Electronic device

Abstract

According to the electronic equipment, an antenna assembly comprises a radiator, a feed source and a first tuning circuit, the radiator comprises a first free end, a feeding point, a first grounding point and a second free end, the first free end and the feeding point are located on a first sub-frame, the second free end is located on a second sub-frame, and the first grounding point is located on the first sub-frame or the second sub-frame; the feed source is electrically connected with the feed point; the first tuning circuit is electrically connected to the radiator and has a first state and a second state; when the first tuning circuit is in a first state, the radiating body can form a first resonant mode supporting a first frequency band under excitation of the feed source, and main current of the first resonant mode is distributed between the first free end and the feeding point, and when the first tuning circuit is in a second state, main current of the first resonant mode is distributed between the second free end and the feeding point. The radiator can form a second resonance mode supporting the first frequency band under the excitation of the feed source, the main current of the second resonance mode is distributed between the feed point and the second free end, and the antenna performance of the electronic equipment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] Electronic devices are equipped with multiple antenna components to support communications. As the number of internal components of electronic devices increases, the surrounding environment of the antenna components becomes more and more complex, and the clearance space of the antenna components becomes smaller and smaller. Therefore, the functions of improving the antenna performance and controlling the directional pattern of electronic devices have become technical problems that need to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present application provides an electronic device for improving antenna performance and regulating directional patterns.

[0004] An electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application includes a frame and an antenna assembly, wherein the frame includes a first sub-frame and a second sub-frame connected by bending; and the antenna assembly includes:

[0005] A radiator, comprising a first free end, a feeding point, a first grounding point and a second free end, wherein the first free end and the feeding point are located at the first sub-frame, the second free end is located at the second sub-frame, and the first grounding point is located at the first sub-frame or the second sub-frame;

[0006] A feed source, the feed source being electrically connected to the feed point;

[0007] A first tuning circuit, the first tuning circuit is electrically connected to the radiator, the first tuning circuit has a first state and a second state;

[0008] When the first tuning circuit is in the first state, the radiator can form a first resonance mode supporting a first frequency band under the excitation of the feed source, and a main current of the first resonance mode is distributed between the first free end and the feeding point;

[0009] When the first tuning circuit is in the second state, the radiator can form a second resonance mode supporting the first frequency band under the excitation of the feed source, and a main current of the second resonance mode is distributed between the feeding point and the second free end.

[0010] The electronic device provided by the present application comprises a frame and an antenna assembly, wherein the frame comprises a first sub-frame and a second sub-frame connected by bending; the antenna assembly comprises a radiator, a feed source and a first tuning circuit, the radiator comprises a first free end, a feeding point, a first grounding point and a second free end, the first free end and the feeding point are located in the first sub-frame, the second free end is located in the second sub-frame, and the first grounding point is located in the first sub-frame or the second sub-frame; the feed source is electrically connected to the feeding point; the first tuning circuit is electrically connected to the radiator, and the first tuning circuit has a first state and a second state; when the first tuning circuit is in the first state, The radiator can form a first resonance mode supporting the first frequency band under the excitation of the feed source, and the main current of the first resonance mode is distributed between the first free end and the feeding point, that is, it is mainly distributed in the first sub-frame; when the first tuning circuit is in the second state, the radiator can form a second resonance mode supporting the first frequency band under the excitation of the feed source, and the main current of the second resonance mode is distributed between the feeding point and the second free end, that is, it is mainly distributed in the second sub-frame; by switching the state of the first tuning circuit to change the distribution position and direction of the resonance current, the direction of the radiation pattern is adjusted to improve the antenna performance of the electronic device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0012] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0013] Figure 2 is a partial exploded schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0014] Figure 3 It is a partial back view of the electronic device provided by the embodiment of the present application without the back cover;

[0015] Figure 4 It is an enlarged view of a partial back of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0016] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a radiator provided by an embodiment of the present application further including a first tuning point;

[0017] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a first tuning circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application, including a first tuning switch and at least one first tuning branch;

[0018] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a first tuning circuit in the second state provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 8is a structural schematic diagram of a first tuning circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application in the first state;

[0020] Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of a second first tuning circuit in the second state provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Fig.10 is a structural schematic diagram of a first tuning branch provided by an embodiment of the present application further including a second sub-inductive element;

[0022] Fig.11 is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application further comprising a second tuning circuit;

[0023] Fig.12 is a structural schematic diagram of the second tuning circuit in the third state and the first tuning circuit in the first state provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Fig.13 is a structural schematic diagram of the second tuning circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application in the fourth state;

[0025] Fig.14 is a structural schematic diagram of a second tuning circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application further including a third tuning branch;

[0026] Fig.15 is a structural schematic diagram of a current distribution of a first resonance mode provided in an embodiment of the present application including a first sub-current distribution;

[0027] Fig.16 It is a structural schematic diagram of a current distribution of a first resonance mode provided by an embodiment of the present application and also including a second sub-current distribution;

[0028] Fig.17 It is a structural schematic diagram of a main current distribution of a third resonance mode provided in an embodiment of the present application including a third sub-current distribution;

[0029] Fig.18 It is a structural schematic diagram of the current distribution of the third resonance mode provided in an embodiment of the present application and also including a fourth sub-current distribution;

[0030] Fig.19 is a structural schematic diagram of a main current distribution of a second resonance mode provided in an embodiment of the present application including a fifth sub-current distribution;

[0031] Fig. 20 It is a structural schematic diagram of a main current distribution of a second resonance mode provided in an embodiment of the present application including a sixth sub-current distribution;

[0032] Fig.21is a rear-view 3D directional diagram of an electronic device in a first resonance mode of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Fig. 22 is a side-view 3D directional diagram of an electronic device in a first resonance mode of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Fig.23 is a rear-view 3D directional diagram of an electronic device in a third resonance mode of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Fig.24 is a side-view 3D directional diagram of an electronic device in a third resonance mode of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Fig.25 is a rear-view 3D directional diagram of an electronic device in a second resonance mode of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Fig.26 is a side-view 3D directional diagram of an electronic device in a second resonance mode of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Fig. 27 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a rear cover side of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Fig.28 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a display screen side of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Fig.29 is an S11 curve of the first resonant mode of the antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Fig.30 is a schematic diagram of current distribution at a 90° phase in the first resonant mode of the antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Fig.31 is a schematic diagram of current distribution at a phase of 180° in the first resonant mode of the antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Fig.32 is the S11 curve of the antenna assembly in the third resonance mode provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Fig.33 is a schematic diagram of current distribution at a 0° phase in the third resonant mode of the antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Fig.34 is a schematic diagram of current distribution at a 90° phase in the third resonant mode of the antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Fig.35 is an S11 curve of the second resonant mode of the antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Fig.36 is a schematic diagram of current distribution at a 90° phase in the second resonant mode of the antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Fig.37 It is a schematic diagram of current distribution at a phase of 0° in the second resonant mode of the antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0049] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0050] Electronic device 1000; antenna assembly 100; display screen 200; middle frame 300; back cover 400; middle plate 310; frame 320; top frame 321; bottom frame 324; first side frame 322; second side frame 323; first sub-frame 320a; second sub-frame 320b; reference ground system 500; mainboard 600; radiator 10; feed source 20; first tuning circuit 30; first free end E1; feed point A; first grounding point D1; second free end E2; third free end E3; first Coupling gap G1; second coupling gap G2; main branch 11; reverse parasitic branch 12; first tuning point T1; first tuning switch 31; first tuning branch 32; first capacitive element C1; first sub-inductive element L01; second sub-inductive element L02; second tuning circuit 40; second tuning point T2; second tuning switch 41; second tuning branch 42; first inductive element L1; third tuning branch 43; second inductive element L3; parasitic branch 13; second grounding point D2; third sub-frame 320c. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The technical solution of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described in the present application are only a part of the embodiments, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments provided in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0052] Reference to "embodiments" in this application means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative to other embodiments. It can be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0053] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example: a component or device including one or more parts is not limited to the one or more parts listed, but optionally includes one or more parts that are not listed but inherent to the exemplified product, or one or more parts that it should have based on the described function.

[0054] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The electronic device 1000 includes but is not limited to a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a computer, a wearable device, a drone, a robot, a digital camera, and other devices with communication functions. The present embodiment of the application is described by taking a mobile phone as an example, and other electronic devices can refer to this embodiment.

[0055] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 1 is a partial exploded schematic diagram of an electronic device 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The working environment of the antenna assembly 100 is illustrated by taking the electronic device 1000 as a mobile phone as an example. The electronic device 1000 includes a display screen 200, a middle frame 300 and a back cover 400 arranged in sequence along the thickness direction. Among them, the middle frame 300 includes a middle plate 310 and a frame 320 surrounding the side of the middle plate 310. The frame 320 is a conductive frame, such as a metal frame. A receiving space is formed between the display screen 200 and the middle plate 310, and between the middle plate 310 and the back cover 400 to accommodate components such as a main board 600, a camera module, a receiver module, a battery 700, a sub-board and various sensors. One side of the frame 320 along the thickness direction is surrounded by the edge of the display screen 200, and the other side of the frame 320 along the thickness direction is surrounded by the edge of the back cover 400 to form a complete appearance structure of the electronic device 1000. In this embodiment, the frame 320 and the middle plate 310 are an integral structure, and the frame 320 and the back cover 400 are separate structures. The above is the working environment of the antenna assembly 100 taking a mobile phone as an example, but the antenna assembly 100 of the present application is not limited to the above working environment.

[0056] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3It is a partial back view of the electronic device 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application without the back cover 400. The frame 320 includes a top frame 321, a bottom frame 324, and a first side frame 322 and a second side frame 323 connected to the top frame 321 and the bottom frame 324. Among them, the top frame 321 is the side away from the ground when the user holds the electronic device 1000 and uses the screen vertically, and the bottom frame 324 is the side facing the ground when the user holds the electronic device 1000 and uses the screen vertically. The first side frame 322 is the left side when the user holds the electronic device 1000 and uses the screen vertically. The second side frame 323 is the right side when the user holds the electronic device 1000 and uses the screen vertically. Of course, the first side frame 322 can also be the right side when the user holds the electronic device 1000. The second side frame 323 is the left side when the user holds the electronic device 1000.

[0057] Optionally, the top frame 321 is a straight frame, the first side frame 322 and the second side frame 323 are both straight frames in the middle, and the two ends are bent frames, wherein the bending angles of the bent frames at the two ends of the first side frame 322 are close to or 90°. The bending angles of the bent frames at the two ends of the second side frame 323 are close to or 90°. The bent frames are curved in an arc. The bottom frame 324 is a straight frame.

[0058] See also Figure 3 The frame 320 includes a first sub-frame 320a and a second sub-frame 320b connected in a bent manner, wherein the bending angle of the bent connection is close to or equal to 90°.

[0059] Optionally, the first sub-frame 320a and the second sub-frame 320b are two adjacent sub-frames on the frame 320. Optionally, the first sub-frame 320a can be a top frame 320, and the second sub-frame 320b can be a first side frame 322 or a second side frame 323. Optionally, the first sub-frame 320a can be a first side frame 322, and the second sub-frame 320b can be a top frame 321 or a bottom frame 324. Optionally, the first sub-frame 320a can be a bottom frame 324, and the second sub-frame 320b can be a first side frame 322 or a second side frame 323. Optionally, the first sub-frame 320a can be a second side frame 323, and the second sub-frame 320b can be a bottom frame 324 or a top frame 321.

[0060] See also Figure 3, the electronic device 1000 also includes a reference ground system 500. The reference ground system 500 is arranged in the frame 320. The shape of the reference ground system 500 is roughly rectangular. Because devices are set up in the mobile phone as needed or other structures are avoided, various grooves, holes, etc. are opened on the reference ground edge of the reference ground system 500. The reference ground system 500 includes but is not limited to the metal alloy part of the middle plate 310 and the reference ground metal part of the circuit board (including the main board 600 and the sub-board). Roughly speaking, the reference ground system in the electronic device 1000 can be equivalent to a rough rectangle, so it is called the reference ground system 500. Among them, the reference ground system 500 does not indicate that the shape of the reference ground is plate-shaped and is a rectangular plate.

[0061] The specific structure of the antenna assembly 100 provided in the first embodiment is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0062] See also Figure 3 The antenna assembly 100 includes a radiator 10, a feed source 20, and a first tuning circuit 30.

[0063] The present application does not specifically limit the material of the radiator 10. Optionally, the material of the radiator 10 is a conductive material, including but not limited to conductive materials such as metals and alloys. The present application does not specifically limit the shape of the radiator 10. For example, the shape of the radiator 10 includes but is not limited to a strip, a sheet, a rod, a coating, a film, etc. Figure 3 The radiator 10 shown is only an example and does not limit the shape of the radiator 10 provided in the present application. In the present embodiment, the radiators 10 are all in strip shape. The present application does not limit the extension trajectory of the radiator 10. Optionally, the radiator 10 can extend along a straight line, or along a curve, or along a bending line. The radiator 10 can be a line with uniform width on the extension trajectory, or a strip with unequal width such as a gradient width and a widened area.

[0064] The present application does not specifically limit the form of the radiator 10. Optionally, the form of the radiator 10 includes but is not limited to a metal frame 320, a metal frame embedded in a plastic frame 320, a metal radiator 10 located in or on the frame 320, a flexible printed circuit board antenna formed on a flexible printed circuit board (FPC), a laser direct structured antenna by laser direct structure (LDS), a printed direct structured antenna by printing direct structure (PDS), a conductive sheet antenna (such as a metal bracket antenna), etc. In this embodiment, the radiator 10 is taken as a part of the metal frame 320 of the electronic device 1000 as an example.

[0065] See also Figure 3 The radiator 10 includes a first free end E1, a feeding point A, a first grounding point D1 and a second free end E2. Optionally, the first free end E1, the feeding point A, the first grounding point D1 and the second free end E2 are arranged in sequence.

[0066] The free end (including the first free end E1, the second free end E2 and the third free end E3) mentioned in the present application refers to an end that is disconnected from other conductive parts on the frame 320 through an insulating gap and is disconnected from the reference ground system 500. In order to ensure the structural strength of the frame 320 of the electronic device 1000, the insulating gap is filled with an insulating material.

[0067] The feeding point A is located between the first free end E1 and the first grounding point D1. The present application does not limit the specific position of the feeding point A. Optionally, the feeding point A may be a protrusion protruding toward the reference ground system 500 on the inner side of the frame 320.

[0068] See also Figure 3 , the first free end E1 and the feeding point A are located on the first sub-frame 320a. Further, optionally, a first coupling gap G1 is provided on the first sub-frame 320a, and the first free end E1 is the end of the radiator 10 close to the first coupling gap G1.

[0069] The present application does not specifically limit the size of the first coupling gap G1. Optionally, the spacing of the first coupling gap G1 is greater than 0 mm and less than 2 mm. When the radiator 10 is a part of the frame 320, the first coupling gap G1 is a gap opened on the frame 320. In addition, the first coupling gap G1 is filled with an insulating medium to ensure the structural strength of the frame 320.

[0070] See also Figure 3 , the second free end E2 is located at the second sub-frame 320b. Further, optionally, a second coupling gap is provided on the second sub-frame 320b, and the second free end E2 is the end of the radiator 10 close to the second coupling gap G2.

[0071] The first grounding point D1 is located at the first sub-frame 320a or the second sub-frame 320b. Optionally, the first grounding point D1 can be located at the first sub-frame 320a or the second sub-frame 320b.

[0072] The grounding points described in the present application (including the first grounding point D1 and the second grounding point) are electrically connected to the reference ground system 500, wherein the electrical connection method includes but is not limited to returning the grounding point to the ground through a grounding spring; or, the grounding point and the reference ground system 500 are interconnected as a whole, that is, through a physical return to the ground method.

[0073] The feed source 20 includes but is not limited to a radio frequency transceiver chip, etc. The feed source 20 is disposed on the main board 600 .

[0074] The feed source 20 is electrically connected to the feed point A. The electrical connection described in the present application includes direct electrical connection between two structures, or indirect electrical connection through other components. In this embodiment, the feed source 20 is electrically connected to the feed point A indirectly through other electronic components.

[0075] The feed source 20 is configured to provide an RF excitation current of a required frequency band. The RF signal output port of the feed source 20 is a feed port, which includes but is not limited to being electrically connected to a feed point A (e.g., a bump on the inner side of the frame 320) on the frame 320 by indirect means such as welding, or through a coaxial line, or through a microstrip line, or through a conductive spring, or through a conductive screw. In this embodiment, the feed source 20 is electrically connected to the feed point A through a feed spring (conductive spring) provided on the mainboard 600.

[0076] Optional, see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The antenna assembly 100 includes a first matching circuit M1. The first matching circuit M1 is electrically connected between the feed source 20 and the feed point A. The first matching circuit M1 includes at least one of a capacitor and an inductor. The first matching circuit M1 helps the feed source 20 to excite a resonant current mode on the radiator 10 by adjusting the impedance matching between the feed source 20 port (the aforementioned feed port) and the radiator 10 port.

[0077] In other words, after the RF excitation signal of the first frequency band provided by the feed source 20 is transmitted to the radiator 10, a resonant current can be excited in the radiator 10 to form a resonant mode to support the frequency band corresponding to the resonant current.

[0078] The first tuning circuit 30 is electrically connected to the radiator 10. The present application does not specifically limit the position where the first tuning circuit 30 is electrically connected to the radiator 10.

[0079] The first tuning circuit 30 has a first state and a second state. The first tuning circuit 30 has different impedances in the first state and the second state, thereby tuning the impedance on the radiator 10 and further changing the current distribution on the radiator 10 to form a resonance mode with different current distributions.

[0080] The first state includes but is not limited to any one of a 0 ohm resistance state (short circuit to ground), a low impedance state, a high impedance state, and an open circuit state.

[0081] The second state includes but is not limited to any one of a 0 ohm resistance state (short circuit to ground), a low impedance state, a high impedance state, and an open circuit state. Furthermore, the first state and the second state are different states and have different impedances.

[0082] When the first tuning circuit 30 is in the first state, the radiator 10 can form a first resonance mode supporting a first frequency band under the excitation of the feed source 20. The main current of the first resonance mode is distributed between the first free end E1 and the feeding point A.

[0083] Optionally, the feed source 20 is configured to provide a radio frequency excitation signal of a first frequency band. The present application does not specifically limit the size of the first frequency band. Optionally, the first frequency band includes but is not limited to at least one of the LB band (less than 1 GHz), the MHB band (1-3 GHz), the UHB band (greater than 3 GHz), the Wi-Fi band, the GPS band, etc.

[0084] Optionally, the first free end E1 of the radiator 10 and the feeding point A are configured to support the first frequency band. The present application is not limited to the RF excitation signal of the first frequency band forming a current mode of 1 / 4 wavelength, or 1 / 2 wavelength, or 3 / 4 wavelength, or 1 wavelength, etc. n*1 / 4 wavelength at the first free end E1 of the radiator 10 and the feeding point A. Taking the 1 / 4 wavelength mode as an example, specifically, the equivalent electrical length of the first free end E1 of the radiator 10 and the feeding point A is close to or is 1 / 4 wavelength of the center frequency of the first frequency band, so as to excite the first free end E1 of the radiator 10 and the feeding point A to form a current mode of 1 / 4 wavelength supporting the first frequency band. The closeness described in this article is floating up and down by 1 / 10 wavelength.

[0085] Further, the 1 / 4 wavelength current mode indicates that the current intensity of the resonant current changes from strong to weak or from weak to strong. For example, the main current distribution of the first resonant mode flows from the first free end E1 to the feeding point A or from the feeding point A to the first free end E1, wherein the feeding point A is a current strong point and the first free end E1 is a current weak point.

[0086] Of course, the first resonance mode also generates current distribution in other areas of the radiator 10 , and the current distribution between the first free end E1 and the feeding point A is the main current distribution.

[0087] When the first tuning circuit 30 is in the second state, the radiator 10 can form a second resonance mode supporting the first frequency band under the excitation of the feed source 20. The main current of the second resonance mode is distributed between the feed point A and the second free end E2.

[0088] Optionally, the feeding point A of the radiator 10 and the second free end E2 are configured to support the first frequency band. The present application is not limited to the RF excitation signal of the first frequency band forming a current mode of 1 / 4 wavelength, or 1 / 2 wavelength, or 3 / 4 wavelength, or 1 wavelength, etc. n*1 / 4 wavelength at the feeding point A of the radiator 10 and the second free end E2. Taking the 1 / 2 wavelength mode as an example, specifically, the equivalent electrical length of the feeding point A of the radiator 10 and the second free end E2 is close to or is 1 / 2 wavelength of the center frequency of the first frequency band, so as to excite the feeding point A of the radiator 10 and the second free end E2 to form a current mode of 1 / 2 wavelength supporting the first frequency band. The current described in this article is close to floating up and down by 1 / 10 wavelength. Furthermore, the 1 / 2 wavelength current mode between the feeding point A of the radiator 10 and the second free end E2 is a unidirectional current. The direction of the current can be from the feeding point A to the second free end E2, or from the second free end E2 to the feeding point A.

[0089] Further, the 1 / 2 wavelength current mode indicates that the current intensity of the resonant current changes from weak to strong to weak. For example, the main current distribution of the first resonant mode flows from the second free end E2 to the feeding point A, and the current intensity first increases and then decreases. Alternatively, the main current distribution of the first resonant mode flows from the feeding point A to the second free end E2, and the current intensity first increases and then decreases.

[0090] Of course, the second resonance mode also generates current distribution in other areas of the radiator 10 , and the current distribution between the second free end E2 and the feeding point A is the main current distribution.

[0091] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The section between the first free end E1 and the first grounding point D1 is called the main branch 11 , and the section between the first grounding point D1 and the second free end E2 is called the reverse parasitic branch 12 .

[0092] Optionally, the first tuning circuit 30 may be electrically connected to the main branch 11 to tune the equivalent electrical length of the main branch 11 , thereby adjusting the current distribution on the main branch 11 to tune the radiation direction.

[0093] Alternatively, the first tuning circuit 30 may be electrically connected to the reverse parasitic stub 12 to tune the equivalent electrical length of the reverse parasitic stub 12 , thereby adjusting the current distribution on the reverse parasitic stub 12 to tune the radiation direction.

[0094] The first grounding point D1 is located near the connection between the first sub-frame 320a and the second sub-frame 320b. The main branch 11 is located at the first sub-frame 320a, and the reverse parasitic branch 12 is located at the second sub-frame 320b.

[0095] Taking the first sub-frame 320a as the top frame 321 and the second sub-frame 320b as the first side frame 322 as an example, the current distribution of the first resonance mode is mainly located in the first sub-frame 320a (i.e., the top frame 321), and the current distribution of the second resonance mode is mainly located in the second sub-frame 320b (i.e., the first side frame 322). The first sub-frame 320a and the second sub-frame 320b are arranged to intersect. Therefore, the direction in which the current distribution of the first resonance mode is located intersects with the direction in which the current distribution of the second resonance mode is located. Furthermore, when the electronic device 1000 is in a vertical screen state, the current distribution of the first resonance mode is in the top frame 321 and is a horizontal current distribution, and the current distribution of the second resonance mode is mainly in the first side frame 322 and is mainly a longitudinal current distribution. Current distributions in different directions form directional diagrams (main radiation directions) in different directions.

[0096] In other words, by adjusting the state of the first tuning circuit 30, the impedance value of the first tuning circuit 30 is tuned, and then the overall equivalent electrical length of the radiator 10 and the first tuning circuit 30 is tuned. Specifically, when the overall equivalent electrical length is close to 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band, it is conducive to exciting a 1 / 4 wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band, and then a stronger 1 / 4 wavelength current distribution is formed in this part. When the overall equivalent electrical length is far different from the 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band, it is not easy for this part to form a 1 / 4 wavelength current distribution supporting the first frequency band, and the current intensity of this part is weak. By tuning the overall equivalent electrical length of the radiator 10 and the first tuning circuit 30 as described above, different current distributions are formed, and then directional diagrams (main radiation directions) with different directions are formed.

[0097] The electronic device 1000 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a frame 320 and an antenna assembly 100, wherein the frame 320 includes a first sub-frame 320a and a second sub-frame 320b connected by bending; the antenna assembly 100 includes a radiator 10, a feed source 20 and a first tuning circuit 30, the radiator 10 includes a first free end E1, a feed point A, a first grounding point D1 and a second free end E2, the first free end E1 and the feed point A are located in the first sub-frame 320a, the second free end E2 is located in the second sub-frame 320b, and the first grounding point D1 is located in the first sub-frame 320a or the second sub-frame 320b; the feed source 20 is electrically connected to the feed point A; the first tuning circuit 30 is electrically connected to the radiator 10, and the first tuning circuit 30 has a first state and a second state; when the first tuning circuit 30 is in the first state, the radiator 10 can form a first resonance mode supporting the first frequency band under the excitation of the feed source 20, and the main current of the first resonance mode is distributed between the first free end E1 and the feeding point A, that is, it is mainly distributed in the first sub-frame 320a; when the first tuning circuit 30 is in the second state, the radiator 10 can form a second resonance mode supporting the first frequency band under the excitation of the feed source 20, and the main current of the second resonance mode is distributed between the feeding point A and the second free end E2, that is, it is mainly distributed in the second sub-frame 320b; by switching the state of the first tuning circuit 30, the position and direction of the resonant current distribution can be changed, and then the direction of the radiation pattern can be adjusted to improve the antenna performance of the electronic device 1000.

[0098] In an optional implementation, the number of the tuning circuit for tuning the current distribution in the first frequency band is one, namely, the aforementioned first tuning circuit 30 .

[0099] In an alternative implementation, see Figure 4, the radiator 10 also includes a first tuning point T1. The first tuning point T1 is located between the first free end E1 and the first grounding point D1. In other words, the first tuning circuit 30 is electrically connected to the main branch 11 of the radiator 10. Further, the first tuning circuit 30 is electrically connected between the feeding point A and the first free end E1 or the feeding point A. By setting the first tuning circuit 30 to be electrically connected between the feeding point A and the first free end E1 or the feeding point A, the current distribution between the feeding point A and the first free end E1 is tuned, and since the radiator 10 between the feeding point A and the first free end E1 is located in the first sub-frame 320a (i.e., the top frame 321), the first tuning circuit 30 can tune the current distribution on the top frame 321. Specifically, when the first tuning circuit 30 is in the first state, the current distribution on the top frame 321 is relatively strong. When the first tuning circuit 30 is in the second state, the current distribution on the top frame 321 is relatively weak. In other words, when the first tuning circuit 30 is in the second state, the current intensity on the top frame 321 is less than the current intensity on the top frame 321 when the first tuning circuit 30 is in the first state. The above is to tune the change of the current distribution intensity between the first free end E1 and the feeding point A by switching the state of the first tuning circuit 30, and then tune the main radiation direction of the directional pattern of the antenna assembly 100 in the first frequency band.

[0100] In another alternative embodiment, see Figure 5 , the radiator 10 also includes a first tuning point T1. The first tuning point T1 is located between the second free end E2 and the first grounding point D1. In other words, the first tuning circuit 30 is electrically connected to the reverse parasitic branch 12 of the radiator 10. Further, the first tuning circuit 30 is electrically connected between the feeding point A and the second free end E2. By setting the first tuning circuit 30 to be electrically connected between the feeding point A and the second free end E2, the current distribution between the feeding point A and the second free end E2 is tuned. Since the radiator 10 between the feeding point A and the second free end E2 is located in the second sub-frame 320b (i.e., the first side frame 322), the first tuning circuit 30 can tune the current distribution (longitudinal current distribution) on the first side frame 322. Specifically, when the first tuning circuit 30 is in the first state, the current distribution on the first side frame 322 is weak. When the first tuning circuit 30 is in the second state, the current distribution on the first side frame 322 is strong. In other words, when the first tuning circuit 30 is in the second state, the current intensity on the first side frame 322 is greater than the current intensity on the first side frame 322 when the first tuning circuit 30 is in the first state. The above is to tune the change of the current distribution intensity between the second free end E2 and the feeding point A by switching the state of the first tuning circuit 30, thereby tuning the main radiation direction of the directional diagram of the antenna assembly 100 in the first frequency band.

[0101] Optional, see Figure 6 The first tuning circuit 30 includes a first tuning switch 31 and at least one first tuning branch 32. One end of the first tuning switch 31 is electrically connected to the first tuning point T1. The other end of the first tuning switch 31 is electrically connected to one end of the first tuning branch 32. The other end of the first tuning branch 32 is grounded.

[0102] When the first tuning point T1 is located at the feeding point A, the first tuning circuit 30 and the feed source 20 can be electrically connected to the same feeding spring, thereby saving a feeding spring and reducing costs.

[0103] See also Figure 6 , taking the first tuning point T1 located at the feeding point A as an example.

[0104] See also Figure 6 When the first tuning circuit 30 is in the first state, the first tuning switch 31 conducts the first tuning branch 32 and the first tuning point T1. Optionally, the first tuning branch 32 is a low impedance circuit for the first frequency band. At this time, the first tuning circuit 30 is in a low impedance state.

[0105] On the one hand, the current on the radiator 10 can pass through the first tuning point T1 and the first tuning branch 32 to the ground, thereby making the first tuning point T1 have a strong current distribution near the first tuning point; on the other hand, the radiator 10 and the first tuning branch 32 between the first free end E1 and the feeding point A form an overall equivalent electrical length close to 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band, which is conducive to forming a 1 / 4 wavelength current distribution supporting the first frequency band between the first free end E1 and the feeding point A. The above is conducive to forming a strong current distribution of the first resonance mode between the first free end E1 and the feeding point A.

[0106] Optional, see Figure 6 , the first tuning branch 32 includes a first capacitive element C1. When the first tuning circuit 30 is in the first state, one end of the first capacitive element C1 is electrically connected to the first tuning point T1 via the first tuning switch 31, and the other end of the first capacitive element C1 is grounded. The first capacitive element C1 is a small capacitor, so as to present a small impedance state to the mobile communication frequency band.

[0107] Optionally, the first capacitive element C1 includes a capacitor, and the present application does not specifically limit the capacitance value of the capacitor. The capacitance value of the capacitor satisfies that the first frequency band presents a small impedance, and the overall electrical length formed by the radiator 10 between the first free end E1 and the feeding point A is close to 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band.

[0108] Taking the first frequency band as the B41 frequency band as an example, the first capacitive element C1 includes a small capacitor, and the capacitance value of the small capacitor is less than or equal to 2pF. The capacitance value of the small capacitor includes but is not limited to 0.5pF. Of course, in other embodiments, the capacitance value of the small capacitor can also be 0.2pF, 0.3pF, 0.4pF, 0.6pF, 0.7pF, 0.8pF, 0.9pF, 1pF, 1.1pF, 1.2pF, 1.3pF, 1.4pF, 1.5pF, 1.6pF, 1.7pF, 1.8pF, 1.9pF, 2pF, etc., any one or a value before both.

[0109] See also Figure 7 When the first tuning circuit 30 is in the second state, the first tuning switch 31 disconnects the first tuning branch 32 from the first tuning point T1. At this time, the first tuning circuit 30 is in an open circuit state.

[0110] The electrical length between the first free end E1 and the feeding point A is somewhat different from the 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band, so it is not easy to excite the 1 / 4 wavelength resonance mode of the first frequency band between the first free end E1 and the feeding point A. Therefore, the current intensity between the first free end E1 and the feeding point A is weak.

[0111] See also Figure 8 , taking the first tuning point T1 being located between the second free end E2 and the feeding point A as an example.

[0112] See also Figure 8 When the first tuning circuit 30 is in the first state, the first tuning switch 31 disconnects the first tuning branch 32 from the first tuning point T1. At this time, the first tuning circuit 30 is in an open circuit state.

[0113] The electrical length between the second free end E2 and the feeding point A is somewhat different from the 1 / 2 wavelength of the first frequency band, so it is not easy to excite the 1 / 2 wavelength resonance mode of the first frequency band between the second free end E2 and the feeding point A. Therefore, the current intensity between the second free end E2 and the feeding point A is weak.

[0114] See also Fig. 9 When the first tuning circuit 30 is in the second state, the first tuning switch 31 connects the first tuning branch 32 and the first tuning point T1.

[0115] Optionally, the first tuning branch 32 is a low impedance circuit for the first frequency band. At this time, the first tuning circuit 30 is in a low impedance state.

[0116] On the one hand, the current on the radiator 10 can pass through the first tuning point T1 and the first tuning branch 32 to the ground, thereby making the first tuning point T1 have a strong current distribution near the first tuning point; on the other hand, the radiator 10 and the first tuning branch 32 between the second free end E2 and the feeding point A form an overall equivalent electrical length close to 1 / 2 wavelength of the first frequency band, which is conducive to forming a 1 / 2 wavelength current distribution supporting the first frequency band between the second free end E2 and the feeding point A. The above is conducive to forming a current distribution of a second resonance mode with a stronger intensity between the second free end E2 and the feeding point A.

[0117] Optional, see Fig. 9 , the first tuning branch 32 includes a first sub-inductive element L01. When the first tuning circuit 30 is in the second state, one end of the first sub-inductive element L01 is electrically connected to the first tuning point T1 via the first tuning switch 31, and the other end of the first sub-inductive element L01 is grounded. The first sub-inductive element L01 is a small inductor, so as to be in a small impedance state to the mobile communication frequency band.

[0118] Optionally, the first sub-inductive element L01 includes an inductor device, and the present application does not specifically limit the inductance value of the inductor device. The inductance value of the inductor device satisfies that it has a small impedance for the first frequency band, and the overall electrical length formed by the radiator 10 between the second free end E2 and the feeding point A is close to 1 / 2 wavelength of the first frequency band.

[0119] Taking the first frequency band as the B41 frequency band as an example, the first sub-inductive element L01 includes a small inductor, and the inductance value of the small inductor is less than or equal to 10nH. The inductance value of the small inductor includes but is not limited to 2.7nH. Of course, in other embodiments, the inductance value of the small inductor can also be any one of 0.5nH, 1nH, 1.5nH, 2nH, 2.5nH, 3nH, etc., or a value before both.

[0120] See also Fig.10 , the first tuning branch 32 also includes a second sub-inductive element L02. When the first tuning circuit 30 is in the second state, one end of the second sub-inductive element L02 is electrically connected to the first tuning point T1 via the first tuning switch 31, and the other end of the first sub-inductive element L01 is grounded. The second sub-inductive element L02 is a small inductor, which is in a small impedance state to the mobile communication frequency band. Taking the first frequency band as the B41 frequency band as an example, the second sub-inductive element L02 includes a small inductor, and the inductance value of the small inductor is less than or equal to 10nH. The inductance value of the small inductor includes but is not limited to 6.8nH. Of course, in other embodiments, the inductance value of the small inductor can also be 1nH, 2nH, 3nH, 4nH, 5nH, 6nH, 7nH, 8nH, 9nH, 10nH, etc., any one or a value before both.

[0121] In an alternative embodiment, see Fig.11 The number of tuning circuits for tuning the current distribution in the first frequency band is multiple, for example, the multiple tuning circuits include the aforementioned first tuning circuit 30 and second tuning circuit 40. In other words, the antenna assembly 100 also includes the second tuning circuit 40.

[0122] The second tuning circuit 40 is electrically connected to the radiator 10. The present application does not specifically limit the position where the second tuning circuit 40 is electrically connected to the radiator 10.

[0123] Optionally, the second tuning circuit 40 may be electrically connected to the main branch 11 to tune the equivalent electrical length of the main branch 11 , thereby adjusting the current distribution on the main branch 11 to tune the radiation direction.

[0124] For optional reference, see Fig.11 The second tuning circuit 40 can be electrically connected to the reverse parasitic branch 12 to tune the equivalent electrical length of the reverse parasitic branch 12, and further adjust the current distribution on the reverse parasitic branch 12 to tune the radiation direction.

[0125] The second tuning circuit 40 has a third state and a fourth state.

[0126] The third state includes but is not limited to any one of a 0 ohm resistance state (short circuit to ground), a low impedance state, a high impedance state, and an open circuit state.

[0127] The fourth state includes but is not limited to any one of a 0 ohm resistance state (short circuit to ground), a low impedance state, a high impedance state, and an open circuit state. Furthermore, the third state and the fourth state are different states and have different impedances.

[0128] The second tuning circuit 40 has different impedances in the third state and the fourth state, thereby tuning the impedance on the radiator 10 and further changing the current distribution on the radiator 10 to form resonance modes with different current distributions.

[0129] See also Fig.12 When the second tuning circuit 40 is in the third state and the first tuning circuit 30 is in the first state, the radiator 10 can form the first resonance mode supporting the first frequency band under the excitation of the feed source 20.

[0130] Take the second tuning circuit 40 electrically connected between the feeding point A and the second free end E2 as an example.

[0131] When the second tuning circuit 40 is in the third state, the current distribution from the feeding point A to the second free end E2 is relatively weak. Optionally, the equivalent electrical length of the radiator 10 and the second tuning circuit 40 between the feeding point A and the second free end E2 has a certain gap with the 1 / 2 wavelength of the first frequency band, so that the current distribution from the feeding point A to the second free end E2 is relatively weak.

[0132] See also Fig.13 When the second tuning circuit 40 is in the fourth state and the first tuning circuit 30 is in the second state, the radiator 10 can form the second resonance mode supporting the first frequency band under the excitation of the feed source 20.

[0133] When the second tuning circuit 40 is in the fourth state, the current distribution from the feeding point A to the second free end E2 is relatively strong. Optionally, the equivalent electrical length of the radiator 10 and the second tuning circuit 40 between the feeding point A and the second free end E2 is close to 1 / 2 wavelength, so that the current distribution from the feeding point A to the second free end E2 is relatively strong at 1 / 2 wavelength.

[0134] Take the first tuning point T1 located at the feeding point A as an example.

[0135] See also Fig.12 and Fig.13 The radiator 10 further includes a second tuning point T2. The second tuning point T2 is located between the second free end E2 and the first grounding point D1.

[0136] In other words, the second tuning circuit 40 is electrically connected to the reverse parasitic branch 12 of the radiator 10. Further, the second tuning circuit 40 is electrically connected between the feed point A and the second free end E2. By setting the second tuning circuit 40 to electrically connect the feed point A and the second free end E2, the current distribution between the feed point A and the second free end E2 is tuned. Since the radiator 10 between the feed point A and the second free end E2 is located in the second sub-frame 320b (i.e., the first side frame 322), the second tuning circuit 40 can tune the current distribution (longitudinal current distribution) on the first side frame 322. Specifically, when the second tuning circuit 40 is in the third state, the current distribution on the first side frame 322 is weak. When the second tuning circuit 40 is in the fourth state, the current distribution on the first side frame 322 is strong. In other words, when the second tuning circuit 40 is in the fourth state, the current intensity on the first side frame 322 is greater than the current intensity on the first side frame 322 when the second tuning circuit 40 is in the third state. The above is to tune the change of the current distribution intensity between the second free end E2 and the feeding point A by switching the state of the second tuning circuit 40, and further tune the main radiation direction of the directional pattern of the antenna assembly 100 in the first frequency band.

[0137] See also Fig.12 and Fig.13 The second tuning circuit 40 includes a second tuning switch 41 and at least one second tuning branch 42. One end of the second tuning switch 41 is electrically connected to the second tuning point T2. The other end of the second tuning switch 41 is electrically connected to one end of the second tuning branch 42. The other end of the second tuning branch 42 is grounded.

[0138] See also Fig.12 When the second tuning circuit 40 is in the third state, the second tuning switch 41 disconnects the second tuning branch 42 from the second tuning point T2. At this time, the second tuning circuit 40 is in an open circuit state.

[0139] The electrical length between the second free end E2 and the feeding point A is somewhat different from the 1 / 2 wavelength of the first frequency band, so it is not easy to excite the 1 / 2 wavelength resonance mode of the first frequency band between the second free end E2 and the feeding point A. Therefore, the current intensity between the second free end E2 and the feeding point A is weak.

[0140] See also Fig.13 When the second tuning circuit 40 is in the fourth state, the second tuning switch 41 connects the second tuning branch 42 and the second tuning point T2.

[0141] Optionally, the second tuning branch 42 is a small impedance circuit for the first frequency band. At this time, the second tuning circuit 40 is in a small impedance state.

[0142] On the one hand, the current on the radiator 10 can pass through the second tuning point T2 and the second tuning branch 42 to the ground, thereby making the second tuning point T2 have a strong current distribution near the second tuning point; on the other hand, the radiator 10 and the second tuning branch 42 between the second free end E2 and the feeding point A form an overall equivalent electrical length close to 1 / 2 wavelength of the first frequency band, which is conducive to forming a 1 / 2 wavelength current distribution supporting the first frequency band between the second free end E2 and the feeding point A. The above is conducive to forming a current distribution of a second resonance mode with a strong intensity between the second free end E2 and the feeding point A.

[0143] Optional, see Fig.13 , the second tuning branch 42 includes a first inductive element L1. When the second tuning circuit 40 is in the fourth state, one end of the first inductive element L1 is electrically connected to the second tuning point T2 via the second tuning switch 41, and the other end of the first inductive element L1 is grounded. The first inductive element L1 is a small inductor, so as to present a small impedance state to the mobile communication frequency band.

[0144] Optionally, the first inductive element L1 includes an inductor device, and the present application does not specifically limit the inductance value of the inductor device. The inductance value of the inductor device satisfies that the inductance value is small impedance for the first frequency band, and the overall electrical length formed by the radiator 10 between the second free end E2 and the feeding point A is close to 1 / 2 wavelength of the first frequency band.

[0145] Taking the first frequency band as the B41 frequency band as an example, the first inductive element L1 includes a small inductor, and the inductance value of the small inductor is less than or equal to 10nH. The inductance value of the small inductor includes but is not limited to 6.8nH. Of course, in other embodiments, the inductance value of the small inductor can also be 1nH, 2nH, 3nH, 4nH, 5nH, 6nH, 7nH, 8nH, 9nH, 10nH, etc., any one or a value before both.

[0146] Optional, see Fig.14 The second tuning circuit 40 includes the aforementioned second tuning switch 41, and also includes a third tuning branch 43. One end of the third tuning branch 43 is electrically connected to the other end of the second tuning switch 41, and the other end of the third tuning branch 43 is grounded.

[0147] When the second tuning switch 41 connects the third tuning branch 43 and the second tuning point T2 , the second tuning circuit 40 is in the fifth state.

[0148] When the first tuning circuit 30 is in the first state, and the second tuning circuit 40 is in the fifth state, the radiator 10 can form a third resonance mode supporting the first frequency band under the excitation of the feed source 20. The main current distribution of the third resonance mode is between the second free end E2 and the feeding point A. The difference between the main current distribution of the second resonance mode and the main current distribution of the third resonance mode is that in the second resonance mode, the current between the first free end E1 of the main branch 11 and the first feeding point A is weaker, and the current intensity between the feeding point A and the second free end E2 is stronger.

[0149] For example, the first tuning point T1 is connected to the first capacitive element C1 through the first tuning switch 31 and connected to the ground, and the second tuning point T2 is connected to the first inductive element L1 through the second tuning switch 41 and connected to the ground.

[0150] The first capacitive element C1 is in a small impedance state for the first frequency band, and the first inductive element L1 is in a small impedance state for the first frequency band, so the current on the radiator 10 can be grounded through the first tuning point T1 and the first capacitive element C1, and the first inductive element L1 also guides the current to be distributed to the second free end E2, so that the main current is distributed between the feeding point A and the second free end E2.

[0151] Optionally, the third tuning branch 43 is a small impedance circuit for the first frequency band. At this time, the third tuning circuit is in a small impedance state.

[0152] On the one hand, the current on the radiator 10 can pass through the second tuning point T2 and the third tuning branch 43 to the ground, thereby making the second tuning point T2 have a strong current distribution near the second tuning point T2; on the other hand, the radiator 10 and the third tuning branch 43 between the second free end E2 and the first grounding point D1 form an overall equivalent electrical length that is closer to 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band, which is conducive to forming a 1 / 4 wavelength current distribution supporting the first frequency band between the second free end E2 and the first grounding point D1. The above is conducive to forming a current distribution of a third resonance mode with a strong intensity between the second free end E2 and the first grounding point D1.

[0153] Optional, see Fig.14 , the third tuning branch 43 includes a second inductive element L3. When the second tuning circuit 40 is in the fifth state, one end of the second inductive element L3 is electrically connected to the second tuning point T2 via the second tuning switch 41, and the other end of the second inductive element L3 is grounded. The second inductive element L3 is a small inductor, so as to present a small impedance state to the mobile communication frequency band.

[0154] Optionally, the second inductive element L3 includes an inductor device, and the present application does not specifically limit the inductance value of the inductor device. The inductance value of the inductor device satisfies that the inductance value is small impedance for the first frequency band, and the overall electrical length formed by the radiator 10 between the second free end E2 and the first grounding point D1 is close to 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band.

[0155] Taking the first frequency band as the B41 frequency band as an example, the second inductive element L3 includes a small inductor, and the inductance value of the small inductor is less than or equal to 10nH. The inductance value of the small inductor includes but is not limited to 6.8nH. Of course, in other embodiments, the inductance value of the small inductor can also be 1nH, 2nH, 3nH, 4nH, 5nH, 6nH, 7nH, 8nH, 9nH, 10nH, etc., any one or a value before both.

[0156] As can be seen from the above, by turning on the first tuning circuit 30 on the main branch 11 and disconnecting the second tuning circuit 40 on the reverse parasitic branch 12, the resonant current is mainly concentrated on the main branch 11; then, the first tuning circuit 30 on the main branch 11 and the second tuning circuit 40 on the reverse parasitic branch 12 are turned on, so that the resonant current is mainly concentrated between the feeding point A and the second free end E2. At this time, there is still part of the current distribution between the first free end E1 of the main branch 11 and the first feeding point A; further, the first tuning circuit 30 on the main branch 11 is disconnected, and the second tuning circuit 40 on the reverse parasitic branch 12 is turned on, so that the resonant current is mainly concentrated between the feeding point A and the second free end E2, and the current between the first free end E1 of the main branch 11 and the first feeding point A is weakened.

[0157] The first resonance mode, the third resonance mode and the second resonance mode in the present application are described below by way of example.

[0158] Optional, see Fig.15 , the first tuning circuit 30 is in the first state, the first tuning branch 32 is connected to the first tuning point T1. The second tuning circuit 40 is in the third state, the second tuning branch 42 is disconnected from the second tuning point T2, and the radiator 10 forms a first resonant mode supporting the first frequency band under the excitation of the feed source 20.

[0159] See also Fig.15 , the current distribution of the first resonant mode includes a first sub-current distribution. Fig.15 As shown by the dotted arrow in , the first sub-current distribution includes a 1 / 4 wavelength current mode between the feeding point A and the first free end E1, and a 1 / 4 wavelength current mode from the second free end E2 to the first grounding point D1.

[0160] Specifically, the equivalent electrical length formed by the radiator 10 and the first tuning branch 32 between the feeding point A and the first free end E1 is close to 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band. At the same time, the electrical length of the radiator 10 from the second free end E2 to the first grounding point D1 is close to 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band.

[0161] The current between the feeding point A and the first free end E1 is the main resonant current of the first resonant mode.

[0162] Optional, see Fig.16 , the current distribution of the first resonant mode also includes a second sub-current distribution. Fig.16 As shown by the dotted arrow in , the second sub-current distribution includes a 1 / 2 wavelength current mode between the first ground point D1 and the feeding point A.

[0163] Specifically, the electrical length between the first ground point D1 and the feeding point A is close to 1 / 2 wavelength of the first frequency band, which is conducive to exciting a 1 / 2 wavelength current mode of the first frequency band between the first ground point D1 and the feeding point A.

[0164] The phase of the first sub-current distribution differs from the phase of the second sub-current distribution by 90°. For example, at a phase of 90°, a first sub-current distribution supporting the first frequency band is formed on the radiator 10. At a phase of 180°, a second sub-current distribution supporting the first frequency band is formed on the radiator 10. The radiation energy intensity of the first sub-current distribution is greater than the radiation energy intensity of the second sub-current distribution. In other words, in the first resonant mode, the main radiation energy comes from the radiation energy of the first sub-current distribution.

[0165] Optional, see Fig.15 The antenna assembly 100 also includes a parasitic branch 13.

[0166] See also Fig.15 The parasitic branch 13 includes a second grounding point D2 and a third free end E3. A first coupling gap G1 is formed between the third free end E3 and the first free end E1. The radiator 10 is coupled to the parasitic branch 13 through the first coupling gap G1, so that the parasitic branch 13 can also generate a resonant current supporting the first frequency band.

[0167] The radiator 10 and the parasitic branch 13 can generate capacitive coupling through the first coupling gap G1. In one angle, the radiator 10 and the parasitic branch 13 can be regarded as two parts formed by the frame 320 being separated by the first coupling gap G1. Among them, "capacitive coupling" means that the first coupling gap G1 between the radiator 10 and the parasitic branch 13 generates an electric field, and the signal of the radiator 10 can be transmitted to the parasitic branch 13 through the electric field, and the signal of the parasitic branch 13 can be transmitted to the radiator 10 through the electric field, so that the radiator 10 and the parasitic branch 13 can achieve electrical signal conduction even when they are not directly electrically connected.

[0168] The first sub-current distribution also includes a 1 / 4 wavelength current mode between the third free end E3 and the second grounding point D2. In other words, the electrical length between the third free end E3 and the second grounding point D2 is close to a 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band, which is conducive to exciting a 1 / 4 wavelength current mode of the first frequency band between the third free end E3 and the second grounding point D2.

[0169] Furthermore, the current direction between the third free end E3 and the second grounding point D2 is the same as the current direction between the first free end E1 and the feeding point A, thereby increasing the length of the current in the same direction, increasing the radiation aperture in the first frequency band, and improving the radiation efficiency.

[0170] Optional, see Fig.17 The second tuning circuit 40 also has a fifth state, and the impedance of the second tuning circuit 40 in the fifth state is different from the impedance of the second tuning circuit 40 in the fourth state.

[0171] See also Fig.17 , the first tuning circuit 30 is in the first state, the first tuning branch 32 is connected to the first tuning point T1. The second tuning circuit 40 is in the fifth state, the second tuning branch 42 is connected to the second tuning point T2, and the radiator 10 forms a third resonance mode supporting the first frequency band under the excitation of the feed source 20.

[0172] See also Fig.17 , the main current distribution of the third resonance mode includes a third sub-current distribution. Fig.17 As shown by the dotted arrow in , the third sub-current distribution includes a 1 / 4 wavelength current mode between the second free end E2 and the first grounding point D1, and a 1 / 2 wavelength current mode between the first grounding point D1 and the feeding point A.

[0173] Specifically, the second tuning branch 42 is connected to the reverse parasitic branch 12, so that the equivalent electrical length of the radiator 10 and the second tuning branch 42 from the second free end E2 to the first grounding point D1 is closer to 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band, thereby making it easier to stimulate a 1 / 4 wavelength current mode of the first frequency band between the second free end E2 and the first grounding point D1.

[0174] Specifically, the electrical length between the first grounding point D1 and the feeding point A is close to 1 / 2 wavelength of the first frequency band. In addition, the second tuning branch 42 is connected to the reverse parasitic branch 12 to guide the resonant current on the radiator 10 toward the side where the reverse parasitic branch 12 is located, thereby facilitating the excitation of a 1 / 2 wavelength current mode of the first frequency band between the first grounding point D1 and the feeding point A.

[0175] Optional, see Fig.18 The current distribution of the third resonance mode further includes a fourth sub-current distribution. The fourth sub-current distribution includes a 1 / 4 wavelength current mode between the feeding point A and the first free end E1, and a 1 / 4 wavelength current mode from the second free end E2 to the first grounding point D1.

[0176] Specifically, the equivalent electrical length formed by the radiator 10 and the first tuning branch 32 between the feeding point A and the first free end E1 is close to 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band. At the same time, the equivalent electrical length formed by the radiator 10 and the second tuning branch 42 from the second free end E2 to the first grounding point D1 is even closer to 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band.

[0177] The phase of the third sub-current distribution differs from the phase of the fourth sub-current distribution by 90°. For example, at a phase of 90°, a third sub-current distribution supporting the first frequency band is formed on the radiator 10. At a phase of 180°, a fourth sub-current distribution supporting the first frequency band is formed on the radiator 10. The radiation energy intensity of the third sub-current distribution is greater than the radiation energy intensity of the fourth sub-current distribution. In other words, in the third resonant mode, the main radiation energy comes from the radiation energy of the third sub-current distribution.

[0178] Optional, see Fig.19 , the first tuning circuit 30 is in the second state, the first tuning branch 32 is disconnected from the first tuning point T1. The second tuning circuit 40 is in the fourth state, the second tuning branch 42 is connected to the second tuning point T2, and the radiator 10 forms a second resonance mode supporting the first frequency band under the excitation of the feed source 20.

[0179] See also Fig.19 The main current distribution of the second resonance mode includes a fifth sub-current distribution. The fifth sub-current distribution includes a 1 / 2 wavelength current mode between the feeding point A and the second free end E2.

[0180] See also Fig. 20 The main current distribution of the second resonance mode includes a sixth sub-current distribution. The sixth sub-current distribution includes a 1 / 4 wavelength current mode between the second free end E2 and the first grounding point D1, and a 1 / 2 wavelength current mode between the first grounding point D1 and the feeding point A.

[0181] Specifically, the second tuning branch 42 is connected to the reverse parasitic branch 12, so that the equivalent electrical length of the radiator 10 and the second tuning branch 42 from the second free end E2 to the first grounding point D1 is closer to 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band, thereby making it easier to stimulate a 1 / 4 wavelength current mode of the first frequency band between the second free end E2 and the first grounding point D1.

[0182] Specifically, the electrical length between the first grounding point D1 and the feeding point A is close to 1 / 2 wavelength of the first frequency band. In addition, the second tuning branch 42 is connected to the reverse parasitic branch 12 to guide the resonant current on the radiator 10 toward the side where the reverse parasitic branch 12 is located, thereby facilitating the excitation of a 1 / 2 wavelength current mode of the first frequency band between the first grounding point D1 and the feeding point A.

[0183] Optional, see Figure 4 The frame 320 further includes a third sub-frame 320c disposed opposite to the second sub-frame 320b. The third sub-frame 320c is bent and connected to an end of the first sub-frame 320a away from the second sub-frame 320b.

[0184] For details, please refer to Figure 4 The first sub-frame 320a is a top frame 321 , the second sub-frame 320b is a first side frame 322 , and the third sub-frame 320c is a second side frame 323 .

[0185] See also Fig.21 and Fig. 22 , Fig.21 It is a rear-view 3D radiation pattern of the electronic device 1000 in the first resonance mode of the antenna assembly 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 22 This is a side view 3D pattern of the electronic device 1000 in the first resonance mode of the antenna assembly 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. It can be seen that the main radiation direction of the first pattern of the antenna assembly 100 in the first resonance mode is biased toward the first sub-frame 320a and the third sub-frame 320c.

[0186] Specifically, from the rear view of the electronic device 1000 , the long side center axis H1 of the electronic device 1000 is taken as a reference, wherein the long side center axis H1 is parallel to the second sub-frame 320 b .

[0187] The main radiation direction of the first directional pattern is offset from the long side center axis H1 of the electronic device 1000. For example, the main radiation direction of the first directional pattern is biased toward the side where the third sub-frame 320c is located. The main radiation direction of the first directional pattern is the darker red area.

[0188] From the side view of the electronic device 1000, the thickness center axis of the electronic device 1000 is used as a reference. The main radiation energy of the first directional pattern is located in the area above the thickness center axis. In other words, the main radiation energy of the first directional pattern is concentrated in the upper hemisphere of the electronic device 1000. In addition, the main radiation direction of the first directional pattern is upward (i.e., biased towards the first sub-frame 320a).

[0189] Generally, the user holds the electronic device 1000 vertically, with the top frame 321 located on the outward side. The main radiation direction of the first directional pattern of the antenna assembly 100 in the first frequency band is toward the top frame 321, so that the user can change the main radiation direction of the first directional pattern in the first frequency band during movement or turning, thereby increasing the probability of connecting to a stronger signal.

[0190] See also Fig.23 and Fig.24 , Fig.23 It is a rear-view 3D radiation pattern of the electronic device 1000 in the third resonance mode of the antenna assembly 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.24It is a side-view 3D directional diagram of the electronic device 1000 in the third resonance mode of the antenna assembly 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. It can be seen that the main radiation direction of the third directional diagram of the antenna assembly 100 in the third resonance mode is biased toward the first sub-frame 320a and the third sub-frame 320c. Among them, the main radiation direction of the third directional diagram is the darker red area.

[0191] Specifically, from the rear view of the electronic device 1000 , the long side center axis H1 of the electronic device 1000 is taken as a reference, wherein the long side center axis H1 is parallel to the second sub-frame 320 b .

[0192] The main radiation direction of the third directional diagram is offset from the central axis H1 of the long side of the electronic device 1000. For example, the main radiation direction of the third directional diagram is biased toward the side where the third sub-frame 320c is located. With the central axis of the short side of the electronic device 1000 as a reference, the main radiation energy of the first directional diagram is located in the area above the central axis of the short side.

[0193] From the side view of the electronic device 1000, the thickness center axis of the electronic device 1000 is used as a reference. The main radiation energy of the third directional diagram is located in the area above the thickness center axis. In other words, the main radiation energy of the third directional diagram is concentrated in the upper hemisphere of the electronic device 1000. In addition, the main radiation direction of the third directional diagram is upward (i.e., biased towards the first sub-frame 320a).

[0194] The third directional pattern formed by the third resonance mode has the following differences compared to the first directional pattern formed by the first resonance mode:

[0195] The angle between the main radiation direction of the first directional diagram and the long side center axis H1 of the electronic device 1000 is the first angle. The angle between the main radiation direction of the third directional diagram and the long side center axis H1 of the electronic device 1000 is the third angle. The third angle is smaller than the first angle. In other words, by connecting the second tuning circuit 40 to the reverse parasitic branch 12, the current is guided to the reverse parasitic branch 12, so that the main radiation direction moves toward the long side center axis H1 of the electronic device 1000, and the angle between the main radiation direction and the long side center axis H1 of the electronic device 1000 is reduced.

[0196] For example, the main radiation direction in the first radiation pattern deviates from the long side center axis H1 of the electronic device 1000 by a certain angle, which may cause the first radiation pattern to have radiation pits in certain upward directions, and the radiation efficiency of these radiation pits is low.

[0197] The main radiation direction of the third directional diagram moves toward the long side center axis H1 of the electronic device 1000 compared to the main radiation direction of the first directional diagram, or in other words, the angle between the main radiation direction of the third directional diagram and the long side center axis H1 of the electronic device 1000 is reduced. The main radiation range of the third directional diagram can partially or completely cover the above-mentioned radiation pit area to compensate for the area with low radiation efficiency in the first resonance mode.

[0198] In addition, from the side view of the electronic device 1000, it can be seen that the upward red area in the third directional diagram increases compared to the upward red area in the first directional diagram, indicating that the upward radiation intensity in the third directional diagram is greater than the upward radiation intensity in the first directional diagram.

[0199] Further optionally, a main radiation direction of the second radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 in the second resonance mode is biased toward the first sub-frame 320a and the third sub-frame 320c.

[0200] See also Fig.25 and Fig.26 , Fig.25 It is a rear-view 3D radiation pattern of the electronic device 1000 in the second resonance mode of the antenna assembly 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.26 This is a side-view 3D pattern of the electronic device 1000 in the second resonance mode of the antenna assembly 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. It can be seen that the main radiation direction of the second pattern is towards the first sub-frame 320a.

[0201] Specifically, from the rear view of the electronic device 1000, the main radiation direction of the second directional pattern is roughly along the long side center axis H1 of the electronic device 1000. That is, the main radiation direction of the second directional pattern is toward the top of the top frame 321, and the deviation is less than that of the top of the top frame 321. In this way, when the user holds the electronic device 1000 to search for signals, the search efficiency is high and the user experience is good.

[0202] Among them, the main radiation direction of the second directional pattern is the darker red area.

[0203] The angle between the main radiation direction of the second directional pattern and the long side center axis H1 of the electronic device 1000 is a second angle. The second angle is smaller than the first angle. The second angle is smaller than the third angle.

[0204] The present application does not make any specific limitation on the second angle. It can be seen that as the second tuning circuit 40 is turned on with the reverse parasitic branch 12, and the first tuning circuit 30 is further disconnected from the main branch 11, the main current on the radiator 10 gradually moves from the main branch 11 to the parasitic branch 13, and the distribution of the main resonant current is different, so that the directional diagram gradually moves toward the top of the top frame 321 to obtain a directional diagram that is more directly above.

[0205] The radiation range of the second directional pattern may cover the directional pattern concave point in the first directional pattern to compensate for the area with low radiation efficiency in the first resonance mode.

[0206] In addition, from the side view of the electronic device 1000, it can be seen that the red area facing upward in the second directional pattern increases compared to the red area facing upward in the first directional pattern, and the red area facing upward in the second directional pattern increases compared to the red area facing upward in the third directional pattern, indicating that the upward radiation intensity in the second directional pattern is greater than the upward radiation intensity in the first directional pattern, and is also greater than the upward radiation intensity in the third directional pattern. The second directional pattern has a higher upper hemisphere ratio.

[0207] The present application tunes the state of the first tuning circuit 30 from the first state to the second state, and tunes the state of the second tuning circuit 40 from the third state to the fourth state, so that the resonant current is distributed from the main branch 11 (the first sub-frame 320a) to the reverse parasitic branch 12 (the second sub-frame 320b), and then the main radiation direction of the directional pattern is moved (or rotated) from the position upward and on the side where the third sub-frame 320c is located toward the longitudinal central axis to obtain directional patterns with different directions, and the coverage ranges of these directional patterns can compensate each other.

[0208] When the electronic device 1000 operates in the first frequency band, the radio frequency system of the electronic device 1000 can switch the states of the first tuning switch 31 and the second tuning switch 41 to switch the radiation pattern of the radiator 10 in the first frequency band, so that the radiation efficiency in the first frequency band is relatively high, thereby improving the antenna performance of the antenna assembly 100.

[0209] Take the electronic device 1000 as a mobile phone as an example.

[0210] In the current full-screen metal frame 320 mobile phone, each metal branch needs to bear an important communication frequency band, and as the clearance becomes smaller and smaller and the surrounding environment becomes more and more complex, functions such as antenna performance improvement and pattern control become challenges. This application achieves pattern complementarity by exciting the horizontal polarization of the antenna (for example, the main resonant current in the aforementioned first resonance mode is mainly distributed on the main branch 11 and the parasitic branch 13, and the main branch 11 and the parasitic branch 13 are mainly located on the horizontal first sub-frame 320a), vertical polarization (for example, the main resonant current in the aforementioned second resonance mode is mainly distributed on the reverse parasitic branch 12, and the reverse parasitic branch 12 is mainly located on the longitudinal second sub-frame 320b), and adjusting the orthogonal polarization phase difference by 90°.

[0211] See also Fig. 27 and Fig.28 The antenna radiator 10 includes a parasitic branch 13 and the radiator 10, and the parasitic branch 13 includes a second ground point D2 and a third free end E3. The radiator 10 includes a first free end E1, a feeding point A, a first ground point D1, a second tuning point T2 and a second free end E2. The first tuning circuit 30 is electrically connected to the feeding point A, and the second tuning circuit 40 is electrically connected to the second tuning point T2.

[0212] See also Figures 15 to 20 , Fig. 27 and Fig.28 The first tuning branch 32 includes a capacitor of 0.5 pF. One second tuning branch 42 includes an inductor of 6.8 nH. Another second tuning branch 42 includes an inductor of 2.7 nH.

[0213] The first tuning circuit 30 is in the first state, and the first tuning switch 31 is in the on state. The first tuning circuit 30 is in the second state, and the first tuning switch 31 is in the off state. The second tuning circuit 40 is in the third state, and the second tuning switch 41 is in the off state. The second tuning circuit 40 is in the fourth state, and the second tuning switch 41 conducts an inductance of 6.8 nH. The second tuning circuit 40 is in the fifth state, and the second tuning switch 41 conducts an inductance of 2.7 nH.

[0214] The electrical length between the second ground point D2 and the third free end E3 is close to 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band. The sum of the electrical length between the first free end E1 and the feeding point A and the equivalent electrical length of the first tuning branch 32 (0.5pF) is close to 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band. The electrical length between the feeding point A and the first ground point D1 is close to 1 / 2 wavelength of the first frequency band. The sum of the electrical length between the first ground point D1 and the second free end E2 and the equivalent electrical length of the second tuning branch 42 (2.7nH) is close to 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band.

[0215] The first frequency band is taken as B41 frequency band as an example.

[0216] For example, the physical length between the second grounding point D2 and the third free end E3 is close to 4 mm. The physical length between the first free end E1 and the feeding point A is close to 7.6 mm. The physical length from the feeding point A to the outer contour line of the second sub-frame 320b is close to 10 mm. The physical length from the first grounding point D1 to the outer contour line of the first sub-frame 320a is close to 6 mm. The physical length from the first grounding point D1 to the second tuning point T2 is close to 7 mm. The physical length from the second free end E2 to the outer contour line of the first sub-frame 320a is close to 15 mm.

[0217] The antenna form is that a first tuning circuit 30 is set at the feeding point A, and a second tuning circuit 40 is set on the reverse parasitic branch 12. By switching the first tuning switch 31 of the first tuning circuit 30 and the second tuning switch 41 of the second tuning circuit 40, the different directions of the current are controlled to realize the directional pattern control of the first frequency band (for example, the B41 frequency band).

[0218] The following are the antenna pattern control methods and the corresponding resonant mode analysis:

[0219] For the first tuning method, see Fig.15 and Fig.16 , the first tuning circuit 30 is in the first state. The first tuning switch 31 conducts the first tuning branch 32 and the first tuning point T1. The first tuning branch 32 includes a 0.5 pF capacitor. The second tuning circuit 40 is in the third state. The second tuning switch 41 is disconnected.

[0220] See also Fig.29 , Fig.29 1 is the S11 curve of the antenna assembly 100 in the first resonance mode provided by the embodiment of the present application. It can be seen that at this time, the radiator 10 resonates in the B41 frequency band.

[0221] See also Fig.30 , Fig.30 It is a schematic diagram of the current distribution at a 90° phase in the first resonant mode of the antenna assembly 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. At this time, the main current is distributed between the parasitic branch 13 and the feeding point A to the first free end E1 of the main branch 11. Among them, the current direction from the feeding point A to the first free end E1 of the main branch 11 is the same as the current direction on the parasitic branch 13. The current mode from the feeding point A to the first free end E1 of the main branch 11 is close to or is the 1 / 4 wavelength mode of the B41 frequency band. The current mode on the parasitic branch 13 is close to or is the 1 / 4 wavelength mode of the B41 frequency band.

[0222] In addition, part of the current is distributed between the second free end E2 and the first grounding point D1 of the reverse parasitic branch 12. The current mode between the second free end E2 and the first grounding point D1 of the reverse parasitic branch 12 is close to or equal to the 1 / 4 wavelength mode of the B41 frequency band.

[0223] See also Fig.31 , Fig.31 1 is a schematic diagram of the current distribution in the first resonant mode of the antenna assembly 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application at a phase of 180°. At this time, the main current is distributed between the first ground point D1 and the feed point A. The current mode from the first ground point D1 to the feed point A is close to or is the 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the B41 frequency band, and this current mode is a ring mode.

[0224] See also Fig.21 , Fig.21 It is a rear-view 3D radiation pattern of the electronic device 1000 in the first resonance mode of the antenna assembly 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 22 It is a side-view 3D directional diagram of the electronic device 1000 in the first resonance mode of the antenna assembly 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. It can be seen that the main radiation direction of the first directional diagram of the antenna assembly 100 in the first resonance mode is biased toward the first sub-frame 320a and the third sub-frame 320c. Specifically, from the rear view of the electronic device 1000, with the long side center axis H1 of the electronic device 1000 as a reference, the long side center axis H1 is parallel to the second sub-frame 320b.

[0225] The main radiation direction of the first directional pattern is offset from the long side center axis H1 of the electronic device 1000. For example, the main radiation direction of the first directional pattern is biased toward the side where the third sub-frame 320c is located. The main radiation direction of the first directional pattern is the darker red area.

[0226] From the side view of the electronic device 1000, the thickness center axis of the electronic device 1000 is used as a reference. The main radiation energy of the first directional pattern is located in the area above the thickness center axis. In other words, the main radiation energy of the first directional pattern is concentrated in the upper hemisphere of the electronic device 1000. In addition, the main radiation direction of the first directional pattern is upward (i.e., biased towards the first sub-frame 320a).

[0227] In the second tuning mode, the first tuning circuit 30 is in the first state. The first tuning switch 31 conducts the first tuning branch 32 and the first tuning point T1. The first tuning branch 32 includes a 0.5 pF capacitor. The second tuning circuit 40 is in the fifth state. The second tuning switch 41 conducts the 6.8 nH inductor.

[0228] See also Fig.32 , Fig.32φ is the S11 curve of the antenna assembly 100 in the third resonance mode provided by the embodiment of the present application. It can be seen that at this time, the radiator 10 resonates in the B41 frequency band.

[0229] See also Fig.33 , Fig.33 Schematic diagram of current distribution at 0° phase in the third resonant mode of the antenna assembly 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. At this time, the main current is distributed between the first grounding point D1 and the feeding point A and between the second free end E2 and the first grounding point D1. The current direction between the first grounding point D1 and the feeding point A is the same as the current direction between the second free end E2 and the first grounding point D1.

[0230] The current mode from the first ground point D1 to the feeding point A is close to or equal to the 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the B41 frequency band, and this current mode is a ring mode. The current mode from the second free end E2 to the first ground point D1 is close to or equal to the 1 / 4 wavelength mode of the B41 frequency band.

[0231] See also Fig.34 , Fig.34 It is a schematic diagram of the current distribution at a 90° phase in the third resonant mode of the antenna assembly 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. At this time, the main current is distributed between the parasitic branch 13 and the feeding point A to the first free end E1 of the main branch 11. Among them, the current direction from the feeding point A to the first free end E1 of the main branch 11 is the same as the current direction on the parasitic branch 13. The current mode from the feeding point A to the first free end E1 of the main branch 11 is close to or is the 1 / 4 wavelength mode of the B41 frequency band. The current mode on the parasitic branch 13 is close to or is the 1 / 4 wavelength mode of the B41 frequency band.

[0232] In addition, part of the current is distributed between the second free end E2 and the first grounding point D1 of the reverse parasitic branch 12. The current mode between the second free end E2 and the first grounding point D1 of the reverse parasitic branch 12 is close to or equal to the 1 / 4 wavelength mode of the B41 frequency band.

[0233] See also Fig.23 and Fig.24 , Fig.23 It is a rear-view 3D radiation pattern of the electronic device 1000 in the third resonance mode of the antenna assembly 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.24 It is a side-view 3D directional diagram of the electronic device 1000 in the third resonance mode of the antenna assembly 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. It can be seen that the main radiation direction of the third directional diagram of the antenna assembly 100 in the third resonance mode is biased toward the first sub-frame 320a and the third sub-frame 320c. Among them, the main radiation direction of the third directional diagram is the darker red area.

[0234] Specifically, from the rear view of the electronic device 1000 , the long side center axis H1 of the electronic device 1000 is taken as a reference, wherein the long side center axis H1 is parallel to the second sub-frame 320 b .

[0235] The main radiation direction of the third directional diagram is offset from the central axis H1 of the long side of the electronic device 1000. For example, the main radiation direction of the third directional diagram is biased toward the side where the third sub-frame 320c is located. With the central axis of the short side of the electronic device 1000 as a reference, the main radiation energy of the first directional diagram is located in the area above the central axis of the short side.

[0236] From the side view of the electronic device 1000, the thickness center axis of the electronic device 1000 is used as a reference. The main radiation energy of the third directional diagram is located in the area above the thickness center axis. In other words, the main radiation energy of the third directional diagram is concentrated in the upper hemisphere of the electronic device 1000. In addition, the main radiation direction of the third directional diagram is upward (i.e., biased towards the first sub-frame 320a).

[0237] The third directional pattern formed by the third resonance mode has the following differences compared to the first directional pattern formed by the first resonance mode:

[0238] The angle between the main radiation direction of the first directional diagram and the long side center axis H1 of the electronic device 1000 is the first angle. The angle between the main radiation direction of the third directional diagram and the long side center axis H1 of the electronic device 1000 is the third angle. The third angle is smaller than the first angle. In other words, by connecting the second tuning circuit 40 to the reverse parasitic branch 12, the current is guided to the reverse parasitic branch 12, so that the main radiation direction moves toward the long side center axis H1 of the electronic device 1000, and the angle between the main radiation direction and the long side center axis H1 of the electronic device 1000 is reduced.

[0239] For example, the main radiation direction in the first radiation pattern deviates from the long side center axis H1 of the electronic device 1000 by a certain angle, which may cause the first radiation pattern to have radiation pits in certain upward directions, and the radiation efficiency of these radiation pits is low.

[0240] The main radiation direction of the third directional diagram moves toward the long side center axis H1 of the electronic device 1000 compared to the main radiation direction of the first directional diagram, or in other words, the angle between the main radiation direction of the third directional diagram and the long side center axis H1 of the electronic device 1000 is reduced. The main radiation range of the third directional diagram can partially or completely cover the above-mentioned radiation pit area to compensate for the area with low radiation efficiency in the first resonance mode.

[0241] In addition, from the side view of the electronic device 1000, it can be seen that the upward red area of ​​the third directional diagram increases compared to the upward red area of ​​the first directional diagram, indicating that the upward radiation intensity in the third directional diagram is greater than the upward radiation intensity in the first directional diagram. In this embodiment, a small inductor is connected to the ground, which can increase the current intensity from the second free end to the first grounding point, thereby guiding the directional diagram to shift to the right to compensate for the convex point, and guide the floor current distribution in the upper half, thereby improving the upward direction gain. The second tuning method well supplements the problem of the directional diagram concave point and small gain in the first tuning method.

[0242] In the third tuning mode, the first tuning circuit 30 is in the second state. The first tuning switch 31 disconnects the first tuning branch 32 from the first tuning point T1. The second tuning circuit 40 is in the fourth state. The second tuning switch 41 turns on the inductor of 2.7 nH.

[0243] See also Fig.35 , Fig.35 φ is the S11 curve of the antenna assembly 100 in the second resonance mode provided by the embodiment of the present application. It can be seen that at this time, the radiator 10 resonates in the B41 frequency band.

[0244] See also Fig.36 , Fig.36 Schematic diagram of current distribution at 90° phase in the second resonant mode of the antenna assembly 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. At this time, the main current distribution is between the feed point A and the second free end E2. The current mode from the feed point A to the second free end E2 is close to or is the 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the B41 frequency band.

[0245] See also Fig.37 , Fig.37 It is a schematic diagram of the current distribution at a 0° phase in the second resonant mode of the antenna assembly 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. At this time, the main current is distributed between the first grounding point D1 and the feeding point A and between the first grounding point D1 and the second free end E2. The current direction between the first grounding point D1 and the feeding point A is the same as the current direction between the first grounding point D1 and the second free end E2. The current mode from the first grounding point D1 to the feeding point A is close to or is the 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the B41 frequency band, and this current mode is a ring mode. The current mode from the first grounding point D1 to the second free end E2 is close to or is the 1 / 4 wavelength mode of the B41 frequency band.

[0246] See also Fig.25 and Fig.26 , Fig.25 It is a rear-view 3D radiation pattern of the electronic device 1000 in the second resonance mode of the antenna assembly 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.26This is a side-view 3D pattern of the electronic device 1000 in the second resonance mode of the antenna assembly 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. It can be seen that the main radiation direction of the second pattern is towards the first sub-frame 320a.

[0247] Specifically, from the rear view of the electronic device 1000, the main radiation direction of the second directional pattern is roughly along the long side center axis H1 of the electronic device 1000. That is, the main radiation direction of the second directional pattern is toward the top of the top frame 321, and the deviation is less than that of the top of the top frame 321. In this way, when the user holds the electronic device 1000 to search for signals, the search efficiency is high and the user experience is good.

[0248] Among them, the main radiation direction of the second directional pattern is the darker red area.

[0249] The angle between the main radiation direction of the second directional pattern and the long side center axis H1 of the electronic device 1000 is a second angle. The second angle is smaller than the first angle. The second angle is smaller than the third angle.

[0250] The present application does not make any specific limitation on the second angle. It can be seen that as the second tuning circuit 40 is turned on with the reverse parasitic branch 12, and the first tuning circuit 30 is further disconnected from the main branch 11, the main current on the radiator 10 gradually moves from the main branch 11 to the parasitic branch 13, and the distribution of the main resonant current is different, so that the directional diagram gradually moves toward the top of the top frame 321 to obtain a directional diagram that is more directly above.

[0251] The radiation range of the second directional pattern may cover the directional pattern concave point in the first directional pattern to compensate for the area with low radiation efficiency in the first resonance mode.

[0252] In addition, from the side view of the electronic device 1000, it can be seen that the red area facing upward in the second directional pattern increases compared to the red area facing upward in the first directional pattern, and the red area facing upward in the second directional pattern increases compared to the red area facing upward in the third directional pattern, indicating that the upward radiation intensity in the second directional pattern is greater than the upward radiation intensity in the first directional pattern, and is also greater than the upward radiation intensity in the third directional pattern. The second directional pattern has a higher upper hemisphere ratio.

[0253] The present application tunes the state of the first tuning circuit 30 from the first state to the second state, and tunes the state of the second tuning circuit 40 from the third state to the fourth state, so that the resonant current is distributed from the main branch 11 (the first sub-frame 320a) to the reverse parasitic branch 12 (the second sub-frame 320b), and then the main radiation direction of the directional pattern is moved (or rotated) from the position upward and on the side where the third sub-frame 320c is located toward the longitudinal central axis to obtain directional patterns with different directions, and the coverage ranges of these directional patterns can compensate each other.

[0254] When the electronic device 1000 operates in the first frequency band, the radio frequency system of the electronic device 1000 can switch the states of the first tuning switch 31 and the second tuning switch 41 to switch the radiator 10 pattern in the first frequency band, so that the radiation efficiency in the first frequency band is relatively high, thereby improving the antenna performance of the antenna assembly 100. This shows that the third tuning method optimizes the top pattern gain well.

[0255] In the present application, the antenna assembly can realize flexible switching of the directional pattern through switch switching, and can adapt to the smooth signal when the user holds the hand in different orientations.

[0256] The antenna assembly 100 provided in the present application achieves directional pattern focusing, improves passive and active efficiency, and improves OTA performance through a single antenna and dual switch (first tuning switch and second tuning switch) design; achieves antenna directional pattern complementarity, reduces blind spots, increases coverage distance, and significantly reduces live broadcasts, short videos, and game lags in scenarios such as subways, high-speed trains, and underground garages.

[0257] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in the field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application, and these improvements and modifications are also regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized in that: It includes a frame and an antenna assembly, wherein the frame includes a first sub-frame and a second sub-frame connected by bending; the antenna assembly includes: A radiator, comprising a first free end, a feeding point, a first grounding point and a second free end, wherein the first free end and the feeding point are located at the first sub-frame, the second free end is located at the second sub-frame, and the first grounding point is located at the first sub-frame or the second sub-frame; a feed source, the feed source being electrically connected to the feed point; and A first tuning circuit, the first tuning circuit is electrically connected to the radiator, the first tuning circuit has a first state and a second state; When the first tuning circuit is in the first state, the radiator can form a first resonance mode supporting a first frequency band under the excitation of the feed source, and a main current of the first resonance mode is distributed between the first free end and the feeding point; When the first tuning circuit is in the second state, the radiator can form a second resonance mode supporting the first frequency band under the excitation of the feed source, and a main current of the second resonance mode is distributed between the feeding point and the second free end.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein: The antenna assembly further includes a second tuning circuit, the second tuning circuit being electrically connected to the radiator, the second tuning circuit having a third state and a fourth state; When the second tuning circuit is in the third state and the first tuning circuit is in the first state, the radiator can form the first resonance mode supporting the first frequency band under the excitation of the feed source; When the second tuning circuit is in the fourth state and the first tuning circuit is in the second state, the radiator can form the second resonance mode supporting the first frequency band under the excitation of the feed source.

3. The electronic device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The radiator further includes a first tuning point, wherein the first tuning point is located between the first free end and the first grounding point; The first tuning circuit includes a first tuning switch and at least one first tuning branch, one end of the first tuning switch is electrically connected to the first tuning point, the other end of the first tuning switch is electrically connected to one end of the first tuning branch, and the other end of the first tuning branch is grounded; When the first tuning circuit is in the first state, the first tuning switch conducts between the first tuning branch and the first tuning point; When the first tuning circuit is in the second state, the first tuning switch disconnects the first tuning branch from the first tuning point.

4. The electronic device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first tuning branch includes a first capacitive element.

5. The electronic device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The radiator further includes a second tuning point, wherein the second tuning point is located between the second free end and the first grounding point; The second tuning circuit comprises a second tuning switch and at least one second tuning branch, one end of the second tuning switch is electrically connected to the second tuning point, the other end of the second tuning switch is electrically connected to one end of the second tuning branch, and the other end of the second tuning branch is grounded; When the second tuning circuit is in the third state, the second tuning switch disconnects the second tuning branch and the second tuning point; When the second tuning circuit is in the fourth state, the second tuning switch conducts between the second tuning branch and the second tuning point.

6. The electronic device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second tuning branch includes a first inductive element.

7. The electronic device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second tuning circuit comprises a second tuning switch and a third tuning branch, one end of the second tuning switch is electrically connected to the second tuning point, one end of the third tuning branch is electrically connected to the other end of the second tuning switch, and the other end of the third tuning branch is grounded; When the first tuning circuit is in the first state and the second tuning switch connects the third tuning branch and the second tuning point, the radiator can form a third resonance mode supporting the first frequency band under the excitation of the feed source, and the main current of the third resonance mode is distributed between the second free end and the feeding point.

8. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 2 and 4 to 7, characterized in that: The current distribution of the first resonant mode includes a first sub-current distribution, the first sub-current distribution including a 1 / 4 wavelength current mode between the feeding point and the first free end; and a 1 / 4 wavelength current mode from the second free end to the first grounding point; and / or, The current distribution of the first resonance mode further includes a second sub-current distribution, and the second sub-current distribution includes a 1 / 2 wavelength current mode between the first ground point and the feeding point.

9. The electronic device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The antenna assembly also includes a parasitic branch, which includes a second grounding point and a third free end. A coupling gap is formed between the third free end and the first free end. The first sub-current distribution also includes a 1 / 4 wavelength current mode between the third free end and the second grounding point.

10. The electronic device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The main current distribution of the third resonance mode includes a third sub-current distribution, and the third sub-current distribution includes a 1 / 4 wavelength current mode between the second free end and the first grounding point, and a 1 / 2 wavelength current mode between the first grounding point and the feeding point; and / or, The current distribution of the third resonant mode also includes a fourth sub-current distribution, and the fourth sub-current distribution includes a 1 / 4 wavelength current mode between the feeding point and the first free end; and a 1 / 4 wavelength current mode from the second free end to the first grounding point.

11. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 2 and 4 to 7, characterized in that: The main current distribution of the second resonance mode includes a fifth sub-current distribution, and the fifth sub-current distribution includes a 1 / 2 wavelength current mode between the feeding point and the second free end; and / or, The main current distribution of the second resonant mode includes a sixth sub-current distribution, and the sixth sub-current distribution includes a 1 / 4 wavelength current mode between the second free end and the first grounding point, and a 1 / 2 wavelength current mode between the first grounding point and the feeding point.

12. The electronic device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The frame further includes a third sub-frame arranged opposite to the second sub-frame, and the third sub-frame is bent and connected to an end of the first sub-frame away from the second sub-frame; The main radiation direction of the first radiation pattern of the antenna assembly in the first resonant mode is biased toward the first sub-frame and the third sub-frame, and the angle between the main radiation direction of the first radiation pattern and the central axis of the long side of the electronic device is a first angle.

13. The electronic device according to claim 12, characterized in that: The main radiation direction of the third directional diagram of the antenna assembly in the third resonant mode is biased toward the first sub-frame and the third sub-frame, and the angle between the main radiation direction of the third directional diagram and the central axis of the long side of the electronic device is a third angle, and the third angle is smaller than the first angle.

14. The electronic device according to claim 13, characterized in that: The main radiation direction of the second radiation pattern of the antenna assembly in the second resonant mode is biased toward the first sub-frame and the third sub-frame, and the main radiation direction of the second radiation pattern is in the direction toward the first sub-frame; the angle between the main radiation direction of the second radiation pattern and the central axis of the long side of the electronic device is a second angle, and the second angle is smaller than the first angle, and the second angle is smaller than the third angle.

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