Composite additive for improving oxidation resistance of Hu sheep meat and application method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of feed additives, and particularly relates to a composite additive for improving the oxidation resistance of Hu sheep meat and an application method of the composite additive, and the composite additive comprises the following components in parts by weight in per kilogram of basic ration: 70-120mg of carvacrol, 0.4-0.6 mg of selenomethionine, 60-100mg of vitamin C and 300-500mg of grape seed powder. Through a compound additive of carvacrol, selenomethionine, vitamin C and grape seed powder in an accurate ratio, the problems of low bioavailability, high toxicity, environmental pollution, non-uniform standards and the like existing in selenium addition in ruminant animal feeding are solved, meanwhile, the selenium enrichment rule of Hu sheep tissues is defined, the oxidation resistance and market competitiveness of Hu sheep meat are remarkably improved, and the feed additive has a good market prospect. And remarkable technical effects and market values are brought.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of feed additives, and specifically relates to a composite additive for improving the antioxidant capacity of Hu sheep meat and an application method thereof. Background Art

[0002] my country is a selenium-deficient country, with about two-thirds of the country being selenium-deficient areas. The lack of selenium in the soil leads to low selenium content in food crops, which further leads to a serious lack of selenium intake in livestock products and humans. Selenium is an important component of glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Deficiency can lead to a series of problems such as increased oxidative stress, impaired growth and development, decreased immune system function, and muscular malnutrition. In particular, selenium deficiency causes a series of growth and development problems caused by weakened antioxidant capacity of the body, which is a focus of human health and livestock and poultry farming. Daily food intake is unsustainable compared to the daily selenium requirement of the human body, so it has become a top priority to seek a stable source of selenium for the human body. Supplementing selenium additives in livestock diets to ensure a stable selenium content in livestock products is becoming an important means of supplementing selenium for the human body. In addition, to assist selenium additives, plant polyphenols are supplemented in the diet in order to further enhance the antioxidant effect of additives on the animal body.

[0003] Appropriate selenium levels are necessary to maintain the normal physiological functions of animals, but too high or too low levels of selenium in the diet will have adverse consequences. Excessive intake of selenium can cause selenium poisoning in ruminants. Selenium content in feed higher than 20-30 mg / kg can cause acute selenium poisoning, and higher than 3-5 mg / kg can cause chronic and subacute selenium poisoning. When the selenium content in the ruminant diet is lower than 0.05 mg / kg DM, selenium deficiency will occur, leading to oxidative stress, loss of appetite, white muscle disease, abortion of pregnant females, fetal mulberry heart and other symptoms that affect the growth and development of ruminants. Since the boundary between selenium poisoning and deficiency doses is small, it is necessary to formulate a recommended selenium supplement dose to guide the production of ruminants. Countries around the world have introduced different recommended selenium supplement doses in diets based on their respective ruminant nutritional status. So far, the European Union has not yet formulated a recommended daily intake of selenium, and the maximum allowable intake of total selenium is 0.5 mg / g. The National Research Council of the United States recommends that the daily selenium intake for beef cattle and calves is 100 μg / kg DM, and the daily selenium intake for dairy cows is 300 μg / kg DM

[94] . NRC (2007) The maximum tolerable amount of selenium for small and medium-sized ruminants is 5 mg / kg DM. According to the "Nutritional Requirements of Sheep" issued by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of my country in 2021, the recommended selenium intake for growing and fattening sheep and goats is 0.4-0.9 mg / d

[97] . Although various countries and regions have issued corresponding selenium addition limits, in actual production, the amount of selenium added in different regions and different chemical forms still needs to be adapted to local conditions.

[0004] In the prior art, there are the following problems: 1. In today's ruminant feeding system, selenium is mainly added in inorganic forms such as sodium selenite. Sodium selenite has been used as a selenium additive for a long time and is widely used in ruminant feeds in various countries around the world due to its low price and convenient synthesis. However, sodium selenite has the disadvantages of low bioavailability, high biological toxicity, and easy environmental pollution. In addition, the emergence of various selenium additives such as sodium selenate, selenomethionine, and yeast selenium, as well as their different addition dosages, have led to the lack of a unified standard for the use of selenium additives for ruminants. 2. There are few studies on the application of selenium additives in Huyang production, and the rules of selenium enrichment in Huyang tissues are still unclear. At the same time, the effect of combining selenium additives with plant polyphenols with antioxidant properties (such as carvacrol) in improving the antioxidant capacity of Huyang has not been fully explored. These problems limit the possibility of improving the antioxidant capacity of Huyang meat by optimizing feed additives, which in turn affects the market competitiveness and nutritional value of Huyang meat products.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention aims to solve these problems and provide a composite additive for improving the antioxidant capacity of Hu sheep meat and an application method thereof. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention aims to provide a composite additive for improving the antioxidant capacity of Hu sheep meat and an application method thereof, so as to solve the problems that in the current ruminant breeding, selenium is often added in inorganic form, which has low cost but low utilization rate, high toxicity and environmental pollution; there are many types of selenium additives, and there is no unified standard for the amount of addition; in Hu sheep production, there is little research on selenium, the rules of selenium enrichment are unclear, and the effect of combining selenium with antioxidant polyphenols is unclear. These problems limit the optimization of feed additives and reduce the quality of Hu sheep meat and market competitiveness.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented according to the following technical solutions: A composite additive for improving the antioxidant capacity of Hu sheep meat. The weight proportions of the composite additive in each kilogram of a basic diet are as follows: carvacrol content is 70 mg to 120 mg, selenomethionine content is 0.4 mg to 0.6 mg, vitamin C content is 60 mg to 100 mg, and grape seed powder content is 300 mg to 500 mg.

[0008] The present invention also discloses an application method of the composite additive for improving the antioxidant capacity of Hu sheep meat. The application method comprises the following steps: S1. Mixing carvacrol, selenomethionine, vitamin C and grape seed powder according to the addition ratio of claim 1 to prepare a premix; S2, adding the premix prepared in step S1 to the basic diet of Hu sheep, and mixing and stirring for 30-45 minutes; S3. Feed the basic diet to which the premix is ​​added and mixed evenly in step S2 to the Hu sheep.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a composite additive for improving the antioxidant capacity of Hu sheep meat and an application method thereof, aiming to solve the problems of low bioavailability, high toxicity, environmental pollution and inconsistent standards of selenium addition in ruminant breeding through a composite additive of precisely proportioned carvacrol, selenomethionine, vitamin C and grape seed powder, while clarifying the selenium-enriched rules of Hu sheep tissues, significantly improving the antioxidant capacity and market competitiveness of Hu sheep meat, and bringing significant technical effects and market value. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail in the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0011] Example: The test factors are 70-120 mg / kg of carvacrol, 0.4 mg / kg-0.6 mg / kg of selenomethionine (SeMet), 60-100 mg / kg of vitamin C, and 300 mg / kg-500 mg / kg of grape seed powder.

[0012] Sixty 4-month-old Hu sheep lambs (32.86±2.86 kg) were selected and randomly divided into 10 groups, including 9 experimental groups and 1 control group, with 6 replicates in each group and 1 sheep in each replicate.

[0013] Before the experiment officially started, all the experimental sheep were dewormed and vaccinated, and the sheep house and experimental site were thoroughly cleaned and disinfected; The experimental sheep were fed in individual pens and were fed diets twice a day at 08:00 and 18:00, with free access to food and water; The experiment included a 14-day pre-feeding period and a 63-day test period: During the 14-day pre-feeding period, animals in nine experimental groups and one control group were fed a basal diet without the addition of a selenium-containing compound additive made of carvacrol, selenomethionine (SeMet), vitamin C, and grape seed powder.

[0014] The basic diet was prepared with reference to the "Standards for the Feeding of Meat Sheep" (NY / T 816-2004). The raw material composition and nutritional level of the basic diet are shown in Table 1.

[0015] Table 1 Basic diet raw material composition and nutritional level (dry matter basis) 1Note: The premix provides per kilogram of feed: iron Fe 10 mg, manganese Mn 15 mg, zinc Zn 23 mg, copper Cu 4 mg, iodine I 0.3 mg, cobalt Co 0.2 mg, vitamin A VA 940 IU, vitamin D VD 111 IU, vitamin E VE 20 IU.

[0016] During the 63-day trial period, carvacrol, selenomethionine (SeMet), vitamin C and grape seed powder were added to the basal diets of the animals in the nine different experimental groups according to the ratios listed in Table 3. The mixture was fully mixed and then fed to the corresponding experimental groups.

[0017] Selenomethionine (SeMet, 2000 mg Se / kg) was purchased from Sichuan Xinyimei Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0018] After the 63-day fattening experiment, the pigs were deprived of water and feed for 24 hours 1 day before the end of the experiment. Then 5 mL of blood was collected from the jugular vein and centrifuged at 3000 r / min for 20 min. The plasma was collected and placed in a 2 mL centrifuge tube and stored in a -20°C refrigerator.

[0019] Before morning feeding, 5 mL of blood was collected from the jugular vein and centrifuged at 3000 r / min for 20 min. The plasma was collected and placed in a 2 mL centrifuge tube and stored in a -20°C refrigerator. The plasma malondialdehyde concentration, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities were detected using kits produced by Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute, and the detection procedures were strictly carried out in accordance with the kit instructions; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS7800, Agilent Technologies, Japan) was used to detect the selenium content in feed (dry matter basis), muscle and visceral tissue (fresh sample basis). The method was based on the National Standard of the People's Republic of China "Determination of Selenium in Feed (GB / T 13883-2008)" and "National Food Safety Standard Determination of Multi-Elements in Food (GB5009.268-2016)". The standard solution used the selenium single element solution standard material (GSB 04-1751-2004, National Nonferrous Metals and Electronic Materials Analysis and Testing Center, Beijing); A four-factor three-level orthogonal experimental design was adopted, Excel2021 was used for experimental data statistics, and SPSS26.0 was used for data analysis.

[0020] Multifactorial ANOVA was performed with Duncan's method for post hoc multiple comparisons of measured means.

[0021] The differences between the control group and the experimental groups supplemented with carvacrol, selenomethionine (SeMet), vitamin C, grape seed powder, and the interaction were significant using a one-way ANOVA test procedure for comparing means, followed by post hoc multiple comparisons using Duncan's method. The differences were significant when P < 0.05.

[0022] Table 3 Combination of different levels of selenomethionine (SeMet), carvacrol, vitamin C, and grape seed powder Effects on the Antioxidant Properties of Plasma in Fattening Hu Sheep From the test results shown in Table 3, it can be seen that the comprehensive value of the test results of the group adding 0.5 mg / kg selenomethionine, 70 mg / kg carvacrol, 80 mg / kg vitamin C, and 500 mg / kg grape seed is the best, so we choose this combination in production.

[0023] Table 4 Combination of different levels of selenomethionine (SeMet), carvacrol, vitamin C, and grape seed powder Effects on selenium deposition in fattening Hu sheep tissues (unit: mg / kg) From the test results shown in Table 4, it can be seen that the group with addition of 0.6 mg / kg selenomethionine, 70 mg / kg carvacrol, 100 mg / kg vitamin C and 400 mg / kg grape seed has the best selenium deposition effect. It is recommended to add 0.6 mg / kg selenomethionine to the concentrated feed for producing selenium-enriched mutton.

[0024] In summary, the precise proportion of the composite additive of carvacrol, selenomethionine (SeMet), vitamin C and grape seed powder can be used to solve the problems of low bioavailability, high toxicity, environmental pollution and inconsistent standards in selenium addition in ruminant feeding. At the same time, the selenium-enriched patterns of Hu sheep tissues are clarified, and the antioxidant capacity and market competitiveness of Hu sheep meat are significantly improved, bringing significant technical effects and market value.

Claims

1. A composite additive for improving the antioxidant capacity of Hu sheep meat, characterized in that: The weight proportions of the composite additive in each kilogram of the basic diet are as follows: the content of carvacrol is 70mg-120mg, the content of selenomethionine is 0.4mg-0.6mg, the content of vitamin C is 60mg-100mg, and the content of grape seed powder is 300mg-500mg.

2. The application method of the composite additive for improving the antioxidant capacity of Hu sheep meat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1. Mixing carvacrol, selenomethionine, vitamin C and grape seed powder according to the addition ratio of claim 1 to prepare a premix; S2, adding the premix prepared in step S1 to the basic diet of Hu sheep, and mixing and stirring for 30-45 minutes; S3. Feed the basic diet to which the premix is ​​added and mixed evenly in step S2 to the Hu sheep.

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