Combustor and combustion furnace system

Abstract

The invention discloses a combustor and a combustion furnace system, and the combustor comprises a central hydrogen spraying cylinder which is used for conveying and igniting hydrogen; the air and powder channel is arranged on the outer side of the central hydrogen spraying cylinder in a sleeving manner and used for conveying air and powder mixed airflow composed of primary air and pulverized coal; the multi-stage air injection device is arranged on the outer side of the air powder channel and used for at least conveying ammonia gas, and an air injection flaring is formed in the outlet end of the multi-stage air injection device; and the secondary air device is arranged on the outer side of the multi-stage air injection device and used for conveying secondary air. Hydrogen can be supplied in the combustion process through the center hydrogen spraying cylinder, and the stability and efficiency of ammonia combustion are improved. Ammonia gas can be supplied step by step through the multi-stage gas injection device, high-concentration and low-concentration ammonia-doped stable combustion can be achieved, and emission of nitric oxide is remarkably reduced. The device is applied to a combustion furnace system, emission of carbon dioxide and nitric oxide generated by pulverized coal combustion can be greatly reduced, and generation of pollutants can be effectively controlled under the condition that a combustion furnace is not greatly transformed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of combustion furnaces, and more specifically, to a burner and a combustion furnace system. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous growth of energy demand and the increasing pressure of environmental protection, the improvement and optimization of combustion technology has become a hot topic in current research. Although traditional coal combustion is one of the main ways to obtain energy, the pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide it emits have a serious impact on the environment. In order to reduce the emission of pollutants during the combustion process, it is imperative to develop efficient and low-pollution combustion technology.

[0003] As a carbon-free fuel, ammonia has a wide range of application potentials, and co-firing with coal can effectively reduce carbon dioxide emissions. However, ammonia combustion has problems such as difficulty in ignition, poor combustion stability, slow flame propagation speed, and the potential for large amounts of nitrogen oxides.

[0004] Therefore, how to achieve efficient and pollution-free mixed combustion of ammonia and coal is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the object of the present application is to provide a burner to achieve efficient and pollution-free mixed combustion of ammonia and coal;

[0006] Another object of the present application is to provide a combustion furnace system having the above-mentioned burner.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] The first aspect of the present application provides a burner, comprising:

[0009] A central hydrogen spray cylinder is used to transport and ignite hydrogen to form a hydrogen flame;

[0010] An air-powder channel is sleeved on the outer side of the central hydrogen spray cylinder and is used to convey an air-powder mixed airflow consisting of primary air and coal powder, and the hydrogen flame can ignite the air-powder mixed airflow;

[0011] A multi-stage jet device is arranged outside the air-powder channel and is used to at least transport ammonia gas, and an jet expansion port is arranged at the outlet end of the multi-stage jet device;

[0012] The secondary air device is arranged outside the multi-stage air injection device and is used for conveying secondary air.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the multi-stage jet device includes at least one of a primary jet device, a secondary jet device, and a tertiary jet device;

[0014] The first-stage jet device is arranged outside the air-powder channel, and is used to transport and jet ammonia gas. The jet expansion port arranged at the outlet of the first-stage jet device is a first-stage jet expansion port.

[0015] The secondary jet device is arranged outside the primary jet device and is used to transport and jet ammonia and / or hydrogen;

[0016] The three-stage jet device is arranged outside the two-stage jet device, and is used for conveying and jetting ammonia. The jet expansion port arranged at the outlet of the three-stage jet device is a three-stage jet expansion port.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the primary jet device includes a primary gas injection channel, a primary jet panel and a primary jet port, the primary jet panel is sleeved on the central hydrogen spray cylinder, the primary jet expansion port is two, which are respectively arranged on the inner ring side and the outer ring side of the primary jet panel, the primary jet port is a plurality of ports arranged on the primary jet panel, and is used to spray ammonia, the primary gas injection channel is connected to the primary jet ports in a one-to-one correspondence, and is used to transport ammonia to the primary jet ports;

[0018] and / or,

[0019] The secondary gas injection device comprises a secondary gas injection channel, a secondary gas injection elbow and a secondary gas injection port. The secondary gas injection elbow is multiple and surrounds the outer side of the primary gas injection panel. One end of the secondary gas injection elbow is connected to the secondary gas injection channel, and the other end is connected to the secondary gas injection port. The secondary gas injection channel is used to transport ammonia and / or hydrogen to the secondary gas injection elbow, and spray it out from the secondary gas injection port.

[0020] and / or,

[0021] The three-stage jet device comprises a three-stage internal gas injection channel, a three-stage external gas injection channel, a three-stage jet elbow, a three-stage internal jet port and a three-stage external jet port. The outlet ends of the three-stage internal gas injection channel and the three-stage external gas injection channel are both provided with the three-stage jet elbow. The port of the three-stage jet elbow communicated with the three-stage internal gas injection channel is connected to the three-stage internal jet port, and the port of the three-stage jet elbow communicated with the three-stage external gas injection channel is connected to the three-stage external jet port. The three-stage internal gas injection channel is used to transport ammonia gas and is ejected from the three-stage internal jet port, and the three-stage external gas injection channel is used to transport ammonia gas and is ejected from the three-stage external jet port.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the multi-stage jet device further includes a three-stage jet panel, the three-stage jet panel is an annular structure, the inner circle is a polygonal star structure, the outer circle is a circle, and the three-stage jet expansion port is arranged on the outer circle of the three-stage jet panel;

[0023] The secondary gas injection channel and the secondary gas injection elbow are positioned at each vertex groove of the inner circle of the tertiary gas injection panel;

[0024] The three-stage jet panel is provided with an inner positioning hole and an outer positioning hole, wherein the inner positioning hole is provided at each vertex protrusion of the three-stage jet panel and is used to position the three-stage internal gas injection channel and the three-stage jet elbow connected to the three-stage internal gas injection channel;

[0025] The outer positioning hole is located outside the inner positioning hole, and one outer positioning hole is correspondingly arranged on the two sides of any one of the top corner protrusions, and the outer positioning hole is used to position the three-stage external gas injection channel and the three-stage jet elbow connected to the three-stage external gas injection channel.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the secondary jet elbow is detachably arranged on the secondary gas injection channel;

[0027] and / or

[0028] The secondary gas injection elbow is rotatably arranged on the secondary gas injection channel;

[0029] The three-stage jet elbow is detachably arranged on the three-stage inner gas injection channel and the three-stage outer gas injection channel;

[0030] and / or

[0031] The three-stage jet elbow is rotatably arranged on the three-stage inner gas injection channel and the three-stage outer gas injection channel.

[0032] In a possible implementation, the three-stage gas injection device further includes a three-stage gas injection main channel and an adjustable connecting cavity, the three-stage inner gas injection channel and the three-stage outer gas injection channel are connected to the three-stage gas injection main channel through the adjustable connecting cavity, and the three-stage gas injection main channel is used to input ammonia gas into the adjustable connecting cavity;

[0033] An adjustable baffle is arranged in the adjustable connecting cavity, and the adjustable baffle is used to adjust the connection state between at least one of the three-level internal gas injection channel and the three-level external gas injection channel and the three-level gas injection main channel.

[0034] In a possible implementation, the secondary air device includes an inner secondary air device and an outer secondary air device;

[0035] The inner secondary air device is arranged outside the multi-stage jet device, and an inner secondary air channel is formed between the inner secondary air device and the multi-stage jet device, the inner secondary air channel is used to transport the inner secondary air, the inner secondary air channel is provided with inner secondary swirl blades, and the outlet end of the inner secondary air device is provided with an inner secondary air expansion port;

[0036] The external secondary air device is arranged on the outside of the secondary air device, and forms an external secondary air channel between the external secondary air device and the internal secondary air device. The external secondary air channel is used to transport external secondary air. External secondary air blades are arranged in the external secondary air channel, and an external secondary air expansion port is arranged at the outlet end of the external secondary air device.

[0037] The burner provided in the present application can supply hydrogen during the combustion process through a central hydrogen spray cylinder, further enhancing the stability and efficiency of ammonia combustion. Ammonia can be supplied step by step through a multi-stage jet device, which can achieve stable combustion of high-concentration and low-concentration ammonia blends, and significantly reduce nitrogen oxide emissions. The present invention can be directly applied to existing combustion furnace systems, which can not only significantly reduce carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions generated by coal powder combustion, but also effectively control the generation of pollutants without significantly modifying the combustion furnace. Therefore, the present invention is of great significance in improving combustion efficiency and environmental protection performance, and provides an innovative solution for realizing the application of clean energy.

[0038] A second aspect of the present application provides a combustion furnace system, comprising:

[0039] Combustion furnace;

[0040] A burner is connected to the furnace of the combustion furnace, and the burner is a burner as described in any one of the above items.

[0041] The third aspect of the present application provides a combustion furnace system, comprising:

[0042] Combustion furnace;

[0043] A burner, connected to the furnace of the combustion furnace, wherein the burner is a burner as described in any one of the above items;

[0044] A grid injection device is connected to the furnace of the combustion furnace;

[0045] Liquid ammonia tank, used to provide and store liquid ammonia;

[0046] a water bath type vaporizer, the inlet end of which is connected to the outlet of the liquid ammonia tank, and is used to convert the liquid ammonia transported by the liquid ammonia tank into gaseous ammonia;

[0047] A buffer tank, the inlet end of which is connected to the outlet end of the water bath vaporizer, and is used to temporarily store the ammonia converted by the water bath vaporizer;

[0048] A premixer and an ammonia-hydrogen cracker, wherein the premixer is used to mix ammonia and air, and its inlet end is connected to the buffer tank, and its outlet end is respectively connected to the ammonia-hydrogen cracker and the three-stage injection device; the ammonia-hydrogen cracker is used to crack ammonia into hydrogen, and its outlet end is respectively connected to the two-stage injection device and the grid injection device.

[0049] In a possible implementation, the combustion furnace system further includes a coal mill, a pulverizer, a primary air fan and a secondary air fan, wherein the coal mill is used to output pulverized coal, and the pulverized coal and primary air are transported to the air-powder channel through the pulverizer and the primary air fan, and the secondary air fan is used to transport the secondary air to the secondary air device;

[0050] and / or,

[0051] The combustion furnace system further includes an air preheater, an economizer, a dust removal device and an induced draft fan, wherein the air preheater is used to preheat the primary air and the secondary air by utilizing the waste heat of the flue gas of the combustion furnace, the economizer is used to preheat the boiler feed water by utilizing the waste heat of the flue gas of the combustion furnace, the dust removal device is used to filter the dust and particulate matter in the flue gas of the combustion furnace, and the induced draft fan is used to extract the flue gas of the combustion furnace and discharge it through a chimney;

[0052] and / or,

[0053] The combustion furnace is a four-corner tangential furnace, and the burners are arranged at the four corners of the four-corner tangential furnace;

[0054] and / or,

[0055] The grid injection device is consistent with the elevation of the burner, and the grid injection device is arranged on two opposite sides of the combustion furnace;

[0056] and / or,

[0057] The grid injection device comprises a spray box, a grid panel, a grid nozzle and a grid channel. Grid slots are arranged at both ends of the spray box. The grid panel is detachably connected to the grid slots. The grid nozzle is arranged on the grid panel. The grid channel is respectively connected to the spray box and the outlet end of the ammonia-hydrogen cracker.

[0058] The combustion furnace system provided in the present application has all the technical effects of the above-mentioned burner, and will not be described in detail herein. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0060] Figure 1 A side view of a burner disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] Figure 2A cross-sectional view of a burner disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a burner disclosed in an embodiment of the present application at one angle;

[0063] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the burner disclosed in the embodiment of the present application from another angle;

[0064] Figure 5 It is a partial enlarged view of the burner outlet side disclosed in the embodiment of the present application;

[0065] Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of the central hydrogen spray cylinder disclosed in the embodiment of the present application;

[0066] Figure 7 It is a partial enlarged view of the multi-stage jet device disclosed in the embodiment of the present application;

[0067] Figure 8 This is an expanded view of the combustion furnace disclosed in the embodiment of the present application;

[0068] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the grid spraying device disclosed in the embodiment of the present application;

[0069] Fig.10 It is a front view of the grid spraying device disclosed in the embodiment of the present application;

[0070] Fig.11 A side view of a grid spraying device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0071] Fig.12 This is a system diagram of the combustion furnace system disclosed in the embodiment of the present application.

[0072] The meanings of the reference numerals in the figures are as follows:

[0073] 000-burner;

[0074] 100-central hydrogen spray cylinder; 110-hydrogen delivery channel; 120-hydrogen spray port; 130-lighter;

[0075] 211-first-stage gas injection channel; 213-first-stage jet outlet; 214-first-stage jet panel; 221-second-stage gas injection channel; 222-second-stage jet elbow; 223-second-stage jet outlet; 231-third-stage gas injection main channel; 2311-third-stage inner gas injection channel; 232-third-stage jet elbow; 233-third-stage inner jet outlet; 234-third-stage outer jet outlet; 235-third-stage jet panel;

[0076] 310-wind powder channel;

[0077] 410-secondary air device; 411-inner secondary swirl blade; 412-inner secondary air channel; 420-secondary air device; 421-outer secondary swirl blade; 422-outer secondary air channel;

[0078] 510-first stage jet expansion; 520-third stage jet expansion; 530-inner secondary air expansion; 540-outer secondary air expansion;

[0079] 600-grid injection device; 610-grid slot; 620-grid panel; 630-grid nozzle; 640-grid channel;

[0080] 700-burnout air injection device;

[0081] 800-heating surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0082] The core of this application is to provide a burner to enhance the stability of ammonia combustion and increase the combustion temperature;

[0083] Another core of the present application is to provide a combustion furnace system having the above-mentioned burner.

[0084] The following describes the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, the embodiments shown below do not limit the content of the application described in the claims. In addition, the entire content of the composition represented by the following embodiments is not limited to the solution required as the application described in the claims. It should be noted that, for the convenience of description, only the parts related to the relevant application are shown in the drawings. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0085] The applicant has found that hydrogen, as an efficient and clean fuel, only produces water during combustion and does not pollute the environment. In addition, the high combustion calorific value and high-altitude flow flame combustion speed of hydrogen enable it to significantly improve the flame stability and combustion efficiency during the combustion process. Therefore, introducing hydrogen into the mixed combustion of ammonia and coal can not only improve the combustion efficiency, but also reduce pollutant emissions.

[0086] Based on this, the embodiment of the present application discloses a burner, such as Figure 1-Figure 7As shown, the burner includes a central hydrogen spray cylinder 100, an air-powder channel 310, a multi-stage jet device and a secondary air device. Among them, the central hydrogen spray cylinder 100 is used to transport and ignite hydrogen. For example, the central hydrogen spray cylinder 100 may include a hydrogen delivery channel 110, a hydrogen spray port 120 and an igniter 130. Among them, the hydrogen delivery channel 110 can be a cylindrical tubular structure, which is used to transport hydrogen to the position of the hydrogen spray port 120. The hydrogen delivery channel 110 is connected to the hydrogen spray port 120, and the nozzle end of the central hydrogen spray cylinder 100 can be designed as a truncated cone structure, on which a plurality of hydrogen spray ports 120 of the same / inconsistent size are evenly arranged, and the igniter 130 can be arranged at the connection between the hydrogen spray port 120 and the hydrogen delivery channel 110. When hydrogen is sprayed out, the igniter 130 is started to ignite the hydrogen, forming a hydrogen flame that sprays all around. The hydrogen flame can ignite the coal powder and primary air sprayed from the air-powder channel 310.

[0087] The air-powder channel 310 is sleeved on the outside of the central hydrogen spray cylinder 100, and is used to convey the air-powder mixed airflow composed of primary air and coal powder. The multi-stage jet device is arranged on the outside of the air-powder channel 310, and is used to convey at least ammonia, and the outlet end of the multi-stage jet device is provided with a jet expansion. The jet expansion can control the injection angle of ammonia, avoid the area with the most abundant oxygen in the early stage of combustion, and inject ammonia from the relatively oxygen-deficient area. The nitrogen oxides generated in the early stage of coal powder combustion can be partially reduced by the ammonia injected by the multi-stage jet device, and the generation of nitrogen oxides can be effectively controlled in the early stage of combustion. In addition, the combustion of ammonia in an oxygen-deficient environment can also reduce the generation of nitrogen oxides.

[0088] The hydrogen injected through the central hydrogen spray cylinder 100 can ignite the air-powder mixed airflow after passing through the igniter 130. The central hydrogen spray cylinder 100 can provide a relatively high heat after the hydrogen is ignited to ignite the fully mixed air-powder mixed airflow. After the air-powder mixed airflow is ignited, it will continue to release heat, creating a high-temperature flue gas environment, which is conducive to the full combustion of coal powder.

[0089] The secondary air device is arranged outside the multi-stage jet device and is used to deliver the secondary air. The secondary air is located outside the multi-stage jet device, which can avoid the initial combustion of the air-powder mixed airflow and inject sufficient oxygen into the later stage of combustion, thereby ensuring the lack of oxygen in the air-powder mixed airflow in the initial stage of combustion and reducing the generation of nitrogen oxides in the initial stage of combustion.

[0090] The burner provided in the present application can supply hydrogen during the combustion process through the central hydrogen injection cylinder 100, further enhancing the stability and efficiency of ammonia combustion. Ammonia can be supplied step by step through a multi-stage injection device, which can achieve stable combustion of high-concentration and low-concentration ammonia blends, and significantly reduce nitrogen oxide emissions. The present invention can be directly applied to existing combustion furnace systems, which can not only significantly reduce carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions generated by coal powder combustion, but also effectively control the generation of pollutants without significantly modifying the combustion furnace. Therefore, the present invention is of great significance in improving combustion efficiency and environmental protection performance, and provides an innovative solution for realizing the application of clean energy.

[0091] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the multi-stage jet device may include at least one of a primary jet device, a secondary jet device, and a tertiary jet device. In order to facilitate the distinction of the jet medium of each jet device, the jet medium of the primary jet device, the secondary jet device, and the tertiary jet device are named in this embodiment. The primary jet device jets primary ammonia, the secondary jet device jets secondary ammonia and / or hydrogen, and the tertiary jet device jets tertiary ammonia.

[0092] The primary jet device is disposed outside the air-powder channel 310 for conveying and jetting ammonia (i.e., primary ammonia), and the jet expansion port disposed at the outlet of the primary jet device is the primary jet expansion port 510. The cone angle of the primary jet expansion port 510 may be 145°, and it should be noted that the cone angle of the primary jet expansion port 510 may also be designed to be other, not limited to 145°, and those skilled in the art may design the above angle according to requirements.

[0093] In addition, the angle of the first-stage jet expansion port 510 can be adjusted. For example, before the equipment is overhauled or operated, the first-stage jet expansion port 510 can be replaced to select a first-stage jet expansion port 510 with a suitable cone angle. The first-stage jet expansion port 510 can control the injection angle of the first-stage ammonia gas, avoiding the area with the most oxygen in the early stage of combustion and injecting it from the relatively oxygen-deficient area. The nitrogen oxides generated in the early stage of coal powder combustion can be partially reduced by the first-stage ammonia gas. The generation of nitrogen oxides is effectively controlled in the early stage of combustion.

[0094] The main function of the first-stage jet device is to change the mixing ratio of ammonia and coal powder. Those skilled in the art can understand that the nitrogen oxides emitted by ammonia and coal powder first increase and then decrease with the ammonia-coal mixing ratio. Therefore, both lower mixed ammonia ratios and higher mixed ammonia ratios will effectively reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides. When the effect of reducing nitrogen oxides is poor, the proportion of primary ammonia in the first-stage jet device can be increased, and the primary ammonia with a high mixed ammonia ratio can be injected into the air-powder mixed airflow, and injected into the furnace along the airflow streamline of the air-powder mixed airflow. This method can effectively improve the reduction of nitrogen oxides in the early stage of combustion and promote the reduction effect of primary ammonia.

[0095] The secondary jet device is arranged outside the primary jet device, and is used to transport and spray ammonia and / or hydrogen. According to the different spray angles set by the secondary jet device, the secondary ammonia and / or hydrogen can be uniformly injected into the primary air pulverized coal flame or the oxygen-deficient atmosphere after combustion.

[0096] The third-stage jet device is arranged outside the second-stage jet device for conveying and jetting ammonia. The jet expansion port arranged at the outlet of the third-stage jet device is the third-stage jet expansion port 520. The third-stage jet expansion port 520 is a device for providing diversion for secondary air.

[0097] Further, the primary jet device may include a primary gas injection channel 211, a primary jet panel 214 and a primary jet port 213. Among them, the primary jet panel 214 is sleeved on the central hydrogen spray cylinder 100, there are two primary jet expansion ports 510, which are respectively arranged on the inner ring side and the outer ring side of the primary jet panel 214, and the primary jet port 213 is arranged on the primary jet panel 214. A plurality of primary jet ports 213 are arranged on the primary jet panel 214 for ejecting ammonia, and the primary gas injection channel 211 is connected to the primary jet ports 213 in a one-to-one correspondence, and is used to transport ammonia to the primary jet ports 213. It should be noted that the primary jet panel 214 can be designed as a circular ring structure, on which a plurality of primary jet ports 213 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction. Ammonia enters from the primary gas injection channel 211 and is ejected from the primary jet port 213.

[0098] The secondary jet device includes a secondary gas injection channel 221, a secondary jet elbow 222 and a secondary jet port 223. There are multiple secondary jet elbows 222, which surround the outer side of the primary jet panel 214. It should be noted that the secondary jet elbow 222 needs to correspond one-to-one with the secondary gas injection channel 221 and the secondary jet port 223, so the number of the three needs to be equal. The secondary gas injection channel 221 can be a cylindrical tubular structure, and of course it can also be designed into other shapes according to demand. The secondary jet elbow 222 is a curved pipe structure in which the incoming airflow and the ejected airflow are not in a straight line, so that the injection direction of the secondary jet port 223 can be adjusted through the secondary jet elbow 222, so that the secondary jet port 223 is not in the same straight line with the secondary gas injection channel 221.

[0099] One end of the secondary jet elbow 222 is connected to the secondary gas injection channel 221, and the other end is connected to the secondary jet port 223. The secondary gas injection channel 221 is used to transport ammonia and / or hydrogen to the secondary jet elbow 222, and spray it out from the secondary jet port 223 and into the combustion furnace.

[0100] In this embodiment, the secondary jet elbow 222 can be detachably arranged on the secondary gas injection channel 221, so that the secondary jet elbow 222 with other angles (referring to the angle between the incoming airflow and the outgoing airflow of the secondary jet elbow 222) can be selected by disassembling and replacing the secondary jet elbow 222. The angle range of the secondary jet elbow 222 can be 45°-145°, and the secondary jet elbow 222 with the corresponding angle can be selected according to the needs to ensure that the secondary ammonia and / or hydrogen can be uniformly injected into the primary air pulverized coal flame or the oxygen-deficient atmosphere after combustion. In addition, the injection direction of the secondary jet port 223 can be adjusted by different orientation angles when installing the secondary jet elbow 222.

[0101] In addition, the secondary jet elbow 222 can also be rotatably arranged on the secondary gas injection channel 221. When the equipment is repaired, the secondary jet elbow 222 can be rotated to adjust the orientation angle of the secondary jet elbow 222, and then the injection direction of the secondary jet port 223 can be adjusted.

[0102] The three-stage jet device includes a three-stage inner gas injection channel 2311, a three-stage outer gas injection channel, a three-stage jet elbow 232, a three-stage inner jet port 233 and a three-stage outer jet port 234. Multiple three-stage inner gas injection channels 2311 and three-stage outer gas injection channels can be provided, and the outlet ends of the three-stage inner gas injection channel 2311 and the three-stage outer gas injection channel are provided with a three-stage jet elbow 232. The three-stage inner gas injection channel 2311 and the three-stage outer gas injection channel can both be cylindrical tubular structures, and of course, they can also be designed as other shapes according to requirements. The three-stage jet elbow 232 is a curved pipe structure in which the incoming airflow and the ejected airflow are not in a straight line, so that the injection direction of the three-stage inner jet port 233 and the three-stage outer jet port 234 can be adjusted correspondingly through the three-stage jet elbow 232, so that the three-stage inner jet port 233 and the three-stage outer jet port 234 are not in the same straight line with the corresponding three-stage inner gas injection channel 2311 and the three-stage outer gas injection channel.

[0103] The third-level jet elbow 232 connected to the third-level inner gas injection channel 2311 is connected to the third-level inner jet port 233, and the third-level jet elbow 232 connected to the third-level outer gas injection channel is connected to the third-level outer jet port 234. The third-level inner gas injection channel 2311 is used to transport ammonia and is ejected from the third-level inner jet port 233, and the third-level outer gas injection channel is used to transport ammonia and is ejected from the third-level outer jet port 234 and injected into the combustion furnace.

[0104] The ammonia in the third stage can be sprayed toward the inner layer and toward the burning primary air pulverized coal. The addition of ammonia in the third stage can promote the decomposition of carbon dioxide generated by combustion to produce carbon monoxide, consume oxygen, reduce the equivalence ratio in the initial stage of combustion, and reduce the nitrogen oxides generated in the initial stage of combustion.

[0105] In this embodiment, the three-stage jet elbow 232 can be detachably arranged on the three-stage inner gas injection channel 2311 and the three-stage outer gas injection channel, so that the three-stage jet elbow 232 with other angles (referring to the angle between the incoming airflow and the outgoing airflow of the three-stage jet elbow 232) can be selected by disassembling and replacing the three-stage jet elbow 232. The angle range of the three-stage jet elbow 232 can be 45°-145°, and the three-stage jet elbow 232 with the corresponding angle can be selected according to the needs, so that the three-stage ammonia flow lines injected into the combustion furnace by the three-stage inner jet port 233 and the three-stage outer jet port 234 can be controlled respectively through the three-stage jet elbow 232. In addition, the injection direction of the three-stage jet elbow 232 can be adjusted by different orientation angles when installing the three-stage jet elbow 232.

[0106] In addition, the three-stage jet elbow 232 is rotatably arranged on the three-stage inner gas injection channel 2311 and the three-stage outer gas injection channel. When the equipment is repaired, the three-stage jet elbow 232 can be rotated to adjust the orientation angle of the three-stage jet elbow 232, and then the jet direction of the three-stage inner jet port 233 and the three-stage outer jet port 234 can be adjusted.

[0107] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the multi-stage jet device may further include a three-stage jet panel 235, the three-stage jet panel 235 is an annular structure, the inner circle is a polygonal star structure, the outer circle is circular, and the three-stage jet expansion port 520 is arranged on the outer circle of the three-stage jet panel 235. Taking the inner circle of the three-stage jet panel 235 as an octagonal star structure as an example, the secondary gas injection channel 221 and the secondary jet elbow 222 are positioned at each vertex groove of the inner circle of the three-stage jet panel 235, that is, the secondary gas injection channel 221 and the secondary jet elbow 222 are both eight (equal to the number of vertices of the polygonal star structure).

[0108] The three-stage jet panel 235 is provided with an inner positioning hole and an outer positioning hole. The inner positioning hole is provided at each vertex protrusion of the three-stage jet panel 235, and is used to locate the three-stage internal gas injection channel 2311 and the three-stage jet elbow 232 connected to the three-stage internal gas injection channel 2311, that is, the structure composed of the three-stage internal gas injection channel 2311 and the three-stage jet elbow 232 is penetrated at the inner positioning hole, and is positioned through the inner positioning hole. The number of the three-stage internal gas injection channel 2311 and the three-stage jet elbow 232 is also equal to the number of vertex angles of the polygonal star structure.

[0109] Since the secondary jet elbow 222 and the tertiary jet elbow 232 of the tertiary internal gas injection channel 2311 are respectively arranged at the top angle groove and the top angle protrusion of the tertiary jet panel 235, and since the top angle groove and the top angle protrusion are staggered with each other, the secondary jet elbow 222 and the tertiary jet elbow 232 of the tertiary internal gas injection channel 2311 are staggered in the circumferential direction, that is, the secondary jet port 223 and the tertiary internal jet port 233 are staggered in the circumferential direction.

[0110] The external positioning hole is located on the outside of the internal positioning hole, and each of the two sides of any vertex protrusion is correspondingly provided with an external positioning hole (that is, the number of external positioning holes is the number of sides of the polygonal star structure, that is, twice the number of the vertex. When the inner circle of the three-stage jet panel 235 is an octagonal star structure, the number of external positioning holes is 16). The external positioning hole is used to position the three-stage external gas injection channel and the three-stage jet elbow 232 connected to the three-stage external gas injection channel.

[0111] The above-mentioned arrangement can ensure that the secondary jet elbow 222 and the tertiary jet elbow 232 of the tertiary inner gas injection channel 2311 and the tertiary jet elbow 232 of the tertiary outer gas injection channel are staggered in the circumferential direction, that is, the secondary jet port 223, the tertiary inner jet port 233 and the tertiary outer jet port 234 are staggered in the circumferential direction.

[0112] The alternately arranged secondary jet ports 223, tertiary inner jet ports 233 and tertiary outer jet ports 234 can ensure the diversity of the ammonia gas flow path and increase the adjustability of the ammonia gas flow path. The inner octagonal star shape of the tertiary jet panel 235 is arranged alternately with each jet port in the circumferential direction, and this arrangement can effectively realize the uniform injection of secondary ammonia and / or hydrogen and tertiary ammonia.

[0113] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the three-stage injection device may also include a three-stage gas injection main channel 231 and an adjustable connecting cavity. The three-stage internal gas injection channel 2311 and the three-stage external gas injection channel are connected to the three-stage gas injection main channel 231 through the adjustable connecting cavity. The three-stage gas injection main channel 231 is used to input ammonia into the adjustable connecting cavity.

[0114] An adjustable baffle is provided in the adjustable connecting cavity, and the adjustable baffle is used to adjust the connection state between at least one of the three-level internal gas injection channel 2311 and the three-level external gas injection channel and the three-level gas injection main channel 231, and the combustion control strategy can be adjusted through the adjustable baffle. In a possible implementation, when the adjustable baffle is opened, the three-level ammonia gas entering through the three-level gas injection main channel 231 can be injected into the combustion furnace from the three-level internal jet port 233 and the three-level external jet port 234 respectively. When the adjustable baffle is closed, the three-level ammonia gas entering through the three-level gas injection main channel 231 is only injected into the combustion furnace from the three-level external jet port 234.

[0115] The three-stage ammonia injection at different angles and different proportions can be achieved by switching the adjustable partition. Different angles refer to that the three-stage inner jet port 233 and the three-stage outer jet port 234 are connected to different three-stage jet elbows 232, so the injection angles of the three-stage inner jet port 233 and the three-stage outer jet port 234 are different. The three-stage inner jet port 233 and / or the three-stage outer jet port 234 can be closed or opened by the adjustable partition, so that the three-stage ammonia injected at different angles can be obtained.

[0116] Different proportions refer to that the adjustable partition can be opened to control the ratio of the internal and external ammonia. For example, if the three-stage internal jet port 233 is fully closed, all the ammonia will be ejected from the three-stage external jet port 234, and if the three-stage internal jet port 233 is fully opened, the internal and external ammonia will account for a certain proportion. Of course, the opening degree of the adjustable partition can be controlled according to demand, and then the ammonia flow rate ejected from the corresponding jet port can be controlled.

[0117] In this embodiment, an adjustable partition can be provided for each of the three-stage inner jet port 233 and the three-stage outer jet port 234 according to the needs, or an adjustable partition can be provided for one of them. The adjustable partition can be selected to be similar to the baffle in the bellows, for example, the opening and closing can be realized by adjusting the advance and retreat of the adjustable partition through a mechanical structure. It can also be adjusted manually, and of course it can also be adjusted electrically.

[0118] When the secondary ammonia and / or hydrogen are injected, and the nitrogen oxide emission in the tail flue gas is high, the third-stage inner injection port 233 can be selectively opened. Since the air-powder mixed airflow and the primary ammonia have consumed part of the oxygen in the early stage of combustion, the re-injected third-stage ammonia can reduce the nitrogen oxides generated in the early stage of combustion in a reducing atmosphere.

[0119] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the secondary air device includes an inner secondary air device 410 and an outer secondary air device 420. The inner secondary air device 410 is arranged outside the multi-stage jet device, and an inner secondary air channel 412 is formed between the inner secondary air device 410 and the multi-stage jet device, and the inner secondary air channel 412 is used to transport the inner secondary air, and an inner secondary swirl blade 411 is arranged in the inner secondary air channel 412, and an inner secondary air expansion port 530 is arranged at the outlet end of the inner secondary air device 410.

[0120] The angle between the side wall of the inner secondary air expansion port 530 and its axis can be designed to be 45°. The inner side of the outlet of the inner secondary air channel 412 is connected to the three-stage jet expansion port 520, and the angle between the side wall of the three-stage jet expansion port 520 and its axis can also be designed to be 45°. The three-stage jet expansion port 520 and the inner secondary air expansion port 530 have the same angle, and together they form a flow guide device that can control the inner secondary air streamline. Ensure that the inner secondary air avoids the initial combustion of the air-powder mixed airflow, and inject sufficient oxygen into the later stage of combustion, ensure that the air-powder mixed airflow is hypoxic in the initial stage of combustion, and reduce the generation of nitrogen oxides in the initial stage of combustion.

[0121] The external secondary air device 420 is arranged on the outside of the secondary air device 410, and forms an external secondary air channel 422 between the external secondary air device 420 and the internal secondary air device 410. The external secondary air channel 422 is used to transport external secondary air. An external secondary air blade 421 is arranged in the external secondary air channel 422, and an external secondary air expansion port 540 is arranged at the outlet end of the external secondary air device 420.

[0122] The outer wall outlet of the outer secondary air channel 422 is connected to the outer secondary air expansion port 540 , and the angle between the side wall and the axis of the outer secondary air expansion port 540 can be designed to be 60°. The streamline of the outer secondary air is controlled by the inner secondary air expansion port 530 and the outer secondary air expansion port 540 .

[0123] The inner secondary air passes through the inner secondary swirl blade 411, and the inner secondary air is injected into the combustion furnace through a swirl angle. The outer secondary air passes through the outer secondary swirl blade 421, and the outer secondary air passes through the combustion furnace through a swirl angle. The swirl angles of the outer secondary swirl blade 421 and the inner secondary swirl blade 411 can be consistent or inconsistent. The inner secondary air and the outer secondary air ejected from the inner secondary swirl blade 411 and the outer secondary swirl blade 421 can control their streamline directions through the inner secondary air expansion port 530 and the outer secondary air expansion port 540. Adjusting the angles of the inner secondary air expansion port 530 and the outer secondary air expansion port 540 can control the inner secondary air and the outer secondary air to be input into the oxygen-deficient reduction zone in the late stage of combustion, providing the remaining air for the air-powder mixed air flow and ammonia, so that the fuel can be fully burned.

[0124] In summary, the burner disclosed in the embodiment of the present application uses ammonia / hydrogen / coal as the main fuel, which can effectively reduce carbon dioxide emissions from fossil energy. The present application uses ammonia / hydrogen / coal three-fuel blending and fuel staging to reduce pollutant emissions. Ammonia and ammonia / hydrogen can be injected in stages through a multi-stage injection device to flexibly implement different combustion strategies, such as partial premixing and combustion of ammonia and coal powder, hydrogen injection to assist combustion, partial premixing and combustion of ammonia / hydrogen coal, local high mixed ammonia ratio combustion, and local low mixed ammonia ratio combustion. Different combustion strategies can be used to finely control the mixing process of the three fuels and further reduce the generation of pollutants.

[0125] The multi-stage jet device is divided into three stages, including a primary jet device, a secondary jet device and a tertiary jet device, which supply the required ammonia / hydrogen fuel in stages. The primary ammonia ejected by the primary jet device and the air-powder mixed airflow ejected by the air-powder channel 310 are burned together. In the early stage of combustion of the air-powder mixed airflow, a part of nitrogen oxides will be formed first. When the primary ammonia and the air-powder mixed airflow are co-burned, a mixed airflow with a low mixed ammonia ratio will be formed, which will increase the nitrogen oxides generated in the early stage of combustion. However, since the calorific value released by the primary ammonia can replace part of the coal, the carbon dioxide emissions will be significantly reduced. According to the nitrogen oxide emissions, the secondary jet device can be adjusted to eject secondary ammonia and / or hydrogen, and different combustion strategies can be achieved through the secondary jet device.

[0126] When the combustion is not complete, there is ammonia escape or unburned carbon, the secondary jet device can adjust the angle through the secondary jet elbow 222 to spray toward the central air-powder mixed airflow. The mixture of ammonia / hydrogen / coal can increase the laminar flame speed of the flame, spray evenly, and promote the combustion of coal powder and ammonia. The three-stage jet device is divided into two layers, inner and outer, and the three-stage inner ammonia and the three-stage outer ammonia are sprayed respectively through the three-stage inner jet port 233 and the three-stage outer jet port 234. The inner and outer two-layer design of the three-stage jet device is closely related to the two-stage jet device, and the two-stage jet port 223 is alternately arranged with the three-stage inner jet port 233 on the same circumference line, which can ensure that the three-stage ammonia and the secondary ammonia and / or hydrogen can be sprayed evenly, making the mixing more uniform.

[0127] When the primary and secondary jet devices are started, the reduced carbon dioxide emissions do not meet the demand and the mixed ammonia ratio needs to be increased. The third-stage internal gas injection channel 2311 of the third-stage jet device is opened, and the third-stage ammonia is injected into the combustion furnace from the third-stage internal jet port 233. The third-stage internal gas injection channel 2311 of the third-stage jet device is opened, without changing the nitrogen reduction effect of the original primary and secondary jet devices, while increasing the mixed ammonia ratio and reducing carbon dioxide emissions.

[0128] like Figure 8-Figure 12 As shown, the embodiment of the present application also discloses a combustion furnace system, which includes a combustion furnace and a burner 000. Among them, the burner 000 is connected to the furnace of the combustion furnace and is the burner 000 disclosed in the above embodiment. Since it has the above burner 000, it has all the technical effects of the above burner 000, which will not be repeated here. It should be noted that the combustion furnace is usually also provided with a burnout air injection device 700 and a heating surface 800.

[0129] Furthermore, the combustion furnace system may also include a grid injection device 600, a liquid ammonia tank, a water bath vaporizer, a buffer tank, a premixer and an ammonia hydrogen cracker.

[0130] Among them, the grid injection device 600 is connected to the furnace of the combustion furnace, and is used to inject ammonia and hydrogen into the furnace of the combustion furnace, and directly inject ammonia and hydrogen into the late stage of combustion, and inject ammonia and hydrogen mixed fuel with a high ammonia ratio into the late stage of combustion, so as to reduce the nitrogen oxides generated in the early stage of combustion and effectively reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides.

[0131] The liquid ammonia tank is used to provide and store liquid ammonia. The inlet end of the water bath vaporizer is connected to the outlet of the liquid ammonia tank, which is used to convert the liquid ammonia transported by the liquid ammonia tank into gaseous ammonia. The liquid ammonia tank can transport liquid ammonia to the water bath vaporizer through the ammonia pipeline to ensure a stable supply of liquid ammonia. When supplying liquid ammonia, an ammonia leak detection device and a pressure relief device can be equipped. Its function is to ensure the safe storage and continuous supply of ammonia. By controlling the temperature and pressure of the water bath vaporizer to ensure the stable output of ammonia, the continuous supply and stable use of ammonia in the combustion system can be guaranteed. Water can be transported to the water bath vaporizer and other system components through a water pump to ensure the normal operation of each part. For example, it can ensure that liquid ammonia is continuously heated to obtain gaseous ammonia. The water pump can maintain the flow and pressure of water in the system to support the normal operation of the equipment.

[0132] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the grid injection device 600 may include a spray box, a grid panel 620, a grid nozzle 630 and a grid channel 640. The two ends of the spray box are provided with grid slots 610. The grid panel 620 is detachably connected to the grid slots 610. The grid nozzle 630 is provided on the grid panel 620. The grid channel 640 is respectively connected to the spray box and the outlet end of the ammonia hydrogen cracker. The grid panel 620 can be replaced. The grid panel 620 can be disassembled and assembled through the grid slot 610, and the grid panel 620 can be replaced. The size and shape of the grid nozzle 630 can be changed by replacing the grid panel 620 without changing the main structure of the combustion furnace.

[0133] The inlet of the buffer tank is connected to the outlet of the water bath vaporizer, and is used to temporarily store the ammonia converted by the water bath vaporizer. The buffer tank is used to adjust the gas flow and pressure and provide a stable gas supply. Its function is to balance the gas pressure in the system to prevent fluctuations from affecting the system operation.

[0134] The premixer is used to mix ammonia and air, and its inlet end is connected to the buffer tank, and the outlet end is respectively connected to the ammonia-hydrogen cracker and the three-stage injection device. The ammonia-hydrogen cracker is used to crack ammonia into hydrogen, and the outlet end of the ammonia-hydrogen cracker is respectively connected to the two-stage injection device and the grid injection device 600.

[0135] The premixer can be connected to the ammonia hydrogen cracker and the ammonia delivery pipe through a three-way pipe through the ammonia delivery pipe. Switch valves are installed on the three-way pipes respectively, and the action of the switch valves can be controlled by electrical signals to selectively output an ammonia / hydrogen mixture (output from the branch connected to the ammonia hydrogen cracker in the three-way pipe) and ammonia (output from the branch connected to the ammonia delivery pipe in the three-way pipe). The ammonia / hydrogen mixture is transported to the grid channel 640 in the grid injection device 600 and the secondary injection device of the burner through the ammonia delivery pipe, and the ammonia is transported to the primary injection device and the tertiary injection device of the burner.

[0136] The premixer is used to mix ammonia and air to ensure uniformity and efficiency during the combustion process. Its function is to improve combustion efficiency, reduce nitrogen oxide emissions, and achieve low-nitrogen combustion. The ammonia hydrogen cracker cracks ammonia into hydrogen and nitrogen at high temperatures to improve combustion efficiency. The ammonia hydrogen cracker can provide high-quality ammonia / hydrogen fuel gas and enhance the stability and environmental friendliness of the combustion process. Ammonia and hydrogen concentration sensors can be installed at the outlet of the ammonia hydrogen cracker to monitor the gas composition output by the cracker in real time.

[0137] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the combustion furnace system may further include a coal mill, a pulverizer, a primary fan, and a secondary fan. The coal mill is used to output pulverized coal, and the pulverized coal and primary air are transported to the air-powder channel 310 through the pulverizer and the primary fan, and the secondary fan is used to transport the secondary air to the secondary air device. The coal mill discharges finer pulverized coal, which is discharged according to a specific mass flow rate through the pulverizer, and the primary fan supplies hot primary air to carry the pulverized coal into the air-powder channel 310 and inject it into the combustion furnace.

[0138] The coal mill grinds the coal into fine powder to facilitate combustion and improve combustion efficiency. The coal mill can ensure that the coal powder is uniform and fine, optimize the combustion process, and improve thermal efficiency. The pulverizer can evenly feed the coal powder into the combustion furnace to ensure the stability of combustion, and can accurately control the amount of coal powder supplied to improve combustion efficiency and stability. The primary and secondary fans provide primary and secondary air for combustion, promote the full combustion of coal powder, ensure the air supply during the combustion process, and optimize the combustion conditions.

[0139] The combustion furnace system may also include an air preheater, an economizer, a dust removal device and an induced draft fan. The air preheater is used to preheat the primary air and secondary air using the waste heat of the flue gas of the combustion furnace. The economizer is used to preheat the boiler feed water using the waste heat of the flue gas of the combustion furnace. The dust removal device is used to filter the dust and particulate matter in the flue gas of the combustion furnace. The induced draft fan is used to extract the flue gas of the combustion furnace and discharge it through the chimney.

[0140] The air preheater preheats the air entering the combustion furnace to improve the combustion efficiency and the thermal efficiency of the system. By recovering the waste heat in the flue gas, fuel consumption is reduced and thermal efficiency is improved. The economizer recovers the waste heat of the flue gas to preheat the boiler feed water, improve the thermal efficiency of the system, reduce fuel consumption, and improve the overall thermal efficiency of the combustion furnace. The dust removal device can be a bag filter, which is used to filter and capture dust and particulate matter generated during the combustion process to ensure the cleanliness of the exhaust gas, reduce air pollution, protect the environment, and meet environmental protection standards. The induced draft fan extracts the flue gas after combustion and discharges it through the chimney, maintaining the negative pressure state of the combustion chamber, ensuring the appropriate negative pressure in the combustion chamber, and ensuring the smooth discharge of the flue gas and the stable operation of the system.

[0141] The combustion furnace can be a four-corner tangential furnace, and the burners 000 are arranged at the four corners of the four-corner tangential furnace, and each corner of the combustion furnace is equipped with multiple burners 000. The burners 000 are aligned with the center of the combustion furnace at a certain angle in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, so that the combustion flame presents a rotating tangential shape.

[0142] The grid injection device 600 is at the same elevation as the burner 000, and the grid injection device 600 is arranged on two opposite sides of the combustion furnace. A plurality of grid injection devices 600 can be arranged on any side of the combustion furnace in the height direction.

[0143] When the tail flue gas nitrogen oxide emission is high, it is necessary to increase the ammonia injection concentration of the grid injection device 600. When the burner is burning, coal powder and ammonia will be burned first in the early stage of combustion, and a large amount of nitrogen oxides will be generated in an environment with sufficient oxygen. In the later stage of combustion, that is, on both sides of the combustion furnace, when the ammonia / hydrogen mixture is injected by the grid injection device 600, the ammonia / hydrogen mixture will be injected into the flue gas environment that has been mostly burned. In this environment, oxygen is diluted by the flue gas, and there are a large amount of nitrogen oxides, carbon dioxide and other substances. When the ammonia / hydrogen mixture is injected from both sides of the combustion furnace, the reducing effect of ammonia can be fully exerted in the oxygen-deficient reducing atmosphere to reduce the nitrogen oxides generated in the early stage of combustion.

[0144] The injection position of ammonia / hydrogen can be adjusted by opening part of the grid injection device 600. Limited by the flow rate of the ammonia / hydrogen mixture, when the size of the grid nozzle 630 is fixed, opening 1 / 4, 1 / 2, etc. of the grid nozzle 630 can increase the ammonia / hydrogen injection distance and ensure that the ammonia / hydrogen can be injected to the later stage of the burner flame.

[0145] The grid injection device 600 has significant advantages in the combustion furnace. The grid nozzles 630 are evenly arranged on the grid panel 620 of the grid injection device 600. The grid panel 620 can be replaced, and the size and shape of the grid nozzles 630 can be changed by replacing the grid panel 620 without changing the main structure of the combustion furnace. By replacing and adjusting the grid panel 620, the modification cost of traditional combustion equipment can be effectively reduced, the ammonia / hydrogen injection position can be flexibly adjusted, and the emission of nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide can be further reduced.

[0146] In summary, compared with the prior art, the technical solution disclosed in this application has the following technical effects:

[0147] 1. Significantly reduce nitrogen oxide emissions: The present invention adopts grid injection technology and the step-by-step partial premixed combustion of ammonia, hydrogen, and coal, combined with a multi-stage injection device, to effectively optimize the fuel mixing process. The grid injection device 600 is installed in the oxygen-deficient reduction zone in the late stage of combustion to ensure the injection of ammonia and hydrogen in a low-oxygen environment, further promoting the reduction reaction of nitrogen oxides. Through the multi-stage injection device, the nitrogen oxides generated in the early stage of combustion can be significantly reduced in the late stage of combustion. Combined with the multi-stage injection device to deliver ammonia / hydrogen and the grid injection device 600 to inject ammonia / hydrogen, the injection position of the fuel gas in the furnace can be flexibly adjusted to place the ammonia in the oxygen-deficient reduction zone, further reducing the generation of fuel-type nitrogen oxides, thereby achieving an efficient and low-pollution combustion process.

[0148] 2. Improve combustion stability and efficiency: The partial premixed combustion technology is adopted to ensure the efficient and stable combustion of ammonia, hydrogen and coal by accurately controlling the oxygen concentration and temperature in the combustion area. The combination of multi-stage injection device and grid injection effectively improves the uniformity and stability of combustion, and realizes the mixed use of ammonia, hydrogen and coal. The high combustion calorific value and high-flow flame combustion speed of hydrogen are used to improve the overall efficiency and stability of the combustion process. The problems of poor combustion stability and low combustion temperature of ammonia are overcome, ensuring a stable and uniform combustion process and reducing incomplete combustion.

[0149] 3. Adaptable to existing burner systems: The grid injection device 600 is flexible in design and can be directly applied to existing burner systems without major modifications to the existing burners. Its design can reduce carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions from coal combustion while maintaining the operating stability and efficiency of the existing burner system. This adaptive design reduces the difficulty and cost of technology upgrades, provides feasibility for widespread application, and has significant economic and environmental benefits.

[0150] 4. Flexibly realize high and low ratio ammonia combustion: The multi-stage injection device is divided into three stages to inject ammonia and ammonia / hydrogen. Combining the combustion strategy, the multi-stage injection device is started and stopped step by step to realize high and low ratio ammonia combustion. The multi-stage injection device can adjust the injection ratio of ammonia and hydrogen according to operational requirements: when a high ratio of ammonia combustion is required, the multi-stage injection device can introduce more ammonia and hydrogen to assist combustion; when a low ratio of ammonia combustion is required, only part of the injection port is opened. Through this flexible high and low ratio ammonia combustion method, the present invention solves the problems of ammonia escape and nitrogen oxide generation caused by changes in laminar flame speed and adiabatic combustion temperature in traditional combustion methods.

[0151] 5. Increased safety and practicality: The present invention produces hydrogen on-site through an ammonia hydrogen cracker, avoiding the risks of storing and transporting hydrogen and ensuring the safety and reliability of fuel supply. Since hydrogen is obtained from the cracking of ammonia, the cost of additional hydrogen storage, hydrogen use and hydrogen transmission equipment is eliminated, the equipment cost and operating cost are reduced, and the economy of the overall system is improved. The use of an ammonia hydrogen cracker ensures the efficiency and safety of the hydrogen production process and provides a stable and sufficient supply of hydrogen. The grille panel 620 is easy to replace, has low maintenance costs, and reduces the workload of operators. The burner and burner system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention have high flexibility and adaptability, can be applied to different types of fuels and various industrial application scenarios, and provide a practical and efficient solution. In summary, the present invention achieves efficient and low-pollution combustion of ammonia, hydrogen and coal through a number of innovative designs. It not only has significant improvements and innovations in technology, but also can effectively reduce pollution and improve combustion efficiency in practical applications, and has important environmental and economic benefits.

[0152] As shown in this application and claims, unless the context clearly indicates an exception, the words "a", "an", "a kind" and / or "the" do not refer to the singular, but also include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "include" and "comprise" only indicate the inclusion of clearly identified steps and elements, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list. The method or device may also include other steps or elements. The elements defined by the sentence "includes a..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device that includes the elements.

[0153] In the description of this application, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0154] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0155] Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application, and the description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present application, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A burner, characterized in that: include: A central hydrogen spray cylinder (100) is used to transport and ignite hydrogen to form a hydrogen flame; an air-powder channel (310), which is sleeved on the outside of the central hydrogen spray cylinder (100) and is used to convey an air-powder mixed airflow composed of primary air and coal powder, and the hydrogen flame can ignite the air-powder mixed airflow; A multi-stage jet device is arranged outside the air-powder channel (310) and is used to at least transport ammonia gas, and an jet expansion port is arranged at the outlet end of the multi-stage jet device; The secondary air device is arranged outside the multi-stage air injection device and is used for conveying secondary air.

2. The burner according to claim 1, characterized in that The multi-stage jet device includes at least one of a primary jet device, a secondary jet device and a tertiary jet device; The first-stage jet device is arranged outside the air-powder channel (310) and is used to transport and jet ammonia gas; the jet expansion port arranged at the outlet of the first-stage jet device is the first-stage jet expansion port (510); The secondary jet device is arranged outside the primary jet device and is used to transport and jet ammonia and / or hydrogen; The three-stage jet device is arranged outside the two-stage jet device and is used to transport and jet ammonia. The jet expansion port arranged at the outlet of the three-stage jet device is a three-stage jet expansion port (520).

3. The burner according to claim 2, characterized in that The first-level jet device comprises a first-level gas injection channel (211), a first-level jet panel (214) and a first-level jet port (213); the first-level jet panel (214) is sleeved on the central hydrogen spray cylinder (100); there are two first-level jet expansion ports (510), which are respectively arranged on the inner ring side and the outer ring side of the first-level jet panel (214); a plurality of first-level jet ports (213) are arranged on the first-level jet panel (214) and are used to spray ammonia; the first-level gas injection channel (211) is connected to the first-level jet ports (213) in a one-to-one correspondence and is used to transport ammonia to the first-level jet ports (213); and / or, The secondary gas injection device comprises a secondary gas injection channel (221), a secondary gas injection elbow (222) and a secondary gas injection port (223); the secondary gas injection elbow (222) is in plurality and surrounds the outer side of the primary gas injection panel (214); one end of the secondary gas injection elbow (222) is in communication with the secondary gas injection channel (221), and the other end is in communication with the secondary gas injection port (223); the secondary gas injection channel (221) is used to transport ammonia and / or hydrogen to the secondary gas injection elbow (222), and to eject the ammonia and / or hydrogen from the secondary gas injection port (223); and / or, The three-stage jet device comprises a three-stage internal gas injection channel (2311), a three-stage external gas injection channel, a three-stage jet elbow (232), a three-stage internal jet port (233) and a three-stage external jet port (234); the three-stage jet elbow (232) is provided at the outlet ends of the three-stage internal gas injection channel (2311) and the three-stage external gas injection channel; the three-stage jet elbow (232) communicated with the three-stage internal gas injection channel (2311) is connected to the three-stage internal jet port (233); the three-stage jet elbow (232) communicated with the three-stage external gas injection channel is connected to the three-stage external jet port (234); the three-stage internal gas injection channel (2311) is used to transport ammonia gas and is ejected from the three-stage internal jet port (233); the three-stage external gas injection channel is used to transport ammonia gas and is ejected from the three-stage external jet port (234).

4. The burner according to claim 3, characterized in that The multi-stage jet device further comprises a three-stage jet panel (235), the three-stage jet panel (235) is an annular structure, the inner circle is a polygonal star structure, and the outer circle is a circle, the three-stage jet expansion port (520) is arranged on the outer circle of the three-stage jet panel (235); The secondary gas injection channel (221) and the secondary gas injection elbow (222) are positioned at each vertex groove of the inner circle of the tertiary gas injection panel (235); The three-stage jet panel (235) is provided with an inner positioning hole and an outer positioning hole. The inner positioning hole is provided at each vertex protrusion of the three-stage jet panel (235) and is used to position the three-stage internal gas injection channel (2311) and the three-stage jet elbow (232) connected to the three-stage internal gas injection channel (2311). The outer positioning hole is located outside the inner positioning hole, and two sides of any one of the top corner protrusions are each provided with an outer positioning hole corresponding thereto, and the outer positioning hole is used to position the third-level external gas injection channel and a third-level jet elbow (232) connected to the third-level external gas injection channel.

5. The burner according to claim 3, characterized in that The secondary gas injection elbow (222) is detachably arranged on the secondary gas injection channel (221); and / or The secondary gas injection elbow (222) is rotatably arranged on the secondary gas injection channel (221); The third-stage jet elbow (232) is detachably arranged on the third-stage inner gas injection channel (2311) and the third-stage outer gas injection channel; and / or The three-stage jet elbow (232) is rotatably arranged on the three-stage inner gas injection channel (2311) and the three-stage outer gas injection channel.

6. The burner according to claim 3, characterized in that The three-stage gas injection device further comprises a three-stage gas injection main channel (231) and an adjustable connecting cavity, the three-stage inner gas injection channel (2311) and the three-stage outer gas injection channel are connected to the three-stage gas injection main channel (231) via the adjustable connecting cavity, and the three-stage gas injection main channel (231) is used to input ammonia gas into the adjustable connecting cavity; An adjustable baffle is provided in the adjustable connecting cavity, and the adjustable baffle is used to adjust the connection state between at least one of the three-level internal gas injection channel (2311) and the three-level external gas injection channel and the three-level gas injection main channel (231).

7. The burner according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The secondary air device comprises an inner secondary air device (410) and an outer secondary air device (420); The inner secondary air device (410) is arranged outside the multi-stage jet device, and an inner secondary air channel (412) is formed between the inner secondary air device and the multi-stage jet device, the inner secondary air channel (412) is used to transport the inner secondary air, an inner secondary swirl blade (411) is arranged in the inner secondary air channel (412), and an inner secondary air expansion port (530) is arranged at the outlet end of the inner secondary air device (410); The external secondary air device (420) is arranged outside the secondary air device (410), and forms an external secondary air channel (422) between the external secondary air device (420) and the internal secondary air device (410); the external secondary air channel (422) is used to transport external secondary air; an external secondary air blade (421) is arranged inside the external secondary air channel (422); and an external secondary air expansion port (540) is arranged at the outlet end of the external secondary air device (420).

8. A combustion furnace system, characterized in that: include: Combustion furnace; A burner (000) is connected to the furnace of the combustion furnace, and the burner (000) is the burner (000) according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A combustion furnace system, characterized in that: include: Combustion furnace; A burner (000) is connected to the furnace of the combustion furnace, and the burner (000) is the burner (000) according to any one of claims 2 to 6; A grid injection device (600) is connected to the furnace of the combustion furnace; Liquid ammonia tank, used to provide and store liquid ammonia; a water bath type vaporizer, the inlet end of which is connected to the outlet of the liquid ammonia tank, and is used to convert the liquid ammonia transported by the liquid ammonia tank into gaseous ammonia; A buffer tank, the inlet end of which is connected to the outlet end of the water bath vaporizer, and is used to temporarily store the ammonia converted by the water bath vaporizer; A premixer and an ammonia-hydrogen cracker, wherein the premixer is used to mix ammonia and air, the inlet end of the premixer is connected to the buffer tank, and the outlet end is respectively connected to the ammonia-hydrogen cracker and the three-stage injection device, the ammonia-hydrogen cracker is used to crack ammonia into hydrogen, and the outlet end of the ammonia-hydrogen cracker is respectively connected to the two-stage injection device and the grid injection device (600).

10. The combustion furnace system according to claim 9, characterized in that It also includes a coal mill, a pulverizer, a primary air fan and a secondary air fan, wherein the coal mill is used to output pulverized coal, and the pulverized coal and primary air are transported to the air-powder channel (310) through the pulverizer and the primary air fan, and the secondary air fan is used to transport the secondary air to the secondary air device; and / or, The combustion furnace system further includes an air preheater, an economizer, a dust removal device and an induced draft fan, wherein the air preheater is used to preheat the primary air and the secondary air by utilizing the waste heat of the flue gas of the combustion furnace, the economizer is used to preheat the boiler feed water by utilizing the waste heat of the flue gas of the combustion furnace, the dust removal device is used to filter the dust and particulate matter in the flue gas of the combustion furnace, and the induced draft fan is used to extract the flue gas of the combustion furnace and discharge it through a chimney; and / or, The combustion furnace is a four-corner tangential furnace, and the burners (000) are arranged at the four corners of the four-corner tangential furnace; and / or, The grid injection device (600) is at the same elevation as the burner (000), and the grid injection device (600) is arranged on two opposite sides of the combustion furnace; and / or, The grid injection device (600) comprises a spray box, a grid panel (620), a grid nozzle (630) and a grid channel (640); grid slots (610) are provided at both ends of the spray box; the grid panel (620) is detachably connected to the grid slots (610); the grid nozzle (630) is provided on the grid panel (620); and the grid channel (640) is respectively connected to the spray box and an outlet end of the ammonia-hydrogen cracker.

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