Ultra-wideband six-channel front-end receiving device and design method thereof
By adopting ultra-wideband design and multi-function integrated chip technology in a multi-channel front-end receiving device, combined with online amplitude calibration and three-dimensional space stacking technology, the problems of complex design and difficulty in miniaturization of traditional devices are solved, and efficient miniaturization is achieved Design and high-scale consistency indicators.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411481316.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-14
AI Technical Summary
When achieving amplitude consistency, the traditional multi-channel front-end receiving device is complex in design, difficult to debug, poor maintenance, and difficult to achieve miniaturized design within the frequency range of 0.35GHz to 18GHz.
The ultra-wideband six-channel front-end receiving device is adopted to achieve miniaturization design through multi-function integrated chip technology and three-dimensional space stacking technology, and the hardware circuit design and debugging are simplified using online amplitude calibration technology.
The miniaturization and integrated design of the six-channel front-end receiving device in the frequency range of 0.35GHz to 18GHz is realized, which simplifies the debugging process, improves the maintenance and amplitude consistency indicators, and the maximum instantaneous reception bandwidth can reach 4GHz.
Smart Images
Figure CN119439069A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the field of radar signal reception. Background Art
[0002] The main function of the multi-channel front-end receiving device is to realize the reception and processing of multi-path radar signals. It is used in a variety of direction-finding radars. The amplitude and phase consistency between its channels is a key indicator, which directly determines the radar's direction-finding accuracy. Traditional multi-channel front-end receiving devices mostly achieve the amplitude and phase consistency of each channel by debugging phase shifters, digitally controlled attenuators, etc. on the basis of ensuring the consistency of the hardware circuits of each channel. A variety of debugging circuits need to be added to the design circuit, which has high requirements for circuit processing technology. The debugging process is relatively complicated in a wide frequency domain, and the maintainability is also poor, which is not conducive to the miniaturization of the front-end receiving device. Due to the space limitations of the radar installation platform, the miniaturization design of the multi-channel front-end receiving device is imperative. In the existing public technical literature, the miniaturization of the multi-channel front-end receiving device is concentrated in the frequency band above 2GHz; in the frequency range of 0.35GHz to 18GHz, there are no relevant patents and literature on its miniaturization design. Summary of the invention
[0003] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes an ultra-wideband six-channel front-end receiving device and a design method thereof.
[0004] The present invention proposes an ultra-wideband six-channel front-end receiving device, and the technical solution is as follows:
[0005] An ultra-wideband six-channel front-end receiving device includes a signal receiving unit, a local oscillator unit, a self-test source, a power detection unit and a power control unit; the signal receiving unit includes 6 parallel and independent signal receiving channels, wherein each signal receiving channel has a complete signal processing path from radio frequency to intermediate frequency. Each signal receiving channel includes: a switch selection network, a preselection filter, a limiter, a first-stage low-noise amplifier filter, a radio frequency digitally controlled attenuator, a second-stage low-noise amplifier filter, a switch filter group, a first-stage mixer amplifier filter, a second-stage mixer amplifier filter, an intermediate frequency digitally controlled attenuator and a coupler, and the components are connected in sequence. The local oscillator unit includes a local oscillator source, two local oscillator sources, a power distribution network, a switch matrix and a clock, the clock is connected to the local oscillator source and the two local oscillator sources respectively, the local oscillator source includes four independent local oscillators, one of which is connected to the power distribution network, and then connected to the switch matrix with the other three after power division; the self-test source includes a signal generating circuit and a six-power division network, the two are connected through a matching network; the six-power division network of the self-test source is connected to the signal receiving unit through a switch selection network, the local oscillator unit is connected to the first-stage mixers of the six receiving channels of the signal receiving unit through the switch matrix, and the two local oscillators are connected to the second-stage mixer of the signal receiving unit through their power distribution network; the power detection unit is connected to the coupler of the signal receiving unit, and the power control unit is connected to the signal receiving unit, the local oscillator unit, the self-test source and the power detection unit respectively.
[0006] Furthermore, the receivable signal frequency range is 0.35 to 18 GHz, the switch selection network is located at the first level of the signal receiving unit circuit, the amplitude and phase differences caused by all hardware circuits on the receiving channel can be calibrated, and the signal receiving unit is connected to 4 independent local oscillator sources in the local oscillator unit to achieve a maximum instantaneous receiving bandwidth of 4 GHz.
[0007] The present invention also proposes a design method for any of the above-mentioned ultra-wideband six-channel front-end receiving devices, wherein the switch filter group is miniaturized by multifunctional integrated chip technology; the signal receiving unit, local oscillator unit, self-test source, power detection unit and power control unit all adopt an independently packaged modular design, and the internal circuit adopts a multi-layer PCB board design, micro-surface mounted components, hybrid integrated circuit bare chips and multi-chip modules, and the unit module adopts a micro-assembly process; the unit modules are integrated into one by spatial stacking, and the unit modules are blindly connected by connectors to realize the miniaturization and integrated design of the front-end receiving device.
[0008] Furthermore, in order to simplify the hardware circuit design and debugging difficulty of the signal receiving unit, the amplitude and phase consistency of each receiving channel of the signal receiving unit is ensured by establishing an amplitude and phase calibration table for online calibration.
[0009] Furthermore, the self-test source uses a power divider chip to form an ultra-wideband six-power division network, and calibrates by establishing an amplitude and phase calibration table to ensure the amplitude and phase consistency of the six calibration signals output by the self-test source.
[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention include:
[0011] The online amplitude and phase calibration technology is used to ensure the amplitude and phase consistency indicators of the multi-channel front-end receiving device, which simplifies the hardware circuit design and debugging difficulty of the device and saves circuit space. Combined with the multi-functional chip integration technology, three-dimensional space stacking technology, interface blind plug-in docking technology, and micro-assembly technology, the miniaturization and integrated design of the 0.35GHz~18GHz six-channel front-end receiving device is realized; the problems of complex debugging, poor maintainability and high cost of traditional multi-channel front-end receiving devices are solved; at the same time, it is ensured that the receiver has high amplitude and phase consistency and a large instantaneous receiving bandwidth: its amplitude consistency reaches ±1dB, the phase consistency reaches ±5°, and the maximum instantaneous receiving bandwidth range can reach 4GHz. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred ultra-wideband front-end receiving device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0013] Figure 1 The figure shows a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, including a signal receiving unit, a local oscillator unit, a self-test source, a power detection unit and a power control unit; the signal receiving unit includes 6 parallel and independent signal receiving channels, each of which has a complete signal processing path from radio frequency to intermediate frequency. Each signal receiving channel includes: a switch selection network, a preselection filter, a limiter, a first-stage low-noise amplifier filter, a radio frequency digitally controlled attenuator, a second-stage low-noise amplifier filter, a switch filter group, a first-stage mixer amplifier filter, a second-stage mixer amplifier filter, an intermediate frequency digitally controlled attenuator and a coupler; the local oscillator unit includes a local oscillator source, a second local oscillator source, a power distribution network, a switch matrix and a clock; the self-test source includes a signal generating circuit and a six-power division network;
[0014] The input end of the switch selection network is the input end of the front-end receiving device, and its output end is connected to the preselection filter, and then connected to the limiter, the first-stage low-noise amplifier filter, the radio frequency digitally controlled attenuator, the second-stage low-noise amplifier filter, the switch filter group, the first-stage mixer amplifier filter, the second-stage mixer amplifier filter, the intermediate frequency digitally controlled attenuator and the coupler in sequence; the output end of the six-power division network of the self-test source is also connected to the input end of the switch selection network respectively; the clock output end of the local oscillator unit is respectively connected to the input end of its local oscillator source and the second local oscillator source, and the local oscillator source includes four independent local oscillators, one of which is connected to the input end of the power distribution network, and the other three are connected to the input end of the switch matrix, the output end of the power distribution network is connected to the input end of the switch matrix, and the output end of the switch matrix is respectively connected to the first-stage mixers of the six receiving channels of the signal receiving unit; the output end of the second local oscillator source is connected to the input end of the power distribution network, and is connected to the second-stage mixer of the signal receiving unit through the output end of the power distribution network; the power detection unit is connected to the output end of the coupler of the signal receiving unit, and the power control unit is respectively connected to the signal receiving unit, the local oscillator unit, the self-test source, and the power detection unit.
[0015] When the present embodiment is working normally, the frequency range of the receivable signal is 0.35GHz~18GHz, and the signal enters the receiving device through three input ports. The corresponding frequency ranges of the three input ports are 0.35GHz~2GHz, 2GHz~6GHz and 6~18GHz respectively. The input RF signal and the calibration signal output by the self-test source first enter the switch selection network, and the power control unit controls it to select the input 6-channel RF signal, and then the signal enters the pre-selection filter corresponding to its frequency, and the filtered signal is input to the limiter to protect the subsequent circuit from being burned by the continuous wave signal within 5W, and then connected to the first stage low-noise amplification filter to realize low-noise reception of the signal, and the manual reception dynamic range is improved by the RF digital attenuator. When the input RF signal power saturates the subsequent circuit, the RF gain control 5 can be manually attenuated under the control of the power control unit E, and its maximum attenuation is 30dB, with a step of 5dB; if the input RF signal power does not cause saturation of the subsequent circuit, the RF digital brush is not attenuated, and the signal input The signal is input into the second-stage low-noise amplification and filtering, and the frequency band is subdivided by the switch filter group. The front-end receiving device selects the corresponding filter through the power control unit according to the frequency band to which the input signal belongs, and filters out the harmonic intermodulation and interference signals. Then the signal enters the first-stage mixing amplification and filtering, and the signal is moved to the same instantaneous bandwidth in time-sharing by connecting a local oscillator source. The maximum bandwidth of the first intermediate frequency in this embodiment is 1 GHz; a local oscillator source selects its corresponding local oscillator frequency according to the frequency of the radio frequency signal by sending a corresponding frequency code through the power control unit. The four receiving channels of the receiving unit can select the same local oscillator source in the local oscillator unit after power division by the power distribution network, and receive the radio frequency signal of the same frequency. In this case, the maximum instantaneous receiving bandwidth of 1 GHz can be achieved; the four receiving channels of the receiving unit can also receive radio frequency signals of different frequencies respectively under the control of the power control unit. At this time, the four receiving channels can select four independent local oscillator sources in the local oscillator unit according to their corresponding frequency codes. The bandwidth splicing of the four signal receiving channels can achieve a maximum instantaneous receiving bandwidth of 4 GHz. The signal is then input into the second-stage mixer-amplifier filter, and mixed to the target intermediate frequency by connecting two local oscillator sources. The intermediate frequency signal enters the intermediate frequency digitally controlled attenuator, and the intermediate frequency digitally controlled attenuator is operated by sending instructions through the power control unit. The receiver gain range is adjusted appropriately according to demand. Before the intermediate frequency signal is output, a part of the power is coupled through the power coupling unit and connected to the power detection unit. The power detection unit is connected to the power control unit to give the power information of the output intermediate frequency signal. Based on the power information, it can be determined whether the device is working normally, thereby realizing the "online health monitoring" of the device.
[0016] During the online amplitude and phase calibration of this embodiment, the self-test source generates a microwave signal of 0.35 to 18 GHz through a signal generating circuit, and then divides it into six calibration signals through a six-power division network. The calibration signal needs to have good amplitude and phase consistency. In order to reduce the complexity of the circuit and reduce the volume of the self-test source, the six-power division network is implemented using a six-power division integrated chip. The amplitude and phase difference caused by the six-power division network and the subsequent cables are tested by a vector network analyzer, and its amplitude and phase calibration table 1 is established. Then, the information of the amplitude and phase calibration table 1 is stored in the memory of the power control unit E. When the receiver receives the self-test command, the information of the amplitude and phase calibration table 1 is output to the radar data processing end through the interface. The power control unit E controls the switch selection network 1 to select the calibration signal input end. The switch selection network 1 is located at the first level of the signal receiving unit to ensure that the amplitude and phase differences caused by all hardware circuits of the signal receiving unit can be calibrated. The 6-channel signals output by the self-test source can be regarded as equal-amplitude and equal-phase calibration signals through the calibration of the amplitude and phase calibration table 1. The frequency of the calibration signal output by the self-test source is controlled by the power control unit E. After the calibration signal passes through each receiving channel of the signal receiving unit, the amplitude and phase difference of the output 6-channel intermediate frequency signals is the amplitude and phase difference between channels caused by the receiver. The amplitude and phase calibration table 2 is established according to the calibration signal frequency code. The amplitude and phase calibration table 2 is a dynamic table that can be calibrated as needed. The calibrated 0.35GHz~18GHz six-channel front-end receiving device has an amplitude consistency of ±1dB and a phase consistency of ±5°.
Claims
1. An ultra-wideband six-channel front-end receiving device, characterized in that: It includes a signal receiving unit, a local oscillator unit, a self-test source, a power detection unit and a power control unit; the signal receiving unit includes 6 parallel and independent signal receiving channels, wherein each signal receiving channel has a complete signal processing path from radio frequency to intermediate frequency, including: a switch selection network, a preselection filter, a limiter, a first-stage low-noise amplifier filter, a radio frequency digitally controlled attenuator, a second-stage low-noise amplifier filter, a switch filter group, a first-stage mixer amplifier filter, a second-stage mixer amplifier filter, an intermediate frequency digitally controlled attenuator and a coupler, and the components are connected in sequence; the local oscillator unit includes a local oscillator source, a second local oscillator source, a power distribution network, a switch matrix and a clock, and the clock is respectively connected to a local oscillator source and Two local oscillator sources are connected, and one local oscillator source includes four independent local oscillators, one of which is connected to a power distribution network, and is connected to a switch matrix with the other three after power division; the self-test source includes a signal generating circuit and a six-power division network, and the two are connected through a matching network; the six-power division network of the self-test source is connected to a signal receiving unit through a switch selection network, and the local oscillator unit is respectively connected to the first-stage mixers of six receiving channels of the signal receiving unit through the switch matrix, and the two local oscillator sources are connected to the second-stage mixer of the signal receiving unit through their power distribution network; the power detection unit is connected to the coupler of the signal receiving unit, and the power control unit is respectively connected to the signal receiving unit, the local oscillator unit, the self-test source, and the power detection unit.
2. The ultra-wideband six-channel front-end receiving device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receivable signal frequency range is 0.35~18GHz. The switch selection network is located in the first level of its signal receiving unit circuit. The amplitude and phase differences caused by all hardware circuits on the receiving channel can be calibrated. The signal receiving unit is connected to 4 independent local oscillator sources in the local oscillator unit to achieve a maximum instantaneous receiving bandwidth of 4GHz.
3. The design method of an ultra-wideband six-channel front-end receiving device according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that: The switch filter group is miniaturized by a multifunctional integrated chip; the signal receiving unit, the local oscillator unit, the self-test source, the power detection unit and the power control unit are all independently packaged and modularized, and the internal circuit is designed with a multi-layer PCB board, micro-surface mounted components, hybrid integrated circuit bare chips and multi-chip modules, and the unit modules are assembled using a micro-assembly process; the unit modules are integrated by spatial stacking, and the unit modules are blindly connected by connectors to achieve miniaturization and integrated design of the front-end receiving device.
4. The design method of an ultra-wideband six-channel front-end receiving device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The amplitude and phase consistency of each receiving channel of the signal receiving unit A is calibrated online by establishing an amplitude and phase calibration table.
5. The design method of an ultra-wideband six-channel front-end receiving device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The self-test source uses a power divider chip to form an ultra-wideband six-power division network, and the amplitude and phase consistency of the six calibration signals output by the self-test source is ensured by establishing an amplitude and phase calibration table for calibration.