Waste tire regenerated carbon black plasma graded purification treatment system

Abstract

A waste tire regenerated carbon black plasma staged purification treatment system relates to the field of carbon black thermal cracking and comprises a powder feeding system, a plasma reactor, a cooling device, a gas-solid separation device, a cooling water system and a gas supply system. A plurality of plasma torch assemblies are arranged on the plasma reactor, each plasma assembly is formed by arranging a plurality of tubular direct-current arc plasma torches on a certain cross section in the reactor in a polygonal tangent circle mode, the powder feeding device is connected with the plasma torches, and powder to be treated is conveyed into the plasma torches. And the outlet end of the plasma reactor, the cooling device and the gas-solid separation device are sequentially connected. The cooling water system is used for cooling the plasma reactor, the plasma torch, the cooling device and the gas-solid separation device and recycling. The gas supply system provides working gas. The waste tire regenerated carbon black is subjected to graded purification according to different particle size grades, and high-purity carbon black products with different particle sizes are obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of carbon black thermal cracking, and in particular relates to a plasma grading and purification treatment system for carbon black regenerated from waste tires. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the economy, the popularity of automobiles has been promoted, resulting in an increasing amount of tires. At present, my country has become the largest producer of waste tires in the world. If waste tires are not handled properly, they will cause great harm to the natural environment. The large accumulation of waste tires will not only cause waste of resources and breed mosquitoes, but also easily cause fires, and the flames are difficult to extinguish. Since waste rubber is a thermosetting polymer material with high toughness and elasticity, it is difficult to degrade, and the recycling process is extremely complicated and costly. The current tire recycling methods mainly include preparation of rubber powder, incineration and pyrolysis. Among them, the cost of preparing rubber powder is relatively high, and the demand quantity and demand growth rate cannot be compared with the growth rate of the number of waste tires produced. Incineration can recover the heat energy of waste tires, but it cannot recover valuable chemical raw materials, while pyrolysis of waste tires can provide a high value-added and environmentally friendly recycling route.

[0003] Since waste tires have a high carbon content, they can be used to prepare activated carbon and carbon black products. The usual method of preparing carbon black products from waste tires is to thermally crack the waste tires and use the residues from the thermal cracking as carbon black products. However, such carbon black products have a high degree of environmental pollution, high ash content, poor dispersibility, poor compatibility with rubber, low selling price, poor economic benefits, and weak market competitiveness. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by the present application is: to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a plasma grading and purification treatment system for recycled carbon black from waste tires, which can achieve grading and purification of recycled carbon black from waste tires according to different particle size grades to obtain high-purity carbon black products of different particle sizes.

[0005] The present invention aims at the key purification link in the deep resource processing process of waste tire pyrolysis carbon black, focuses on improving the shortcomings of the existing pyrolysis carbon black purification process, solves the problems of incomplete purification and serious environmental pollution, realizes the graded purification of regenerated carbon black, and obtains carbon black products of different purities and different particle sizes.

[0006] The technical solutions provided by this application are as follows:

[0007] A waste tire regeneration carbon black plasma classification and purification treatment system comprises a plasma reactor, the plasma reactor comprises a cylindrical barrel, a truncated cone barrel and a first powder collecting tank, the large diameter end of the truncated cone barrel is connected to the bottom of the cylindrical barrel, and the first powder collecting tank is connected to the small diameter end of the truncated cone barrel; a multi-layer polygonal tangential plasma torch assembly arranged in sequence from top to bottom is installed on the cylindrical barrel, each layer of the polygonal tangential plasma torch assembly comprises a plurality of plasma torches, the outlet end of each plasma torch extends into the cylindrical barrel, the inlet end of the plasma torch is located outside the cylindrical barrel, and each layer The polygonal cut-circle plasma torch assembly comprises a plurality of plasma torches located at the same height in the axial direction of the cylindrical barrel; the plasma torches are used to heat a gas-solid mixture to obtain a high-temperature gas-solid mixture, the solids in the gas-solid mixture are carbon black particles, and the particle size of the carbon black particles ejected from different layers of the polygonal cut-circle plasma torch assembly from top to bottom gradually decreases; the plasma reactor also comprises a top cover, which is installed at the upper end of the cylindrical barrel, and is provided with a cooling structure for enriching the cracking products of the carbon black particles, and a gas-solid mixture outlet is provided on the side wall of the cylindrical barrel close to a section of the truncated cone barrel.

[0008] The gas-solid mixture ejection directions of the multiple plasma torches included in each layer of the polygonal tangential circle plasma torch assembly have a common tangential circle, and the diameter of the tangential circle is 50%-70% of the inner diameter of the cylindrical barrel.

[0009] From top to bottom, the diameters of the tangential circles of the multiple plasma torches of the polygonal tangential circle plasma torch assembly in the direction of ejection of the gas-solid mixture increase successively.

[0010] The multiple plasma torches included in each layer of the polygonal tangential circular plasma torch assembly are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical tube, and the number of plasma torches included in each layer of the polygonal tangential circular plasma torch assembly is 3, 3n, 4 or 4n, where n is an integer.

[0011] The cooling structure includes a plurality of water-cooled fins arranged on the top cover facing the inner end of the cylindrical barrel, the plurality of water-cooled fins are evenly distributed around the axis of the top cover, and along the direction of the top cover pointing to the cylindrical barrel, the normal line of the fin surface gradually approaches the axis of the cylindrical barrel, and the angle between the normal line of the fin surface and the direction of the cylindrical barrel axis is π / 6-π / 3; the lower end of the fin is located on the side of the topmost polygonal cut-circle plasma torch assembly facing the top cover.

[0012] The plasma torch included in each layer of the polygonal tangential plasma torch assembly is connected to a powder feeding system, and the powder feeding system is used to transport the gas-solid mixture to the inlet end of the plasma torch.

[0013] The powder feeding system includes a silo, a powder tank and a bulk material mechanism. The silo contains carbon black particles that have been coarsely screened according to particle size. The bottom of the silo is connected to the powder tank. The powder tank is used to send the carbon black particles to the bulk material mechanism. The bulk material mechanism disperses the carbon black particles and sends them to the inlet end of the plasma torch through wind.

[0014] The gas-solid mixture outlet is connected to a cooling device, which is a cylindrical water-cooling structure for cooling the gas-solid mixture flowing out of the gas-solid mixture outlet. The cooling device is gradually inclined upward in a direction away from the plasma reactor; the axial direction of the cooling device forms an angle of π / 4-π / 3 with the axial direction of the cylindrical barrel of the plasma reactor.

[0015] The end of the cooling device away from the plasma reactor is connected to a gas-solid separation device, and the gas-solid separation device is used to separate the gas-solid mixture.

[0016] The gas-solid separation device is connected to a vacuum system, which includes a vacuum pump and a circulating water tank. The circulating water tank is connected to a vacuum pipe, the other end of the vacuum pipe is connected to the gas-solid separation device, and the vacuum pump is connected to the vacuum pipe. The dust in the gas-solid separation device is drawn into the circulating water tank through the vacuum pipe for washing with water and then discharged.

[0017] In summary, this application at least includes the following beneficial technical effects:

[0018] The invention discloses a plasma graded purification treatment system for recycled carbon black from waste tires, which can quickly and efficiently realize the graded purification treatment of recycled carbon black. Recycled carbon black particles with different particle sizes are subjected to layered heat treatment and then collected step by step. The recycled carbon black from waste tires can be graded and purified according to different particle size grades to obtain high-purity carbon black products with different particle sizes. At the same time, the system can also be well applied to other treatment processes such as purification treatment of other particles or high-temperature heat treatment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a plasma classification and purification treatment system for recycled carbon black from waste tires according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a powder feeding system according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a group of polygonal tangential circular plasma torch assemblies according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the top cover of the plasma reactor described in the present invention.

[0023] Description of the accompanying drawings: 1. Powder feeding system; 2. Plasma reactor; 3. Cooling device; 4. Gas-solid separation device; 5. Plasma torch;

[0024] 11. Material silo; 12. Powder tank; 13. Powder tray; 14. Motor; 15. Electric switch mechanism;

[0025] 21. Top cover; 22. Ribs. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present application discloses a plasma grading and purification treatment system for recycled carbon black from waste tires, which is mainly composed of a powder feeding system 1, a plasma reactor 2, a cooling device 3, a gas-solid separation device 4, a particle collection system, a vacuum system, a cooling water system and a gas supply system. Several plasma torches 5 are arranged on the plasma reactor 2, and the powder feeding system 1 is connected to the plasma torch 5, and the powder to be treated is directly transported to the inside of the plasma torch nozzle. The outlet end of the plasma reactor 2 is connected to the front end of the cooling device 3, and the rear end of the cooling device 3 is connected to the inlet end of the gas-solid separation device 4. The cooling water system cools the plasma reactor 2, the plasma torch 5, the cooling device 3 and the gas-solid separation device 4 respectively, and realizes recycling. The gas supply system provides working gas for the powder feeding system 1 and the plasma torch 5.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the powder feeding system 1 is a system device composed of a silo 11, a powder tank 12, a powder rotary conveying mechanism 13, a motor 14, an electric switch mechanism 15, a pipeline, a valve and an auxiliary support platform. The silo 11 is located at the top of the system, the bottom outlet of the silo 11 is connected to the upper port of the powder tank 12 through a pipeline, the electric switch mechanism 15 is located on the pipeline between the silo 11 and the powder tank 12, the lower port of the powder tank 12 is connected to the powder rotary conveying mechanism 13, the powder rotary conveying mechanism 13 is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet outside, the air inlet is connected to the air supply system, and the air outlet is connected to the plasma torch 5 through a pipeline; the powder rotary conveying mechanism 13 is provided with a disc inside, the center hole of the disc is connected to the rotating shaft of the motor 14, and the upper surface of the disc is provided with an annular powder groove; the inner cavity of the powder tank 12 and the inner cavity of the powder rotary conveying mechanism 13 are connected through a pipeline to balance the air pressure inside the powder tank 12 and the powder rotary conveying mechanism 13. The powder rotating conveying mechanism 13 controls the rotation speed of the powder tray through the motor 14 located at the lower end thereof.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, the plasma reactor 2 is a columnar body composed of two parts, the upper part is a cylindrical tube, and the lower part is a contraction type truncated cone tube. The large diameter end of the truncated cone tube is connected to the bottom of the cylindrical tube, and the cylindrical tube is connected to the inside of the truncated cone tube. The bottom of the truncated cone tube is connected to a first powder collecting tank. On a certain cross section of the upper cylindrical tube of the plasma reactor 2, 3 or 3n plasma torches 5 are arranged, n is an integer or 4 or 4n plasma torches 5, n is an integer, one end of the plasma torch 5 extends into the plasma reactor 2, and the other end is located outside the plasma reactor 2. The powder feeding system 1 transports the gas-solid mixture (a mixture of regenerated carbon black particles and gas) into the arc chamber between the front and rear electrodes of the plasma torch 5. The high-temperature plasma generated by the discharge between the electrodes of the plasma torch 5 heats the gas-solid mixture under the action of the internal high-speed rotating airflow, and the regenerated carbon black particles are introduced into the plasma reactor 2 together with the plasma jet through the nozzle, and then cracking reaction can be carried out in the plasma high temperature zone, so that the impurity components inside the carbon black are pyrolyzed and gasified, and the carbon black body is cracked to form carbon black products of various particle sizes. The jet at the nozzle outlet of the plasma torch is arranged tangentially around an imaginary circle on a certain cross section of the upper cylindrical tube of the plasma reactor 2, and the diameter of the imaginary circle is 50%-70% of the inner diameter of the upper cylindrical tube of the plasma reactor 2. The plurality of plasma torches 5 of the same cross section form a group of multi-angle tangential plasma torch assemblies, which are arranged in multiple layers at different heights of the upper cylindrical tube of the plasma reactor 2, specifically at least two layers, and four layers are arranged in this embodiment. Moreover, from top to bottom, the diameter of the imaginary circle arranged tangentially around an imaginary circle on the cross section of the corresponding multi-angle tangential plasma torch assemblies increases successively. Each layer of the multi-angle tangential plasma torch assemblies ejects a gas-solid mixture and forms a high-temperature zone at the corresponding position in the plasma reactor 2, and the high-temperature zone heats the carbon black particles passing through this position.

[0030] Each layer of polygonal tangential plasma torch assemblies is connected to the same powder feeding system 1, and different layers of polygonal tangential plasma torch assemblies are connected to different powder feeding systems 1, and the regenerated carbon black particle size delivered by the powder feeding system 1 connected to the upper layer of polygonal tangential plasma torch assemblies is larger than the regenerated carbon black particle size delivered by the powder feeding system 1 of the lower layer.

[0031] The regenerated carbon black to be treated is coarsely screened according to different particle sizes to obtain multi-grade carbon black particles with different particle sizes. The multi-grade carbon black particles are respectively placed in the corresponding powder feeding system 1, so that the carbon black particles enter the plasma torch from the upper layer to the lower layer of the polygonal cut-circle plasma torch assembly in the order of particle size from large to small, so as to realize layered heat treatment of different particle sizes.

[0032] like Figure 4As shown, the plasma reactor 2 further includes a top cover 21, which is mounted on the upper end of the upper cylindrical barrel of the plasma reactor 2. A series of water-cooled fins 22 are arranged on the top cover 21 facing the inside of the reactor, and the surface normal of the fin 22 is arranged at a certain angle with the axis direction of the cylindrical barrel, and the angle is between π / 6-π / 3. The lower end of the fin 22 is located at the cylindrical barrel part of the plasma reactor 2, and the end of the fin is 0.5-0.8m away from the upper part of the cross section of the uppermost polygonal cut-circle plasma torch assembly, and the surface of the fin is polished.

[0033] A connection port is provided at the lower part of the cylindrical barrel of the plasma reactor 2, which is connected to the cooling device 3. The cooling device 3 is a cylindrical water-cooling structure, in which a series of water-cooling pipes and air flow channels are arranged. The water flow direction and the air flow direction are arranged parallel to the axis of the cylindrical water-cooling structure and flow in opposite directions to each other. The axial direction of the cooling device 3 is connected to the axial direction of the cylindrical barrel of the plasma reactor 2 at an angle of π / 4-π / 3.

[0034] The gas-solid separation device 4 is composed of four parts, which are respectively a gas-solid rotating separation section, a gas-solid suspension section, a contraction section and a particle collection tank from top to bottom. A tangential gas channel is provided on the gas-solid rotating separation section, which is used to guide the upstream gas-solid two-phase flow into the gas-solid rotating separation section in the gas-solid separation device 4 for gas-solid separation.

[0035] The particle collection in this patent is composed of multiple different devices, which can capture carbon black of different purity and different particle sizes. The different devices are a high-purity nano-scale carbon black capture device composed of a series of water-cooled fins on the top cover of the plasma reactor 2, a general purity large particle capture device at the bottom of the contraction frustum cylinder of the plasma reactor 2, and a medium-purity medium-size carbon black capture device at the bottom of the gas-solid separation device 4.

[0036] The vacuum system includes a water ring vacuum pump and a circulating water tank. The circulating water tank is connected to a vacuum pipe. The other end of the vacuum pipe is connected to the gas-solid separation device 4. The vacuum pump is connected to the vacuum pipe. The dust generated by the entire system is washed with water to achieve dust-free discharge.

[0037] The implementation principle of the present application is as follows: the regenerated carbon black to be treated is artificially sieved to form several different particle size grades of powder to be treated, and the powders of different grades are fed into the plasma torch assemblies of different layers on the plasma reactor 2 through the corresponding powder feeding system. Through this design, the carbon black particles of multi-level particle sizes are subjected to layered heat treatment after entering the plasma reactor 2. Based on the arrangement of the multi-angle tangential circle arrangement of the plasma torch 5 assembly of each layer, the gas-solid mixture ejected at each level forms a rotating airflow, and the rotating airflow flows downward as a whole; and because the particle size of the original carbon black particles to be treated ejected from the upper layer is larger than the particle size of the carbon black particles ejected from the lower layer, the large-size carbon black particles flow downward until they enter the cooling device 3, passing through more high-temperature zones, and the pyrolysis and cracking time is longer, and as the particle size decreases, the carbon black particles flow downward until they enter the cooling device 3. Passing through relatively fewer high-temperature zones, thereby ensuring that the large-size carbon black particles can be fully pyrolyzed and cracked, and the original to be treated with smaller particles will not pass through too long a high-temperature zone to cause over-treatment while ensuring that they are fully pyrolyzed and cracked. After the carbon black particles are treated by plasma, they form gaseous carbon black and solid pyrolysis carbon black of different sizes. The gaseous carbon black is enriched on the fins at the top of the reactor and cooled to form nano carbon black. When the gas-solid mixture in the plasma reactor 2 flows to the inlet of the cooling device 3, the larger particles of pyrolysis carbon black fall into the first powder collecting tank, and the remaining carbon black flows further to the subsequent device with the air flow and enters the cooling device 3; after the cooling device 3 cools the incoming gas-solid mixture, the gas-solid mixture enters the gas-solid separation device 4, and the carbon black particles that meet the particle size screening of the gas-solid separation device 4 enter the particle collection tank at the bottom thereof, and the dust such as carbon black particles of other particle sizes enters the circulating water tank through the vacuum pipe.

[0038] The contents not described in detail in this application specification belong to the common knowledge of those skilled in the art.

[0039] The present application is described in detail above in conjunction with specific implementation methods and exemplary examples, but these descriptions cannot be understood as limiting the present application. Those skilled in the art understand that, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, a variety of equivalent replacements, modifications or improvements can be made to the technical solution of the present application and its implementation methods, all of which fall within the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A waste tire regeneration carbon black plasma classification and purification treatment system, characterized by: The plasma reactor (2) comprises a top cover (21), a cylindrical barrel, a conical barrel body and a first powder collecting tank, wherein the large diameter end of the conical barrel body is connected to the bottom of the cylindrical barrel, and the first powder collecting tank is connected to the small diameter end of the conical barrel body; a plurality of layers of polygonal tangential plasma torch assemblies are arranged in sequence from top to bottom on the cylindrical barrel, each layer of the polygonal tangential plasma torch assemblies comprises a plurality of plasma torches (5), the outlet end of each plasma torch (5) extends into the cylindrical barrel, the inlet end of the plasma torch (5) is located outside the cylindrical barrel, and each layer of the polygonal tangential plasma torch assemblies is provided with a plurality of plasma torches (5). The torch assembly comprises a plurality of plasma torches (5) located at the same height in the axial direction of the cylindrical barrel; the plasma torches (5) are used to heat the regenerated carbon black to be treated and to bring it into the reactor (2) together with the plasma jet for pyrolysis and cracking reaction, and the particle size of the carbon black particles ejected from the polygonal circular plasma torch assembly of different layers from top to bottom gradually decreases; the top cover (21) is installed at the upper end of the cylindrical barrel, and the top cover (21) is provided with a cooling structure for enriching the cracking products of the carbon black particles, and the side wall of the cylindrical barrel close to a section of the truncated cone barrel is provided with a gas-solid mixture outlet.

2. A waste tire regeneration carbon black plasma classification and purification treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas-solid mixture ejection direction of the multiple plasma torches (5) included in each layer of the polygonal tangential circle plasma torch assembly has a common tangential circle, and the diameter of the tangential circle is 50%-70% of the inner diameter of the cylindrical barrel.

3. A waste tire regeneration carbon black plasma classification and purification treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: From top to bottom, the diameters of the tangential circles of the multiple plasma torches (5) of the polygonal tangential circle plasma torch assembly in the direction of ejection of the gas-solid mixture increase successively.

4. The plasma classification and purification treatment system for recycled carbon black from waste tires according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The plurality of plasma torches (5) included in each layer of the polygonal tangential circular plasma torch assembly are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical barrel, and the number of plasma torches (5) included in each layer of the polygonal tangential circular plasma torch assembly is 3, 3n, 4 or 4n, where n is an integer.

5. The plasma classification and purification treatment system for recycled carbon black from waste tires according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cooling structure comprises a plurality of water-cooled fins (22) arranged on the top cover (21) facing the inner end of the cylindrical barrel, the plurality of water-cooled fins (22) are evenly distributed around the axis of the top cover (21), and along the direction of the top cover pointing to the cylindrical barrel, the surface normal of the fin (22) gradually approaches the axis of the cylindrical barrel, and the angle between the surface normal of the fin (22) and the direction of the axis of the cylindrical barrel is π / 6-π / 3; the lower end of the fin (22) is located on the side of the uppermost polygonal cut-circle plasma torch assembly facing the top cover (21).

6. A waste tire regeneration carbon black plasma classification and purification treatment system according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each layer of the polygonal tangential plasma torch assembly includes a plasma torch (5) connected to a powder feeding system (1). The powder feeding system (1) transports a gas-solid mixture into an arc chamber between the front and rear electrodes of the plasma torch (5). The gas-solid mixture is a mixture of regenerated carbon black particles and gas. The high-temperature plasma generated by the discharge between the electrodes of the plasma torch (5) heats the gas-solid mixture under the action of the internal high-speed rotating airflow, and the regenerated carbon black particles are introduced into the plasma reactor (2) along with the plasma jet through the nozzle. After that, the regenerated carbon black particles can be pyrolyzed and cracked in the plasma high-temperature zone, so that the impurity components in the carbon black are pyrolyzed and gasified, and the carbon black body is cracked to form carbon black products of various particle sizes. Each layer of the polygonal tangential plasma torch assembly is connected to the same powder feeding system (1), and different layers of the polygonal tangential plasma torch assemblies are connected to different powder feeding systems (1), and the regenerated carbon black particle size transported by the powder feeding system (1) connected to the upper layer of the polygonal tangential plasma torch assembly is larger than the regenerated carbon black particle size transported by the powder feeding system (1) of the lower layer.

7. The plasma classification and purification treatment system for recycled carbon black from waste tires according to claim 6 is characterized by: The powder feeding system (1) comprises a silo (11), a powder tank (12) and a bulking mechanism. The silo (11) contains carbon black particles that have been coarsely screened according to particle size. The bottom of the silo (11) is connected to the powder tank (12). The powder tank (12) is used to deliver the carbon black particles to the bulking mechanism. The bulking mechanism disperses the carbon black particles and delivers them to the inlet end of the plasma torch (5) through wind.

8. The plasma classification and purification treatment system for recycled carbon black from waste tires according to claim 1 is characterized by: The gas-solid mixture outlet is connected to a cooling device (3), which is a cylindrical water-cooling structure used to cool the gas-solid mixture flowing out of the gas-solid mixture outlet, and the cooling device (3) is gradually inclined upward in a direction away from the plasma reactor (2); the axial direction of the cooling device (3) forms an angle of π / 4-π / 3 with the axial direction of the cylindrical barrel of the plasma reactor (2).

9. The plasma classification and purification treatment system for recycled carbon black from waste tires according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The end of the cooling device (3) away from the plasma reactor (2) is connected to a gas-solid separation device (4), and the gas-solid separation device (4) is used to separate the gas-solid mixture.

10. A waste tire regeneration carbon black plasma classification and purification treatment system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The gas-solid separation device (4) is connected to a vacuum system, the vacuum system comprises a vacuum pump and a circulating water tank, the circulating water tank is connected to a vacuum pipeline, the other end of the vacuum pipeline is connected to the gas-solid separation device (4), the vacuum pump is connected to the vacuum pipeline, and the dust in the gas-solid separation device (4) is sucked into the circulating water tank through the vacuum pipeline for water washing and then discharged.

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