Dust falling and air exchanging device for tunnel construction and working method

Abstract

The invention discloses a dust-falling and air-exchanging device for tunnel construction and a working method, and relates to the technical field of tunnel construction equipment.The dust-falling and air-exchanging device for tunnel construction comprises a movable base, a rotating bottom plate, a gas filtering mechanism, an atomization dust-falling mechanism and a hose; the gas filtering mechanism comprises a filtering box, a filtering net, a movable sliding plate, a movable sliding seat, a tube bundle clamping hoop and an exhaust assembly, the atomization dust falling mechanism comprises a dust collection barrel and an atomization assembly, and by moving the base and rotating the bottom plate, the device can dynamically adjust the ventilation direction according to the actual airflow trend and dust distribution in a tunnel. Meanwhile, through cooperation of the movable sliding plate, the movable sliding seat and the pipe bundle hoop, air is evenly distributed on different portions of the filter screen, excessive accumulation of dust on the local portion is avoided, the local load of the filter screen is reduced, and therefore the service life of the filter screen is effectively prolonged, and the replacement frequency of the filter screen is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction equipment, and in particular to a dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the process of tunnel construction, many complicated and high-intensity construction links, such as drilling, blasting and excavation, will inevitably produce a considerable amount of dust particles. During drilling, the drill bit rotates at high speed to cut the rock mass, which will produce a large amount of fine rock dust, which quickly spreads in the narrow tunnel space; the huge energy released at the moment of blasting will break the rock into countless tiny particles, accompanied by a strong shock wave, causing the dust to spread widely around; and during excavation, the frequent turning and excavation of large mechanical equipment will continuously raise dust on the ground, further increasing the amount of dust generated.

[0003] At the same time, the relatively closed environment inside the tunnel makes air circulation extremely poor. The narrow and long structure of the tunnel and the limited entrances and exits seriously hinder the effective entry of natural wind and the smooth discharge of air. This makes it difficult for the dirty air accumulated in the tunnel to dissipate, and various harmful gases such as carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and dust generated by construction are mixed together, causing the air quality to drop sharply. Being in such a bad air environment for a long time, the health of construction workers is undoubtedly under serious threat.

[0004] Therefore, during tunnel construction, a ventilation system is usually arranged in the tunnel. This ventilation system usually adopts fixed ventilation pipelines. Although it can reduce the dust concentration in the mine to a certain extent, it is installed in the mine in a fixed form and cannot effectively carry out targeted treatment according to the dust concentration. When the local dust concentration is high, it cannot provide effective help. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a dust reduction ventilation device and a working method for tunnel construction, which solves the problem that fixed ventilation pipelines cannot effectively carry out targeted treatment according to dust concentration and cannot provide effective assistance when the local dust concentration is large.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, a dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction is provided, comprising a mobile base, a rotating base plate, a gas filtering mechanism, an atomizing dust reduction mechanism and a hose, wherein the rotating base plate is rotatably connected to the mobile base, the gas filtering mechanism comprises a filter box, a filter screen, a movable slide plate, a movable slide seat, a tube bundle clamp and an exhaust assembly, the atomizing dust reduction mechanism comprises a dust collection cylinder and an atomizing assembly, the filter box and the dust collection cylinder are respectively fixedly arranged at the two ends of the top of the rotating base plate, the filter screen is arranged in the filter box in a vertical state, a horizontal slide groove is provided on the top of the filter box, the movable slide plate is slidably arranged in the horizontal slide groove in a vertical state, a vertical slide groove is provided on the side of the movable slide plate, the movable slide seat is slidably arranged in the vertical slide groove, the tube bundle clamp is fixedly connected to the movable slide seat, an exhaust port is provided on one side of the filter box, the exhaust assembly is arranged in the exhaust port, the atomizing assembly is arranged at one end of the dust collection cylinder, the other end of the dust collection cylinder is connected to one end of the hose, and the other end of the hose passes through the filter box and is fixedly connected to the tube bundle clamp.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: the gas filtering mechanism also includes a movable plug plate, a plurality of vertical slots arranged in a matrix are opened on the side of the filter box, a plurality of the movable plug plates are cooperatively arranged in the corresponding vertical slots, a through slot is opened on the side of the movable plug plate, and a plurality of the filter nets are fixedly arranged in the corresponding through slots.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: the gas filtering mechanism further comprises a limiting insert rod, a limiting slot is provided at the notch of the vertical slot, and the limiting insert rod is threadedly connected to the limiting slot.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: the atomization assembly includes a water pump, a water inlet pipe and a nozzle, the water pump is connected to the water inlet pipe, the water inlet pipe surrounds one end of the dust collection cylinder, and a plurality of the nozzles are arranged in a ring shape on the outside of the dust collection cylinder and are connected to the water inlet pipe.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the exhaust component includes a bracket, a brushless motor, a boost exhaust blade and a wind speed sensor, the bracket and the wind speed sensor are fixedly arranged in the exhaust port, the brushless motor is fixedly connected to the bracket, and the boost exhaust blade is coaxially fixedly connected to the output end of the brushless motor.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the gas filtering mechanism also includes a horizontal screw rod, the horizontal screw rod is rotatably arranged in a horizontal slide groove, and the movable slide plate is provided with a horizontal rotation hole that cooperates with the horizontal screw rod thread.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the gas filtering mechanism also includes a first motor, the first motor is fixedly connected to the filter box, and the output end of the first motor is coaxially fixedly connected to the horizontal screw rod.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the gas filtering mechanism also includes a vertical screw rod, the vertical screw rod is rotatably arranged in the vertical slide groove, and the movable slide seat is provided with a vertical rotating hole matched with the vertical screw rod thread.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: the gas filtering mechanism further comprises a second motor, the second motor is fixedly connected to the movable slide plate, and the output end of the second motor is coaxially fixedly connected to the vertical screw rod.

[0015] A working method of a dust reduction ventilation device for tunnel construction, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Move the dust reduction and ventilation device to the designated working area in the tunnel by moving the base. Select a suitable initial position to place the device based on factors such as the distribution of dust sources on site, the direction of air circulation, and the construction progress. Then, adjust the direction of the filter box and the dust collector by rotating the bottom plate to aim the dust collector at the main dust generating area as much as possible.

[0016] Step 2: Start the exhaust assembly. The brushless motor drives the supercharged exhaust blades to rotate at high speed, generating high-speed airflow at the exhaust port, thereby forming a negative pressure environment inside the filter box. The negative pressure is transmitted to the dust collection cylinder through the hose, so that the dust-laden air in the tunnel is sucked into the dust collection cylinder under the action of the pressure difference. At the same time, start the atomization assembly. The water pump draws water from the external water source and transports the water through the water inlet pipe surrounding one end of the dust collection cylinder to the nozzles arranged in a ring on the outside of the dust collection cylinder. The nozzles spray out fine water mist.

[0017] Step 3: The air after atomization and dust reduction treatment enters the filter box along the hose. When the air passes through the filter, the dust particles are intercepted and captured by the fine pores of the filter, further reducing the dust content in the air. At the same time, start the first motor and the second motor in the gas filter mechanism according to the actual situation. When the first motor is started, it drives the horizontal screw to rotate. Since the movable slide and the horizontal screw are matched through the horizontal rotating hole thread, the movable slide will move left and right in the horizontal slide, and then drive the movable slide, the tube bundle clamp and the hose to adjust their positions in the horizontal direction, so that the dust-containing air can be more evenly distributed at different horizontal positions of the filter when entering the filter box, avoiding excessive local filtering pressure and dust accumulation. When the second motor is started, it drives the vertical screw to rotate, and the movable slide will move up and down in the vertical slide, so that the air can pass through the filter at different heights, preventing filtering only in a certain height range of the filter, reducing the local filtering burden, extending the service life of the filter, and improving the overall filtering efficiency.

[0018] Step 4: The wind speed sensor monitors the wind speed at the exhaust port in real time. If the wind speed is lower than the preset normal range, it may indicate that the exhaust component is faulty or there is a blockage in the filter box. At this time, it is necessary to stop the machine for inspection and repair or clean the corresponding components, such as cleaning or replacing the filter, checking the working status of the brushless motor and the boost exhaust blades, etc., to ensure that the device can operate normally and stably.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention enables the device to dynamically adjust the ventilation direction according to the actual airflow direction and dust distribution in the tunnel by moving the base and rotating the bottom plate. In some complex tunnel construction environments, there may be problems such as natural wind interference or poor air circulation between different working areas. The present invention can flexibly deliver purified fresh air to where it is most needed, while efficiently exhausting dirty air, achieving precise control of ventilation and avoiding ventilation dead corners and uneven ventilation.

[0020] 2. The present invention distributes the air evenly at different parts of the filter screen through the cooperation between the movable slide plate, the movable slide seat and the tube bundle clamp, thereby avoiding excessive accumulation of dust in some parts and reducing the local load of the filter screen, thereby effectively extending the service life of the filter screen, reducing the replacement frequency of the filter screen, and reducing the purchase cost of the filter screen as well as the manpower and time costs during the replacement process.

[0021] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 The present invention is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the gas filtering mechanism in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the atomization dust reduction mechanism in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vertical chute in the filter box of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the horizontal chute in the filter box of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6It is a structural schematic diagram of the exhaust assembly in the filter box of the present invention.

[0028] Reference numerals include: 1. Mobile base; 2. Rotating bottom plate; 3. Gas filtering mechanism; 4. Atomizing dust suppression mechanism; 5. Hose; 6. Filter box; 7. Filter net; 8. Movable slide plate; 9. Movable slide seat; 10. Tube clamp; 11. Exhaust assembly; 12. Dust collection cylinder; 13. Atomizing assembly; 14. Horizontal slide groove; 15. Vertical slide groove; 16. Exhaust port; 17. Movable plug plate; 18. Vertical slot; 19. Limiting plug rod; 20. Water inlet pipe; 21. Nozzle; 22. Bracket; 23. Brushless motor; 24. Boost exhaust blade; 25. Wind speed sensor; 26. Horizontal screw rod; 27. First motor; 28. Vertical screw rod; 29. ​​Second motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction includes a mobile base 1, a rotating base plate 2, a gas filtering mechanism 3, an atomizing dust reduction mechanism 4 and a hose 5. The rotating base plate 2 is rotatably connected to the mobile base 1. It should be specifically explained that the movement of the mobile base 1 can be achieved by arranging rollers at the bottom of the mobile base 1; a rotating shaft is fixedly arranged on the top of the mobile base 1, and a shaft sleeve rotatably matched with the rotating shaft is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the rotating base plate 2, so as to realize the rotatably matched connection between the rotating base plate 2 and the mobile base 1.

[0031] The gas filtering mechanism 3 includes a filter box 6, a filter screen 7, a movable slide plate 8, a movable slide seat 9, a tube bundle clamp 10 and an exhaust component 11. The atomization dust reduction mechanism 4 includes a dust collection cylinder 12 and an atomization component 13. The filter box 6 and the dust collection cylinder 12 are respectively fixedly arranged at the two ends of the top of the rotating bottom plate 2. The filter screen 7 is vertically arranged in the filter box 6. A horizontal slide groove 14 is provided on the top of the filter box 6. The movable slide plate 8 is vertically slidably arranged in the horizontal slide groove 14. A vertical slide groove 15 is provided on the side of the movable slide plate 8. The movable slide seat 9 is slidably arranged in the vertical slide groove 15. The tube bundle clamp 10 is fixedly connected to the movable slide seat 9. An exhaust port 16 is provided on one side of the filter box 6. The exhaust component 11 is arranged in the exhaust port 16. The atomization component 13 is arranged at one end of the dust collection cylinder 12. The other end of the dust collection cylinder 12 is connected to one end of the hose 5. The other end of the hose 5 passes through the filter box 6 and is fixedly connected to the tube bundle clamp 10.

[0032] The entire dust reduction and ventilation device is moved to a position in the tunnel where dust reduction and ventilation are required by the mobile base 1. Since the rotating base plate 2 is rotatably connected with the mobile base 1, the direction of the filter box 6 and the dust collection cylinder 12 can be flexibly adjusted according to actual conditions to better align them with the dust source and ventilation direction.

[0033] The exhaust component 11 is started to generate a high-speed airflow, which forms a negative pressure in the filter box 6. The negative pressure is transmitted to the dust collection cylinder 12 through the hose 5 connected to the filter box 6, so that the dust-containing air in the tunnel is continuously sucked into the dust collection cylinder 12 under the action of the pressure difference. In the process of entering the dust collection cylinder 12, the dust-containing air will pass through the area where the atomization component 13 is set, and the water mist sprayed by the atomization component 13 is fully mixed with the dust-containing air. The dust-containing air is fully in contact with the water mist, and the dust particles collide, adsorb and condense with the water mist due to factors such as surface tension and inertia, and gradually gather into larger particle clusters, whose mass and particle size are significantly increased, making it easier to be captured and settled in the subsequent filtration process.

[0034] The air after atomization and dust reduction treatment enters the filter box 6 along the hose 5. When the air passes through the filter screen 7, the remaining fine dust particles are effectively intercepted due to the fine pore structure of the filter screen 7, further reducing the dust content in the air.

[0035] At the same time, the combined structure of the movable slide 8, the movable slide seat 9 and the tube bundle clamp 10 plays a role in flexibly fixing and guiding the hose 5, so that the hose 5 can change its outlet position in the filter box 6 within a certain range, thereby guiding the air to be evenly distributed in different parts of the filter screen 7, avoiding excessive accumulation of dust in local areas of the filter screen 7, extending the service life of the filter screen 7, improving the filtration efficiency, and reducing the downtime and maintenance costs caused by frequent replacement and cleaning of the filter screen 7.

[0036] The clean air after double dust reduction treatment by the atomizing component 13 and the filter 7 is finally discharged from the filter box 6 through the exhaust port 16 and re-enters the air circulation system in the tunnel, effectively diluting and replacing the polluted air in the tunnel, realizing a continuous ventilation process, gradually reducing the overall dust concentration in the tunnel, improving the air quality, and creating a relatively clean and safe working environment for construction workers.

[0037] The present invention enables the device to dynamically adjust the ventilation direction according to the actual airflow direction and dust distribution in the tunnel by moving the base 1 and rotating the bottom plate 2. In some complex tunnel construction environments, there may be problems such as natural wind interference or poor air circulation between different working areas. The present invention can flexibly deliver purified fresh air to where it is most needed, while efficiently exhausting dirty air, achieving precise control of ventilation and avoiding ventilation dead corners and uneven ventilation.

[0038] The present invention makes the air evenly distributed in different parts of the filter screen 7 through the cooperation between the movable slide plate 8, the movable slide seat 9 and the tube bundle clamp 10, thereby avoiding excessive accumulation of dust in some parts and reducing the local load of the filter screen 7, thereby effectively extending the service life of the filter screen 7, reducing the replacement frequency of the filter screen 7, and reducing the purchase cost of the filter screen 7 as well as the labor and time costs during the replacement process.

[0039] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in some specific embodiments, the gas filtering mechanism 3 also includes a movable plug plate 17 and a limiting plug rod 19, a plurality of vertical slots 18 arranged in a matrix are provided on the side of the filter box 6, a plurality of movable plug plates 17 are arranged in the corresponding vertical slots 18, a through slot is provided on the side of the movable plug plate 17, a plurality of filter screens 7 are fixedly arranged in the corresponding through slot, a limiting slot is provided at the notch of the vertical slot 18, and the limiting plug rod 19 is threadedly connected with the limiting slot, so that the movable plug plate 17 is firmly fixed in the vertical slot 18, thereby ensuring the stable installation of the filter screen 7 in the filter box 6 and preventing it from being displaced or loosened during the operation of the equipment. When the filter screen 7 needs to be cleaned or replaced after a period of use, the operator only needs to unscrew the limiting plug rod 19 to pull out the corresponding movable plug plate 17 from the vertical slot 18, and quickly take out the filter screen 7 for processing.

[0040] refer to Figure 3 As shown, in some specific embodiments, the atomization assembly 13 includes a water pump, a water inlet pipe 20 and a nozzle 21. The water pump is connected to the water inlet pipe 20, and the water inlet pipe 20 surrounds one end of the dust collection cylinder 12. A plurality of nozzles 21 are arranged in a ring shape on the outside of the dust collection cylinder 12 and are connected to the water inlet pipe 20.

[0041] When the device is started, the water pump starts to work, draws water from an external water source, and transports the water to the pipe surrounding one end of the dust collection cylinder 12 through the water inlet pipe 20. Then, water is sprayed out from a number of nozzles 21 arranged in a ring shape on the outside of the dust collection cylinder 12 to form a fine water mist. When the dust-laden air is sucked into the dust collection cylinder 12, it will pass through this layer of water mist area, so that the dust particles are fully in contact with the water mist. Due to the presence of water mist, water molecules will be adsorbed on the surface of the dust particles, and the dust particles will also aggregate with each other due to the bonding effect of the water mist, gradually forming larger particle clusters. The mass of these particle clusters increases, and they are more easily affected by gravity and inertia in the subsequent air flow process, so that they are easy to be captured and settled in the subsequent filtration link, thereby achieving the purpose of dust reduction.

[0042] refer to Figure 6 As shown, in some specific embodiments, the exhaust assembly 11 includes a bracket 22, a brushless motor 23, a boost exhaust blade 24 and a wind speed sensor 25. The bracket 22 and the wind speed sensor 25 are fixedly arranged in the exhaust port 16, the brushless motor 23 is fixedly connected to the bracket 22, and the boost exhaust blade 24 is coaxially fixedly connected to the output end of the brushless motor 23.

[0043] When the device starts working, the brushless motor 23 starts, and its output end starts to rotate, driving the boost exhaust blade 24 coaxially fixedly connected thereto to rotate at high speed. During the rotation process, the boost exhaust blade 24 pushes the treated air in the filter box 6 to the outside of the exhaust port 16, generating a high-speed airflow in the exhaust port 16. This high-speed airflow generates a low-pressure area in the exhaust port 16, thereby forming a negative pressure in the filter box 6, prompting the dust-containing air to be continuously sucked into the dust collection cylinder 12, and after atomization dust reduction and filtration, finally pushes the purified air out of the filter box 6.

[0044] The wind speed sensor 25 is fixed in the exhaust port 16 to monitor the wind speed at the exhaust port 16 in real time. By measuring the wind speed, the exhaust effect and the state of the airflow can be fed back in real time, providing data support for the monitoring and adjustment of the operating state of the device. When the wind speed is abnormal, for example, lower than the set normal range, this may mean that the exhaust component 11 is faulty or the filter box 6 is blocked. The operating parameters of the device can be adjusted in time or maintenance can be performed to ensure the normal operation of the dust reduction ventilation device.

[0045] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in some specific embodiments, the gas filtering mechanism 3 also includes a horizontal screw rod 26, a first motor 27, a vertical screw rod 28 and a second motor 29. The horizontal screw rod 26 is rotatably arranged in the horizontal slide groove 14, and the movable slide plate 8 is provided with a horizontal rotating hole threadedly matched with the horizontal screw rod 26. The first motor 27 is fixedly connected to the filter box 6, and the output end of the first motor 27 is coaxially fixedly connected to the horizontal screw rod 26.

[0046] When the first motor 27 is started, the horizontal screw rod 26 is driven, thereby driving the movable slide plate 8, the movable slide seat 9 and the tube bundle clamp 10 to move left and right in the horizontal slide groove 14, thereby changing the horizontal position of the hose 5 in the filter box 6, so that the dust-containing air can be more evenly distributed at different horizontal positions of the filter screen 7 when entering the filter box 6, avoiding excessive local filtration pressure and dust accumulation caused by air entering in one place.

[0047] The vertical screw rod 28 is rotatably arranged in the vertical slide groove 15 , and the movable slide seat 9 is provided with a vertical rotating hole threadedly matched with the vertical screw rod 28 , the second motor 29 is fixedly connected to the movable slide plate 8 , and the output end of the second motor 29 is coaxially fixedly connected to the vertical screw rod 28 .

[0048] When the second motor 29 is started, the vertical screw rod 28 is driven to rotate, thereby driving the movable slide 9 and the tube bundle clamp 10 to move up and down in the vertical slide 15. In this way, air can pass through the filter screen 7 at different heights, avoiding filtering only in a certain height range of the filter screen 7, preventing excessive local filtering burden, and extending the service life of the filter screen 7.

[0049] In order to facilitate the understanding of the embodiments of the present solution by those skilled in the art, the working method of a dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction is now described in combination with a specific application scenario: Step 1: Move the dust reduction and ventilation device to the designated working area in the tunnel by moving the base 1. Select a suitable initial position to place the device according to factors such as the distribution of dust sources on site, the direction of air circulation, and the construction progress. Then, adjust the direction of the filter box 6 and the dust collection cylinder 12 by rotating the base plate 2 so that the dust collection cylinder 12 is aimed at the main dust generation area as much as possible.

[0050] Step 2: Start the exhaust assembly 11, the brushless motor 23 drives the boost exhaust blade 24 to rotate at high speed, generating high-speed airflow at the exhaust port 16, thereby forming a negative pressure environment inside the filter box 6. The negative pressure is transmitted to the dust collection cylinder 12 through the hose 5, so that the dust-laden air in the tunnel is sucked into the dust collection cylinder 12 under the action of the pressure difference. At the same time, start the atomization assembly 13, the water pump draws water from the external water source, and transports the water through the water inlet pipe 20 surrounding one end of the dust collection cylinder 12 to the nozzle 21 arranged in a ring outside the dust collection cylinder 12, and the nozzle 21 sprays a fine water mist.

[0051] Step 3: The air after atomization and dust reduction treatment enters the filter box 6 along the hose 5. When the air passes through the filter screen 7, the dust particles are intercepted and captured by the fine pores of the filter screen 7, further reducing the dust content in the air. At the same time, the first motor 27 and the second motor 29 in the gas filter mechanism 3 are started according to the actual situation. When the first motor 27 is started, it drives the horizontal screw rod 26 to rotate. Since the movable slide plate 8 and the horizontal screw rod 26 are threadedly matched through the horizontal rotating hole, the movable slide plate 8 will move left and right in the horizontal slide groove 14, thereby driving the movable slide seat 9, the tube bundle clamp 10 and the hose 5 to adjust their positions in the horizontal direction, so that the dust-containing air can be more evenly distributed at different horizontal positions of the filter screen 7 when entering the filter box 6, avoiding excessive local filtering pressure and dust accumulation. When the second motor 29 is started, it drives the vertical screw rod 28 to rotate, and the movable slide seat 9 will move up and down in the vertical slide groove 15, so that the air can pass through the filter screen 7 at different heights, preventing filtering only in a certain height range of the filter screen 7, reducing the local filtering burden, extending the service life of the filter screen 7, and improving the overall filtering efficiency.

[0052] Step 4: The wind speed sensor 25 monitors the wind speed at the exhaust port 16 in real time. If the wind speed is lower than the preset normal range, it may indicate that the exhaust component 11 is faulty or there is a blockage in the filter box 6. At this time, it is necessary to stop the machine for inspection and repair or clean the corresponding components, such as cleaning or replacing the filter 7, checking the working status of the brushless motor 23 and the boost exhaust blades 24, etc., to ensure that the device can operate normally and stably.

[0053] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A dust reduction ventilation device for tunnel construction, characterized in that: The invention comprises a movable base (1), a rotating base plate (2), a gas filtering mechanism (3), an atomizing dust reduction mechanism (4) and a hose (5); the rotating base plate (2) is rotatably connected to the movable base (1); the gas filtering mechanism (3) comprises a filter box (6), a filter screen (7), a movable slide plate (8), a movable slide seat (9), a tube bundle clamp (10) and an exhaust assembly (11); the atomizing dust reduction mechanism (4) comprises a dust collection cylinder (12) and an atomizing assembly (13); the filter box (6) and the dust collection cylinder (12) are respectively fixedly arranged at two ends of the top of the rotating base plate (2); the filter screen (7) is arranged in a vertical state in the filter box (6); and a water pipe is provided on the top of the filter box (6). The movable slide plate (8) is slidably arranged in a vertical state in the horizontal slide groove (14), a vertical slide groove (15) is provided on the side of the movable slide plate (8), the movable slide seat (9) is slidably arranged in the vertical slide groove (15), the tube bundle clamp (10) is fixedly connected to the movable slide seat (9), an exhaust port (16) is provided on one side of the filter box (6), the exhaust assembly (11) is arranged in the exhaust port (16), the atomization assembly (13) is arranged at one end of the dust collection cylinder (12), the other end of the dust collection cylinder (12) is connected to one end of the hose (5), and the other end of the hose (5) passes through the filter box (6) and is fixedly connected to the tube bundle clamp (10).

2. A dust reduction ventilation device for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas filtering mechanism (3) further comprises a movable plug plate (17), a side of the filter box (6) is provided with a plurality of vertical slots (18) arranged in a matrix, a plurality of the movable plug plates (17) are cooperatively arranged in corresponding vertical slots (18), a side of the movable plug plate (17) is provided with a through slot, and a plurality of the filter screens (7) are fixedly arranged in the corresponding through slots.

3. A dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas filtering mechanism (3) further comprises a limiting insertion rod (19), a limiting slot being provided at the notch of the vertical slot (18), and the limiting insertion rod (19) being threadably connected to the limiting slot.

4. A dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The atomizing assembly (13) comprises a water pump, a water inlet pipe (20) and a nozzle (21); the water pump is connected to the water inlet pipe (20); the water inlet pipe (20) surrounds one end of the dust collection cylinder (12); a plurality of nozzles (21) are arranged in a ring shape outside the dust collection cylinder (12) and are connected to the water inlet pipe (20).

5. A dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The exhaust assembly (11) comprises a bracket (22), a brushless motor (23), a pressurized exhaust blade (24) and a wind speed sensor (25); the bracket (22) and the wind speed sensor (25) are fixedly arranged in the exhaust port (16); the brushless motor (23) is fixedly connected to the bracket (22); and the pressurized exhaust blade (24) is coaxially fixedly connected to an output end of the brushless motor (23).

6. A dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gas filtering mechanism (3) further comprises a horizontal screw rod (26), wherein the horizontal screw rod (26) is rotatably arranged in the horizontal slide groove (14), and the movable slide plate (8) is provided with a horizontal rotation hole threadably matched with the horizontal screw rod (26).

7. A dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gas filtering mechanism (3) further comprises a first motor (27), the first motor (27) being fixedly connected to the filter box (6), and the output end of the first motor (27) being coaxially fixedly connected to the horizontal screw rod (26).

8. A dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction according to claim 7, characterized in that: The gas filtering mechanism (3) further comprises a vertical screw rod (28), wherein the vertical screw rod (28) is rotatably arranged in the vertical slide groove (15), and the movable slide seat (9) is provided with a vertical rotation hole that is threadably matched with the vertical screw rod (28).

9. A dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction according to claim 8, characterized in that: The gas filtering mechanism (3) further comprises a second motor (29), the second motor (29) being fixedly connected to the movable slide plate (8), and the output end of the second motor (29) being coaxially fixedly connected to the vertical screw rod (28).

10. A working method of a dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction, implemented by the dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Move the dust reduction and ventilation device to a designated working area in the tunnel by means of a mobile base (1); select a suitable initial position to place the device according to factors such as the distribution of dust sources on site, the direction of air circulation, and the construction progress; then, rotate the base plate (2) to adjust the directions of the filter box (6) and the dust collection cylinder (12) so that the dust collection cylinder (12) is aligned with the main dust generation area; Step 2: Start the exhaust assembly (11), the brushless motor (23) drives the boost exhaust blades (24) to rotate at high speed, and a high-speed airflow is generated at the exhaust port (16), thereby forming a negative pressure environment inside the filter box (6). The negative pressure is transmitted to the dust collection cylinder (12) through the hose (5), so that the dust-containing air in the tunnel is sucked into the dust collection cylinder (12) under the action of the pressure difference. At the same time, the atomization assembly (13) is started, and a water pump draws water from an external water source and transports the water to the nozzles (21) arranged in a ring shape on the outside of the dust collection cylinder (12) through the water inlet pipe (20) surrounding one end of the dust collection cylinder (12), and the nozzles (21) spray out fine water mist; Step 3: The air after atomization and dust reduction treatment enters the filter box (6) along the hose (5). When the air passes through the filter (7), the dust particles are intercepted and captured by the filter (7), thereby further reducing the dust content in the air. At the same time, the first motor (27) and the second motor (29) in the gas filter mechanism (3) are started. When the first motor (27) is started, the horizontal screw rod (26) is driven to rotate. Since the movable slide plate (8) and the horizontal screw rod (26) are engaged with each other through the horizontal rotating hole thread, the movable slide plate (8) will move left and right in the horizontal slide groove (14), thereby driving the movable slide seat (9), the tube bundle clamp (10) and the hose (5) to adjust their positions in the horizontal direction, so that the dust-containing air can be more evenly distributed at different horizontal positions of the filter (7) when entering the filter box (6). When the second motor (29) is started, the vertical screw rod (28) is driven to rotate, and the movable slide seat (9) will move up and down in the vertical slide groove (15), thereby allowing the air to pass through the filter (7) at different heights. Step 4: The wind speed sensor (25) monitors the wind speed at the exhaust port (16) in real time. If the wind speed is lower than a preset normal range, it indicates that the exhaust assembly (11) is faulty or there is a blockage in the filter box (6). In this case, it is necessary to stop the machine for inspection and repair or clean the corresponding components, clean or replace the filter (7), check the working status of the brushless motor (23) and the boost exhaust blades (24), etc., to ensure that the device can operate normally and stably.

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