Beneficiation method for recovering rare earth, fluorite and barite from carbonate type rare earth ore

Abstract

The invention provides a beneficiation method for recovering rare earth, fluorite and barite from carbonate type rare earth ore, and belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of mineral resources. Through the technological processes of fluorite-rare earth-barite bulk flotation, fluorite-part rare earth-barite flotation, fluorite-residual rare earth strong magnetic reselection and small part rare earth-barite strong magnetic reselection, rare earth, fluorite and barite are efficiently recycled, waste of associated resources is avoided, the operation process is simplified, the process is more stable, the cost is low, and the method is suitable for industrial production. The beneficiation cost is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of mineral resources, and in particular to a beneficiation method for recovering rare earth, fluorite and barite from carbonate rare earth ore. Background Art

[0002] Rare earths are a group of elements with unique physical and chemical properties. Due to their unique physical and chemical properties, they play an indispensable role in modern industry and high-tech fields. They are key minerals to ensure global economic development and social progress. Therefore, they are known as "industrial MSG" and "the mother of new materials." Fluorite and barite, as two important non-metallic minerals, also have extensive and important uses in industrial applications.

[0003] Carbonate rare earth ores are mainly fluorocarbon cerium ore and fluorocarbon calcium cerium ore. Common associated gangue minerals include barite and fluorite. These minerals have similar floatability and usually have a complex associated relationship, making them difficult to separate. Therefore, improving the comprehensive utilization level of fluorite and barite in carbonate rare earth ores will play a positive role in achieving comprehensive utilization of resources.

[0004] At present, the commonly used beneficiation methods for processing this type of ore include single beneficiation process and combined beneficiation process. Single beneficiation process mainly includes single flotation, single gravity separation and single magnetic separation. However, single flotation has a good recovery effect on fine-grained rare earths, and the recovery rate is guaranteed. However, a large amount of sulfuric acid needs to be added during the concentration process to inhibit fluorite minerals. Sulfuric acid is a hazardous chemical, and there are great safety hazards in actual production. It is not environmentally friendly, and the suppressed fluorite minerals are difficult to reactivate and capture; single gravity separation can obtain a higher grade of rare earth concentrate, but the recovery rate is low, and the fluorite and barite in the gravity separation tailings are difficult to be enriched and recovered, resulting in a waste of associated resources; single magnetic separation is similar to single gravity separation, and can obtain a higher grade of rare earth concentrate, but the recovery rate is low, and the fluorite and barite in the magnetic separation tailings cannot be recovered by magnetic separation, resulting in a waste of associated resources. The combined mineral processing technology mainly includes magnetic separation-gravity separation, gravity separation-flotation and magnetic separation-flotation technology. Although the combined magnetic separation-gravity separation process can obtain better rare earth concentrate indicators, its application range is narrow and it is not suitable for ores with fine embedded particle size and complex mineral composition. In addition, this process has poor recovery effect on fluorite and barite associated with the ore; the combined gravity separation-flotation process recovers coarse-grained minerals by gravity separation and fine-grained minerals by flotation, but the gravity separation tailings need to be concentrated before entering the flotation operation. In actual production, it is necessary to add concentration equipment, which increases the mineral processing cost; in the combined magnetic separation-flotation process, it is necessary to add concentration equipment to concentrate the magnetic separation tailings in actual production, which increases the mineral processing cost.

[0005] In summary, the problems of low recovery efficiency, high recovery cost and low concentrate grade of rare earth, fluorite and barite in carbonate rare earth ores in the prior art have become technical problems that need to be urgently solved by technical personnel in this field. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present application provides a mineral processing method for simultaneously recovering rare earths, fluorite and barite from carbonate-type rare earth ores, aiming to solve the problems of low recovery efficiency, high recovery cost and low concentrate grade of rare earths, fluorite and barite in carbonate-type rare earth ores existing in the existing mineral processing technology.

[0007] The present application provides a beneficiation method for recovering rare earth, fluorite and barite from carbonate rare earth ore, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1, crushing the raw ore and grinding it, adding water to obtain raw ore slurry;

[0009] S2, subjecting the raw ore pulp to a roughing operation to obtain a mixed rough concentrate of rare earth-fluorite-barite and a roughing tailing;

[0010] S3, subjecting the rare earth-fluorite-barite mixed coarse concentrate to a fine-roughing operation and a fine-concentration operation in sequence to obtain a fluorite-rare earth mixed concentrate and a fine-roughing tailing;

[0011] S4, subjecting the fluorite-rare earth mixed concentrate to magnetic separation to obtain a rare earth rough concentrate 1 and a magnetic separation tailing 1, and then subjecting the rare earth rough concentrate 1 to gravity separation to obtain a rare earth concentrate 1 and a gravity separation tailing 1, and combining the magnetic separation tailing 1 and the gravity separation tailing 1 into a fluorite concentrate;

[0012] S5. The rougher tailings are subjected to magnetic separation to obtain a rare earth rough concentrate 2 and a magnetic separation tailing 2, and then the rougher rare earth concentrate 2 is subjected to a first gravity separation operation to obtain a rare earth concentrate 2 and a gravity separation tailing 2. The magnetic separation tailing 2 and the gravity separation tailing 2 are combined to enter a second gravity separation operation to obtain a barite concentrate and tailings 2.

[0013] In the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application, through the process of fluorite-rare earth-barite mixed flotation, fluorite-partial rare earth-barite flotation, fluorite-residual rare earth strong magnetic gravity separation, and a small amount of rare earth-barite strong magnetic gravity separation, efficient recovery of rare earth, fluorite and barite is achieved, and the waste of associated resources is avoided. The obtained rare earth concentrate has a high grade, especially for neodymium oxide and praseodymium oxide, both of which can reach a higher pricing standard, and the operation process is simplified, the process is more stable, and the mineral processing cost is greatly reduced.

[0014] In some embodiments, in step S1, the content of grinding fineness of -0.074 mm accounts for 60-65%; and the concentration of the raw ore slurry is 33-35%.

[0015] In this embodiment, the raw ore slurry is obtained by grinding the raw ore for mineral processing.

[0016] In some embodiments, in step S2, the flotation reagents used in the roughing operation include water glass and a collector; the amount of the water glass is 1000-2000 g / t, and the collector is sodium oleate, and the amount is 150-300 g / t.

[0017] In this embodiment, a water glass inhibitor is added in the roughing operation to selectively inhibit silicate minerals (quartz, feldspar and calcite, etc.), and a sodium oleate collector is added to flotation-collect rare earth, fluorite and barite, thereby obtaining a roughing mixed concentrate and a roughing tailings.

[0018] In some embodiments, in step S3, the number of times of the cleaning operation is seven times; the flotation reagents used in the fine and rough cleaning operation and the seven cleaning operations include acidified water glass and sodium sulfate; in the fine and rough cleaning operation, the amount of acidified water glass is 1200-1600 g / t, and the amount of sodium sulfate is 400-600 g / t; in the seven cleaning operations, the amount of acidified water glass is 600-800 g / t, and the amount of sodium sulfate is 200-300 g / t. The acidified water glass is prepared by mixing water glass stock solution and dilute sulfuric acid in a volume ratio of 1:1.

[0019] In this embodiment, acidified water glass is added in the roughing operation and the seventh concentration operation to inhibit the flotation of silicate minerals and carbonate minerals; sodium sulfate is used as a barite inhibitor to inhibit the barite in the rare earth-fluorite-barite mixed rough concentrate to obtain the fluorite-rare earth mixed concentrate and roughing tailings.

[0020] In some embodiments, in step S4, the magnetic field strength in the magnetic separation operation is 1.2-1.5 T, and the magnetic separation operation adopts a one-roughing-one-sweeping process.

[0021] In this embodiment, the rare earth in the fluorite-rare earth mixed concentrate is subjected to strong magnetic separation and recovery, thereby obtaining a rare earth rough concentrate 1 and a magnetic separation tailing 1.

[0022] In some embodiments, in step S5, the magnetic field strength in the magnetic separation operation is 1.2-1.5 T, and the magnetic separation operation adopts a one-roughing-one-sweeping process.

[0023] In this embodiment, rare earths in the rough concentrated tailings are recovered by strong magnetic separation, thereby obtaining a rare earth rough concentrate 2 and a magnetic separation tailings 2.

[0024] In some embodiments, in step S4, the equipment used for the reselection operation is a shaking table equipment.

[0025] In this embodiment, rare earths in the rare earth rough concentrate 1 are recovered by gravity separation to obtain the rare earth concentrate 1 and the gravity separation tailings 1.

[0026] In some embodiments, in step S5, the equipment used in the first re-selection operation is a shaking table equipment; the equipment used in the second re-selection operation is a spiral chute equipment.

[0027] In this embodiment, the rare earth in the rare earth rough concentrate 2 is separated by the first gravity separation to obtain a rare earth concentrate 2 and a gravity separation tailings 2; the barite in the magnetic separation tailings 2 and the gravity separation tailings 2 is recovered by the second gravity separation to obtain a barite concentrate and tailings 2.

[0028] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the mineral processing method for recovering rare earth, fluorite and barite from carbonate rare earth ore in Example 1 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following is a detailed description of the embodiments of the technical solution of the present application. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0032] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0033] In order to solve the problems of low recovery efficiency, high recovery cost and low concentrate grade of rare earth, fluorite and barite in carbonate rare earth ores in existing mineral processing technology, the present application provides a mineral processing method for recovering rare earth, fluorite and barite from carbonate rare earth ores. Through the process of fluorite-rare earth-barite mixed flotation, fluorite-partial rare earth-barite flotation, fluorite-remaining rare earth strong magnetic re-selection, and a small amount of rare earth-barite strong magnetic re-selection, not only rare earth, fluorite and barite are efficiently recovered, the waste of associated resources is avoided, and the operation process is simplified, the process is more stable, and the cost of mineral processing is greatly reduced.

[0034] The present application provides a beneficiation method for recovering rare earth, fluorite and barite from carbonate rare earth ore, comprising the following steps:

[0035] S1, crushing the raw ore and grinding it, adding water to obtain raw ore slurry;

[0036] S2, subjecting the raw ore pulp to a roughing operation to obtain a mixed rough concentrate of rare earth-fluorite-barite and roughing tailings;

[0037] S3, subjecting the rare earth-fluorite-barite mixed coarse concentrate to a fine-roughing operation and a fine-concentration operation in sequence to obtain a fluorite-rare earth mixed concentrate and a fine-roughing tailing;

[0038] S4, subjecting the fluorite-rare earth mixed concentrate to magnetic separation to obtain a rare earth rough concentrate 1 and a magnetic separation tailing 1, and then subjecting the rare earth rough concentrate 1 to gravity separation to obtain a rare earth concentrate 1 and a gravity separation tailing 1, and combining the magnetic separation tailing 1 and the gravity separation tailing 1 into a fluorite concentrate;

[0039] S5. The rougher tailings are subjected to magnetic separation to obtain a rare earth rough concentrate 2 and a magnetic separation tailing 2, and then the rougher rare earth concentrate 2 is subjected to a first gravity separation operation to obtain a rare earth concentrate 2 and a gravity separation tailing 2. The magnetic separation tailing 2 and the gravity separation tailing 2 are combined to enter a second gravity separation operation to obtain a barite concentrate and tailings 2.

[0040] In the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application, through the process of fluorite-rare earth-barite mixed flotation, fluorite-partial rare earth-barite flotation, fluorite-residual rare earth strong magnetic gravity separation, and a small amount of rare earth-barite strong magnetic gravity separation, efficient recovery of rare earth, fluorite and barite is achieved, and the waste of associated resources is avoided. The obtained rare earth concentrate has a high grade, especially for neodymium oxide and praseodymium oxide, both of which can reach a higher pricing standard, and the operation process is simplified, the process is more stable, and the mineral processing cost is greatly reduced.

[0041] Furthermore, in some embodiments, in step S1, the content of the grinding fineness of -0.074 mm accounts for 60-65%; and the concentration of the raw ore slurry is 33-35%.

[0042] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the raw ore is ground into fine powder to obtain raw ore slurry for mineral processing.

[0043] Further, in some embodiments, in step S2, the flotation reagents used in the roughing operation include water glass and a collector; the amount of water glass is 1000-2000 g / t, and the collector is sodium oleate, and the amount is 150-300 g / t. It should be noted that the amount of all reagents in this application refers to the amount relative to the original ore, that is, the mass of the reagents to be added per ton of original ore, and will not be repeated below.

[0044] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, a water glass inhibitor is added in the roughing operation to selectively inhibit silicate minerals (quartz, feldspar and calcite, etc.), and a sodium oleate collector is added to flotation-collect rare earths, fluorite and barite, thereby obtaining a roughing mixed concentrate and a roughing tailings.

[0045] Further, in some embodiments, in step S3, the number of times of the cleaning operation is seven times; the flotation reagents used in the fine and rough cleaning operation and the seven cleaning operations include acidified water glass and sodium sulfate; in the fine and rough cleaning operation, the amount of acidified water glass is 1200-1600 g / t, and the amount of sodium sulfate is 400-600 g / t; in the seven cleaning operations, the amount of acidified water glass is 600-800 g / t, and the amount of sodium sulfate is 200-300 g / t. The acidified water glass is prepared by mixing water glass stock solution and dilute sulfuric acid in a volume ratio of 1:1.

[0046] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, acidified water glass is added in the fine-roughing operation and the seventh fine concentration operation to inhibit the flotation of silicate minerals and carbonate minerals; sodium sulfate is used as a barite inhibitor to inhibit the barite in the mixed rough concentrate of rare earth-fluorite-barite to obtain fluorite-rare earth mixed concentrate and fine-roughing tailings.

[0047] Furthermore, in some embodiments, in step S4, the magnetic field strength in the magnetic separation operation is 1.2-1.5 T, and the magnetic separation operation adopts a one-roughing-one-sweeping process.

[0048] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the rare earth in the fluorite-rare earth mixed concentrate is recovered by strong magnetic separation, thereby obtaining a rare earth rough concentrate 1 and a magnetic separation tailing 1.

[0049] Furthermore, in some embodiments, in step S5, the magnetic field strength in the magnetic separation operation is 1.2-1.5 T, and the magnetic separation operation adopts a one-roughing-one-sweeping process.

[0050] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the rare earth in the coarsely selected tailings is recovered by strong magnetic separation, thereby obtaining a rare earth coarse concentrate 2 and a magnetically separated tailings 2.

[0051] Furthermore, in some embodiments, in step S4, the re-selection equipment refers to various industrial shaking table equipment.

[0052] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the rare earth in the rare earth rough concentrate 1 is recovered by gravity separation to obtain the rare earth concentrate 1 and the gravity separation tailings 1.

[0053] Furthermore, in some embodiments, in step S5, the first gravity separation equipment refers to a shaking table equipment of various industrial models; the second gravity separation equipment refers to a spiral chute equipment of various industrial models.

[0054] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the rare earths in the rare earth coarse concentrate 2 are separated by the first gravity separation to obtain a rare earth concentrate 2 and a gravity separation tailings 2; the barite in the magnetic separation tailings 2 and the gravity separation tailings 2 is recovered by the second gravity separation to obtain a barite concentrate and tailings 2.

[0055] Some specific embodiments are listed below. It should be noted that the embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application. If specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the embodiments, the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this area or the product specifications are used. The reagents or instruments used without specifying the manufacturer are all conventional products that can be obtained commercially.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] This embodiment provides a method for recovering rare earth, fluorite and barite from carbonate rare earth ore. The process flow chart of the method is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the specific steps include:

[0058] 1. Crushing the raw ore to -2mm, then wet grinding, the grinding fineness is -0.074mm accounting for 62.37%, and then adding water to the pulp concentration of 33%;

[0059] 2. Put the pulp into a flotation machine, add 1500 g / t water glass and 200 g / t sodium oleate, and perform a roughing operation to obtain a mixed rough concentrate of rare earth-fluorite-barite and roughing tailings (i.e., tailings 1);

[0060] 3. Add 1400g / t of acidified water glass and 400g / t of sodium sulfate to the mixed coarse concentrate, conduct a fine-roughing operation, then add 700g / t of acidified water glass and 200g / t of sodium sulfate, conduct seven closed-circuit tests, and return the intermediate ore in sequence to obtain fluorite-rare earth mixed concentrate and fine-roughing tailings;

[0061] 4. The fluorite-rare earth mixed concentrate is subjected to magnetic separation under the condition of a magnetic field strength of 1.4 T to obtain a rare earth rough concentrate 1 and a magnetic separation tailing 1, and then the rare earth rough concentrate 1 is subjected to a shaking table gravity separation to obtain a rare earth concentrate 1 and a gravity separation tailing 1, and the magnetic separation tailing 1 and the gravity separation tailing 1 are mixed to obtain a fluorite concentrate;

[0062] 5. The rougher tailings are subjected to magnetic separation under a magnetic field strength of 1.4 T to obtain a rough rare earth concentrate 2 and a magnetic tailing 2; the rough rare earth concentrate 2 is then subjected to a shaking table gravity separation to obtain a rare earth concentrate 2 and a gravity separation tailing 2; the magnetic separation tailing 2 and the gravity separation tailing 2 are mixed and fed into a spiral chute for gravity separation to obtain a barite concentrate and tailings 2.

[0063] The sources and performance parameters of the ore samples are as follows: A low-grade rare earth mine in Henan Province is used as the original ore. The elements that can be used for mineral processing, enrichment and recovery are mainly rare earth and fluorite, with grades of 1.31% and 17.91% respectively. The rare earth elements are mainly cerium oxide (accounting for 52.96% of the total rare earths), followed by lanthanum oxide (accounting for 27.23% of the total rare earths), which are carbonate-type rare earths. The gangue minerals are mainly composed of quartz, calcite, orthoclase, biotite, barite, etc., among which the barite grade is 2.17%, which can be comprehensively recovered.

[0064] The test results of the separation index of carbonate rare earth ore in this embodiment are shown in Table 1.

[0065] Table 1 Separation index of carbonate rare earth ore in Example 1

[0066]

[0067] According to the mineral processing method of this embodiment, a rare earth concentrate 1 product with a yield of 0.83%, a REO grade of 67.47% and a recovery rate of 42.77% can be obtained; a rare earth concentrate 2 product with a yield of 0.66%, a REO grade of 54.31% and a recovery rate of 27.37% can be obtained; the total yield of rare earth concentrate is 1.49%, the REO grade is 61.64%, and the total recovery rate is 70.14%; a fluorite concentrate product with a yield of 15.23%, a CaF2 grade of 94.23%, and a recovery rate of 80.13%; a barite product with a yield of 1.73%, a BaSO4 grade of 90.12%, and a recovery rate of 72.00%. After analysis, the total content of neodymium oxide + praseodymium oxide in the rare earth concentrate is greater than 15%.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] This embodiment provides a beneficiation method for recovering rare earth, fluorite and barite from carbonate rare earth ore. Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the source of the selected raw ore is different. The other steps are roughly the same as those in Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0070] The source and performance parameters of the ore sample are as follows: the original ore is a low-grade rare earth mine in Sichuan, the REO grade in the original ore is 1.65%, cerium and lanthanum are the main rare earth elements in the ore sample, and the grades of fluorite and barite are relatively low, which are 16.66% and 2.65% respectively. The gangue minerals are mainly composed of quartz, feldspar, calcite, mica, etc.

[0071] The test results of the carbonate rare earth ore separation index in this embodiment are shown in Table 2.

[0072] Table 2 Separation index of carbonate rare earth ore in Example 2

[0073]

[0074] By comparing the test results in Table 2 with the test results in Example 1, it can be seen that the mineral processing process of the present application is stable, has the same efficient recovery effect on different raw ores, and the obtained rare earth concentrate has a high grade.

[0075] Comparative Example 1

[0076] The comparative example provides a beneficiation method for recovering rare earth, fluorite and barite from carbonate rare earth ore. Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the beneficiation steps are different. The raw ore slurry is first subjected to flotation to obtain a rare earth-fluorite-barite rough concentrate and a flotation tailing (i.e., tailings 1). The rare earth-fluorite-barite rough concentrate is then subjected to magnetic separation to obtain a rare earth concentrate and a magnetic tailing. The magnetic tailing is then concentrated and slurried for flotation separation to obtain rare earth concentrate and a magnetic tailing. The rare earth-fluorite rough concentrate and the rare earth-barite rough concentrate are subjected to spiral chute gravity separation to obtain barite rough concentrate and gravity separation tailings (i.e., tailings 2); the rare earth-fluorite rough concentrate and the barite rough concentrate are then separated and impurized by strong magnetic separation, and the obtained magnetic concentrates are rare earth secondary concentrate 1 and rare earth secondary concentrate 2, respectively, and the magnetic tailings are fluorite concentrate and barite concentrate, respectively. The other steps are substantially the same as those in Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0077] The test results of the separation index of carbonate rare earth ore in Comparative Example 1 are shown in Table 3.

[0078] Table 3 Separation index of carbonate rare earth ore in comparative example 1

[0079]

[0080] It can be seen from the test results of Comparative Example 1 in Table 3 that the rare earth, fluorite and barite in the carbonate rare earth ore are beneficiated by the flotation-magnetic separation-flotation-gravity separation-magnetic separation process, and a rare earth concentrate product with a total yield of 2.04%, a REO grade of 47.85% and a total recovery rate of 74.42% can be obtained; a fluorite concentrate product with a yield of 14.16%, a CaF2 grade of 94.78% and a recovery rate of 74.94%; a barite product with a yield of 1.65%, a BaSO4 grade of 90.47% and a recovery rate of 68.81%. The grade of the rare earth concentrate is low, and the total content of neodymium oxide + praseodymium oxide in the concentrate is less than 15%, and a high pricing standard cannot be obtained.

[0081] Comparative Example 2

[0082] Comparative Example 2 provides a beneficiation method for recovering rare earths, fluorite and barite from carbonate rare earth ores. Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the beneficiation steps are different. In Comparative Example 2, the fluorite-rare earth mixed concentrate is first subjected to shaking table gravity separation to obtain a rare earth rough concentrate 1 and a gravity separation tailing 1, and then the rare earth rough concentrate 1 is subjected to magnetic separation under a magnetic field intensity of 1.4 T to obtain a magnetic separation tailing 1 and a rare earth concentrate 1, and the magnetic separation tailing 1 and the gravity separation tailing 1 are mixed to obtain a fluorite concentrate. The other steps are substantially the same as those in Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0083] The test results of the separation index of carbonate rare earth ore in Comparative Example 2 are shown in Table 4.

[0084] Table 4 Separation index of carbonate rare earth ore in comparative example 2

[0085]

[0086] It can be seen from the test results of Comparative Example 2 in Table 4 that by subjecting the fluorite-rare earth mixed concentrate to gravity separation followed by magnetic separation, a rare earth concentrate product with a total yield of 1.07%, a REO grade of 60.28%, and a total recovery rate of 49.25% can be obtained, and the recovery rate is relatively low.

[0087] In summary, the present application provides a method for recovering rare earth, fluorite and barite from carbonate rare earth ores, which belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of mineral resources. Through the process of fluorite-rare earth-barite mixed flotation, fluorite-partial rare earth-barite flotation, fluorite-residual rare earth strong magnetic gravity separation, and a small amount of rare earth-barite strong magnetic gravity separation, not only rare earth, fluorite and barite are efficiently recovered, the waste of associated resources is avoided, and the operation process is simplified, the process is more stable, and the cost of mineral processing is greatly reduced.

[0088] It should be noted that the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. The above-mentioned embodiments are only examples, and the embodiments having the same structure as the technical idea and exerting the same effect within the scope of the technical solution of the present application are all included in the technical scope of the present application. In addition, without departing from the scope of the main purpose of the present application, various modifications that can be thought of by those skilled in the art to the embodiments and other methods of combining some of the constituent elements in the embodiments are also included in the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for recovering rare earth, fluorite and barite from carbonate rare earth ores, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, crushing the raw ore and grinding it, adding water to obtain raw ore slurry; S2, subjecting the raw ore pulp to a roughing operation to obtain a mixed rough concentrate of rare earth-fluorite-barite and a roughing tailing; S3, subjecting the rare earth-fluorite-barite mixed coarse concentrate to a fine-roughing operation and a fine-concentration operation in sequence to obtain a fluorite-rare earth mixed concentrate and a fine-roughing tailing; S4, subjecting the fluorite-rare earth mixed concentrate to magnetic separation to obtain a rare earth rough concentrate 1 and a magnetic separation tailing 1, and then subjecting the rare earth rough concentrate 1 to gravity separation to obtain a rare earth concentrate 1 and a gravity separation tailing 1, and combining the magnetic separation tailing 1 and the gravity separation tailing 1 into a fluorite concentrate; S5. The rougher tailings are subjected to magnetic separation to obtain a rare earth rough concentrate 2 and a magnetic separation tailing 2, and then the rougher rare earth concentrate 2 is subjected to a first gravity separation operation to obtain a rare earth concentrate 2 and a gravity separation tailing 2. The magnetic separation tailing 2 and the gravity separation tailing 2 are combined to enter a second gravity separation operation to obtain a barite concentrate and tailings 2.

2. The method for recovering rare earth, fluorite and barite from carbonate rare earth ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the grinding refers to the grinding fineness of -0.074mm accounting for 60-65%; the concentration of the raw ore slurry is 33-35%.

3. The ore dressing method for synchronously recovering rare earth, fluorite and barite from carbonate rare earth ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the flotation reagents used in the roughing operation include water glass and a collector; the amount of the water glass is 1000-2000 g / t, and the collector is sodium oleate, and the amount is 150-300 g / t.

4. The ore dressing method for synchronously recovering rare earth, fluorite and barite from carbonate rare earth ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the number of times of the cleaning operation is seven; the flotation reagents used in the fine and rough cleaning operation and the seven cleaning operations include acidified water glass and sodium sulfate; in the fine and rough cleaning operation, the amount of acidified water glass is 1200-1600 g / t, and the amount of sodium sulfate is 400-600 g / t; in the seven cleaning operations, the amount of acidified water glass is 600-800 g / t, and the amount of sodium sulfate is 200-300 g / t.

5. The ore dressing method for synchronously recovering rare earth, fluorite and barite from carbonate rare earth ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the magnetic field strength in the magnetic separation operation is 1.2-1.5 T, and the magnetic separation operation adopts a one-roughing-one-sweeping process.

6. The ore dressing method for synchronously recovering rare earth, fluorite and barite from carbonate rare earth ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the magnetic field strength in the magnetic separation operation is 1.2-1.5 T, and the magnetic separation operation adopts a one-roughing-one-sweeping process.

7. The ore dressing method for synchronously recovering rare earth, fluorite and barite from carbonate rare earth ore according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sodium oleate is prepared by saponifying oleic acid and sodium carbonate in a mass ratio of 1:

2.

8. The method for simultaneously recovering rare earth, fluorite and barite from carbonate rare earth ore according to claim 4, characterized in that: The acidified water glass is prepared by mixing water glass stock solution and dilute sulfuric acid in a volume ratio of 1:

1.

9. The ore dressing method for synchronously recovering rare earth, fluorite and barite from carbonate rare earth ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the equipment used in the reselection operation is a shaking table equipment.

10. The method for simultaneously recovering rare earth, fluorite and barite from carbonate rare earth ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the equipment used in the first re-selection operation is a shaking table equipment; the equipment used in the second re-selection operation is a spiral chute equipment.

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