipsaponin B in the preparation of aphidicide.

4. An aphidicide prepared from Dipsacus asper saponin B, characterized in that: The raw materials of the aphidicide include dipsaponin B and its auxiliary materials.

5. The aphidicide prepared from Dipsacus asper saponin B according to claim 4, characterized in that: The auxiliary materials include solvents, solubilizers and emulsifiers.

6. The aphidicide prepared from Dipsacus asper saponin B according to claim 5, characterized in that: The aphidicide comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of dipsaponin B, 30-50 parts of solvent, 30 parts of solubilizer and 5-15 parts of emulsifier.

7. The aphidicide prepared from Dipsacus asper saponin B according to claim 5, characterized in that: The solvent is selected from N-methylpyrrolidone or acetone; the solubilizer is turpentine oil; and the emulsifier is Span or Tween.

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