Warming flotation method for sphalerite in high altitude area

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of warming flotation, and particularly discloses a high-altitude area sphalerite warming flotation method which comprises the following steps: firstly, ore is ground and dissociated into ore pulp through a ball mill, then the ground ore pulp is graded through a cyclone, the ball mill and the cyclone form a closed cycle, and the ore pulp is separated from the ground ore pulp; the settled sand with the particle size larger than 200 meshes continues to return to the ball mill to be ground again, then the ground and classified ore pulp is fed into a heating flotation machine to be subjected to flotation, zinc rough concentrate and zinc rough tailings are obtained, the temperature of the ore pulp is 20-36 DEG C, the temperature of copper sulfate is 20-32 DEG C, and finally the zinc rough tailings are scavenged to obtain zinc rough middlings and the zinc rough tailings. The problem that the grade and the recovery rate after flotation are reduced in the high and cold low-temperature environment at present is solved. The temperature of the ore pulp and the copper sulfate is controlled through heating flotation, the floatability of useful minerals such as sphalerite in the flotation process can be improved, and therefore the flotation grade and the recovery rate are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of heated flotation, and in particular to a heated flotation method for sphalerite in high-altitude areas. Background Art

[0002] In the field of modern mining, flotation, as a key mineral processing technology, plays a vital role in separating and enriching useful minerals in ores. When the ore is mined from the ground, useful minerals and gangue minerals often coexist closely, presenting a complex mixed state. The flotation process utilizes the differences in physical and chemical properties of different mineral surfaces, especially the differences in hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, to achieve efficient separation and enrichment of useful minerals.

[0003] Temperature, as one of the important factors affecting the flotation process, plays a decisive role in the surface oxidation rate of minerals. Under different temperature conditions, the oxidation process of the mineral surface is different, which greatly affects the floatability of the mineral. Suitable temperature can promote the interaction between certain minerals and flotation agents, enhance their floatability, and improve the efficiency and effect of flotation.

[0004] However, during the winter production period, the outdoor temperature of the mineral processing plant located in the high-altitude and cold areas can drop sharply to -30-35℃. In the extremely low temperature environment, the oxidation reaction rate in the flotation process slows down, making it difficult to form active points on the surface of the mineral for combining with the reagent, thereby reducing the adsorption effect of the flotation reagent, making it difficult for useful minerals such as sphalerite to effectively attach to the bubbles and be floated out, ultimately resulting in reduced grade and recovery rate after flotation. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for heated flotation of sphalerite in high-altitude areas, so as to solve the problem that it is difficult to form active points on the surface of minerals for combining with reagents in high-altitude and low-temperature environments, thereby reducing the adsorption effect of flotation reagents, and ultimately leading to reduced grade and recovery rate after flotation.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the basic scheme provided by the present invention is: a method for heating and flotation of sphalerite in high altitude areas, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Grind the iron and zinc ore through a ball mill, add water, grind and dissociate into ore pulp, wherein the grinding particle size is 200 mesh accounting for 50-70%, and the grinding time is 8-12 minutes;

[0008] S2: The ground slurry is classified by the hydrocyclone. The ball mill and the hydrocyclone form a closed loop. The sand with a particle size greater than 200 mesh continues to return to the ball mill for re-grinding.

[0009] S3: sending the ground and classified pulp to a heated flotation machine, and adding copper sulfate, butyl xanthate and No. 2 oil for rough selection to obtain zinc rough concentrate and zinc rough tailings, wherein the pulp temperature is 20-36°C, and the copper sulfate temperature is 20-32°C;

[0010] S4: adding butyl xanthate and No. 2 oil to the zinc crude tailings for scavenging to obtain zinc crude middlings and zinc crude tailings.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: by heating flotation, the temperature of the ore pulp and copper sulfate is controlled, which effectively solves the problem that it is difficult to form active points for combining with reagents on the surface of minerals in low temperature environments at high altitudes, and can improve the floatability of useful minerals such as sphalerite during the flotation process, thereby improving the grade and recovery rate after flotation. At the same time, by heating the ore pulp, the floatability of fine-grained minerals can also be improved and the stirring time can be shortened.

[0012] Scheme 2 is the preferred basic scheme. In S1, the zinc content of the ore is 1.2-1.24%, which provides basic data for subsequent flotation and facilitates the optimization of the entire flotation process.

[0013] Scheme 3 is the preferred basic scheme. In S1, the slurry concentration during the grinding process is 55-65%. Setting the grinding concentration to 55-65% can make the ore particles have a good movement state and stress condition in the ball mill, so that the ore can be fully dissociated and the grinding efficiency can be improved.

[0014] Scheme 4 is the preferred basic scheme. In S3, the pulp concentration in the zinc roughing process is 30-40%. Controlling the pulp concentration in the zinc roughing stage is conducive to the full contact between the flotation agent and the mineral particles, and improving the collision and adhesion rate between the mineral particles and the bubbles, thereby improving the efficiency and effect of zinc roughing and obtaining a higher grade zinc concentrate.

[0015] Scheme 5 is the preferred basic scheme. In S3, the amount of flotation reagents added during zinc roughing is: copper sulfate is 245-255 g / t, butyl xanthate is 45-55 g / t, and No. 2 oil is 15-25 g / t.

[0016] Scheme 6 is the preferred basic scheme. In S4, the amount of flotation reagent added during zinc scavenging is: 5-15 g / t of butyl xanthate and 3-7 g / t of No. 2 oil.

[0017] Scheme 7 is the preferred basic scheme. The zinc roughing time is 1 to 3 minutes and the zinc scavenging time is 1 to 2 minutes. The appropriate roughing time can ensure that the useful minerals can fully react with the flotation agent and adhere to the bubbles, thereby improving the roughing effect. The shorter scavenging time can effectively recover the residual zinc minerals while avoiding excessive treatment of tailings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of a method for heating and flotation of sphalerite in high altitude areas. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Example 1

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown: A method for heating and flotation of sphalerite in high altitude areas, comprising the following steps:

[0021] S1: Grind the iron and zinc ore through a ball mill, add water, grind and dissociate into ore pulp, wherein the zinc content of the ore is 1.2%, the grinding particle size is 200 mesh, accounting for 60%, the ore pulp concentration is 60%, and the grinding time is 10 minutes;

[0022] S2: The ground slurry is classified by the hydrocyclone. The ball mill and the hydrocyclone form a closed loop. The sand with a particle size greater than 200 mesh continues to return to the ball mill for re-grinding.

[0023] S3: The ground and classified pulp is sent to a heated flotation machine, and 250 g / t of copper sulfate, 50 g / t of butyl xanthate and 20 g / t of No. 2 oil are added for roughing to obtain zinc rough concentrate and zinc rough tailings, wherein the pulp temperature is 20°C, the pulp concentration is 35%, and the zinc roughing time is 1.5 min;

[0024] S4: Add 10 g / t of butyl xanthate and 5 g / t of No. 2 oil to the zinc crude tailings for scavenging to obtain zinc crude middlings and zinc crude tailings. The zinc scavenging time is 1 min.

[0025] The overflow from a cyclone is the raw ore, copper sulfate, with a unit consumption of 250g / t, butyl xanthate, with a unit consumption of 50g / t, and No. 2 oil, with a unit consumption of 20g / t. The slurry temperature is 20°C, and the zinc rough concentrate grade is 9.67%. Butyl xanthate, with a unit consumption of 10g / t, and No. 2 oil, with a unit consumption of 5g / t, is then used for zinc rough scavenging. The final tailings contain 0.25% zinc, and the actual recovery rate of zinc metal is 80.18%.

[0026] Example 2

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown: A method for heating and flotation of sphalerite in high altitude areas, comprising the following steps:

[0028] S1: Grind the iron and zinc ore through a ball mill, add water, grind and dissociate into ore pulp, wherein the zinc content of the ore is 1.2%, the grinding particle size is 200 mesh, accounting for 60%, the ore pulp concentration is 60%, and the grinding time is 10 minutes;

[0029] S2: The ground slurry is classified by the hydrocyclone. The ball mill and the hydrocyclone form a closed loop. The sand with a particle size greater than 200 mesh continues to return to the ball mill for re-grinding.

[0030] S3: The ground and classified pulp is sent to a heated flotation machine, and 250 g / t of copper sulfate, 50 g / t of butyl xanthate and 20 g / t of No. 2 oil are added for rough selection to obtain zinc rough concentrate and zinc rough tailings, wherein the pulp temperature is 28°C, the pulp concentration is 35%, and the zinc rough selection time is 1.5 min;

[0031] S4: Add 10 g / t of butyl xanthate and 5 g / t of No. 2 oil to the zinc crude tailings for scavenging to obtain zinc crude middlings and zinc crude tailings. The zinc scavenging time is 1 min.

[0032] The overflow from a cyclone is the raw ore, copper sulfate, with a unit consumption of 250g / t, butyl xanthate, with a unit consumption of 50g / t, and No. 2 oil, with a unit consumption of 20g / t. The slurry temperature is 28°C, and the zinc rough concentrate grade is 13.5%. Zinc rough scavenging is continued with butyl xanthate, with a unit consumption of 10g / t, and No. 2 oil, with a unit consumption of 5g / t. The final tailings contain 0.22% zinc, and the actual recovery rate of zinc metal is 93.1%.

[0033] Example 3

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown: A method for heating and flotation of sphalerite in high altitude areas, comprising the following steps:

[0035] S1: Grind the iron and zinc ore through a ball mill, add water, grind and dissociate into ore pulp, wherein the zinc content of the ore is 1.2%, the grinding particle size is 200 mesh, accounting for 60%, the ore pulp concentration is 60%, and the grinding time is 10 minutes;

[0036] S2: The ground slurry is classified by the hydrocyclone. The ball mill and the hydrocyclone form a closed loop. The sand with a particle size greater than 200 mesh continues to return to the ball mill for re-grinding.

[0037] S3: The ground and classified pulp is sent to a heated flotation machine, and 250 g / t of copper sulfate, 50 g / t of butyl xanthate and 20 g / t of No. 2 oil are added for rough selection to obtain zinc rough concentrate and zinc rough tailings, wherein the pulp temperature is 36°C, the pulp concentration is 35%, and the zinc rough selection time is 1.5 min;

[0038] S4: Add 10 g / t of butyl xanthate and 5 g / t of No. 2 oil to the zinc crude tailings for scavenging to obtain zinc crude middlings and zinc crude tailings. The zinc scavenging time is 1 min.

[0039] The overflow from a cyclone is the raw ore, copper sulfate, with a unit consumption of 250g / t, butyl xanthate, with a unit consumption of 50g / t, and No. 2 oil, with a unit consumption of 20g / t. The slurry temperature is 36°C, and the zinc rough concentrate grade is 10.62%. Zinc rough scavenging is continued with butyl xanthate, with a unit consumption of 10g / t, and No. 2 oil, with a unit consumption of 5g / t. The final tailings contain 0.2% zinc, and the actual recovery rate of zinc metal is 81.86%.

[0040] In summary, when the slurry temperature is 20℃, the zinc concentrate grade is 9.67%, and the zinc recovery rate is 80.18%, which shows that when the temperature is 20℃, the various indicators of mineral processing are the worst, but with the continuous increase of the slurry temperature, when the slurry temperature is 28℃, the zinc concentrate grade is 13.5%, and the zinc recovery rate is 92.81%. When the slurry temperature is 36℃, the zinc concentrate grade is 10.62%, and the zinc recovery rate is 81.86%. After the slurry temperature continues to increase, the recovery rate shows a downward trend, which shows that the optimal slurry flotation temperature is 28℃.

[0041] Example 4

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown: A method for heating and flotation of sphalerite in high altitude areas, comprising the following steps:

[0043] S1: Grind the iron and zinc ore through a ball mill, add water, grind and dissociate into ore pulp, wherein the zinc content of the ore is 1.2%, the grinding particle size is 200 mesh, accounting for 60%, the ore pulp concentration is 60%, and the grinding time is 10 minutes;

[0044] S2: The ground slurry is classified by the hydrocyclone. The ball mill and the hydrocyclone form a closed loop. The sand with a particle size greater than 200 mesh continues to return to the ball mill for re-grinding.

[0045] S3: The ground and classified pulp is sent to a heated flotation machine, and 250 g / t of copper sulfate, 50 g / t of butyl xanthate and 20 g / t of No. 2 oil are added for rough selection to obtain zinc rough concentrate and zinc rough tailings, wherein the pulp temperature is 28°C, the copper sulfate temperature is 20°C, the pulp concentration is 35%, and the zinc rough selection time is 1.5 min;

[0046] S4: Add 10 g / t of butyl xanthate and 5 g / t of No. 2 oil to the zinc crude tailings for scavenging to obtain zinc crude middlings and zinc crude tailings. The zinc scavenging time is 1 min.

[0047] The slurry temperature was fixed at 28°C, and copper sulfate was used at a unit consumption of 250g / t, butyl xanthate was used at a unit consumption of 50g / t, and No. 2 oil was used at a unit consumption of 20g / t. The copper sulfate reagent temperature was 20°C, and the zinc rough concentrate grade was 10.67%. Butyl xanthate was used at a unit consumption of 10g / t, and No. 2 oil was used at a unit consumption of 5g / t for zinc rough scavenging. The final tailings contained 0.25% zinc, and the actual recovery rate of zinc metal was 85.62%.

[0048] Example 5

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown: A method for heating and flotation of sphalerite in high altitude areas, comprising the following steps:

[0050] S1: Grind the iron and zinc ore through a ball mill, add water, grind and dissociate into ore pulp, wherein the zinc content of the ore is 1.2%, the grinding particle size is 200 mesh, accounting for 60%, the ore pulp concentration is 60%, and the grinding time is 10 minutes;

[0051] S2: The ground slurry is classified by the hydrocyclone. The ball mill and the hydrocyclone form a closed loop. The sand with a particle size greater than 200 mesh continues to return to the ball mill for re-grinding.

[0052] S3: The ground and classified pulp is sent to a heated flotation machine, and 250 g / t of copper sulfate, 50 g / t of butyl xanthate and 20 g / t of No. 2 oil are added for rough selection to obtain zinc rough concentrate and zinc rough tailings, wherein the pulp temperature is 28°C, the temperature of copper sulfate is 28°C, the pulp concentration is 35%, and the zinc rough selection time is 1.5 min;

[0053] S4: Add 10 g / t of butyl xanthate and 5 g / t of No. 2 oil to the zinc crude tailings for scavenging to obtain zinc crude middlings and zinc crude tailings. The zinc scavenging time is 1 min.

[0054] The slurry temperature was fixed at 28°C, and copper sulfate was used at a unit consumption of 250g / t, butyl xanthate was used at a unit consumption of 50g / t, and No. 2 oil was used at a unit consumption of 20g / t. The copper sulfate reagent temperature was 28°C, and the zinc rough concentrate grade was 11.65%. Butyl xanthate was used at a unit consumption of 10g / t, and No. 2 oil was used at a unit consumption of 5g / t for zinc rough scavenging. The final tailings contained 0.17% zinc, and the actual recovery rate of zinc metal was 86.91%.

[0055] Example 6

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown: A method for heating and flotation of sphalerite in high altitude areas, comprising the following steps:

[0057] S1: Grind the iron and zinc ore through a ball mill, add water, grind and dissociate into ore pulp, wherein the zinc content of the ore is 1.2%, the grinding particle size is 200 mesh, accounting for 60%, the ore pulp concentration is 60%, and the grinding time is 10 minutes;

[0058] S2: The ground slurry is classified by the hydrocyclone. The ball mill and the hydrocyclone form a closed loop. The sand with a particle size greater than 200 mesh continues to return to the ball mill for re-grinding.

[0059] S3: The ground and classified pulp is sent to a heated flotation machine, and 250 g / t of copper sulfate, 50 g / t of butyl xanthate and 20 g / t of No. 2 oil are added for rough selection to obtain zinc rough concentrate and zinc rough tailings, wherein the pulp temperature is 28°C, the copper sulfate temperature is 32°C, the pulp concentration is 35%, and the zinc rough selection time is 1.5 min;

[0060] S4: Add 10 g / t of butyl xanthate and 5 g / t of No. 2 oil to the zinc crude tailings for scavenging to obtain zinc crude middlings and zinc crude tailings. The zinc scavenging time is 1 min.

[0061] The slurry temperature was fixed at 28°C, and copper sulfate was used at a unit consumption of 250g / t, butyl xanthate was used at a unit consumption of 50g / t, and No. 2 oil was used at a unit consumption of 20g / t. The copper sulfate reagent temperature was 32°C, and the zinc rough concentrate grade was 12.6%. Butyl xanthate was used at a unit consumption of 10g / t, and No. 2 oil was used at a unit consumption of 5g / t for zinc rough scavenging. The final tailings contained 0.23% zinc, and the actual recovery rate of zinc metal was 81.9%.

[0062] In summary, when the slurry temperature is 28°C, the copper sulfate reagent is heated. As the temperature of the copper sulfate reagent increases, the slurry temperature is 28°C, the copper sulfate temperature is 28°C, and the indicators are optimal.

[0063] Table 1. Summary of slurry temperature and copper sulfate temperature flotation data

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] By heating the ore pulp and the flotation reagent copper sulfate through the above six embodiments, it can be obtained that the flotation effect is best when the ore pulp temperature is heated to 28°C. Similarly, the flotation effect is best when the sulfuric acid reagent is heated to 28°C. Therefore, it is concluded that heating the ore pulp and the flotation reagent copper sulfate to 28°C at the same time is the optimal temperature for the flotation process in high-cold and high-altitude areas.

[0067] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the known specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several deformations and improvements can be made without departing from the structure of the present invention, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for heating flotation of sphalerite in high altitude areas, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Grind the iron and zinc ore through a ball mill, add water, grind and dissociate into ore pulp, wherein the grinding particle size is 200 mesh accounting for 50-70%, and the grinding time is 8-12 minutes; S2: The ground slurry is classified by the hydrocyclone. The ball mill and the hydrocyclone form a closed loop. The sand with a particle size greater than 200 mesh continues to return to the ball mill for re-grinding. S3: sending the ground and classified pulp to a heated flotation machine, and adding copper sulfate, butyl xanthate and No. 2 oil for rough selection to obtain zinc rough concentrate and zinc rough tailings, wherein the pulp temperature is 20-36°C, and the copper sulfate temperature is 20-32°C; S4: adding butyl xanthate and No. 2 oil to the zinc crude tailings for scavenging to obtain zinc crude middlings and zinc crude tailings.

2. A method for heating and flotation of sphalerite in high altitude areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the zinc content of the ore is 1.2-1.24%.

3. A method for heating and flotation of sphalerite in high altitude areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the slurry concentration during the grinding process is 55-65%.

4. The method for heating and flotation of sphalerite in high altitude areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the slurry concentration during zinc roughing is 30-40%.

5. The method for heating and flotation of sphalerite in high altitude areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the amount of flotation reagents added during the zinc roughing process is: copper sulfate is 245-255g / t, butyl xanthate is 45-55g / t, and No. 2 oil is 15-25g / t.

6. The method for heating and flotation of sphalerite in high altitude areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, the amount of flotation reagent added during zinc scavenging is: 5-15 g / t of butyl xanthate and 3-7 g / t of No. 2 oil.

7. The method for heating and flotation of sphalerite in high altitude areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The zinc roughing time is 1 to 3 minutes, and the zinc scavenging time is 1 to 2 minutes.

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