Process and device for reinforced laser cladding of screw alloy

Abstract

The device comprises a lathe bed, and an up-down adjusting device, a swinging device, a laser cladding spray head, a powder feeder, a heater, a main shaft box, an electric control box, a stepping motor and lead screw fine adjustment alloy spray head and a programming accurate automatic control system which are mounted on the lathe bed, so that the balance and consistency of spraying quality are ensured; and by adding the special alloy powder, the hardness is improved, cracking is avoided, the bonding strength is high, wear resistance is achieved, the bonding strength is improved by 60% compared with nitriding, and the stripping phenomenon is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of spray welding machines, and in particular to a screw alloy strengthening laser cladding process and a device thereof. Background Art

[0002] The screw is a key part of the injection molding machine and the extruder. Under the combined effects of high temperature adhesive wear and chemical corrosion, the working surface of the screw quickly wears out and fails. Especially in the case of the widespread use of modern reinforced plastics, the life of the screw is generally not high, mainly due to the wear and failure of the screw ribs. Screw rib alloy cladding is the most effective way to improve the wear resistance of the screw, but there are defects such as uneven cladding, poor process, cracking, etc., and the yield rate is relatively low. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the invention is to provide a screw alloy strengthening laser cladding process and a device thereof.

[0004] The problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing screw blade alloy cladding has defects such as uneven cladding, poor process, cracking, and a relatively low yield.

[0005] To achieve the purpose of the present invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A process and device for laser cladding of screw alloy reinforcement, comprising a bed and an upper and lower adjustment device installed on the bed, a swing device, a laser cladding nozzle, a powder feeder, a heater, a spindle box and an electric control box, wherein the spindle box is equipped with a three-jaw chuck and a motor for driving the chuck to rotate, two parallel horizontal guide rails are arranged on the upper surface of the bed, a slide is installed above the horizontal guide rails and slides with the slide, a tailstock is installed above the slide, and a thimble is installed on the tailstock, the three-jaw chuck is used for clamping and fixing one end of the screw, and the thimble is used for supporting the other end of the screw, the swing device is connected to the upper and lower adjustment device through a mounting seat, the laser cladding nozzle is connected to the swing device and moves with the swing device, and the powder distributor is connected to the laser cladding nozzle for transportation through a plurality of pipelines.

[0006] The bed is also equipped with a guide rail assembly, a fixed plate is installed above the guide rail assembly, and an up and down adjustment device, a swing device, a laser cladding nozzle, and a heater are all installed above the fixed plate.

[0007] The guide rail assembly includes a rack and a gear meshing with the rack. The gear is controlled to rotate by a rotary motor, and the rotary motor is installed on a fixed plate.

[0008] An accordion protective cover is installed above the guide rail assembly.

[0009] The swing device includes a horizontal moving mechanism and a lifting mechanism. The lifting mechanism includes a No. 1 screw rod. The outer wall of the No. 1 screw rod is rotatably connected to a No. 1 screw rod sleeve. The power input end of the No. 1 screw rod is connected to the power output end of the No. 1 motor through a coupling. A No. 1 slider is installed on the No. 1 screw rod sleeve, and the No. 1 slider is connected to the horizontal moving mechanism.

[0010] The first sliding block and the second sliding block are both slidably matched with an upper cover sliding block.

[0011] The horizontal moving mechanism includes a No. 2 screw rod, the outer wall of the No. 2 screw rod is rotatably connected to a No. 2 screw rod sleeve, the power input end of the No. 2 screw rod is connected to the power output end of the No. 2 motor through a coupling, a No. 2 slider is installed on the No. 2 screw rod sleeve, and the No. 2 slider is connected to the laser cladding nozzle through a fixed seat.

[0012] The process includes the following steps: S1: medium frequency cooling water works; S2: medium frequency device is preheated; S3: laser cladding nozzle cooling water works; S4: laser cladding nozzle feeds alloy powder; S5: argon valve is opened; S6: laser cladding nozzle is "ignited"; S7: screw rotates at a constant speed; S8: laser cladding nozzle swings; S9: the entire laser cladding nozzle follows the movement; S10: spray welding is completed; S11: laser stops moving; S12: laser cladding nozzle stops swinging; S13: screw stops rotating; S14: laser cladding nozzle is "fired"; S15: argon valve is closed; S16: alloy powder feeding is stopped.

[0013] Beneficial effects: The stepper motor plus the lead screw fine-tune the alloy nozzle, and the programmed precise automatic control system ensure the balance and consistency of the spraying quality; the addition of special alloy powder increases the hardness without cracking, has high bonding strength and wear resistance, which is 60% higher than nitriding, and there is no peeling phenomenon. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an enlarged view of part A; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the screw mounting frame structure; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide rail assembly; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the swing device; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism structure; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the coaxial internal structure of the laser cladding nozzle; In the figure: bed 1, upper and lower adjustment device 2, laser cladding nozzle 3, heater 4, electric control box 5, three-jaw chuck 6, motor 7, horizontal guide rail 8, slide 9, tailstock 10, ejector 11, mounting seat 12, fixing plate 13, rack 14, gear 15, rotating motor 16, accordion protective cover 17, No. 1 screw 18, No. 1 screw sleeve 19, coupling 20, No. 1 slider 21, No. 2 screw 22, No. 2 screw sleeve 23, No. 2 slider 24, upper cover slide 25. Implementation

[0015] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0016] A process and device for laser cladding of screw alloy reinforcement, comprising a bed 1 and an upper and lower adjustment device 2 installed on the bed 1, a swing device, a laser cladding nozzle 3, a powder feeder, a heater 4, a spindle box and an electric control box 5, wherein the spindle box is equipped with a three-jaw chuck 6 and a motor 7 for driving the chuck to rotate, two parallel horizontal guide rails 8 are arranged on the upper surface of the bed 1, a slide 9 is installed above the horizontal guide rail 8 and slides with the slide, a tailstock 10 is installed above the slide 9, and a thimble 11 is installed on the tailstock 10, the three-jaw chuck 6 is used to clamp and fix one end of the screw, the thimble 11 is used to support the other end of the screw, the swing device is connected to the upper and lower adjustment device 2 through a mounting seat 12, the laser cladding nozzle 3 is connected to the swing device and moves with the swing device, and the powder distributor is connected to the laser cladding nozzle 3 for transportation through a plurality of pipelines.

[0017] The tailstock 10 is displaced to adapt to screws of different lengths under the cooperation of the horizontal guide rail 8 and the slide 9. The slide 9 can be controlled by the linear guide rail assembly to output sliding and cooperate to stop and fix.

[0018] The laser cladding nozzle 3 is divided into two types according to the arrangement of the optical fiber and the nozzle: paraxial and coaxial. This device adopts coaxial cladding. In coaxial cladding, the laser beam and the nozzle are arranged through coaxial optical fiber, and the powder injection and laser beam transmission are completed in the same optical path. The advantage of coaxial cladding is that the arrangement of the optical fiber and the nozzle is more compact, the optical path is more stable, and higher processing accuracy and processing quality can be achieved.

[0019] The coaxial nozzle can be arranged more compactly on the screw, and the position of the laser beam and the nozzle is more precise, which can achieve higher processing accuracy and processing quality. In addition, the coaxial nozzle can also control the temperature and particle size of the sprayed powder through the cooling system inside the nozzle, thereby achieving a better spraying effect. The principle diagram can be referred to Figure 7 .

[0020] The bed 1 is also equipped with a guide rail assembly, a fixed plate 13 is installed above the guide rail assembly, the upper and lower adjustment devices 2, the swing device, the laser cladding nozzle 3, and the heater 4 are all installed above the fixed plate 13, the guide rail assembly includes a rack 14 and a gear 15 meshing with the rack 14, the gear 15 is controlled to rotate by a rotating motor 16, and the rotating motor 16 is installed on the fixed plate 13. The gear 15, rack 14 transmission and guide rail are suitable for mechanical systems that need to perform linear motion and transmit large torque. This transmission method has the advantages of compactness, high torque transmission, high precision, low noise, and long life. At the same time, the gear 15, rack 14 transmission and guide rail can also be adapted to different working environments and requirements through different materials and coatings.

[0021] An accordion protective cover 17 is installed above the guide rail assembly, and the accordion protective cover 17 has the following advantages: 1. Protection of moving parts: The accordion protective cover 17 can cover the rotating parts or moving parts of the mechanical equipment to prevent people from accidentally touching or entering dangerous areas, and can also prevent debris, dust, etc. from entering the mechanical equipment; 2. Ensure personnel safety: The accordion protective cover 17 can prevent people from accidentally touching or entering dangerous areas, thereby ensuring the safety of personnel; 3. Easy to observe: The accordion protective cover 17 is usually made of transparent materials, which is convenient for observing the operation and maintenance of the mechanical equipment; 4. Beautiful and practical: The accordion protective cover 17 can be designed and manufactured according to the appearance and needs of the mechanical equipment, which is both beautiful and practical, and meets the working requirements of the mechanical equipment.

[0022] The swing device includes a horizontal moving mechanism and a lifting mechanism. The lifting mechanism includes a No. 1 screw rod 18. The outer wall of the No. 1 screw rod 18 is rotatably connected to a No. 1 screw rod sleeve 19. The power input end of the No. 1 screw rod 18 is connected to the power output end of the No. 1 motor through a coupling 20. A No. 1 slider 21 is installed on the No. 1 screw rod sleeve 19, and the No. 1 slider 21 is connected to the horizontal moving mechanism.

[0023] The first slider 21 and the second slider 24 are both slidably matched with an upper cover slider 25. The provision of the upper cover slider 25 increases the stability of the slider during displacement and the certainty of the line.

[0024] The horizontal moving mechanism includes a No. 2 screw rod 22, the outer wall of which is rotatably connected to a No. 2 screw rod sleeve 23, the power input end of the No. 2 screw rod 22 is connected to the power output end of the No. 2 motor through a coupling 20, a No. 2 slider 24 is installed on the No. 2 screw rod sleeve 23, and the No. 2 slider 24 is connected to the laser cladding nozzle 3 through a fixed seat.

[0025] The structure of the upper and lower adjustment device 2 can refer to the structure of the swing device. The upper and lower adjustment device 2 first roughly adjusts the position of the laser cladding nozzle 3, and the swing device then accurately swings the laser cladding nozzle 3 to a precise position based on this.

[0026] The up and down adjustment device 2 can be adjusted up and down by a chain lifting method.

[0027] During screw laser cladding, it is usually necessary to preheat the substrate. This is because preheating can help eliminate stress inside the substrate and improve the bonding strength between the cladding layer and the substrate. In addition, preheating can also improve the plasticity of the raw material and help reduce the formation of cracks. Therefore, this device adds a heater 4, uses an induction coil for preheating, and selects medium-frequency induction heating. Medium-frequency induction heating is generally suitable for relatively large workpieces and thicker materials. The frequency range of medium-frequency induction heating is generally between 1 kHz and 20 kHz. Medium-frequency induction heating takes a short time to heat the material to the target temperature, has good heating uniformity, can achieve comprehensive and uniform heating, and avoid deformation or cracks in the material. The energy utilization rate is high, which can effectively reduce energy consumption.

[0028] The process includes the following steps: S1: medium frequency cooling water works; S2: medium frequency device is preheated; S3: laser cladding nozzle cooling water works; S4: laser cladding nozzle feeds alloy powder; S5: argon valve is opened; S6: laser cladding nozzle is "ignited"; S7: screw rotates at a constant speed; S8: laser cladding nozzle swings; S9: the entire laser cladding nozzle follows the movement; S10: spray welding is completed; S11: laser stops moving; S12: laser cladding nozzle stops swinging; S13: screw stops rotating; S14: laser cladding nozzle is "fired"; S15: argon valve is closed; S16: alloy powder feeding is stopped.

[0029] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions only describe the principles of the present invention. The present invention may be subject to various changes and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. These changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A screw alloy strengthening laser cladding process and device, characterized in that: The device comprises a bed (1) and an upper and lower adjustment device (2) mounted on the bed (1), a swing device, a laser cladding nozzle (3), a powder feeder, a heater (4), a spindle box and an electric control box (5); the spindle box is mounted with a three-jaw chuck (6) and a motor (7) for driving the chuck to rotate; the upper surface of the bed (1) is provided with two parallel horizontal guide rails (8); a slide table (9) is mounted above the horizontal guide rails (8) and slides with the slide table; a tailstock (10) is mounted above the slide table (9); a thimble (11) is mounted on the tailstock (10); the three-jaw chuck (6) is used to clamp and fix one end of a screw rod; the thimble (11) is used to support the other end of the screw rod; the swing device is connected to the upper and lower adjustment device (2) via a mounting seat (12); the laser cladding nozzle (3) is connected to the swing device and moves with the swing device; and the powder distributor is connected to the laser cladding nozzle (3) for transportation via a plurality of pipelines.

2. The process and device for screw alloy strengthening laser cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bed (1) is also equipped with a guide rail assembly, a fixed plate (13) is installed above the guide rail assembly, and the upper and lower adjustment device (2), the swing device, the laser cladding nozzle (3), and the heater (4) are all installed above the fixed plate (13).

3. The process and device for screw alloy strengthening laser cladding according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide rail assembly comprises a rack (14) and a gear (15) meshing with the rack (14); the gear (15) is controlled to rotate by a rotating motor (16); and the rotating motor (16) is mounted on the fixed plate (13).

4. The process and device for screw alloy strengthening laser cladding according to claim 3, characterized in that: An accordion protective cover (17) is installed above the guide rail assembly.

5. The screw alloy strengthening laser cladding process and device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swing device comprises a horizontal moving mechanism and a lifting mechanism, wherein the lifting mechanism comprises a first screw rod (18), the outer wall of the first screw rod (18) is rotatably connected to a first screw rod sleeve (19), the power input end of the first screw rod (18) is connected to the power output end of the first motor through a coupling (20), a first slider (21) is installed on the first screw rod sleeve (19), and the first slider (21) is connected to the horizontal moving mechanism.

6. The process and device for screw alloy strengthening laser cladding according to claim 5, characterized in that: The horizontal moving mechanism comprises a No. 2 screw rod (22), the outer side wall of the No. 2 screw rod (22) being rotatably connected to a No. 2 screw rod sleeve (23), a power input end of the No. 2 screw rod (22) being connected to a power output end of a No. 2 motor via a coupling (20), a No. 2 slider (24) being mounted on the No. 2 screw rod sleeve (23), and the No. 2 slider (24) being connected to a laser cladding nozzle (3) via a fixing seat.

7. The process and device for screw alloy strengthening laser cladding according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The first slider (21) and the second slider (24) are both slidably matched with an upper cover slider (25).

8. The process and device for screw alloy strengthening laser cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1: medium frequency cooling water works; S2: medium frequency device is preheated; S3: cooling water of laser cladding nozzle works; S4: alloy powder is fed to laser cladding nozzle; S5: argon valve is opened; S6: laser cladding nozzle is "ignited"; S7: screw rotates at a constant speed; S8: laser cladding nozzle swings; S9: the entire laser cladding nozzle moves with it; S10: spray welding is completed; S11: laser stops moving; S12: laser cladding nozzle stops swinging; S13: screw stops rotating; S14: laser cladding nozzle is "fired off"; S15: argon valve is closed; S16: feeding of alloy powder is stopped.

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