Riveting assembly and riveting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a riveting assembly and a riveting method in the technical field of part connection. The jacking iron rod is used for abutting against the end of a rivet rod in the reverse riveting process, the sleeve comprises two open ends, a rubber head is arranged at the head of one end of the sleeve, and an opening in the middle of the sleeve can allow the jacking iron rod to move in the axis direction. The iron jacking rod can move in the sleeve in the axis direction. In practice, a pre-riveting process is added in a riveting process, in the pre-riveting process, the jacking iron rod does not make contact with or just makes contact with the rivet rod, acting force is applied to parts near the rivet rod through the rubber head, and when a riveter acts, the rivet head is independently subjected to impact pressure from a riveting clamp, so that the riveting effect is improved. The whole rivet nest is filled in a self-adaptive deformation mode, and gaps are eliminated. The rubber head supporting mode not only can eliminate the gap between the rivet and the part and eliminate the step difference, but also can prevent the mirror surface skin from being stressed and deformed due to the fact that no jacking iron is used for supporting when the part is impacted by a riveting clamp.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of component connection, and specifically to a riveting assembly and a riveting method. Background Art

[0002] Aircraft skin refers to a dimensional component that surrounds the aircraft skeleton structure and is fixed to the skeleton with adhesives or rivets to form the aerodynamic shape of the aircraft. The skin structure formed by the aircraft skin and the skeleton has a large bearing capacity and rigidity, but its own weight is very light, and it plays the role of bearing and transmitting aerodynamic loads. After the skin is subjected to aerodynamic force, it transmits the force to the connected fuselage and wing skeletons. The force is complex, and the skin is in direct contact with the outside world. Therefore, it is required that the skin material has not only high strength and good plasticity, but also a smooth surface and high corrosion resistance. The mirror skin is a skin with higher surface quality requirements than the ordinary skin. As the name suggests, the skin surface can achieve a mirror-like reflective effect, and the skin surface cannot be scratched, bumped or deformed.

[0003] Aircraft riveting assembly is to use rivets as fasteners or connectors to rivet two or more parts together to form an integrated structure. In most cases, two parts are riveted together. In special cases, there may be more than two parts, but these are exceptions. There are standard requirements for the riveting of aircraft parts. The requirements for parts include that the gap between two riveted parts should be smaller than the gap specified in the standard. Generally, a plug gauge or feeler gauge is used to check the gap. If the plug gauge can be inserted, it means that it is unqualified and the rivet needs to be removed and re-riveted. In the riveting assembly process of aircraft structural parts, the highest requirement is the riveting of the mirror skin. In order to ensure that the aircraft has a better aerodynamic shape and reduce the air resistance generated by the friction between the aircraft surface and the air, the height difference of the rivet after riveting needs to be controlled within a very small range, generally not exceeding 0.03mm; at the same time, in order to ensure that the overall force of the mirror skin is uniform, each rivet head on the mirror skin needs to be evenly in contact with the rivet socket on the mirror skin to avoid the problem of stress concentration caused by local force on the rivet head. The stress concentration at the rivet head is very serious. When the aircraft is in flight, the rivets will be subjected to a large tensile force. If the tensile force exceeds the rivet limit, the rivet will break instantly, causing the skin to be torn off, which may cause a serious accident. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the problem that the height step difference of the rivet head and / or the gap between the rivet heads are out of tolerance in the existing skin riveting, the present invention provides a riveting assembly and a riveting method.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0006] The riveting assembly includes a push iron rod for abutting the end of the rivet rod during the reverse riveting process, and also includes a sleeve. The sleeve includes two open ends, one end of which is provided with a rubber head, and the opening in the middle of the sleeve allows the push iron rod to move along the axial direction.

[0007] In the present application, a sleeve is added, and the sleeve includes two open ends, and the top iron rod can move in the sleeve along the axial direction; and a rubber head is provided at the head of one end of the sleeve. In practice, based on adding a pre-riveting process in the riveting process, during the pre-riveting process, the top iron rod does not contact or just contacts the rivet rod, and a force is applied to the parts near the rivet rod through the rubber head, so that the rivet gun is actuated, and the rivet head is independently subjected to the impact pressure from the rivet clamp, and the entire rivet nest is filled by adaptive deformation to eliminate the gap. The use of rubber head support can not only meet the gap elimination and step difference elimination between the rivet and the part, but also avoid the deformation of the mirror skin due to the lack of top iron support when the part is impacted by the rivet clamp; the support of the rubber head can not only meet the support requirements, but also avoid damage to the back of the part, which can be said to kill two birds with one stone.

[0008] In some embodiments, a limit piece is provided on the sleeve or the top iron rod, and the limit piece can limit the axial movement of the top iron rod so that the top iron rod has a first state and a second state; in the first state, the end of the top iron rod is a certain distance away from the end of the rubber head; in the second state, relative to the first state, the top iron rod can move axially toward the end of the rubber head to complete the riveting process.

[0009] In some embodiments, the limiting member includes a pin and a bar-shaped hole, one of which is arranged on the sleeve, and the other is arranged on the top iron rod.

[0010] In some embodiments, the strip hole is a through hole that passes through the side wall of the sleeve, the pin shaft is set on the top iron rod, and the extension direction of the strip hole is consistent with the extension direction of the sleeve; the strip hole includes a first strip hole and a second strip hole, and the shortest distance between the first strip hole and the rubber head is greater than the shortest distance between the second strip hole and the rubber head.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first strip hole and the second strip hole are distributed at different positions around the sleeve, and the end of the first strip hole away from the rubber head is connected to the end of the second strip hole away from the rubber head to allow the pin to pass when the top iron rod rotates relative to the sleeve.

[0012] In some embodiments, the end of the top iron rod close to the rubber head is set as a detachable top iron head, and the distance between the end of the top iron rod and the end of the rubber head can be changed by adding gaskets of different thicknesses.

[0013] In some embodiments, a handle is provided at one end of the top iron rod away from the rubber head to facilitate an operator to apply axial force.

[0014] In some embodiments, the end of the rubber head is provided with anti-slip textures.

[0015] The present invention further provides a riveting method, using the riveting assembly in any of the above embodiments, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1, assembling parts and preparing rivet holes, countersinking the rivet holes, and implanting rivets into the rivet holes;

[0017] S2. Pre-riveting: Operator A holds the riveting gun and presses the rivet clamp against one side of the rivet head. Operator B presses the sleeve against one side of the rivet rod. The rubber head contacts the parts around the rivet rod. The riveting gun applies a pressure on the rivet head that is equivalent to 30%-45% of the impact pressure of formal riveting.

[0018] S3, formal riveting: move the top iron rod so that it abuts against the end face of the rivet rod, and the rivet gun is activated. Under the repeated impact of the rivet clamp, the rivet rod is deformed to form a pier head under the supporting reaction force of the top iron rod.

[0019] In some embodiments, a first strip hole and a second strip hole are provided at different positions on the circumference of the sleeve in the riveting assembly, the extension direction of the first strip hole and the extension direction of the second strip hole are both consistent with the extension direction of the sleeve, an end of the first strip hole away from the rubber head and an end of the second strip hole away from the rubber head are connected, the shortest distance between the first strip hole and the rubber head is greater than the shortest distance between the second strip hole and the rubber head, and an end of the first strip hole away from the rubber head and an end of the second strip hole away from the rubber head are connected;

[0020] A pin is provided on the top iron rod in the riveting assembly;

[0021] In S2, the pin on the top iron rod abuts against the end of the first strip hole on the sleeve close to the rubber head, the end of the top iron rod is at a certain distance from the end of the rubber head, and the end of the top iron rod just touches or does not touch the end surface of the rivet rod;

[0022] In S3, the top iron rod is moved and rotated relative to the sleeve so that the pin shaft enters the second strip hole through the connecting channel between the first strip hole and the second strip hole. At this time, the top iron rod can abut the end face of the rivet rod, so that under the impact of the rivet clamp, the rivet rod is deformed to form a pier head under the supporting reaction force of the top iron rod.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] A sleeve is added, and the sleeve includes two open ends. The top iron rod can move along the axis direction in the sleeve; and a rubber head is provided at the head of one end of the sleeve. In practice, a pre-riveting process is added to the riveting process. During the pre-riveting process, the top iron rod does not contact or just contacts the rivet rod. The rubber head applies force to the parts near the rivet rod, so that the rivet gun is activated. The rivet head is independently subjected to the impact pressure from the rivet clamp, and the entire rivet nest is filled by adaptive deformation to eliminate the gap. The use of rubber head support can not only eliminate the gap and step difference between the rivet and the part, but also avoid the deformation of the mirror skin due to the lack of top iron support when the part is impacted by the rivet clamp; the support of the rubber head can not only meet the support requirements, but also avoid damage to the back of the part, which can be said to kill two birds with one stone. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 A front view of the riveting assembly provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of the structure in the middle A area;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A top view of

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The cross-sectional view along the BB direction;

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of the structure of the middle C area;

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 1 axonometric drawing;

[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Axonometric drawing in the other direction;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of parts installation before riveting;

[0033] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the riveted structure;

[0034] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the force of a structure riveted by using the riveting assembly provided by the present invention;

[0035] Fig.11 for Fig.10 A magnified view of the structure in the pre-riveted state in the middle D area;

[0036] Fig.12 for Fig.10A magnified view of the structure in the formal riveting state of the middle D area.

[0037] The markings in the figure are, 1-handle; 2-counterweight; 3-top iron rod; 31-top iron head; 32-gasket; 4-grip; 5-sleeve; 51-first strip hole; 52-second strip hole; 53-axle pin; 6-rubber head; 7-rivet clip; 8-protective film; 9-mirror skin; 10-skeleton part; 11-rivet; 12-rivet socket; 13-pre-riveting front gap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0040] like Figure 1-Figure 12 As shown, the present invention provides a riveting assembly and a riveting method using the riveting assembly.

[0041] The riveting assembly includes a push rod 3 for abutting the end of the rivet rod during the reverse riveting process, and also includes a sleeve 5. The sleeve 5 includes two open ends, one end of which is provided with a rubber head 6. The opening in the middle of the sleeve 5 allows the push rod 3 to move along the axial direction.

[0042] In the present application, a sleeve 5 is added, and the sleeve 5 includes two open ends, and the top iron rod 3 can move in the sleeve 5 along the axial direction; and a rubber head 6 is provided at the head of one end of the sleeve 5. In practice, based on adding a pre-riveting process in the riveting process, during the pre-riveting process, the top iron rod 3 does not contact or just contacts the rivet rod, and the rubber head 6 applies a force to the parts near the rivet rod, so that the rivet gun is actuated, and the rivet head is independently subjected to the impact pressure from the rivet clamp 7, and the entire rivet nest 12 is filled by adaptive deformation to eliminate the gap. The use of the rubber head 6 support method can not only meet the gap elimination and step difference elimination between the rivet 11 and the part, but also avoid the deformation of the mirror skin 9 due to the lack of top iron support when the part is impacted by the rivet clamp 7; the support of the rubber head 6 can not only meet the support requirements, but also avoid damage to the back of the part, which can be said to kill two birds with one stone.

[0043] In specific practice, the top iron rod 3 can be configured to be independently set with the casing 5, and the top iron rod 3 only needs to be able to move along the axis direction of the casing 5; combined with the subsequent riveting method, the top iron rod 3 can be not installed during the pre-riveting process. After the pre-riveting is completed, the top iron rod 3 is placed in the casing 5, and the top iron rod 3 moves along the axis of the casing 5 to complete the formal riveting process. However, when the top iron rod 3 and the casing 5 are independently set, it is inconvenient for the operator to operate.

[0044] In this embodiment, a limit piece is provided on the sleeve 5 or the top iron rod 3, and the limit piece can limit the axial movement of the top iron rod 3, so that the top iron rod 3 has a first state and a second state; in the first state, the end of the top iron rod 3 is at a certain distance from the end of the rubber head 6; in the second state, relative to the first state, the top iron rod 3 can move axially toward the end of the rubber head 6 to complete the riveting process.

[0045] Here, the end of the top iron rod 3 and the end of the rubber head 6 both refer to the ends close to one side of the part during the riveting process.

[0046] The certain distance in the first state here, combined with the subsequent riveting method, means that the end of the rubber head 6 abuts the part, and the distance between the end of the top iron rod 3 and the end of the rubber head 6 should be greater than or equal to the length of the rivet 11 protruding from the part, so as to achieve the requirement in the pre-riveting, that the end of the top iron rod 3 does not contact or just contacts the rivet rod.

[0047] The second state here means that the axial movement stroke of the top iron rod 3 relative to the sleeve 5 is sufficient to complete the formal riveting process.

[0048] The switching between the first state and the second state of the push iron rod 3 is realized by adding a limiter, so as to facilitate the operation of the operator. The limiter includes various implementation modes, such as the cooperation between the pin shaft 53 and the bar hole; the limiter is realized by setting a limiter card at the end of the sleeve 5 so that the push iron rod 3 can avoid the limiter card when rotating; or the limiter card is provided in the sleeve 5 so that the limiter card can be retracted.

[0049] In this embodiment, the limiting member includes a pin shaft 53 and a strip-shaped hole, wherein one of the pin shaft 53 and the strip-shaped hole is arranged on the sleeve 5 , and the other is arranged on the top iron rod 3 .

[0050] The switching between the first state and the second state is realized by cooperating with the pin shaft 53 and the strip hole, which is convenient to implement and easy to process and set up. The axial force is transmitted to the sleeve 5 by applying an axial force to the top iron rod 3, so that the sleeve 5 supports the parts around the rivet rod.

[0051] In this embodiment, the strip hole is a through hole that passes through the side wall of the sleeve 5, the pin shaft 53 is set on the top iron rod 3, and the extension direction of the strip hole is consistent with the extension direction of the sleeve 5; the strip hole includes a first strip hole 51 and a second strip hole 52, and the shortest distance between the first strip hole 51 and the rubber head 6 is greater than the shortest distance between the second strip hole 52 and the rubber head 6.

[0052] The strip hole is set on the sleeve 5, and the strip hole is set as a through hole that penetrates the side wall of the sleeve 5. At this time, it is convenient for the operator to observe the matching state of the top iron rod 3 and the sleeve 5 to avoid misoperation. The extension direction of the strip hole is consistent with the extension direction of the sleeve 5, so as to facilitate the matching and realize the movement of the top iron rod 3 along the axis of the sleeve 5. The shortest distance between the first strip hole 51 and the rubber head 6 is greater than the shortest distance between the second strip hole 52 and the rubber head 6, so that when the pin shaft 53 is matched with the first strip hole 51, the top iron rod 3 is in the first state; when the pin shaft 53 is matched with the second strip hole 52, the top iron rod 3 is in the second state.

[0053] In this embodiment, both ends of the first strip hole 51 and the second strip hole 52 in the extension direction are closed, that is, the top iron rod 3 is located in the sleeve 5 in both the pre-riveting and formal riveting stages, and the operator only needs to fine-tune the state of the top iron rod 3 to achieve the switching of the top iron rod 3 between the first state and the second state; and in the pre-riveting stage, an axial force can be applied to the top iron rod 3, and the axial force can be transmitted to the part through the sleeve 5 through the cooperation of the pin shaft 53 and the first strip hole 51.

[0054] In some embodiments, in order to balance the force between the top iron rod 3 and the sleeve 5, the pin shaft 53 and the strip hole can be symmetrically arranged on both sides of the riveting assembly.

[0055] In this embodiment, the first strip hole 51 and the second strip hole 52 are distributed at different positions on the circumference of the sleeve 5, and the end of the first strip hole 51 away from the rubber head 6 is connected to the end of the second strip hole 52 away from the rubber head 6 to allow the pin shaft 53 to pass when the top iron rod 3 rotates relative to the sleeve 5.

[0056] In some embodiments, the first strip hole 51 and the second strip hole 52 can actually be distributed at different axial positions of the same circumferential position of the sleeve 5, but the implementation of the switching of the pin 53 between the first strip hole 51 and the second strip hole 52 is more complicated than that of this embodiment. Therefore, in this embodiment, the first strip hole 51 and the second strip hole 52 are preferably distributed at different positions of the circumference of the sleeve 5.

[0057] Furthermore, the end of the first strip hole 51 away from the rubber head 6 is connected to the end of the second strip hole 52 away from the rubber head 6, which makes it easy for the operator to move the pin 53 from the first strip hole 51 to the second strip hole 52. Figure 2 As shown, in the pre-riveting state, the pin 53 abuts against the bottom of the first strip hole 51. When the pre-riveting is completed, the operator lifts the iron rod 3 upward, and the pin 53 moves upward synchronously. When it moves to the top of the first strip hole 51, the resistance can remind the operator that the pin 53 can be moved to the second strip hole 52. Further, in this embodiment, the connecting area between the first strip hole 51 and the second strip hole 52 is implemented as an arc to facilitate the movement of the pin 53.

[0058] In this embodiment, there is a certain fitting clearance between the top iron rod 3 and the sleeve 5, so that the top iron rod 3 can slide relative to the sleeve 5 to realize the movement of the top iron rod 3 along the axial direction of the sleeve 5; the top iron rod 3 can rotate relative to the sleeve 5 to realize the movement of the pin shaft 53 from the first strip hole 51 to the second strip hole 52.

[0059] In this embodiment, the end of the top iron rod 3 close to the rubber head 6 is provided with a detachable top iron head 31 , and the distance between the end of the top iron rod 3 and the end of the rubber head 6 can be changed by adding gaskets 32 of different thicknesses.

[0060] Reference Figure 5 As shown, the end of the top iron rod 3 close to the rubber head 6 is enlarged, the top iron head 31 is implemented as a detachable structure, a gasket 32 ​​is added, and the thickness of the gasket 32 ​​is adjusted to change the distance between the end of the top iron rod 3 and the end of the rubber head 6. In combination with the top iron rod 3 not contacting or just contacting the rivet rod during the pre-riveting process, the adjustment here can make the riveting assembly adaptable to rivets 11 of different sizes and lengths.

[0061] The detachable structure of the top iron head 31 here can be realized by common detachable forms such as threaded connection or bolt connection with the main body of the top iron rod 3.

[0062] Obviously, in the implementation of the position-limiting member of this embodiment, if it is desired to configure the top iron head 31 as a detachable structure to achieve effective adjustment of the riveting process, the pin 53 should not be disposed on the top iron head 31 .

[0063] Reference Fig.10 As shown, when the thickness of the gasket 32 ​​is greater, the distance L is smaller; conversely, when the thickness of the gasket 32 ​​is smaller, the corresponding distance L is larger.

[0064] In this embodiment, a handle 1 is provided at one end of the top iron rod 3 away from the rubber head 6 to facilitate the operator to apply axial force.

[0065] In this embodiment, a counterweight 2 is further provided between the handle 1 and the top iron rod 3 to optimize the structure and facilitate construction by operators.

[0066] In this embodiment, a gripping portion 4 is provided on the outside of the sleeve 5 to facilitate operators to apply force to the sleeve 5 and prevent the sleeve 5 from slipping unnecessarily.

[0067] In this embodiment, the end of the rubber head 6 is provided with anti-skid patterns, so that the rubber head 6 can have good contact with the parts and play a supporting role for the parts; at the same time, the deformation can play an anti-skid role.

[0068] The present invention also provides a riveting method, using the above-mentioned riveting assembly, comprising the following steps:

[0069] S1, assembling parts and preparing rivet holes, countersinking the rivet holes, and implanting rivets 11 into rivet holes 12;

[0070] The details are as follows:

[0071] Assemble parts and prepare rivet holes: According to the requirements of the parts assembly process, the parts to be riveted are properly assembled and fixed on the tooling. In this embodiment, the parts to be riveted are Fig. 9 The mirror skin 9 and the skeleton part 10 shown are drilled and / or reamed step by step and deburred using standard pneumatic / electric tools and in accordance with standard drilling processes;

[0072] Countersinking of rivet holes: countersink the rivet holes with a countersinking tool and simply chamfer the junction between the rivet holes 12 and the hole wall, use airflow and cleaning agent to successively clean foreign matter on the surface of the mirror skin 9, and apply sealant to each rivet hole 12;

[0073] Install the rivet 11: implant the rivet 11 of standard specifications into the rivet socket 12, and lay the protective film 8 flat on the mirror skin 9 and fix it.

[0074] S2, pre-riveting: Operator A holds the riveting gun and places the rivet clamp 7 close to one side of the rivet head, and operator B places the sleeve 5 against one side of the rivet rod, and the rubber head 6 contacts the parts around the rivet rod. The riveting gun applies a pressure on the rivet head equivalent to 30%-45% of the impact pressure of formal riveting;

[0075] Pre-riveting is the focus of the riveting method in the present invention, and is also the focus of setting the sleeve 5 and the corresponding limiter. During the pre-riveting process, the top iron rod 3 does not contact or just contacts the rivet rod, and the rubber head 6 applies force to the parts near the rivet rod, so that the rivet gun is actuated, and the rivet head is independently subjected to the impact pressure from the rivet clamp 7, and fills the entire rivet nest 12 through adaptive deformation to eliminate the gap. The use of the rubber head 6 support method can not only meet the gap elimination and step difference elimination between the rivet 11 and the part, but also avoid the mirror skin 9 from being deformed due to the lack of top iron support when the part is impacted by the rivet clamp 7; the support of the rubber head 6 can not only meet the support requirements, but also avoid damage to the back of the part, which can be said to kill two birds with one stone.

[0076] S3, formal riveting: move the top iron rod 3 so that the top iron rod 3 abuts against the end face of the rivet rod, the riveting gun is activated, and under the repeated impact of the rivet clamp 7, the rivet rod is deformed to form a pier head under the supporting reaction force of the top iron rod 3.

[0077] In addition to maintaining the abutment of the sleeve 5 against the parts during the formal riveting process, the formal riveting process is consistent with the existing reverse riveting technology operation.

[0078] More specifically, based on the setting of the limiter in the aforementioned specific embodiment, a first strip hole 51 and a second strip hole 52 are provided at different positions on the circumference of the sleeve 5 in the riveting assembly, the extension direction of the first strip hole 51 and the extension direction of the second strip hole 52 are both consistent with the extension direction of the sleeve 5, the end of the first strip hole 51 away from the rubber head 6 and the end of the second strip hole 52 away from the rubber head 6 are connected, the shortest distance between the first strip hole 51 and the rubber head 6 is greater than the shortest distance between the second strip hole 52 and the rubber head 6, the end of the first strip hole 51 away from the rubber head 6 and the end of the second strip hole 52 away from the rubber head 6 are connected; a pin shaft 53 is provided on the top iron rod 3 in the riveting assembly.

[0079] In S2, the pin shaft 53 on the top iron rod 3 abuts against the end of the first strip hole 51 on the sleeve 5 close to the rubber head 6, the end of the top iron rod 3 is at a certain distance from the end of the rubber head 6, and the end of the top iron rod 3 just touches or does not touch the end surface of the rivet rod;

[0080] Specifically, operator A holds the riveting gun and places the rivet clamp 7 flatly and tightly on the rivet 11 to be riveted, keeping the axial direction of the rivet clamp 7 consistent with the axial direction of the rivet 11. When operating visually, it is best to align the center position of the rivet clamp 7 with the rivet 11 to be riveted; operator B holds the top iron and puts the top iron in a pre-riveted state, that is, the first state, that is, the axle pin is stuck in the first strip hole 51. At this time, the end face of the top iron rod 3 just contacts the free end face of the rivet rod, and the rubber head 6 also contacts the parts around the rivet rod. When operator B applies axial stress, most of the force will be transmitted to the rubber head 6 through the sleeve 5 to abut against the parts. The force on the rivet rod is small, or the end face of the top iron rod 3 does not contact the rivet rod at this time, so that the rivet rod is not subjected to force, see Figure 9-12 As shown in the figure, F1 refers to the riveting pressure applied by the rivet clamp 7; F2 refers to the supporting force applied by the top iron rod 3 to the end of the rivet 11; F3 refers to the supporting force applied by the annular rubber head 6 to the parts around the rivet 11. Before pre-riveting, there is a gap between the rivet head and the rivet socket 12, and there is also a gap between the rivet rod and the rivet hole, see Fig.11 During pre-riveting, pressure is applied to the rivet head by F1, so that the rivet 11 is slightly deformed to complete the gap filling. Since the top iron rod 3 does not contact the rivet 11 or just contacts the end of the rivet rod, the rivet 11 head will not be formed at one end of the rivet rod, see Fig.10As shown, at this time, since the shaft pin and the sleeve 5 are in a clamping state, there is always a distance difference of L between the end face of the top iron rod 3 and the end face of the rubber head 6, and this distance difference is used to accommodate the rivet rod. The impact pressure of riveting should be maintained at 30%-45% of the formal riveting impact pressure, because the force-bearing area of ​​the rivet 11 is small, and 30% of the rated riveting force is sufficient to eliminate the gap; excessive riveting force is applied to the rivet 11 and the mirror skin 9, and since the top iron force is not on the rivet rod, it will cause the mirror skin 9 to be stressed, and excessive riveting force may cause the mirror skin 9 to deform. Controlling the riveting force can be achieved by the operator controlling the rivet gun, or by controlling the airflow (for pneumatic rivet guns).

[0081] In S3, the top iron rod 3 is moved and rotated relative to the sleeve 5, so that the pin shaft 53 enters the second strip hole 52 through the connecting channel between the first strip hole 51 and the second strip hole 52. At this time, the top iron rod 3 can abut the end face of the rivet rod, so that under the impact of the rivet clamp 7, the rivet rod is deformed to form a pier head under the supporting reaction force of the top iron rod 3.

[0082] Specifically, after the pre-riveting is completed, the height difference between the rivet 11 and the surface of the mirror skin 9 is eliminated, and the gap between the rivet socket 12 is also eliminated, and formal riveting can be started to rivet the rivet rod into shape and form a pier head. The axle pin is adjusted to the second strip hole 52, so that the top iron rod 3 and the sleeve 5 can slide relatively freely (the effective sliding stroke depends on the length of the second strip hole 52). At this time, the force applied by the operator's right hand on the handle 1 is directly and rigidly transmitted to the top iron rod 3 and directly acts on the rivet rod; when the rivet clamp 7 provides the riveting impact force, the top iron remains stationary due to the inertia of the top iron, and under the repeated impact of the rivet clamp 7, the rivet rod is deformed under the support reaction force of the top iron rod 3 to form a pier head.

[0083] Finally, check the size of the pier head: use a gauge to check whether the size of the pier head of the rivet 11 is within the qualified range. If it is qualified, proceed to riveting the next rivet 11 until the riveting is completed.

[0084] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A riveting assembly, comprising a top iron rod (3) for abutting against the end of the rivet rod during the reverse riveting process, characterized in that: It also comprises a sleeve (5) having two open ends, one end of which is provided with a rubber head (6), and an opening in the middle of the sleeve (5) allows the top iron rod (3) to move along the axial direction.

2. The riveting assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting member is provided on the sleeve (5) or the top iron rod (3), and the limiting member can limit the axial movement of the top iron rod (3), so that the top iron rod (3) has a first state and a second state; in the first state, the end of the top iron rod (3) is a certain distance away from the end of the rubber head (6); in the second state, relative to the first state, the top iron rod (3) can move axially toward the end of the rubber head (6) to complete the riveting process.

3. The riveting assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting member comprises a pin shaft (53) and a strip hole, wherein one of the pin shaft (53) and the strip hole is arranged on the sleeve (5), and the other is arranged on the top iron rod (3).

4. The riveting assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The strip hole is a through hole that penetrates the side wall of the sleeve (5); the pin shaft (53) is arranged on the top iron rod (3); the extension direction of the strip hole is consistent with the extension direction of the sleeve (5); the strip hole includes a first strip hole (51) and a second strip hole (52); the shortest distance between the first strip hole (51) and the rubber head (6) is greater than the shortest distance between the second strip hole (52) and the rubber head (6).

5. The riveting assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first strip hole (51) and the second strip hole (52) are distributed at different positions on the circumference of the sleeve (5); an end of the first strip hole (51) away from the rubber head (6) and an end of the second strip hole (52) away from the rubber head (6) are connected to each other so as to allow the pin shaft (53) to pass when the top iron rod (3) rotates relative to the sleeve (5).

6. The riveting assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the top iron rod (3) close to the rubber head (6) is provided with a detachable top iron head (31), and the distance between the end of the top iron rod (3) and the end of the rubber head (6) can be changed by adding gaskets (32) of different thicknesses.

7. The riveting assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: A handle (1) is provided at one end of the top iron rod (3) away from the rubber head (6) to facilitate an operator to apply an axial force.

8. The riveting assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The end of the rubber head (6) is provided with anti-slip grooves.

9. A riveting method, characterized in that: Using the riveting assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: S1, assembling parts and preparing rivet holes, countersinking the rivet holes, and implanting rivets (11) into rivet holes (12); S2, pre-riveting: Operator A holds the riveting gun and places the rivet clamp (7) against one side of the rivet head, and operator B places the sleeve (5) against one side of the rivet rod, and the rubber head (6) contacts the parts around the rivet rod. The riveting gun applies a pressure on the rivet head that is equivalent to 30%-45% of the impact pressure of formal riveting; S3, formal riveting: the top iron rod (3) is moved so that the top iron rod (3) abuts against the end face of the rivet rod, the riveting gun is actuated, and under the repeated impact of the rivet clamp (7), the rivet rod is deformed to form a pier head under the supporting reaction force of the top iron rod (3).

10. The riveting method according to claim 9, characterized in that: A first strip hole (51) and a second strip hole (52) are provided at different positions on the circumference of the sleeve (5) in the riveting assembly; the extension direction of the first strip hole (51) and the extension direction of the second strip hole (52) are both consistent with the extension direction of the sleeve (5); an end of the first strip hole (51) away from the rubber head (6) is connected to an end of the second strip hole (52) away from the rubber head (6); the shortest distance between the first strip hole (51) and the rubber head (6) is greater than the shortest distance between the second strip hole (52) and the rubber head (6); an end of the first strip hole (51) away from the rubber head (6) is connected to an end of the second strip hole (52) away from the rubber head (6); A pin shaft (53) is provided on the top iron rod (3) in the riveting assembly; In S2, the pin shaft (53) on the top iron rod (3) abuts against the end of the first strip hole (51) on the sleeve (5) close to the rubber head (6), the end of the top iron rod (3) is at a certain distance from the end of the rubber head (6), and the end of the top iron rod (3) and the end surface of the rivet rod are just in contact or not in contact; In S3, the top iron rod (3) is moved and rotated relative to the sleeve (5), so that the pin shaft (53) enters the second strip hole (52) through the connecting channel between the first strip hole (51) and the second strip hole (52). At this time, the top iron rod (3) can abut the end face of the rivet rod, so that under the impact of the rivet clamp (7), the rivet rod is deformed to form a pier head under the supporting reaction force of the top iron rod (3).

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