A flexible ureteroscope used with a diameter-variable scope sheath

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a flexible ureteroscope used in conjunction with a variable diameter scope sheath, comprising a scope sheath body and a flexible scope body, the scope sheath body comprising a deformation section and a support section, the deformation section having a first form and a second form, the flexible scope body comprising a handle section and a scope tube section, the scope tube section comprising a first tube body portion and a second tube body portion, a fixing groove being provided on the first tube body portion, the outer diameter of the deformation section in the first form being less than or equal to the outer diameter of the first tube body portion; the inner diameter of the deformation section in the second form being greater than the outer diameter of the first tube body portion; a first liquid injection channel being further provided in the scope tube section, and a first liquid outlet being provided in the fixing groove. Compared with the prior art, the present invention does not need to break the narrow ring in the narrow section of the human ureter during the operation of the deformation section expanding the narrow section of the human ureter, thereby effectively reducing the damage to the human ureter caused by ureteroscope lithotripsy and reducing the postoperative pain of the patient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and in particular to a flexible ureteroscope used in conjunction with a diameter-variable scope sheath. Background Art

[0002] Ureteroscopic lithotripsy is a surgery that uses a soft endoscope with a diameter of about 3 mm to be inserted into the ureter through the urethra and bladder to break up and remove ureteral stones or kidney stones. Compared with open surgery, ureteroscopic lithotripsy has the advantages of less damage, less pain and faster recovery.

[0003] In ureterolithotomy, firstly, an ultra-smooth guide wire is placed along the ureter, and then the ultra-smooth guide wire is used to guide the ureteroscope sheath into the ureter until the front end of the sheath enters the renal pelvis; after the ureteroscope sheath is successfully placed, the ureteroscope is placed along the working channel formed by the sheath for lithotripsy. However, in ureteroscope lithotripsy and other surgeries, some patients may have ureteral stenosis and the sheath may not be able to pass through the ureteral stenosis segment.

[0004] In view of this, the prior art usually uses a balloon to dilate the ureteral stenosis segment to ensure smooth passage of the endoscope sheath. For example, the Chinese utility model patent with application number CN201520706908.4 discloses an inflatable expandable endoscope sheath, which includes a guide wire and a sheath tube. The outer wall of the sheath tube is connected to the guide wire. The sheath tube is inflatable. When not inflated, it is wound around the guide wire and forms a tubular structure after inflation. The inflatable expandable endoscope sheath of the utility model can conveniently control the size of the volume, which can not only ensure smooth passage through the stenosis section of the cavity, but also be easily removed from the body. At the same time, it has a therapeutic effect and can be used as a dilation balloon, especially suitable for use as a ureteroscope sheath for stone surgery. However, there are still some shortcomings, as described below:

[0005] When the inflatable expandable sheath is used to expand the ureteral stenosis segment, the stenosis ring of the ureteral stenosis segment needs to be broken to ensure smooth passage of the sheath. However, such an operation method will cause a greater degree of damage to the ureteral stenosis and increase the pain of the patient after surgery.

[0006] Therefore, for ureteroscopic lithotripsy in patients with ureteral stenosis, how to reduce or even avoid damage to the human ureter while ensuring that the endoscope sheath can smoothly pass through the stricture section of the human ureter is a technical problem that needs to be urgently solved in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a flexible ureteroscope that is used in conjunction with a variable diameter sheath to dilate a narrow segment of the human ureter, which requires breaking the narrow ring of the narrow segment of the human ureter to ensure smooth passage of the sheath. However, such an operation method will cause a greater degree of damage to the human ureter and increase the pain of the patient after surgery.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0009] A flexible ureteroscope used in conjunction with a diameter-variable scope sheath, comprising a scope sheath body and a flexible scope body, wherein the scope sheath body comprises a deformation section and a support section, wherein the deformation section is used to be placed in a human ureter, and the support section is used to be placed in a human urethra and bladder, wherein the deformation section cooperates with the support section to form a channel for the flexible scope body to extend into a human renal pelvis, wherein the deformation section is made of nickel-titanium metal material, and wherein the deformation section has a first form and a second form, and when the ambient temperature rises to a phase transition temperature, the deformation section can be transformed from the first form to the second form;

[0010] The soft mirror body includes a handle section and a mirror tube section, wherein the handle section is used for an operator to hold, and the mirror tube section is used for extending into a human body, and the mirror tube section includes a first tube body portion and a second tube body portion, wherein the second tube body portion is connected to the handle section, and a fixing groove is provided on the first tube body portion.

[0011] The length of the deformable section in the first state matches the length of the fixing groove, and the outer diameter of the deformable section in the first state is smaller than or equal to the outer diameter of the first tube body; the inner diameter of the deformable section in the second state is larger than the outer diameter of the first tube body;

[0012] A first liquid injection channel is also provided in the mirror tube section, a first liquid outlet is provided in the fixed groove, the first liquid outlet is communicated with the first liquid injection channel, and the first liquid injection channel is used to transport a solution with a phase change temperature.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of the first liquid outlet holes are provided, and the first liquid outlet holes are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the fixing groove.

[0014] Preferably, the first tube body portion is divided into a front tube body and a rear tube body with the fixing groove as a dividing line, the rear tube body is connected to the second tube body portion, a gas channel is also provided in the mirror tube segment, a first blocking airbag is provided on the front tube body, and a second blocking airbag is provided on the rear tube body, the first blocking airbag and the second blocking airbag are both connected to the gas channel, and after air is injected into the gas channel to form the first blocking airbag and the second blocking airbag into an inflated state, the first blocking airbag can block the end opening of the deformation section, and the second blocking airbag can block the fitting gap between the support section and the first tube body portion.

[0015] Preferably, the inner diameter of the deformation section in the second state is smaller than the inner diameter of the supporting section.

[0016] Preferably, a film lining is further provided in the deformation section, and when the deformation section is in the second state, the film lining is in contact with the inner wall of the deformation section.

[0017] Preferably, a second injection channel is also provided in the mirror tube section, and a second liquid outlet hole connected with the second injection channel is provided on the front tube body, and the distance between the second liquid outlet hole and the end of the front tube body is smaller than the distance between the first blocking airbag and the end of the front tube body, and a drainage channel is also provided in the front tube body, the liquid inlet of the drainage channel is provided at the end of the front tube body, the liquid outlet of the drainage channel is provided on the front tube body, and the distance between the liquid outlet of the drainage channel and the fixed groove is smaller than the distance between the blocking airbag and the fixed groove.

[0018] Preferably, the length of the film liner is greater than the length of the deformation section in the second state.

[0019] Preferably, a guide section is provided at the end of the deformation section, and the guide section is made of nickel-titanium metal material. The guide section has a contracted state and an expanded state. In the contracted state, the inner diameter of the guide section matches the inner diameter of the deformation section in the first state; in the expanded state, the inner diameter of the guide section is smaller than the inner diameter of the deformation section in the second state, and in the expanded state, the inner diameter of the guide section is larger than the outer diameter of the first tube body portion;

[0020] The first blocking airbag includes a front bladder body and a rear bladder body which are spaced apart from each other, wherein the front bladder body is disposed close to one side of the end of the front tube body, and the rear bladder body is disposed close to one side of the fixing groove.

[0021] A third liquid injection channel is also provided in the mirror tube section, and a third liquid outlet is also provided on the front tube body between the front capsule body and the rear capsule body, and the third liquid outlet is communicated with the third liquid injection channel;

[0022] One end of the film liner is connected to the outer surface of the deformation section, and the other end is connected to the support section. The film liner is made of elastic rubber material. A plurality of water-permeable holes are arranged on the film liner. The water-permeable holes of the film liner are in a closed state in a natural state.

[0023] When the front capsule forms an expanded state in the guide section, and the rear capsule forms an expanded state in the deformation section, physiological saline is injected into the third injection channel to increase the pressure in the sheath body between the front capsule and the rear capsule. Under the action of pressure, the film lining stretches and expands, and then the water permeable hole forms an open state.

[0024] Preferably, the step structure between the guide section and the deformation section is at a right angle.

[0025] Preferably, the third liquid outlet holes are arranged in plurality, and the third liquid outlet holes are arranged at equal intervals around the outer diameter of the front tube body.

[0026] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] 1. A flexible ureteroscope for use with a variable-diameter scope sheath according to the present invention is provided with a first shape and a second shape of the deformable segment. In the operation of inserting the deformable segment into a human ureter, the deformable segment is first adjusted to the first shape so that the deformable segment is snapped into the fixing groove provided on the first tube body portion, so that the scope sheath body and the scope tube segment are combined to form an integral structure. In the operation of inserting the deformable segment into a human ureter, the scope tube segment can support the deformable segment to prevent the deformable segment from twisting and deforming when passing through the human ureter; and after the deformable segment is snapped into the fixing groove provided on the first tube body portion in the first shape, the deformable segment will not increase the outer diameter of the first tube body portion, thereby ensuring that the deformable segment can smoothly pass through the human ureter. further, in the present embodiment, during the lithotripsy operation in the human renal pelvis, a solution having a phase transition temperature is injected into the deformable segment through the first injection channel, so that the deformable segment is transformed from the first form to the second form, at which time the diameter of the deformable segment is enlarged to expand the narrow segment of the human ureter, and a matching gap is formed between the deformable segment and the first tube body, so that the stone particles crushed by the holmium laser and the accumulated fluid in the human kidney can be discharged from the body through the matching gap between the two; compared with the prior art, in the operation of the deformable segment expanding the narrow segment of the human ureter, the present invention does not need to break the narrow ring in the narrow segment of the human ureter, thereby effectively reducing the damage to the human ureter caused by ureteroscopic lithotripsy, which is more conducive to the patient's postoperative recovery and reduces the patient's postoperative pain;

[0028] 2. In the flexible ureteroscope used with a variable diameter sheath described in the present invention, the length of the film lining is greater than the length of the deformation section in the second state. With this structural arrangement, after the first blocking balloon is inflated, the flexible endoscope body is pushed forward or pulled backward to move within the sheath body, so that the film lining inside the deformation section can be ejected, or the film lining can be retracted into the deformation section; during a lithotripsy operation, ejecting the film lining from the deformation section can increase the overall length of the deformation section, thereby increasing the length range of the front tube end extending into the human renal pelvis, so that the liquid inlet of the drainage channel can be closer to stones deep in the human renal pelvis, thereby ensuring that the stone particles can be more thoroughly sucked out of the body;

[0029] Further, after the film liner is pushed out of the deformation section, the first blocking airbag is inflated and then clamped in the film liner outside the deformation section. During the lithotripsy operation, the film liner can be stretched by pushing the soft end of the endoscope body forward, so that the end of the front tube body can be extended into the deep of the human renal pelvis; the film liner can be contracted by pulling the soft end of the endoscope body backward, so that the end of the front tube body can gradually withdraw from the human renal pelvis; in this embodiment, there is no need to repeatedly flush / release the air in the first blocking airbag during the operation of adjusting the position of the end of the front tube body, which improves the convenience of the present invention in use;

[0030] Furthermore, in view of the situation that there are larger stone particles in the renal pelvis, and the stone particles have a high degree of freedom of movement, and the holmium laser crushing is easy to damage the patient's tissue, the film lining can be pushed out from the deformation section, and then guided by the first tube body, so that the film lining can cover the larger stone particles in the human renal pelvis. At this time, the negative pressure device arranged at the end of the scope sheath body is started. Under the action of the negative pressure suction, the film lining beyond the end of the deformation section shrinks to tightly cover the stone particles. Then, the first blocking airbag is expanded in the deformation section, and the soft scope body is pulled toward the outside of the human body. The film lining and the stone particles covered by the film lining can be retracted into the deformation section; in this way, the larger stone particles in the human renal pelvis are collected, and the practicality of the present invention in actual use is further improved.

[0031] 3. A ureteroscope for use with a variable-diameter sheath according to the present invention, wherein a guide section is provided at the end of the deformation section, the guide section is made of nickel-titanium metal material, and the guide section has a contracted state and an expanded state, and the inner diameter of the guide section in the contracted state matches the inner diameter of the deformation section in the first state; the inner diameter of the guide section in the expanded state is smaller than the inner diameter of the deformation section in the second state, and the inner diameter of the guide section in the expanded state is larger than the outer diameter of the first tube body; the first blocking airbag includes a front balloon body and a rear balloon body that are spaced apart, the front balloon body is provided on one side of the end of the front tube body, and the rear balloon body is provided on one side of the fixing groove, and a third injection channel is also provided in the scope tube section, the front balloon body and the rear balloon body A third liquid outlet is also provided on the front tube body between the bodies, and the third liquid outlet is communicated with the third injection channel; one end of the film lining is connected to the outer surface of the deformation segment, and the other end is connected to the support segment, the film lining is made of elastic rubber material, and a plurality of water-permeable holes are provided on the film lining, and the water-permeable holes of the film lining are in a closed state in a natural state; when the front capsule body forms an expanded state in the guide segment, and the rear capsule body forms an expanded state in the deformation segment, physiological saline is injected into the third injection channel to increase the pressure in the sheath body between the front capsule body and the rear capsule body, and the film lining is stretched and expanded under the action of pressure, so that the water-permeable holes form an open state. With this structural arrangement, when it is necessary to suction the gravel with larger particles in the human renal calyx, the film lining inside the deformation section is first pushed out, and the end of the film lining is guided into the human renal calyx by using the first tube body, and then the first tube body is retracted to make the front capsule correspond to the guide section, and the rear capsule correspond to the deformation section, and then air is injected into the front capsule and the rear capsule to expand the two. After the front capsule blocks the matching gap between the front tube body and the guide section, and the rear capsule blocks the matching gap between the front tube body and the deformation section, physiological saline is injected through the third injection channel to make the pressure in the sheath body between the front capsule and the rear capsule increase. As the force increases, the film lining stretches and expands under the action of pressure, the water permeable hole forms an open state, and physiological saline flows into the accommodating cavity formed by the film lining through the water permeable hole and the structural gap between the guide section and the deformation section, so that the film lining beyond the end of the deformation section forms a drainage channel with a stable structure, and then during the suction operation, the gravel with larger particles in the human renal calyx is attracted to the drainage channel formed by the film lining under the action of negative pressure suction; when all the stone particles in the human renal calyx are attracted to the drainage channel formed by the film lining, the soft mirror body is pulled toward the outside of the human body, and the film lining and the stone particles attracted into the film lining can be retracted into the deformation section.This structural arrangement further improves the practicability of the present invention in actual use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the soft lens body;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the mirror sheath body and the soft mirror body cooperating with each other;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the first blocking airbag and the second blocking airbag cooperating with the scope sheath body when they are in an expanded state;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first blocking airbag performing a stone particle suction operation after the first blocking airbag expands at the end of the deformation section;

[0036] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the increase in the length of the deformation section after the film liner is pushed out;

[0037] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the film lining shrinks to tightly wrap the stone particles;

[0038] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a structure in which physiological saline is injected into the accommodation cavity formed by the film lining so that the film lining beyond the end of the deformation section forms a structurally stable drainage channel;

[0039] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the mirror tube section.

[0040] Markings in the figure: 1-scope sheath body, 2-soft scope body, 3-deformation section, 4-support section, 5-handle section, 6-scope tube section, 7-first tube body part, 8-second tube body part, 9-fixing groove, 10-first liquid injection channel, 11-first liquid outlet, 12-front tube body, 13-rear tube body, 14-first blocking airbag, 15-second blocking airbag, 16-gas channel, 17-film lining, 18-second liquid injection channel, 19-second liquid outlet, 20-drainage channel, 21-guide section, 22-front capsule body, 23-rear capsule body, 24-third liquid injection channel, 25-third liquid outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0042] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them.

[0043] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents some embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features and technical solutions in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0045] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the invention product is usually placed when in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. Such terms are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0047] Example 1: Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, a ureteroscope for use with a variable diameter sheath according to the present invention comprises a sheath body 1 and a soft mirror body 2, wherein the sheath body 1 comprises a deformation segment 3 and a support segment 4, wherein the deformation segment 3 is used to be inserted into a human ureter, and the support segment 4 is used to be inserted into a human urethra and bladder, wherein the deformation segment 3 cooperates with the support segment 4 to form a channel for the soft mirror body 2 to extend into a human renal pelvis, wherein the deformation segment 3 is made of nickel-titanium metal material, and wherein the deformation segment 3 has a first form and a second form, and wherein when the ambient temperature rises to a phase transition temperature, the deformation segment 3 can be transformed from the first form to the second form;

[0048] The soft endoscope body 2 includes a handle section 5 and a tube section 6. The handle section 5 is used for the operator to hold, and the tube section 6 is used to extend into the human body. The tube section 6 includes a first tube body portion 7 and a second tube body portion 8. The second tube body portion 8 is connected to the handle section 5. The first tube body portion 7 is provided with a fixing groove 9.

[0049] The length of the deformation section 3 in the first state matches the length of the fixing groove 9, and the outer diameter of the deformation section 3 in the first state is less than or equal to the outer diameter of the first tube body 7; the inner diameter of the deformation section 3 in the second state is greater than the outer diameter of the first tube body 7;

[0050] A first liquid injection channel 10 is further provided in the mirror tube section 6, and a first liquid outlet hole 11 is provided in the fixing groove 9. The first liquid outlet hole 11 is connected to the first liquid injection channel 10, and the first liquid injection channel 10 is used to transport a solution with a phase change temperature.

[0051] A ureteroscope for use with a variable-diameter sheath as described in the present invention is used, and the deformable segment 3 is set to have a first form and a second form. In the operation of inserting the deformable segment 3 into the human ureter, the deformable segment 3 is first adjusted to the first form, so that the deformable segment 3 is snapped into the fixing groove 9 provided on the first tube body portion 7, so that the sheath body 1 and the mirror tube segment 6 are combined to form an integral structure, and in the operation of inserting the deformable segment 3 into the human ureter, the mirror tube segment 6 can support the deformable segment 3 to prevent the deformable segment 3 from twisting and deforming when passing through the human ureter; and after the deformable segment 3 forms the first form and is snapped into the fixing groove 9 provided on the first tube body portion 7, the deformable segment 3 will not increase the outer diameter of the first tube body portion 7, thereby ensuring that the deformable segment 3 can pass smoothly. through the narrow segment of the human ureter; further, in the present embodiment, during the lithotripsy operation in the human renal pelvis, a solution with a phase transition temperature is injected into the deformable segment 3 through the first injection channel 10, so that the deformable segment 3 is transformed from the first form to the second form. At this time, the diameter of the deformable segment 3 is enlarged to expand the narrow segment of the human ureter, and a matching gap is formed between the deformable segment 3 and the first tube body 7, so that the stone particles crushed by the holmium laser and the accumulated fluid in the human kidney can be discharged from the body through the matching gap between the two; compared with the prior art, in the operation of the deformable segment 3 expanding the narrow segment of the human ureter, the narrow ring in the narrow segment of the human ureter does not need to be broken, thereby effectively reducing the damage to the human ureter caused by ureteroscopic lithotripsy, which is more conducive to the patient's postoperative recovery and reduces the patient's postoperative pain.

[0052] Specifically, in this embodiment, the deformation segment 3 is a mesh structure made of nickel-titanium alloy wire; when the deformation segment 3 contacts the solution exceeding 33°C-38°C, its diameter expands to form a second shape, and when the deformation segment 3 contacts the solution at 0°C-10°C, it forms a first shape; in the operation of inserting the deformation segment 3 into the human ureter, the medical staff needs to inject the solution at 0°C-10°C into the deformation segment 3 through the first injection channel 10, so that the deformation segment 3 maintains the first shape, thereby ensuring the The deformable segment 3 is smoothly inserted into the human ureter; when the end of the deformable segment 3 enters the human renal pelvis, a solution of 33°C-38°C is injected into the deformable segment 3 through the first injection channel 10, so that the diameter of the deformable segment 3 is expanded to form a second shape. At this time, a matching gap is formed between the deformable segment 3 and the first tube body 7. During the lithotripsy operation, a negative pressure suction device is connected to the end of the support segment 4, and the stone particles crushed by the holmium laser and the accumulated fluid in the human kidney can be discharged from the body through the matching gap between the two.

[0053] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, when the deformable segment 3 is transformed from the first form to the second form, its overall length will be shortened to a certain extent. Therefore, in the operation of inserting the deformable segment 3 into the human ureter, the deformable segment 3 needs to be extended into the human renal pelvis for a certain length to prevent the end of the deformable segment 3 from retracting into the human ureter when the deformable segment 3 is transformed from the first form to the second form.

[0054] As a preferred embodiment, on the basis of the above scheme, further, the first liquid outlet holes 11 are provided in plurality, and the first liquid outlet holes 11 are provided at equal intervals along the length direction of the fixed groove 9. With this structural setting, the perfused solution can be more fully in contact with the inner wall of the deformation section 3, so that the time for the deformation section 3 to switch between the first form and the second form can be shortened to a certain extent, and the uniformity of the diameter change of different parts of the deformation section 3 is also ensured, thereby improving the practicality of the present invention in actual use.

[0055] Example 2: Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, the flexible ureteroscope used in conjunction with a variable diameter sheath described in the present invention further comprises a thin film lining 17 provided in the deformation section 3, and when the deformation section 3 is in the second form, the thin film lining 17 is in contact with the inner wall of the deformation section 3.

[0056] In this embodiment, the thin film lining 17 is provided to block the gap in the structure of the deformation section 3 itself, thereby further reducing the loss of the solution injected into the deformation section 3; on the other hand, the provision of the thin film lining 17 can also improve the smoothness of the inner wall of the deformation section 3, thereby reducing the risk of stone particles being blocked in the deformation section 3 during the suction operation, further improving the practicability of the present invention in actual use.

[0057] As a preferred embodiment, on the basis of the above scheme, further, the first tube body 7 is divided into a front tube body 12 and a rear tube body 13 with the fixing groove 9 as a dividing line, and the rear tube body 13 is connected to the second tube body 8, and a gas channel 16 is also provided in the mirror tube segment 6, and a first blocking airbag 14 is provided on the front tube body 12, and a second blocking airbag 15 is provided on the rear tube body 13, and the first blocking airbag 14 and the second blocking airbag 15 are both connected to the gas channel 16. After air is injected into the gas channel 16 to form the first blocking airbag 14 and the second blocking airbag 15 into an inflated state, the first blocking airbag 14 can block the end opening of the deformation segment 3, and the second blocking airbag 15 can block the matching gap between the support segment 4 and the first tube body 7.

[0058] Specifically, in this embodiment, considering that stones may be distributed at different positions in the human renal pelvis, it is necessary to adjust the length of the end of the deformable segment 3 extending into the human renal pelvis according to actual conditions during the lithotripsy operation, so that the end of the deformable segment 3 is sufficiently close to the stone site, thereby ensuring that the stone fragments broken by the holmium laser can be more thoroughly adsorbed to the body; in this embodiment, in the operation of adjusting the length of the end of the deformable segment 3 extending into the human renal pelvis, air is first injected into the gas channel 16 to expand the first blocking airbag 14 in the human renal pelvis, and then the first blocking airbag 14 is abutted against the end of the deformable segment 3, and air is continuously injected into the gas channel 16 until the second blocking airbag 15 blocks the matching gap between the support segment 4 and the first tube body 7 and stops; at this time, a solution with a phase change temperature is injected into the deformable segment 3 through the first injection channel 10, so that the deformable segment 3 is transformed from the second form to the first form, and the deformable segment 3 can be pushed / pulled to move in the human ureter. In this embodiment, the first blocking airbag 14 is provided to block the end of the deformation segment 3, and the second blocking airbag 15 is provided to block the matching gap between the support segment 4 and the first tube body 7, which can reduce the overflow of the solution poured into the deformation segment 3, so that the solution can be more fully collected in the deformation segment 3, so as to further shorten the time for the deformation segment 3 to switch between the first form and the second form, and ensure the uniformity of the diameter change of different parts of the deformation segment 3.

[0059] Furthermore, in the present embodiment, in the operation of adjusting the length of the end of the deformable segment 3 extending into the human renal pelvis, the first blocking airbag 14 can also be expanded on one side of the end of the deformable segment 3, and the second blocking airbag 15 can be expanded in the supporting segment 4, and then a solution with a phase change temperature is poured into the deformable segment 3, so that the deformable segment 3 outside the range of the first blocking airbag 14 is changed from the second state to the first state, and then the deformable segment 3 is moved so that its end is close to the stone position in the human renal pelvis, and a solution with a phase change temperature is poured into the deformable segment 3 again, so that the deformable segment 3 is changed from the first state to the second state; in the present embodiment, the diameter of the area of ​​the deformable segment 3 corresponding to the first blocking airbag 14 will not change, so that the length contraction of the deformable segment 3 when it is changed from the first state to the second state can be reduced, so that the end of the deformable segment 3 can be closer to the stone position in the human renal pelvis after the deformation segment 3 is changed to the second state, thereby improving the adsorption effect of stone particles.

[0060] As a preferred implementation, based on the above solution, further, the inner diameter of the deformation section 3 in the second form is smaller than the inner diameter of the support section 4.

[0061] With this structural arrangement, during the operation of pulling the deformable segment 3 out of the human ureter, the first blocking airbag 14 is first expanded at the end of the deformable segment 3. After the first blocking airbag 14 is engaged with the interior of the deformable segment 3, a solution with a phase change temperature is injected into the deformable segment 3. At this time, the sheath body 1 is pulled out of the body. Under the action of the pulling force, the deformable segment 3 can be shaped more quickly and transformed from the second form to the first form, thereby further improving the practicality of the present invention in actual use.

[0062] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the inner diameter of the deformation segment 3 in the second form is smaller than the inner diameter of the support segment 4. When the first blocking airbag 14 expands in the deformation segment 3 and clamps into the interior of the deformation segment 3, there will still be a gap between the second blocking airbag 15 and the inner wall of the support segment 4, thereby ensuring that the applied tension is smoothly transmitted to the deformation segment 3.

[0063] Example 3: Figure 4As shown, a ureteroscope for use with a variable-diameter sheath described in the present invention, based on the above scheme, further, a second injection channel 18 is further arranged in the scope tube segment 6, and a second liquid outlet 19 connected to the second injection channel 18 is arranged on the front tube body 12, and the distance between the second liquid outlet 19 and the end of the front tube body 12 is smaller than the distance between the first blocking airbag 14 and the end of the front tube body 12, and a drainage channel 20 is further arranged in the front tube body 12, and the liquid inlet of the drainage channel 20 is arranged at the end of the front tube body 12, and the liquid outlet of the drainage channel 20 is arranged on the front tube body 12, and the distance between the liquid outlet of the drainage channel 20 and the fixed groove 9 is smaller than the distance between the blocking airbag and the fixed groove 9.

[0064] Specifically, in the lithotripsy operation, the first blocking airbag 14 is expanded in the deformation segment 3. After the first blocking airbag 14 fills the gap between the front tube 12 and the deformation segment 3, the negative pressure device arranged at the end of the mirror sheath body 1 is started. Under the action of negative pressure suction, the stone particles and the accumulated fluid in the human renal pelvis enter the deformation segment 3 through the drainage channel 20, and are discharged from the body along the matching gap between the mirror sheath body 1 and the soft mirror body 2. At the same time, under the action of negative pressure suction, the flushing liquid can also be replenished into the human renal pelvis from the second injection channel 18, so that the pressure in the human renal pelvis is always balanced. With this structural arrangement, the total amount of flushing liquid injected into the human renal pelvis can always be equal to the amount of flushing liquid discharged from the human renal pelvis. The weight of the accumulated fluid sucked out of the pelvis effectively avoids the risk of excessively high or low pressure inside the human renal pelvis, which may cause tissue rupture and / or bacteria entering the blood; on the other hand, in this embodiment, by adjusting the distance between the first blocking airbag 14 and the deformation segment 3, the length of the end of the front tube 12 extending from the end of the deformation segment 3 can be changed, so that the liquid inlet of the drainage channel 20 can be close to the stones in different parts of the human renal pelvis, so that the stone fragments can be more thoroughly adsorbed to the body; compared with the above-mentioned embodiment, by moving the deformation segment 3 to make the end of the deformation segment 3 close to the stone part in the human renal pelvis, the operation in this embodiment is more convenient, and the deformation segment 3 is prevented from damaging the mucosa of the human ureter during movement.

[0065] Example 4: Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the flexible ureteroscope used in conjunction with a variable diameter sheath described in the present invention is, based on the above scheme, further, the length of the film lining 17 is greater than the length of the deformation section 3 in the second form.

[0066] Specifically, in this embodiment, after the first blocking balloon 14 is expanded, the soft endoscope body 2 is pushed forward or pulled backward to move inside the endoscope sheath body 1, so that the thin film lining 17 inside the deformation segment 3 can be pushed out, or the thin film lining 17 can be retracted into the deformation segment 3; during the lithotripsy operation, the thin film lining 17 can be pushed out from the deformation segment 3 to increase the overall length of the deformation segment 3, thereby increasing the length range of the end of the front tube 12 extending into the human renal pelvis, so that the liquid inlet of the drainage channel 20 can be closer to the stones deep in the human renal pelvis, thereby ensuring that the stone particles can be more thoroughly sucked out of the body. ; Further, after the film lining 17 is pushed out from the deformation section 3, the first blocking airbag 14 is inflated and then clamped in the film lining 17 outside the deformation section 3. During the lithotripsy operation, the soft endoscope body 2 is pushed forward to stretch the film lining 17, so that the end of the front tube 12 can be extended into the deep of the human renal pelvis; the soft endoscope body 2 is pulled backward to shrink the film lining 17, so that the end of the front tube 12 can gradually withdraw from the human renal pelvis; in this embodiment, in the operation of adjusting the position of the end of the front tube 12, there is no need to repeatedly flush / release the air in the first blocking airbag 14, which improves the convenience of the present invention in use;

[0067] Furthermore, the present embodiment is aimed at the situation where there are larger stone particles in the renal pelvis and the stone particles have a high degree of freedom of movement, and the holmium laser crushing is easy to damage the patient's tissue. The thin film lining 17 can be pushed out from the deformation segment 3 and guided by the first tube body 7 so that the thin film lining 17 can cover the larger stone particles in the human renal pelvis. At this time, the negative pressure device arranged at the end of the scope sheath body 1 is started. Under the action of the negative pressure suction, the thin film lining 17 that exceeds the end of the deformation segment 3 shrinks to tightly cover the stone particles. Then, the first blocking balloon 14 is expanded in the deformation segment 3 and the soft scope body 2 is pulled toward the outside of the human body. The thin film lining 17 and the stone particles covered by the thin film lining 17 can be retracted into the deformation segment 3. In this way, the collection of larger stone particles in the human renal pelvis is achieved, and the practicality of the present invention in actual use is further improved.

[0068] Example 5: Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the flexible ureteroscope used with a variable diameter scope sheath according to the present invention is, based on the above scheme, further, a guide section 21 is provided at the end of the deformation section 3, the guide section 21 is made of nickel-titanium metal material, the guide section 21 has a contracted state and an expanded state, the inner diameter of the guide section 21 in the contracted state matches the inner diameter of the deformation section 3 in the first state; the inner diameter of the guide section 21 in the expanded state is smaller than the inner diameter of the deformation section 3 in the second state, and the inner diameter of the guide section 21 in the expanded state is larger than the outer diameter of the first tube body 7;

[0069] The first blocking airbag 14 includes a front bag body 22 and a rear bag body 23 which are arranged at intervals. The front bag body 22 is arranged near one side of the end of the front tube body 12, and the rear bag body 23 is arranged near one side of the fixing groove 9.

[0070] A third liquid injection channel 24 is further provided in the mirror tube section 6, and a third liquid outlet hole 25 is further provided on the front tube body 12 between the front capsule body 22 and the rear capsule body 23, and the third liquid outlet hole 25 is communicated with the third liquid injection channel 24;

[0071] One end of the film liner 17 is connected to the outer surface of the deformation section 3, and the other end is connected to the support section 4. The film liner 17 is made of elastic rubber material. A plurality of water-permeable holes are provided on the film liner 17. The water-permeable holes of the film liner 17 are closed in a natural state.

[0072] When the front capsule 22 forms an expanded state in the guide section 21, and the rear capsule 23 forms an expanded state in the deformation section 3, physiological saline is injected into the third injection channel 24 to increase the pressure in the sheath body 1 between the front capsule 22 and the rear capsule 23. Under the action of the pressure, the film lining 17 stretches and expands, and then the water permeable hole forms an open state.

[0073] Specifically, in the lithotripsy operation of this embodiment, when it is necessary to suction the large-particle lithotripsy in the human renal calyx, the film lining 17 inside the deformation segment 3 is first ejected, and the end of the film lining 17 is guided into the renal calyx of the human body by using the first tube body 7, and then the first tube body 7 is retracted to make the front capsule 22 correspond to the guide segment 21, and the rear capsule 23 correspond to the deformation segment 3, and then air is injected into the front capsule 22 and the rear capsule 23 to expand the two. After the front capsule 22 blocks the matching gap between the front tube 12 and the guide segment 21, and the rear capsule 23 blocks the matching gap between the front tube 12 and the deformation segment 3, physiological saline is injected through the third injection channel 24 to make the gap between the front capsule 22 and the rear capsule 23. The pressure in the mirror sheath body 1 increases, and the film lining 17 stretches and expands under the pressure, the water permeable hole forms an open state, and the physiological saline flows into the accommodating cavity formed by the film lining 17 through the water permeable hole and the structural gap between the guide section 21 and the deformation section 3, so that the film lining 17 beyond the end of the deformation section 3 forms a drainage channel with a stable structure, and then during the suction operation, the gravel with larger particles in the human calyx is attracted to the drainage channel formed by the film lining 17 under the action of negative pressure suction; when all the stone particles in the human calyx are attracted to the drainage channel formed by the film lining 17, the soft mirror body 2 is pulled toward the outside of the human body, and the film lining 17 and the stone particles attracted to the film lining 17 can be retracted into the deformation section 3. The use of this structural setting further improves the practicality of the present invention in actual use.

[0074] It should be noted that in this embodiment, injecting physiological saline into the accommodating cavity formed by the film lining 17 can increase the strength of the film lining 17 beyond the end of the deformation section 3, thereby preventing the drainage channel formed by the film lining 17 from collapsing during the suction operation.

[0075] As a preferred embodiment, based on the above solution, further, the step structure formed between the guide section 21 and the deformation section 3 is at a right angle. With this structural setting, the contact area between the film liner 17 and the step structure formed between the guide section 21 and the deformation section 3 can be reduced, and then the water permeable holes on the film liner 17 can be better expanded under pressure.

[0076] As a preferred embodiment, on the basis of the above solution, further, the third liquid outlet holes 25 are provided in plurality, and the third liquid outlet holes 25 are arranged at equal intervals around the outer diameter of the front tube body 12 .

[0077] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flexible ureteroscope used in conjunction with a variable diameter sheath, characterized in that: The soft mirror body comprises a mirror sheath body and a soft mirror body, wherein the mirror sheath body comprises a deformation section and a support section, wherein the deformation section has a first form and a second form with a larger diameter, and when the ambient temperature rises to a phase change temperature, the deformation section can be transformed from the first form to the second form with a larger diameter; the soft mirror body comprises a handle section and a mirror tube section, wherein the mirror tube section is used to be inserted into a human body, and the mirror tube section comprises a first tube body portion and a second tube body portion, wherein the second tube body portion is connected to the handle section, and a fixing groove is provided on the first tube body portion, wherein the length of the deformation section in the first form matches the length of the fixing groove, and a first liquid injection channel is further provided in the mirror tube section, wherein a first liquid outlet hole is provided in the fixing groove, and the first liquid outlet hole is connected to the first liquid injection channel, and the first liquid injection channel is used to transport a solution with a phase change temperature; the first tube body portion is divided into a front tube body and a rear tube body with the fixing groove as a boundary, and the rear tube body is connected to the second tube body portion, A gas channel is also provided in the mirror tube section, a first blocking airbag is provided on the front tube body, and a second blocking airbag is provided on the rear tube body, and both the first blocking airbag and the second blocking airbag are connected to the gas channel; the first blocking airbag includes a front capsule body and a rear capsule body which are arranged at intervals, the front capsule body is arranged on the end side of the front tube body, and the rear capsule body is arranged on the side of the fixing groove; a third liquid injection channel is also provided in the mirror tube section, and a third liquid outlet is also provided on the front tube body between the front capsule body and the rear capsule body, and the third liquid outlet is connected to the third liquid injection channel; a film lining is also provided in the deformation section, one end of the film lining is connected to the outer surface of the deformation section, and the other end is connected to the supporting section, the length of the film lining is greater than the length of the deformation section in the second form, the film lining is made of elastic rubber material, a plurality of water permeable holes are provided on the film lining, and the water permeable holes of the film lining are in a closed state in a natural state.

2. The flexible ureteroscope used in conjunction with a variable diameter sheath according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the first liquid outlet holes is plural, and the first liquid outlet holes are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the fixing groove.

3. The flexible ureteroscope used in conjunction with a variable diameter sheath according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the deformation section is in the second state, the film lining is in contact with the inner wall of the deformation section.

4. The flexible ureteroscope used in conjunction with a variable diameter sheath according to claim 3, characterized in that: After air is injected into the gas channel to expand the first and second blocking airbags, the first blocking airbag can block the end opening of the deformation section, and the second blocking airbag can block the matching gap between the support section and the first tube body.

5. The flexible ureteroscope used in conjunction with a variable diameter sheath according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the deformable section in the second state is smaller than the inner diameter of the supporting section.

6. The flexible ureteroscope used in conjunction with a variable diameter sheath according to claim 5, characterized in that: A second injection channel is also arranged in the mirror tube section, and a second liquid outlet hole connected with the second injection channel is arranged on the front tube body, and the distance between the second liquid outlet hole and the end of the front tube body is smaller than the distance between the first blocking airbag and the end of the front tube body. A drainage channel is also arranged in the front tube body, and the liquid inlet of the drainage channel is arranged at the end of the front tube body, and the liquid outlet of the drainage channel is arranged on the front tube body, and the distance between the liquid outlet of the drainage channel and the fixed groove is smaller than the distance between the blocking airbag and the fixed groove.

7. The flexible ureteroscope used in conjunction with a variable diameter sheath according to claim 6, characterized in that: A guide section is provided at the end of the deformation section, and the guide section is made of nickel-titanium metal material. The guide section has a contracted state and an expanded state. In the contracted state, the inner diameter of the guide section matches the inner diameter of the deformation section in the first state; in the expanded state, the inner diameter of the guide section is smaller than the inner diameter of the deformation section in the second state, and in the expanded state, the inner diameter of the guide section is larger than the outer diameter of the first tube body; When the front capsule forms an expanded state in the guide section, and the rear capsule forms an expanded state in the deformation section, physiological saline is injected into the third injection channel to increase the pressure in the sheath body between the front capsule and the rear capsule. Under the action of pressure, the film lining stretches and expands, and then the water permeable hole forms an open state.

8. The flexible ureteroscope used in conjunction with a diameter-variable sheath according to claim 7, characterized in that: The guide section and the deformation section form a step structure at a right angle.

9. The flexible ureteroscope used in conjunction with a variable diameter sheath according to any one of claims 7 to 8, characterized in that: The third liquid outlet holes are arranged in plurality, and the third liquid outlet holes are arranged at equal intervals around the outer diameter of the front tube body.

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