High-pressure micro-channel particle crushing system

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-pressure micro-channel particle crushing system which comprises a micro-channel collision generating device and a control driving device, the control driving device comprises an air compressor, a pressure reduction filtering adjusting valve, a gas-liquid supercharger, a low-pressure water source, an inlet one-way valve, an outlet one-way valve, a pressure storage tank, a pneumatic control needle valve, a mechanical reversing valve, a raw material tank and a product storage tank. The micro-channel collision generating device comprises an upper flow channel body, a lower flow channel body, a flow dividing cavity, a flow guiding pipe and a jet flow pipe. The micro-channel collision generating device adopts a high-pressure static sealing technology, and sealing is completed in a composite sealing mode of combining a high-strength bolt fastening kit, a metal sealing gasket and a conical sealing joint. Compared with the prior art, the micro-channel has the advantages of corrosion resistance, high pressure resistance, high leakproofness and the like, the processing flow is simplified by optimizing the structural design of the micro-channel, and flowing, collision and smashing of high-speed fluid in the micro-channel are effectively controlled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of microfluidics under high pressure, and in particular to a high pressure microchannel particle crushing system. Background Art

[0002] Microfluidics is a technology that integrates basic operating units such as sample preparation, reaction, separation, and detection in biological, chemical, and medical analysis processes into micron-scale chips. A microchannel device is a miniaturized fluid control system that can be used to implement microfluidic operations and analysis. The size of a microscale channel is usually micron or nanometer. At a microscale, high-pressure and high-speed microjets are used to squeeze, rub, and shear materials against each other to achieve the purpose of crushing and refining material particles.

[0003] In the field of modern industry and scientific research, microchannel pulverizing equipment under high-pressure operating conditions has gradually become a key tool for material processing and nanotechnology with its unique advantages. When a high-pressure driven fluid flows in a micro-scale pipe, it will be restricted and constrained by the pipe wall, forming a high-speed jet. When this high-speed jet flows in a microchannel, it will generate strong shear force and impact force. When the high-speed fluid collides in the microchannel, the huge kinetic energy acts on the material to produce a strong pulverizing effect. Through the flow and collision of fluids, high-pressure microchannel pulverizing technology converts mechanical energy into energy in the form of internal energy or crushing energy, and uses the characteristics of the micro-size of the microchannel to highly concentrate the energy and act on the material particles, thereby achieving efficient and fine pulverizing effects.

[0004] Under high-voltage conditions, some of the problems that need to be solved in existing microchannel chips are:

[0005] 1. Particle crushing is a complex physical process that usually requires large mechanical force or impact force to destroy the internal structure of the particles and reduce their size. Conventional microfluidics usually uses low pressure or external force (such as gravity, surface tension, electroosmosis, etc.) to drive the fluid. The pressure range of these driving methods is relatively limited, and it is difficult to achieve the high pressure and high impact force required for particle crushing.

[0006] 2. Conventional microchannels are usually processed using plane milling technology and combined with upper and lower cover plates to form microchannel chips. However, under high-pressure working conditions, the joints of the upper and lower cover plates of plane milling need to withstand huge pressure, which can cause leakage, deformation, or even rupture at the joints, thus affecting the performance and reliability of the microchannel chip.

[0007] 3. Conventional microfluidic chip materials are prone to deformation or cracking under high pressure environments and are difficult to meet high pressure requirements. High-pressure working conditions place higher demands on chip sealing performance. Existing sealing technologies such as simple bonding, O-ring sealing or sealant filling are often difficult to maintain long-term stable sealing effects under high pressure.

[0008] 4. Under high pressure, the interaction between the fluid and the microchannel wall is enhanced, resulting in a more obvious boundary layer effect. The flow characteristics of the fluid will change significantly. Conventional microfluidic control methods will reduce the accuracy of fluid control and affect the accuracy of the experimental results. Summary of the invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art and provide a high-pressure microchannel particle crushing system, which has the properties of corrosion resistance, high pressure resistance, strong airtightness, etc., simplifies the processing flow by optimizing the microchannel structure design, and effectively controls the flow and collision crushing of high-speed fluids in the microchannel.

[0010] The present invention provides a high-pressure microchannel particle crushing system, comprising: a microchannel collision generating device and a control driving device;

[0011] The control drive device includes: an air compressor, a pressure reducing filter regulating valve, a gas-liquid booster, a low-pressure water source, an inlet check valve, an outlet check valve, a pressure storage tank, a gas-controlled needle valve, a mechanical reversing valve, a raw material tank, and a product storage tank;

[0012] The inlet check valve and the outlet check valve are arranged at the inlet and outlet of the gas-liquid booster to ensure the one-way fluidity and stability of the system. The pressure storage tank is used to store the pressure liquid required by the system and provide a stable pressure source for the system. The raw material tank is a device for storing material particles. When the high-pressure fluid flows through the raw material tank through the pipeline, it will carry the material particles into the microchannel collision device to cause collision.

[0013] The microchannel collision generating device comprises: an upper flow channel body, a lower flow channel body, a flow diversion chamber, a flow guide tube, and a jet tube; one end of the upper flow channel body is connected to the raw material tank of the control drive device, and the other end is matched and connected to one end of the lower flow channel body, and the other end of the lower flow channel body is connected to the product storage tank; the flow diversion chamber, the flow guide tube, and the jet tube are arranged on the lower flow channel body;

[0014] The control drive device controls the gas-liquid booster to pressurize the fluid provided by the low-pressure water source, and delivers the pressurized fluid to the pressure storage tank for pressure maintenance, and then controls the fluid to enter the microchannel collision generating device for impact crushing through the mechanical reversing valve and the gas-controlled needle valve, and the crushed fluid and particles are collected in the product storage tank;

[0015] During the operation of the system, the fluid from the low-pressure water source enters the gas-liquid booster through the inlet one-way valve, the air compressor provides compressed air, the pressure reducing filter regulating valve controls the gas pressure, and the compressed air drives the piston of the gas-liquid booster to pressurize the fluid. After pressurization, the fluid enters the pressure storage tank through the outlet one-way valve to maintain the pressure; when the mechanical reversing valve opens the air-controlled needle valve, the high-pressure fluid drives the particles to be collided in the raw material tank into the microchannel collision device for impact and crushing, and the fluid with the particles to be collided passes through the crusher outlet and is collected in the product storage tank.

[0016] The microchannel collision generating device adopts high-pressure static sealing technology, and completes the sealing through a composite sealing method composed of a high-strength bolt fastening kit, a metal sealing gasket and a cone sealing joint. Ensure that the system can operate stably for a long time without leakage under high-pressure conditions. The sealing type of the high-pressure microchannel particle crushing system belongs to high-pressure static sealing. It mainly includes two parts, one is the connection between the material inlet and the gas-liquid booster pump, and the other is the upper and lower mold seals. The former uses a cone sealing joint to connect the pipeline. When the two conical surfaces are tightly fitted, the tiny gap between the conical surfaces is compressed to form a tight fit, effectively preventing the leakage of high-pressure fluid and achieving reliable sealing under high pressure. At the same time, the cone sealing joint usually has a self-tightening characteristic, that is, as the pressure increases, the sealing effect will be better. The latter uses a metal sealing method to tighten the upper and lower molds with high-strength bolts to apply pressure to the metal sealing sheet to form a tight fit and achieve sealing.

[0017] Furthermore, the outlet of the gas-liquid booster is provided with a high-pressure pressure gauge to monitor its pressure change and detect the sealing effect of the platform; the compressed air inlet of the gas-liquid booster is provided with a gas pressure gauge and an air intake switch to control the fluid boost pressure. The fluid boost ratio is approximately the area ratio of the large and small pistons in the gas-liquid booster. The gas pressure gauge is responsible for monitoring the pressure in the high-pressure microchannel particle crushing system to ensure that the system operates within a safe pressure range and can adjust the system parameters according to the pressure reading.

[0018] Furthermore, the low-pressure water source is connected to a filter, and impurities in the fluid are filtered out through the filter. The filter filters impurities in the liquid entering the system, protecting the internal components of the system from contamination and wear.

[0019] Furthermore, the upper flow channel body and the lower flow channel body are both made of 316L stainless steel, and multiple through holes are provided around the inlet and outlet of the upper flow channel body and the lower flow channel body and are tapped with threads to adapt to the high-strength bolt fastening kit to mechanically seal the upper flow channel body and the lower flow channel body.

[0020] Furthermore, a threaded hole connected to the raw material tank is processed on the upper part of the upper flow channel body, and a micro injection hole is drilled on the basis of the connecting threaded hole for connecting to the cone sealing joint of the raw material tank; the sizes of the diversion cavity, the guide tube, and the jet tube are gradually reduced to form a channel structure in which the fluid is accelerated and pressurized step by step. Under the combined effect of the increase in flow velocity and the increase in fluid pressure, the particles are more easily broken when impacted by the fluid.

[0021] The upper part of the upper flow channel body is processed with a flow channel inlet and tapped with threads, and a micro-channel through hole is processed downward on the basis of the flow channel inlet; the micro-channel through hole disperses the high-pressure fluid into flow beams with opposite flow directions so as to better contact and crush the particles; due to the small size of the through hole, the fluid will form a high-speed jet when passing through, and the strong impact force and shear force of the jet can effectively crush the particles.

[0022] Considering that the flow channel is obtained by gluing or bolting the upper mold and the lower mold together in the traditional microfluidics, the lower film is processed with a complete opening groove to form the flow channel, and the upper mold is used as a flat cover plate without a flow channel. Under the action of high pressure, this structure brings difficulties to the sealing between the upper mold and the lower film, which is easy to cause leakage. The present invention proposes a three-dimensional microfluidic structure, that is, the flow channel is formed by processing holes in the longitudinal direction of the lower film, and the upper mold forms a guide, and the sealing surface between the upper mold and the lower film is greatly reduced, which effectively alleviates leakage. The flow channel adopts a YT-type structure, and the Y-type flow channel is shunted to form a collision in the T-type flow channel to achieve crushing. The flow channel body of the lower mold is integrated with a flow cavity, a guide tube, a jet tube, and microchannels such as an inlet and outlet. By reducing the pressure contact area, the pressure resistance of the structure is improved, and the pressure on the joint surface of the microchannel device is significantly reduced. In order to effectively reduce the pressure fluctuation and pressure concentration caused by the flow of high-pressure fluid on the flow channel surface, a shunt cavity is milled on the upper surface of the lower mold. Concentrating the high-pressure fluid inside the flow channel cavity of the lower mold can act more effectively on the particles and improve the crushing effect.

[0023] Furthermore, the gas-liquid booster can provide high-pressure hydraulic pressure at a compression ratio of 510:1 with an air pressure of 0.8MPa, and the gas-liquid booster has a large piston and a small piston, and realizes the boosting process through the pressure balance principle of the piston axis. The output pressure is proportional to the driving pressure, and the boosting ratio is equal to the ratio of the force-bearing areas of the large and small pistons. The air compressor provides 0.8 MPa compressed air to the gas-liquid booster, and the gas pressure is controlled by a regulating valve, which is multiplied by 510 times, that is, for every 0.1 MPa increase in pressure, the system will increase the pressure by 51MPa. By adjusting the pressure reducing filter regulating valve, the pressure required for different particle crushing can be adapted, and precise pressure control can effectively improve the stability and reliability of the system.

[0024] The air compressor that provides pressure and the gas-liquid booster that multiplies the pressure form a high-pressure power source for the high-pressure microchannel particle crushing system. The gas-liquid booster can provide high-pressure hydraulic pressure at a high compression ratio (such as 510:1) from low-pressure air pressure (such as 0.8 MPa). The gas-liquid booster contains two moving parts, a large piston and a small piston. The large piston is a pneumatic piston, and the small piston is a hydraulic piston. The gas-liquid booster uses the principle of force balance between the large and small pistons to achieve the boosting process. According to the principle of axial pressure balance on the piston, the formula P1A1=P2A2 or The output pressure of the gas-liquid booster is proportional to the driving pressure, and the boost ratio of the output pressure is equal to the ratio of the force-bearing areas of the large and small pistons.

[0025] When the fluid is pressurized by the gas-liquid booster and then transported to the pressure storage tank for pressure maintenance, the pressure storage tank is designed to include a container that can withstand high pressure. After the fluid is transported to the pressure storage tank, the pressure in the tank will gradually rise until it reaches a state of balance with the output pressure of the gas-liquid booster. Under high-pressure conditions, the pressure storage tank can absorb the fluid fluctuations caused by high pressure, ensuring that the pressure downstream of the system is more stable and the pressure is accurately controlled.

[0026] Furthermore, the pressure reducing filter regulating valve is used to accurately control and adjust the pressure in the system to ensure that the system operates within an appropriate pressure range to meet the needs of different particle crushing.

[0027] Furthermore, the microchannel collision generating device can operate stably under the condition of system pressure of 100Mpa to 400Mpa, and the pressure liquid required by the system is stored in the pressure storage tank to provide a stable pressure source to the system, and can absorb fluid fluctuations caused by high pressure to ensure that the pressure downstream of the system is more stable.

[0028] Furthermore, it also includes: a gas-liquid booster pump pressure gauge and a pressure storage tank pressure gauge. The gas-liquid booster pump pressure gauge monitors the pressure of the product storage tank, and the pressure storage tank pressure gauge monitors the pressure of the pressure storage tank to ensure stable operation of the system and detect the sealing effect of the platform.

[0029] Furthermore, the upper flow channel body and the lower flow channel body are machined; the specific machining process includes: machining a diversion cavity and a sealing groove, preparing through holes of a guide tube and a jet tube, machining through holes of fastening bolts, and machining inlet and outlet cone sealing joints of the device.

[0030] During the assembly process, it is necessary to ensure the cleanliness of all the flow channel components (such as the upper flow channel body, the lower flow channel body and the metal sealing gasket, etc.), remove impurities or dirt that may affect the seal, and check whether the size and specifications of all components meet the design requirements to ensure correct matching and assembly. The upper flow channel body and the lower flow channel body are sealed with metal seals, and the metal seal is placed between the upper flow channel body and the lower flow channel body. When the fastening bolts are tightened, the metal seal is squeezed and deformed, filling the gap between the upper flow channel body and the lower flow channel body to form an effective seal.

[0031] After assembly is completed, the sealing performance of the microchannel collision device is tested, and a certain pressure gas or liquid is injected into the microchannel collision device to observe whether the pressure can be kept stable within the specified time. At the same time, use a leak detection instrument (such as a bubble detector, ultrasonic leak detector, etc.) to detect leaks on the microchannel collision device. During the test, carefully observe whether there are bubbles or abnormal ultrasonic signals to determine whether there is a leak. If the test results show that the sealing performance of the microchannel collision device is good and no leakage occurs, it can be considered that the assembly is successful and meets the design requirements. If a leakage problem is found, it should be checked and repaired in time. First, determine the specific location of the leak, then analyze the cause of the leak (such as aging of the sealing gasket, insufficient tightening force, etc.), and take appropriate measures to repair it. After the repair is completed, the sealing performance test should be carried out again to verify the repair effect.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0033] (1) The present invention patent proposes a high-pressure microchannel particle crushing system. Through the combination of an air compressor and a gas-liquid supercharger, it can provide high-pressure power of up to 400MPa, far exceeding the pressure range of conventional microfluidic technology, so that the system can generate sufficient mechanical force and impact force to effectively crush particles. The control unit composed of a pressure-reducing filter regulating valve, an air intake switch, and an air-controlled needle valve can accurately control the system pressure, so that the system can be flexibly adjusted according to the needs of different particle crushing, thereby improving the efficiency of the system.

[0034] (2) The present invention utilizes high-strength metal materials, optimizes the microchannel structure design, and adopts a three-dimensional guide tube and a jet tube, which effectively avoids the high-pressure sealing problem, reduces pressure loss, and improves crushing efficiency. The size of the microchannel structure is gradually reduced, so that the fluid is gradually accelerated and increased in the microchannel, thereby enhancing the particle crushing effect.

[0035] (3) The present invention adopts high-pressure static sealing technology, including a cone sealing joint and a metal seal fastened by high-strength bolts, to ensure long-term stable operation under high-pressure conditions without leakage, solve the high-pressure microchannel sealing problem, and provide a technical solution for applications in high-pressure environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the high-pressure microchannel particle crushing system;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a physical picture of the high-pressure microchannel particle crushing system;

[0038] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the YT type flow channel structure of the present invention

[0039] Figure 4 The cone sealing joint of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a microchannel collision generating device of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 A physical diagram of the microchannel collision generating device of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 The particles before collision and crushing;

[0043] Figure 8 These are particles crushed by 300Mpa high-pressure microchannel collision.

[0044] Figure numerals: 1. Air compressor; 2. Gas pressure gauge; 3. Pressure reducing filter regulating valve; 4. Air intake switch; 5. Gas-liquid booster; 6. Low-pressure water source; 7. Filter; 8. Inlet check valve; 9. Outlet check valve; 10. Pressure storage tank; 11. Air-controlled needle valve; 12. Mechanical reversing valve; 13. Raw material tank; 14. Microchannel collision generating device; 15. Product storage tank; 16-fastening bolts; 17-upper flow channel body; 18-lower flow channel body; 19-diverter chamber; 20-guide pipe; 21-jet pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Component models, material names, connection structures, control methods, algorithms and other features not clearly described in this technical solution are all considered to be common technical features disclosed in the prior art.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] This embodiment provides a high-pressure microchannel particle crushing system, including: a microchannel collision generating device 14 and a control driving device;

[0048] The control drive device includes: an air compressor 1, a pressure reducing filter regulating valve 3, a gas-liquid booster 5, a low-pressure water source 6, an inlet check valve 8, an outlet check valve 9, a pressure storage tank 10, an air-controlled needle valve 11, a mechanical reversing valve 12, a raw material tank 13, and a product storage tank 15;

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the raw material tank 13 consists of two parts: a storage bin and a bolt plug. The storage bin is the main part of the raw material tank 13 and is used to store the XLPE particles to be processed. The bolt plug consists of bolts and sealing gaskets and is located at the top of the storage bin. When the bolts are tightened, a tight seal is formed between the bolt plug and the storage bin to ensure that no leakage occurs when the high-pressure fluid flows through the raw material tank 13.

[0050] The inlet check valve 8 and the outlet check valve 9 are arranged at the inlet and outlet of the gas-liquid booster 5 to ensure the one-way fluidity and stability of the system. The pressure storage tank 10 is used to store the pressure liquid required by the system and provide a stable pressure source for the system. The raw material tank 13 is a device for storing material particles. When the high-pressure fluid flows through the raw material tank 13 through the stainless steel pipeline, it will carry the material particles into the microchannel collision generating device 14 for collision.

[0051] like Figures 3 to 6 As shown, the microchannel collision generating device 14 comprises: an upper flow channel body 17, a lower flow channel body 18, a flow diversion chamber 19, a guide tube 20, and a jet tube 21; one end of the upper flow channel body 17 is connected to the raw material tank 13 of the control drive device, and the other end is matched and connected to one end of the lower flow channel body 18, and the other end of the lower flow channel body 18 is connected to the product storage tank 15; the flow diversion chamber 19, the guide tube 20, and the jet tube 21 are arranged on the lower flow channel body 18;

[0052] The control drive device controls the gas-liquid booster 5 to pressurize the fluid provided by the low-pressure water source, and delivers the pressurized fluid to the pressure storage tank 10 for pressure maintenance, and then controls the fluid to enter the microchannel collision generating device 14 for impact crushing through the mechanical reversing valve 12 and the gas-controlled needle valve 11, and the crushed fluid and particles are collected in the product storage tank 15; Figure 1 , Figure 2 The mechanical reversing valve 12 and the air-controlled needle valve 11 are opened by controlling the mechanical reversing valve 12. First, the state of the mechanical reversing valve 12 is changed by operating the handle, that is, the direction of the flow channel inside the valve is changed, so that the air source can flow to the air-controlled needle valve 11. When the air-controlled needle valve 11 receives sufficient air pressure, it opens and allows the high-pressure fluid in the pressure storage tank 10 to pass through; when the air pressure signal decreases or disappears, it closes to prevent the fluid from flowing.

[0053] During the operation of the system, the fluid of the low-pressure water source 6 enters the gas-liquid booster 5 through the inlet one-way valve 8, the air compressor 1 provides compressed air, the pressure reducing filter regulating valve 3 controls the gas pressure, and the compressed air drives the piston of the gas-liquid booster 5 to pressurize the fluid. After pressurization, the fluid enters the pressure storage tank 10 through the outlet one-way valve 9 to maintain the pressure; when the mechanical reversing valve 12 opens the air-controlled needle valve 11, the high-pressure fluid drives the XLPE particles in the raw material tank 13 to enter the microchannel collision generating device 14 for impact and crushing, and the fluid with XLPE particles passes through the crusher outlet and is collected in the product storage tank 15.

[0054] The microchannel collision generating device 14 adopts high-pressure static sealing technology, and completes the sealing through a composite sealing method composed of a high-strength bolt fastening kit, a metal sealing gasket and a cone sealing joint. Ensure that the system can operate stably for a long time without leakage under high-pressure conditions. The sealing type of the high-pressure microchannel particle crushing system belongs to high-pressure static sealing. It mainly includes two parts, one is the connection between the material inlet and the gas-liquid booster pump, and the other is the upper and lower mold seals. The former uses a cone sealing joint to connect the pipeline. When the two conical surfaces are tightly fitted, the tiny gap between the conical surfaces is compressed to form a tight fit, effectively preventing the leakage of high-pressure fluid and achieving reliable sealing under high pressure. At the same time, the cone sealing joint usually has a self-tightening characteristic, that is, as the pressure increases, the sealing effect will be better. The latter uses a metal sealing method to tighten the upper and lower molds with high-strength bolts to apply pressure to the metal sealing sheet to form a tight fit and achieve sealing.

[0055] In a specific embodiment, a high-pressure pressure gauge is provided at the outlet of the gas-liquid booster 5 to monitor its pressure change and detect the sealing effect of the platform; a gas pressure gauge 2 and an air inlet switch 4 are provided at the compressed air inlet of the gas-liquid booster 5 to control the fluid boost pressure. The fluid boost ratio is approximately the area ratio of the large and small pistons in the gas-liquid booster 5. The gas pressure gauge 2 is responsible for monitoring the pressure in the high-pressure microchannel particle pulverization system to ensure that the system operates within a safe pressure range and can adjust system parameters according to the pressure reading.

[0056] In a specific embodiment, the low-pressure water source 6 is connected to a filter 7, and impurities in the fluid are filtered out through the filter 7. The filter 7 filters impurities in the liquid entering the system to protect the internal components of the system from contamination and wear.

[0057] In a specific embodiment, the upper flow channel body 17 and the lower flow channel body 18 are both made of 316L stainless steel, and multiple through holes are provided around the inlet and outlet of the upper flow channel body 17 and the lower flow channel body 18 and are tapped with threads to adapt to the high-strength bolt fastening kit to mechanically seal the upper flow channel body 17 and the lower flow channel body 18. A through hole with a diameter of 3 mm is provided in the middle of the upper flow channel body 17. After the upper flow channel body 17 and the lower flow channel body 18 are assembled, the high-speed fluid is transferred to the lower flow channel body 18 through the 3 mm through hole.

[0058] In a specific embodiment, a threaded hole connected to the raw material tank 13 is drilled on the upper portion of the upper flow channel body 17, and a micro injection hole is drilled on the basis of the threaded hole for connecting with the cone sealing joint of the raw material tank 13; Figure 3 As shown, the sizes of the diversion cavity 19, the guide tube 20 and the jet tube 21 are gradually reduced, forming a channel structure in which the fluid is gradually accelerated and increased. Under the combined effect of the increase in flow velocity and the increase in fluid pressure, particles are more easily broken when impacted by the fluid.

[0059] The upper part of the upper flow channel body 17 is processed with a flow channel inlet and tapped, and a micro-channel through hole is drilled downward on the basis of the flow channel inlet; the micro-channel through hole disperses the high-pressure fluid into flow beams with opposite flow directions so as to better contact and crush the particles; due to the small size of the through hole, the fluid will form a high-speed jet when passing through, and the strong impact force and shear force of the jet can effectively break the particles.

[0060] Considering that the flow channel is obtained by gluing or bolting the upper mold and the lower mold together in the traditional microfluidics, the lower film is processed with a complete opening groove to form the flow channel, and the upper mold is used as a flat cover plate without a flow channel. Under the action of high pressure, this structure brings difficulties to the sealing between the upper mold and the lower film, which is easy to cause leakage. The present invention proposes a three-dimensional microfluidic structure, that is, the flow channel is formed by processing holes in the longitudinal direction of the lower film, and the upper mold forms a guide, and the sealing surface between the upper mold and the lower film is greatly reduced, which effectively alleviates leakage. The flow channel adopts a YT-type structure, and the Y-type flow channel is shunted to form a collision in the T-type flow channel to achieve crushing. The flow channel body of the lower mold is integrated with a flow cavity, a guide tube, a jet tube, and microchannels such as an inlet and outlet. By reducing the pressure contact area, the structural pressure resistance is provided, and the pressure at the joint surface of the microchannel device is significantly reduced. In order to effectively reduce the pressure fluctuation and pressure concentration caused by the high-pressure fluid flowing on the flow channel surface, a shunt cavity is milled on the upper surface of the lower mold. Concentrating the high-pressure fluid inside the flow channel cavity of the lower mold can act more effectively on the particles and improve the crushing effect.

[0061] In a specific embodiment, the gas-liquid booster 5 can provide high-pressure hydraulic pressure at a compression ratio of 510:1 with an air pressure of 0.8MPa, and the gas-liquid booster 5 has a large piston and a small piston, and the boosting process is realized by the pressure balance principle of the piston axis. The output pressure is proportional to the driving pressure, and the boosting ratio is equal to the ratio of the force-bearing areas of the large and small pistons. The air compressor 1 provides 0.8MPa compressed air to the gas-liquid booster 5, and the pressure-reducing filter regulating valve 3 controls the gas pressure, which is multiplied by 510 times, that is, for every 0.1MPa increase in pressure, the system will increase the pressure by 51MPa. By adjusting the pressure-reducing filter regulating valve 3, the pressure required for different particle crushing can be adapted, and accurate pressure control can effectively improve the stability and reliability of the system.

[0062] The air compressor 1 that provides pressure and the gas-liquid booster 5 that multiplies the pressure are combined to form the high-pressure power source of the high-pressure microchannel particle crushing system. The gas-liquid booster 5 can provide high-pressure hydraulic pressure at a high compression ratio (such as 510:1) from low-pressure air pressure (such as 0.8MPa). The gas-liquid booster 5 contains two moving parts, a large piston and a small piston. The large piston is a pneumatic piston, and the small piston is a hydraulic piston. The gas-liquid booster uses the principle of force balance between the large and small pistons to achieve the boosting process. According to the principle of axial pressure balance on the piston, the formula P1A1=P2A2 or The output pressure of the gas-liquid booster is proportional to the driving pressure, and the boost ratio of the output pressure is equal to the ratio of the force-bearing areas of the large and small pistons.

[0063] When the fluid is pressurized by the gas-liquid booster 5 and then transported to the pressure storage tank 10 for pressure maintenance, the design of the pressure storage tank 10 includes a container capable of withstanding high pressure, and the volume of the container is 30ml. After the fluid is transported to the pressure storage tank 10, the pressure in the tank will gradually rise until it reaches a state of equilibrium with the output pressure of the gas-liquid booster 5. Under high-pressure conditions, the pressure storage tank 10 can absorb the fluid fluctuations caused by the high pressure, ensure that the pressure downstream of the system is more stable, and accurately control the pressure.

[0064] In a specific embodiment, the pressure reducing filter regulating valve 3 is used to accurately control and adjust the pressure in the system to ensure that the system operates within an appropriate pressure range to meet the needs of different particle crushing.

[0065] In a specific embodiment, the microchannel collision generating device 14 can operate stably under the condition of system pressure of 100Mpa to 400Mpa, and the pressure storage tank 10 stores the pressure liquid required by the system, provides a stable pressure source to the system, and can absorb the fluid fluctuations caused by high pressure, ensuring that the pressure downstream of the system is more stable.

[0066] In a specific embodiment, it also includes: a gas-liquid booster pump pressure gauge and a pressure storage tank pressure gauge. The gas-liquid booster pump pressure gauge monitors the pressure of the product storage tank 15, and the pressure storage tank pressure gauge monitors the pressure of the pressure storage tank 10 to ensure stable operation of the system and detect the sealing effect of the platform.

[0067] In a specific embodiment, the upper flow channel body 17 and the lower flow channel body 18 are processed by a CNC engraving machine and a CNC electric spark punching machine; the specific processing process includes: milling out the diversion cavity 19 and the sealing groove, preparing the through holes of the guide tube 20 and the jet tube 21, processing the through holes of the fastening bolts 16, and processing the inlet and outlet cone sealing joints of the device.

[0068] The installation and sealing of the microchannel collision generating device 14 refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 . During the assembly process, it is necessary to ensure the cleanliness of all the flow channel components (such as the upper flow channel body 17, the lower flow channel body 18 and the metal sealing gasket, etc.), remove impurities or dirt that may affect the seal, and check whether the dimensions and specifications of all components meet the design requirements to ensure correct matching and assembly. The upper flow channel body 17 and the lower flow channel body 18 are sealed with metal seals, and the metal seal is placed between the upper flow channel body 17 and the lower flow channel body 18. When the fastening bolts 16 are tightened, the metal seal is squeezed and deformed, filling the gap between the upper flow channel body 17 and the lower flow channel body 18 to form an effective seal. For the connection and sealing between the microchannel collision generating device 14 and the raw material tank 13, refer to Figure 4 Cone seal forms a seal through close contact between the cone surface and the microchannel collision generating device 14.

[0069] After assembly is completed, the sealing performance of the microchannel collision generating device 14 is tested, and a certain pressure gas or liquid is injected into the microchannel collision generating device 14 to observe whether the pressure can be kept stable within the specified time. At the same time, a leak detection instrument (such as a bubble detector, an ultrasonic leak detector, etc.) is used to detect the microchannel collision generating device 14 for leakage. During the test, carefully observe whether there are bubbles generated or abnormal ultrasonic signals to determine whether there is a leak. If the test results show that the sealing performance of the microchannel collision generating device 14 is good and no leakage occurs, it can be considered that the assembly is successful and meets the design requirements. If a leakage problem is found, it should be checked and repaired in time. First, determine the specific location of the leak, then analyze the cause of the leak (such as aging of the sealing gasket, insufficient tightening force, etc.), and take appropriate measures to repair it. After the repair is completed, the sealing performance test should be carried out again to verify the repair effect.

[0070] See also Figure 7 and Figure 8, a treatment effect of a high-pressure microchannel pulverization system for particle crushing. After 300MPa microchannel pulverization treatment, the samples were collected, filtered, washed and dried, and some of the refined samples were taken out respectively, and the particle size was observed using an optical microscope. Refer to and compare the particle size diagram of the sample particles before and after the treatment. After 300Mpa high-pressure microchannel pulverization treatment, the particle size is significantly reduced. At the same time, the particle surface changes from smooth to rough, and obvious cracks and debris are generated.

[0071] Components not described in detail in this embodiment are all existing components that can be purchased through public channels.

[0072] The above description of the embodiments is to facilitate the understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative work. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high pressure microchannel particle crushing system, characterized in that: include: A microchannel collision generating device (14) and a control driving device; The control drive device comprises: an air compressor (1), a pressure reducing filter regulating valve (3), a gas-liquid booster (5), a low-pressure water source (6), an inlet check valve (8), an outlet check valve (9), a pressure storage tank (10), an air-controlled needle valve (11), a mechanical reversing valve (12), a raw material tank (13), and a product storage tank (15); The microchannel collision generating device (14) comprises: an upper flow channel body (17), a lower flow channel body (18), a flow diversion chamber (19), a flow guide tube (20), and a jet tube (21); one end of the upper flow channel body (17) is connected to a raw material tank (13) of a control drive device, and the other end is matched and connected to one end of the lower flow channel body (18), and the other end of the lower flow channel body (18) is connected to a product storage tank (15); the flow diversion chamber (19), the flow guide tube (20), and the jet tube (21) are arranged on the lower flow channel body (18); The control drive device controls the gas-liquid booster (5) to pressurize the fluid provided by the low-pressure water source, and delivers the pressurized fluid to the pressure storage tank (10) for pressure maintenance, and then controls the fluid to enter the microchannel collision generating device (14) for impact crushing through the mechanical reversing valve (12) and the gas-controlled needle valve (11), and the crushed fluid and particles are collected in the product storage tank (15); During the operation of the system, the fluid of the low-pressure water source (6) enters the gas-liquid booster (5) through the inlet check valve (8), the air compressor (1) provides compressed air, the pressure reducing filter regulating valve (3) controls the gas pressure, and the compressed air drives the piston of the gas-liquid booster (5) to pressurize the fluid. After pressurization, the fluid enters the pressure storage tank (10) through the outlet check valve (9) to maintain the pressure; when the mechanical reversing valve (12) opens the air control needle valve (11), the high-pressure fluid drives the particles to be crushed in the raw material tank (13) to enter the microchannel collision generating device (14) for impact and crushing, and the fluid carrying the particles to be crushed passes through the crusher outlet and is collected in the product storage tank (15); The microchannel collision generating device (14) adopts high-pressure static sealing technology and completes sealing through a composite sealing method composed of a high-strength bolt fastening kit, a metal sealing gasket and a cone sealing joint.

2. A high pressure microchannel particle crushing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet of the gas-liquid booster (5) is provided with a high-pressure pressure gauge to monitor its pressure change and detect the sealing effect of the platform; the compressed air inlet of the gas-liquid booster (5) is provided with a gas pressure gauge (2) and an air intake switch (4) to control the fluid boosting pressure.

3. A high pressure microchannel particle crushing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-pressure water source (6) is connected to a filter (7) to filter out impurities in the fluid through the filter (7). The filter (7) filters impurities in the liquid entering the system to protect the internal components of the system from contamination and wear.

4. A high pressure microchannel particle crushing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper flow channel body (17) and the lower flow channel body (18) are both made of 316L stainless steel, and a plurality of through holes are provided around the inlet and outlet of the upper flow channel body (17) and the lower flow channel body (18) and are threaded so as to be adapted to a high-strength bolt fastening kit to mechanically seal the upper flow channel body (17) and the lower flow channel body (18).

5. A high pressure microchannel particle crushing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the upper flow channel body (17) is drilled with a threaded hole connected to the raw material tank (13), and a micro injection hole is drilled on the basis of the connecting threaded hole for connecting to the cone sealing joint of the raw material tank (13); the sizes of the diversion cavity (19), the guide tube (20), and the injection tube (21) are gradually reduced to form a channel structure in which the fluid is accelerated and pressurized step by step. Under the combined effect of the increase in flow velocity and the increase in fluid pressure, the particles are more likely to be broken when impacted by the fluid.

6. A high pressure microchannel particle pulverization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas-liquid booster (5) can provide high-pressure hydraulic pressure at a compression ratio of 510:1 with an air pressure of 0.8 MPa, and the gas-liquid booster (5) has a large piston and a small piston, and realizes the boosting process through the principle of axial pressure balance of the piston. The output pressure is proportional to the driving pressure, and the boosting ratio is equal to the ratio of the force-bearing areas of the large and small pistons.

7. A high pressure microchannel particle pulverization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure reducing filter regulating valve (3) is used to control and adjust the pressure in the system to ensure that the system operates within an appropriate pressure range to meet the requirements of different particle crushing.

8. The high-pressure microchannel particle pulverization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microchannel collision generating device (14) can operate stably under the condition of a system pressure of 100 MPa to 400 MPa, stores the pressure liquid required by the system through the pressure storage tank (10), provides a stable pressure source for the system, and can absorb fluid fluctuations caused by high pressure, thereby ensuring that the pressure downstream of the system is more stable.

9. The high-pressure microchannel particle pulverization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The gas-liquid booster pump pressure gauge and the pressure storage tank pressure gauge are used to monitor the pressure of the product storage tank (15) and the pressure storage tank pressure gauge is used to monitor the pressure of the pressure storage tank (10) to ensure the stable operation of the system and to detect the sealing effect of the platform.

10. The high-pressure microchannel particle crushing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper flow channel body (17) and the lower flow channel body (18) are machined; the specific machining process includes: machining the flow diversion cavity (19) and the sealing groove, preparing the through holes of the guide tube (20) and the jet tube (21), machining the through holes of the fastening bolts (16), and machining the inlet and outlet cone sealing joints of the device.

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