Solar built-in ventilation chimney device based on optical condensation and hot air driving

Abstract

The invention discloses a built-in ventilation chimney device based on solar condensation and optical design, the device is composed of a built-in chimney body, a condensation assembly, a heat absorption device and the like, the condensation assembly comprises a condensation reflector, a concave mirror, a reflection type Fresnel lens and condensation light guide fibers, and the heat absorption device is a conical heat absorption cavity. The side wall of the built-in chimney is a room wall, and a plurality of functional ventilation openings are formed in the wall and used for being matched with air flow driven by the light condensation assembly and the heat absorption device. According to the device, solar energy is guided into the chimney in a concentrated mode through the optical condensation system, heating driving of air in the chimney is achieved, and then the natural ventilation effect of a building is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building ventilation and energy saving, and more particularly to a solar built-in ventilation chimney device based on optical focusing and hot air driving. Background Art

[0002] As people's requirements for building energy conservation and emission reduction and indoor air quality continue to increase, the technologies of natural ventilation and solar energy utilization have gradually attracted attention. The ventilation methods of traditional buildings mostly rely on mechanical ventilation and air-conditioning systems, which not only consume a lot of energy, but also make it difficult to achieve efficient ventilation and cooling in hot seasons. At the same time, the existing combination of solar energy utilization and chimney ventilation technology is mostly aimed at external chimneys, which are directly exposed to the sun by the outer wall of the chimney, making it convenient to recycle and utilize solar energy. However, built-in chimneys are limited by the building structure and cannot directly utilize sunlight. Especially in hot climates, the frequent use of air conditioners leads to increased energy consumption and carbon emissions, and the indoor and outdoor air circulation is not smooth, affecting the air quality. In addition, the ventilation system in cold areas in winter is difficult to maintain the stability of indoor temperature while maintaining air circulation, which increases the energy consumption of buildings and limits the application of natural ventilation systems.

[0003] How to efficiently utilize solar energy to achieve natural ventilation and temperature regulation in built-in chimneys has become an important technical problem in this field. Existing strategies usually rely on technologies such as thermal pressure ventilation, solar light pipes, and photovoltaic ventilation to promote air flow or introduce natural light in different ways. However, thermal pressure ventilation has limited effect in built-in structures, the light pipe system has insufficient lighting capacity, and photovoltaic ventilation relies on fluctuations in sunlight intensity, making it difficult to provide stable ventilation effects. In addition, although some systems such as water wall heat storage and air source heat pumps can assist in temperature regulation, they have high requirements for space, energy consumption, and installation complexity, making it difficult to achieve energy-saving and efficient effects. Most existing solutions are independent ventilation and temperature control systems with complex structures and high overall costs. Therefore, there is a particular need for a simplified system that can adapt to seasonal changes and day and night conditions and efficiently achieve solar energy utilization and natural ventilation in built-in chimneys. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a built-in ventilation chimney device based on solar energy concentration and optical design, which concentrates sunlight and guides it to the conical heat absorption cavity inside the chimney through a focusing reflector group and a reflective Fresnel lens, so that light energy is converted into heat energy, forming a thermal pressure difference of the air in the chimney, thereby driving air flow and accelerating the natural exchange of indoor and outdoor air.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A built-in ventilation chimney device based on solar energy concentration and optical design, comprising a building room and a chimney formed between the walls of the room, vents are arranged on both sides of the top of the chimney, a concentration component is installed on the top of the chimney; a heat absorption device is arranged at the bottom of the chimney;

[0007] A booster fan and a ventilation window 1 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom on the wall of the room forming the chimney, and a ventilation window 2 is arranged on the wall of the room away from the chimney;

[0008] The heat absorption device is located higher than the ventilation window one.

[0009] Preferably, a support seat is extended outward from the top edge of the chimney, and the focusing assembly is installed on the support seat.

[0010] Preferably, the focusing assembly includes a reflective Fresnel lens, a support frame, a focusing reflector, a concave mirror and a focusing optical fiber;

[0011] The support frame is installed at the open end of the reflective Fresnel lens;

[0012] The bottom of the reflective Fresnel lens is connected to the focusing optical fiber, and the bottom of the focusing optical fiber extends to the chimney opening;

[0013] The focusing reflector and the concave mirror are sequentially arranged on the support frame along the light incident direction, and the support frame enables the focusing reflector and the concave mirror to be located outside the reflective Fresnel lens.

[0014] Furthermore, the reflective Fresnel lens is mounted on the support seat via an adjustable connecting piece.

[0015] Furthermore, the adjustable connecting member includes a universal hinge and a servo hydraulic cylinder, and the flexible rotation of the reflective Fresnel lens is achieved through the telescopic universal hinge, so as to track the position of the sun in real time and maximize the sunlight receiving area in each time period.

[0016] Preferably, the focusing optical fiber is a retractable structure, and is installed at the bottom of the reflective Fresnel lens through a lighting fixed arc ring.

[0017] Preferably, the heat absorption device is in the shape of a cone with an opening at the bottom, the bottom edge of the heat absorption device is fixed to the side wall of the chimney, the conical surface of the heat absorption device is coated with a coating for absorbing reflected light, and the conical surface is also provided with surface vents.

[0018] Furthermore, the reflected light absorbing coating is a black coating.

[0019] Preferably, the bottom edge of the heat absorption device is fixed to the side wall of the chimney by means of a latch.

[0020] Preferably, the ventilation window 2 and the ventilation opening are both provided with switchable baffles.

[0021] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a built-in ventilation chimney device based on solar energy concentration and optical design, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The device of the present invention concentrates sunlight through a focusing device and guides it to a heat absorption device inside the chimney, so that light energy is converted into heat energy, forming a thermal pressure difference of the air in the chimney, thereby driving air flow and accelerating the natural exchange of indoor and outdoor air. In summer, the focusing system greatly enhances the ventilation efficiency, discharges indoor hot air, reduces the dependence on air conditioning, and achieves energy-saving and cooling effects. Under winter conditions, by closing the air outlet at the top of the chimney and using a booster fan to assist ventilation, it is ensured that the indoor temperature is kept stable while maintaining air circulation. The method drives natural ventilation and air temperature regulation through solar energy to meet the efficient ventilation needs of the building; solves the problem that it is difficult to directly use solar energy in built-in chimneys, enhances ventilation efficiency, reduces the dependence on air conditioning cooling in summer, and ensures that the indoor temperature is kept stable while ventilation in winter, effectively balancing the ventilation needs of different seasons and day and night; it is helpful to promote the application of built-in chimney ventilation systems in green energy-saving buildings, and provides a feasible solution for achieving building energy saving and improving indoor air quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of summer operation of the device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of winter operation of the device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the structure of the heat absorption device and the heated air is shown;

[0027] In the figure, 1-sun; 2-sunlight; 3-support frame; 4-focusing reflector; 5-concave mirror; 6-reflected light; 7-reflective Fresnel lens; 8-lighting fixed arc ring; 9-universal hinge; 10-servo hydraulic cylinder; 11-focusing optical fiber; 12-support seat; 13-ventilation port; 14-ventilation window two; 15-boosting fan; 16-ventilation window one; 17-reflected light absorbing coating; 18-surface vent; 19-latch; 20-heat absorption device; 21-ventilation opening; 22-wind direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] As attached Figure 1-3 As shown, the built-in ventilation chimney device based on solar energy concentration and optical design includes a building room and a chimney formed between the walls of the room, that is, the chimney is built-in, vents 13 are arranged on both sides of the top of the chimney, a focusing assembly is installed on the top of the chimney, and a heat absorption device 20 is arranged at the bottom of the chimney;

[0030] A booster fan 15 and a ventilation window 16 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom on the wall of the room forming the chimney, a ventilation window 2 14 is arranged on the wall of the room away from the chimney, and the heat absorption device 20 is located higher than the ventilation window 16; the ventilation window 2 14 and the vent 13 are both provided with switchable baffles (the ventilation window 2 14 can be set as a door or a window); a support seat 12 is extended outward from the top edge of the chimney, and the focusing assembly is installed on the support seat 12;

[0031] The focusing assembly includes a reflective Fresnel lens 7, a support frame 3, a focusing reflector 4, a concave mirror 5 and a focusing optical fiber 11. The support frame 3 is installed at the open end of the reflective Fresnel lens 7. The focusing optical fiber 11 is installed at the bottom of the reflective Fresnel lens 7 through a lighting fixed arc ring 8. The focusing optical fiber 11 can be a retractable structure, and the bottom extends to the chimney. The focusing reflector 4 and the concave mirror 5 are sequentially arranged on the support frame 3 along the light incident direction. The installation and support function of the support frame 3 make the focusing reflector 4 and the concave mirror 5 located outside the reflective Fresnel lens 7 and aligned with the bottom center of the reflective Fresnel lens 7.

[0032] The bottom of the reflective Fresnel lens 7 and the top of the support seat 12 are both provided with mounting connectors, the mounting connectors are connected to the universal hinges 9, and the servo hydraulic cylinders are connected between the universal hinges 9;

[0033] The heat absorption device 20 is in the shape of a cone with an opening at the bottom. The bottom edge of the heat absorption device 20 is fixed to the side wall of the chimney by a pin 19. The heat absorption device 20 has a ventilation opening 21 at the bottom, and a reflective light absorbing coating 17 (which can be black paint) is coated on the conical surface. A surface vent 18 is also provided on the conical surface.

[0034] Among them, the summer operation mode is as follows Figure 1 As shown, the chimney top vent 13, room ventilation window 2 14 (door or window), and ventilation window 1 16 are opened, and the booster fan 15 is closed. The air outside the room enters the room through the ventilation window 2 14, and then enters the chimney through the ventilation window 1 16. After being heated by the heat energy in the heat absorption device 20, it becomes hot air, and finally is discharged from the vent 13 from the chimney top, thereby reducing the room air conditioning load and achieving energy saving and cooling.

[0035] Winter operation mode Figure 2 As shown, the booster fan 15 and the ventilation window 1 16 are turned on, the vent 13 and the ventilation window 2 14 (door or window) are closed, and the air in the room enters the chimney through the ventilation window 1 16, and becomes hot air after being heated by the heat energy in the heat absorption device 20, and finally returns to the room through the booster fan 15, so that the system ensures the stability of the indoor temperature while maintaining air circulation, thereby reducing the heating energy consumption in winter;

[0036] The structure and working principle of the heat absorption device 20 are as follows: Figure 3 As shown, its functions include two aspects, namely, receiving reflected light and heating air; after the reflected light from the focusing optical fiber 11 is irradiated by the reflected light absorbing coating 17, the reflected light is quickly absorbed and the light energy is converted into heat energy; thereafter, the air from the room passes through the ventilation opening 21 and enters the cavity of the heat absorption device 20, and the heated hot air goes out through the surface vent 18.

[0037] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0038] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A built-in ventilation chimney device based on solar energy concentration and optical design, comprising a building room and a chimney formed between the walls of the room, characterized in that: Ventilation holes are arranged on both sides of the top of the chimney, and a focusing assembly is installed on the top of the chimney; a heat absorption device is arranged at the bottom of the chimney; A booster fan and a ventilation window 1 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom on the wall of the room forming the chimney, and a ventilation window 2 is arranged on the wall of the room away from the chimney; The heat absorption device is located higher than the ventilation window one.

2. A built-in ventilation chimney device based on solar energy concentration and optical design according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support seat is extended outwardly from the top edge of the chimney, and the focusing assembly is installed on the support seat.

3. A built-in ventilation chimney device based on solar energy concentration and optical design according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The focusing assembly includes a reflective Fresnel lens, a support frame, a focusing reflector, a concave mirror and a focusing optical fiber; The support frame is installed at the open end of the reflective Fresnel lens; The bottom of the reflective Fresnel lens is connected to the focusing optical fiber, and the bottom of the focusing optical fiber extends to the chimney opening; The focusing reflector and the concave mirror are sequentially arranged on the support frame along the light incident direction, and the support frame enables the focusing reflector and the concave mirror to be located outside the reflective Fresnel lens.

4. The built-in ventilation chimney device based on solar energy concentration and optical design according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reflective Fresnel lens is mounted on the support seat via an adjustable connecting piece.

5. The built-in ventilation chimney device based on solar energy concentration and optical design according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjustable connecting member comprises a universal hinge and a servo hydraulic cylinder.

6. The built-in ventilation chimney device based on solar energy concentration and optical design according to claim 3, characterized in that: The light-concentrating optical fiber is a retractable structure and is installed at the bottom of the reflective Fresnel lens through a lighting fixed arc ring.

7. The built-in ventilation chimney device based on solar energy concentration and optical design according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat absorbing device is in the shape of a cone with an opening at the bottom. The bottom edge of the heat absorbing device is fixed to the side wall of the chimney. The conical surface of the heat absorbing device is coated with a coating for absorbing reflected light, and a surface vent is also arranged on the conical surface.

8. The built-in ventilation chimney device based on solar energy concentration and optical design according to claim 7, characterized in that: The reflected light absorbing coating is a black coating.

9. The built-in ventilation chimney device based on solar energy concentration and optical design according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom edge of the heat absorption device is fixed to the side wall of the chimney through a latch.

10. The built-in ventilation chimney device based on solar energy concentration and optical design according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation window 2 and the ventilation opening are both provided with switchable baffles.

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