Explosion-proof lithium battery pack

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium battery protection, and particularly relates to an anti-explosion lithium battery pack which comprises a battery cell, an anti-explosion main body and an anti-explosion assembly, the anti-explosion main body wraps the periphery of the battery cell, the anti-explosion assembly is arranged in the anti-explosion main body, the anti-explosion main body comprises an anti-explosion layer and a framework layer, the framework layer is wrapped in the anti-explosion layer, and the framework layer is arranged in the anti-explosion layer. The explosion-proof layer is electrically connected with the explosion-proof assembly, and the explosion-proof assembly is conducted and connected with the interior of the explosion-proof layer through a pipeline. The explosion-proof device has the advantages that a damaged area of the battery pack is rapidly sealed and wrapped, leakage and combustion of the battery pack are slowed down, and rapid detonation of the battery pack is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium battery protection, and in particular relates to an explosion-proof lithium battery pack. Background Art

[0002] When the battery pack is scratched on the chassis or hit by a vehicle, the lithium battery is prone to thermal runaway, resulting in a battery pack explosion. When the battery pack explodes, the high-temperature flame, explosion shock wave and flying debris may directly cause fatal injuries to people around. During the thermal runaway process, the lithium battery will decompose toxic gases, such as hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen fluoride. These gases have a direct toxic effect on the human body and may cause respiratory damage and poisoning. The hazards of battery pack explosion are extremely serious, covering casualties, environmental pollution, property losses and social impacts. These hazards not only cause huge losses to individuals and society, but may also hinder the further development and application of lithium battery technology. Therefore, in the process of using and managing lithium batteries, it is necessary to attach great importance to their safety and take effective preventive measures to reduce the risk of battery pack explosions. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an explosion-proof lithium battery pack to solve the problem that the prior art lithium battery is prone to thermal runaway, resulting in explosion of the battery pack.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An explosion-proof lithium battery pack comprises a battery cell, an explosion-proof main body and an explosion-proof component, wherein the explosion-proof main body wraps around the battery cell and the explosion-proof component is arranged inside the explosion-proof main body; The explosion-proof body comprises an explosion-proof layer and a framework layer, the framework layer is wrapped inside the explosion-proof layer, and the explosion-proof layer is electrically connected to the explosion-proof component; The explosion-proof component is conductively connected to the inside of the explosion-proof layer through a pipeline.

[0005] Furthermore, the explosion-proof layer includes a buffer layer, a resistor layer, a PAI layer and a filling layer, the buffer layer, the resistor layer and the PAI layer are sequentially stacked on the outside of the structural layer, the filling layer is arranged on the inside of the structural layer, the filling layer is conductively connected to the explosion-proof component through the explosion-proof component, and the resistor layer is electrically connected to the explosion-proof component.

[0006] Furthermore, the explosion-proof component includes a raw material zone 1, a raw material zone 2, and a mixing zone. A one-way valve is provided at the connection between the raw material zone 1, the raw material zone 2 and the mixing zone. A siphon valve is provided at the outlet of the raw material zone 1 and the raw material zone 2. The siphon valve is conductively connected to the mixing zone through a pipeline, and the mixing zone is conductively connected to the explosion-proof layer.

[0007] Furthermore, a stirrer is provided in the mixing zone.

[0008] When the raw materials enter the mixing area for solution mixing, the stirrer can quickly and evenly mix the two solutions, greatly reducing the solution mixing and curing time, enabling the solution to enter the filling layer for curing and filling faster.

[0009] Further, the explosion-proof component further includes a pneumatic system. The pneumatic system is connected to the explosion-proof component through a trachea. The pneumatic system includes an air tank, an inflation valve, a gas cylinder valve, and a pressure reducing valve. The inflation valve is connected to the air tank through a trachea. The air tank is connected to the gas cylinder valve through a trachea. The gas cylinder valve is connected to the explosion-proof component through a trachea; The air tank is connected to the explosion-proof layer through a pressure reducing valve.

[0010] Further, an electric heating wire is provided inside the air tank.

[0011] Further, the explosion-proof component is connected to a power source.

[0012] Further, the power source is connected to the pneumatic system through a wire.

[0013] Further, a sensor is connected to the resistance layer.

[0014] The electric heating wire can effectively expand the gas in the air tank, improve the flow rate, reduce the flow time, enable the gas filled in the air tank to be quickly filled, and inhibit the combustion and propagation of the flame.

[0015] Further, the explosion-proof main body includes a frame body, an upper group body, and a lower group body. The battery cell is clamped between the upper group body and the lower group body. The frame body wraps the outside of the battery cell; An isolation plate is provided on the frame body. The inside of the isolation plate is hollow. The isolation plate includes a plate body and connecting ribs. One end of the connecting rib is connected to the plate body. One side of the plate body contacts the battery cell. The connecting rib is provided with a plurality of empty slots. The empty slots are connected to the explosion-proof component through pipelines. The inner side of the plate body is arc-shaped.

[0016] Further, the buffer layer includes an alloy layer and a spring layer. The spring layer is provided between the alloy layers. The spring layer is composed of a plurality of springs arranged.

[0017] The alloy layer mainly includes aluminum alloy. The cross-section of the alloy layer inside is in the shape of a Chinese character 'Ri'. The structure can reasonably absorb the impact energy.

[0018] Further, the raw material area one is filled with a silicate solution. The ratio in the silicate solution is that water or other solutions are 60 - 80%, and silicate is 10 - 20%.

[0019] Furthermore, the interior of the second raw material zone is filled with an aluminum hydroxide solution, in which the ratio of the bonding aid is 30-40%, 60-80% is 1-5%, and the ratio of aluminum hydroxide is 5-15%.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: During use, the explosion-proof layer buffers the impact of foreign objects on the battery pack. For example, when the battery pack is scratched by a stone or other protrusion during movement, when the explosion-proof layer is subjected to excessive impact, causing damage or serious deformation, the resistance value of the damaged part of the resistance layer changes. According to the change in resistance value, the explosion-proof component chooses to start, and the siphon valves in the first and second raw material zones are energized, so that the solutions enter the mixing zone through pipelines respectively. When the raw materials enter the mixing zone, the solutions are mixed. The mixing time of the solutions is less than or equal to 2 minutes. After the mixing is completed, the two solutions are input into the filling layer through pipelines to quickly fill and expand, and the damaged area of ​​the battery pack is quickly sealed and wrapped, which slows down the leakage and combustion of the battery pack, avoids rapid explosion of the battery pack, and provides evacuation time for the passengers on the vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of an explosion-proof lithium battery pack embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the local structure of an explosion-proof lithium battery pack embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at X in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of an explosion-proof lithium battery pack embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the local structure of an explosion-proof lithium battery pack embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the local structure of an explosion-proof lithium battery pack embodiment of the present invention Figure 3 ; The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: battery cell 1, explosion-proof main body 2, frame 20, upper assembly 21, lower assembly 22, isolation plate 23, plate body 230, connecting rib 231, empty groove 232, explosion-proof component 3, pipeline 30, raw material zone 1 31, raw material zone 2 32, mixing zone 33, one-way valve 34, one-way valve 34, siphon valve 35, explosion-proof layer 4, buffer layer 40, alloy layer 401, spring layer 402, resistor layer 41, sensor 410, PAI layer 42, filling layer 43, air pressure system 5, air pipe 50, gas tank 51, heating wire 510, charging valve 52, gas cylinder valve 53, pressure reducing valve 54, architecture layer 6, power supply 7, wire 8. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments: It should be noted that the same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the position relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as a limitation on this patent. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0023] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if the term "connection" or the like appears to indicate the connection relationship between components, the term should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention. Example

[0025] like Figure 1-Figure 6As shown, an explosion-proof lithium battery pack includes a battery cell 1, an explosion-proof main body 2, and an explosion-proof component 3. The explosion-proof main body 2 wraps the battery cell 1 on all sides, and the explosion-proof component 3 is arranged inside the explosion-proof main body 2. The explosion-proof main body 2 includes an explosion-proof layer 4 and a framework layer 5. The framework layer 5 is wrapped inside the explosion-proof layer 4. The explosion-proof layer 4 is electrically connected to the explosion-proof component 3. The explosion-proof component 3 is conductively connected to the inside of the explosion-proof layer 4 through a pipeline 30. The explosion-proof layer 4 includes a buffer layer 40, a resistor layer 41, a PAI layer 42 and a filling layer 43. The buffer layer 40, the resistor layer 41, and the PAI layer 42 are sequentially stacked on the outside of the framework layer 5, and the filling layer 43 is arranged on the inside of the framework layer 5. The filling layer 43 is conductively connected to the explosion-proof component 3 through the explosion-proof component 3, and the resistor layer 41 is electrically connected to the explosion-proof component 3. The PAI Layer 42 is polyamide-imide with a glass transition temperature between 250°C and 300°C. Even at a high temperature of 250°C, it can still maintain excellent mechanical properties and a heat deformation temperature of 269°C. At 23°C, its tensile strength can reach 90MPa and its bending strength is 157MPa. At 260°C, these values ​​are 59MPa and 96MPa respectively. It has good stability to most chemical substances, can resist acid and alkali corrosion and solvent erosion, and can effectively isolate solvent erosion when filling the filling layer 43. At the same time, the high tensile strength can ensure that the explosion-proof layer 4 does not deform.

[0026] The explosion-proof component 3 includes a raw material zone 1 31, a raw material zone 2 32, and a mixing zone 33. A one-way valve 34 is provided at the connection between the raw material zone 1 31, the raw material zone 2 32 and the mixing zone 33. A siphon valve 35 is provided at the outlet of the raw material zone 1 31 and the raw material zone 2 32. The siphon valve 35 is conductively connected to the mixing zone 33 through a pipeline 30. The mixing zone 33 is conductively connected to the explosion-proof layer 4. A heating wire 510 is provided inside the gas tank 51. The explosion-proof component 3 is connected to a power supply 7. The power supply 7 is connected to the air pressure system 5 through a wire 8. A sensor 410 is connected to the resistance layer 41.

[0027] During use, the explosion-proof layer 4 in the explosion-proof layer 4 buffers the impact of foreign objects received by the battery pack. For example, when the battery pack is scratched by a stone or other protrusion during movement, when the explosion-proof layer 4 is impacted too much and causes damage or serious deformation of the explosion-proof layer 4, the resistance value of the damaged part of the resistance layer 41 changes. According to the change in resistance value, the explosion-proof component 3 is selected to start, and the siphon valves 35 of the raw material zone 1 31 and the raw material zone 2 32 are energized to allow the solutions to enter the mixing zone 33 through the pipeline 30 respectively. When the raw materials enter the mixing zone, the solutions are mixed. The mixing time of the solutions is less than or less than 2 minutes. After the mixing is completed, the two solutions are input into the filling layer 43 through the pipeline to quickly fill and expand, and the damaged area of ​​the battery pack is quickly sealed and wrapped, which slows down the leakage and combustion of the battery pack, avoids the rapid explosion of the battery pack, and provides evacuation time for the passengers on the vehicle.

[0028] A stirrer 330 is provided in the mixing zone 33. When the raw materials enter the mixing zone and the solutions are mixed, the stirrer 330 can quickly and evenly mix the two solutions, greatly reducing the solution mixing and solidification time, so that the solution can enter the filling layer 43 for solidification and filling more quickly.

[0029] The explosion-proof component 3 further includes a pneumatic system 5, which is connected to the explosion-proof component 3 through an air pipe 50. The pneumatic system 5 includes a gas tank 51, a charging valve 52, a gas cylinder valve 53 and a pressure reducing valve 54. The charging valve 52 is connected to the gas tank 51 through the air pipe 50, the gas tank 51 is connected to the gas cylinder valve 53 through the air pipe 50, and the gas cylinder valve 53 is connected to the explosion-proof component 3 through the air pipe 50. The gas tank 51 is connected to the explosion-proof layer 4 through the pressure reducing valve 54, and the solutions enter the mixing area 33 through the pipeline 30. When the raw materials enter the mixing area and the solutions are mixed, the gas tank 51 inputs high-pressure gas into the mixing area 33 through the gas cylinder valve 53, and the mixed solution is quickly pushed out to the filling layer 43 by the gas pressure, so that the solution can flow and fill evenly and quickly inside the filling layer 43, effectively avoiding the solution from solidifying prematurely in the mixing area 33 due to too slow flow rate; The gas filled in the gas tank 51 is argon, which is an inert gas. When the battery pack is damaged and burned, the pressure reducing valve 54 reduces the argon pressure, so that the argon is directly input into the battery pack, forming a low-oxygen environment in the battery compartment, thereby suppressing the combustion and spread of the flame. They can effectively prevent the occurrence of explosions by reducing the oxygen concentration and reducing the fire source during the thermal runaway process. When the lithium-ion battery is in thermal runaway, argon can significantly reduce the lower explosion limit of the mixed gas in the battery compartment, thereby reducing the risk of explosion. The heating wire 510 can effectively expand the gas in the gas tank 51, increase the circulation rate, and reduce the circulation time, so that the gas filled in the gas tank 51 can be quickly filled, suppressing the combustion and spread of the flame.

[0030] The explosion-proof body 2 includes a frame 20, an upper assembly 21, and a lower assembly 22. The battery cell 1 is sandwiched between the upper assembly 21 and the lower assembly 22. The frame 20 wraps the outer side of the battery cell 1. An isolation plate 23 is provided on the frame 20. The interior of the isolation plate 23 is hollow. The isolation plate 23 includes a plate body 230 and a connecting rib 231. One end of the connecting rib 231 is connected to the plate body 230, and one side of the plate body 230 contacts the battery cell 1. The connecting rib 231 is provided with a plurality of empty grooves 232. The empty grooves 232 are conductively connected to the explosion-proof component 3 through a pipeline 30. The inner side of the plate body 230 is arc-shaped. When the battery pack is hit from the side, the solution enters the mixing zone 33 through the pipeline 30. The solution in the mixing zone 33 quickly fills and seals the interior of the isolation plate 23 and the connecting rib 231 through the pipeline 30 to prevent the battery pack from exploding on the side.

[0031] The buffer layer 40 includes an alloy layer 401 and a spring layer 402. The spring layer 402 is disposed between the alloy layers 401. The spring layer 402 is composed of a plurality of springs arranged. The alloy layer 401 mainly includes aluminum alloy. The interior of the alloy layer 401 has a "day" - shaped cross - section, and the structure can reasonably absorb impact energy.

[0032] The first raw material area 31 is filled with a silicate solution. In the silicate solution, the proportion is: water or other solutions are 60 - 80%, silicate is 10 - 20%. The second raw material area 32 is filled with an aluminum hydroxide solution. In the aluminum hydroxide solution, the proportion of the bonding assistant is 30 - 40%, 60 - 80% is 1 - 5%, and the proportion of aluminum hydroxide is 5 - 15%. This proportion can ensure that the glue has good adhesiveness, mechanical strength and stability at high temperatures. However, in actual applications, the proportion may be adjusted according to factors such as temperature resistance requirements, bonding materials, and use environments. In actual production, it should be optimized and adjusted according to specific product requirements and raw material characteristics. It can withstand high temperatures of 2200 °C and maintain good adhesive properties and corrosion resistance at high temperatures.

[0033] The above - mentioned are only embodiments of the present invention. Common knowledge such as specific structures and characteristics known in the art are not described in detail here. Those of ordinary skill in the art know all the common general technical knowledge in the technical field to which the invention pertains before the application date or the priority date, can know all the prior art in this field, and have the ability to apply conventional experimental means before this date. Those of ordinary skill in the art can, under the inspiration given by this application, combine their own abilities to complete and implement this solution. Some typical well - known structures or well - known methods should not become obstacles for those of ordinary skill in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the implementation effect of the present invention and the practicality of the patent.

Claims

1. An explosion-proof lithium battery pack, characterized in that: It comprises a battery cell (1), an explosion-proof body (2), and an explosion-proof component (3), wherein the explosion-proof body (2) wraps around the battery cell (1), and the explosion-proof component (3) is arranged inside the explosion-proof body (2); The explosion-proof body (2) comprises an explosion-proof layer (4) and a framework layer (6), the framework layer (6) is wrapped inside the explosion-proof layer (4), and the explosion-proof layer (4) is electrically connected to the explosion-proof component (3); The explosion-proof component (3) is conductively connected to the interior of the explosion-proof layer (4) via a pipeline (30).

2. An explosion-proof lithium battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The explosion-proof layer (4) comprises a buffer layer (40), a resistor layer (41), a PAI layer (42) and a filling layer (43); the buffer layer (40), the resistor layer (41) and the PAI layer (42) are sequentially stacked on the outside of the framework layer (6); the filling layer (43) is arranged on the inside of the framework layer (6); the filling layer (43) is conductively connected to the explosion-proof component (3) via the explosion-proof component (3); and the resistor layer (41) is electrically connected to the explosion-proof component (3).

3. The explosion-proof lithium battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The explosion-proof component (3) comprises a first raw material zone (31), a second raw material zone (32), and a mixing zone (33); a one-way valve (34) is provided at the connection between the first raw material zone (31), the second raw material zone (32) and the mixing zone (33); a siphon valve (35) is provided at the outlet of the first raw material zone (31) and the second raw material zone (32); the siphon valve (35) is conductively connected to the mixing zone (33) via a pipeline (30); and the mixing zone (33) is conductively connected to the explosion-proof layer (4).

4. An explosion-proof lithium battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that: A stirrer (330) is provided in the mixing zone (33).

5. The explosion-proof lithium battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The explosion-proof component (3) further comprises a pneumatic system (5), the pneumatic system (5) being connected to the explosion-proof component (3) via an air pipe (50), the pneumatic system (5) comprising a gas tank (51), an air charging valve (52), a gas cylinder valve (53) and a pressure reducing valve (54), the air charging valve (52) being connected to the gas tank (51) via the air pipe (50), the gas tank (51) being connected to the gas cylinder valve (53) via the air pipe (50), and the gas cylinder valve (53) being connected to the explosion-proof component (3) via the air pipe (50); The gas tank (51) is connected to the explosion-proof layer (4) via a pressure reducing valve (54).

6. An explosion-proof lithium battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that: An electric heating wire (510) is provided inside the gas tank (51).

7. An explosion-proof lithium battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The explosion-proof body (2) comprises a frame (20), an upper assembly (21), and a lower assembly (22); the battery cell (1) is sandwiched between the upper assembly (21) and the lower assembly (22); and the frame (20) wraps the outer side of the battery cell (1); An isolation plate (23) is provided on the frame (20), the isolation plate (23) is hollow inside, the isolation plate (23) comprises a plate body (230) and a connecting rib (231), one end of the connecting rib (231) is connected to the plate body (230), one side of the plate body (230) contacts the battery core (1), the connecting rib (231) is provided with a plurality of empty grooves (232), the empty grooves (232) are conductively connected to the explosion-proof component (3) via a pipeline (30), and the inner side of the plate body (230) is arc-shaped.

8. An explosion-proof lithium battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that: The buffer layer (40) comprises an alloy layer (401) and a spring layer (402); the spring layer (402) is arranged between the alloy layers (401); and the spring layer (402) is composed of a plurality of arranged springs.

9. An explosion-proof lithium battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first raw material zone (31) is filled with aluminosilicate solution.

10. An explosion-proof lithium battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second raw material zone (32) is filled with aluminum hydroxide solution.

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