Electrolytic machining tool for outer molded surface of annular casing

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrolytic machining tool for the outer molded surface of an annular casing. A heightening backing ring is mounted on a base; the base is fixed on the equipment turntable; one side of the connecting seat is connected with the liquid inlet cylinder, and the tool cathode is connected to the liquid inlet cylinder; the other side of the connecting base is connected to an X feeding shaft of machine tool equipment, and the molded surface of the lower end of the tool cathode makes contact with the heightening backing ring for Z-direction tool setting; the water sealing cylinder is sleeved on the base, and the sealing jacket is arranged at the joint of the liquid inlet cylinder and the tool cathode and is fixed on the side wall of the water sealing cylinder; the sealing outer sleeve is not fastened during first-time installation, so that interference and collision are prevented; a machined part is installed on the heightening backing ring and fixed through a metal pressing plate and a screw and nut, an upper cover plate and a pressing plate are placed, and then pressing is conducted through a pressing plate screw and a pressing plate nut; according to the technical scheme, the percent of pass of electrolytic machining parts can be effectively increased, the machining period is shortened, and the machining cost is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electrolytic machining of aircraft engine casings, and in particular to an electrolytic machining tool for the outer surface of an annular casing. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of aviation engine technology, various types of high-temperature alloy materials have been widely used in the field of engine manufacturing. The casing is one of the important components of the engine. It is the base of the entire engine and the main load-bearing component of the engine. The casing parts are usually made of difficult-to-cut materials such as high-temperature alloys, and are large in size and thin in wall thickness, resulting in complex surface cavity structures that have always been an important problem in the processing process.

[0003] As a special processing technology, electrochemical machining technology uses the principle of electrochemistry to "copy" the shape of the cathode tool end face to the workpiece surface in a non-contact manner. It has been applied in the processing of various difficult-to-cut materials due to its advantages such as no cutting stress during the processing, no restrictions on the processed materials, low processing costs, and high processing efficiency. However, the essential differences between electrochemical machining technology and traditional mechanical machining technology also make it impossible to directly apply the mature experience of traditional mechanical machining in terms of technology inheritance. It faces new explorations and challenges in processing cathode structures, clamping structures, and materials used.

[0004] In the electrolytic machining of high-temperature alloy casings, a common machining method is to use a block-type machining cathode to perform indexing machining on annular parts. The electrolyte flow mode usually adopts a positive flow type. Therefore, the electrolyte is an important machining medium. Ensuring the flow field state of the machining gap is of great significance to the stability of the electrolytic machining process. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a tool for electrolytic machining of the outer surface of an annular casing; the specific technical solution is as follows:

[0006] A tool for electrolytic machining of the outer surface of a ring-shaped casing, comprising a base, a heightening gasket, a sealing jacket, a connecting seat, a liquid inlet cylinder, a tool cathode, an upper cover plate, a screw, a pressure plate screw, a pressure plate, a metal pressure plate and a water sealing cylinder;

[0007] The height-increasing gasket ring is installed on the base by screws; the base is fixed on the equipment turntable;

[0008] One side of the connecting seat is connected to the liquid inlet cylinder, and the tool cathode is connected to the liquid inlet cylinder and fixed by screws;

[0009] The other side of the connecting seat is connected to the X feed axis of the machine tool equipment, and the lower end surface of the tool cathode contacts the heightening ring for Z-direction tool alignment;

[0010] The water sealing cylinder is sleeved on the base, and the stopper at the lower end of the water sealing cylinder is clamped on the base;

[0011] The sealing jacket is arranged at the connection between the liquid inlet cylinder and the tool cathode, and is fixed to the side wall of the water sealing cylinder; and the sealing jacket is not tightened during the first installation to prevent interference and collision;

[0012] The water sealing cylinder is a cylinder with a processing window, which is used for processing the tool cathode through the window. The water sealing cylinder is arranged on the base, and its relative position is fixed and sealed by the stopper and rubber sealing ring arranged at the lower end;

[0013] The processing part is arranged on the upper end of the heightening washer, and the metal pressing plate thereof is arranged on the upper end surface of the processing part through the screw rod, and the processing part is pressed and fixed by arranging a nut on the extended screw rod;

[0014] The upper cover plate is installed on the metal pressing plate through screws and nuts, and the pressing plate is installed on the upper cover plate through screws, and then pressed and fixed by the pressing plate screws and pressing plate nuts.

[0015] The preferred solution of the electrolytic machining tooling for the outer surface of an annular casing is to determine the workstation indexing of the part to be processed and the number of blocks of the tool cathode according to the machining allowance and feature requirements of the part and in combination with the subsequent machining process connection.

[0016] The described tooling for electrolytic machining of the outer surface of an annular casing has a preferred embodiment in which the design of the tool cathode surface is based on the cosΦ algorithm in the electrolytic machining process, and the final size contour of the part is offset to obtain the surface contour of the tool cathode. The graduation size of the cathode needs to be combined with the upper limit of the power supply load of the machining equipment; in the electrolytic machining of the casing, the current density of the tool cathode is usually 25 to 100A / cm2; due to the use of electrolytic positive flow machining, water outlet seams are evenly distributed on the surface, and the arrangement of the liquid outlet seams is combined with the flow field digital simulation technology to analyze the distribution characteristics of the electrolyte flow rate of each tool cathode in the gap flow channel; the liquid outlet seam is connected to a buffer cavity to ensure the uniformity of the electrolyte at the outlet.

[0017] The preferred embodiment of the electrolytic machining tool for the outer surface of an annular casing is that the liquid inlet cylinder is a circular cavity with a plurality of sealing rubber rings arranged around it, and the sealing rubber rings are used for sealing after the tool cathode is extended into the window; the liquid inlet is arranged along three sides of the outer wall of the liquid inlet cylinder; and two liquid inlets are arranged on one side;

[0018] The tool cathode moves forward while processing via the moving axis of the machine tool, and can freely extend into the water sealing cylinder during the processing to achieve a sealing effect.

[0019] The preferred embodiment of the electrolytic machining tooling for the outer surface of an annular casing is that the machining main surface of the tool cathode is made of stainless steel, the non-machining surface area is made of PEEK material and is insulated, and an electrode insulation cover is provided on the mounting plate of the tool cathode.

[0020] The preferred solution of the electrolytic machining tooling for the outer surface of the annular casing is to check the clearance around the liquid inlet cylinder on both sides of the inner and outer sides of the water sealing cylinder by a feeler gauge to keep the clearance of the liquid inlet cylinder in the sealing sleeve consistent.

[0021] The preferred embodiment of the electrolytic processing tooling for the outer surface of an annular casing is that an outlet flange is installed on the outside of the water sealing cylinder, and the adjustable water outlet on the outlet flange is connected with the drainage hole arranged on the side wall of the water sealing cylinder; the adjustable water outlet is used to discharge the accumulated electrolytic products out of the water sealing cylinder, so as to change the back pressure of the gap flow channel by adjusting the water volume.

[0022] The preferred embodiment of the electrolytic machining tooling for the outer surface of an annular casing is that the water sealing tube is made of resin material and is manufactured using 3D printing technology.

[0023] The preferred embodiment of the electrolytic machining tooling for the outer surface of an annular casing is that the main machining surfaces of the tool cathode are the left, right and front sides of the tool cathode, and the non-machining surfaces are the top, bottom and mounting plate of the tool cathode.

[0024] The working principle of an electrolytic machining tool for the outer surface of an annular casing is as follows: the electrolyte flow field between the tool cathode and the part is changed from a free scattering state to a convergent state, thereby improving the flow field state of the electrolytic machining gap flow channel, thereby improving the stability of the machining process.

[0025] When it is necessary to change the workstation, loosen the uppermost pressure plate nut and pressure plate screw, and the tool cathode returns to the initial processing position, keeping the tool cathode and the liquid inlet cylinder in the processing window. At this time, the water sealing cylinder will not rotate with the parts. According to the division arrangement of the process design of the parts to be processed, the parts are rotated to the corresponding workstation angle, and then the pressure plate nut and pressure plate screw are locked to proceed to the next workstation. If the tool cathode needs to be replaced, the tool cathode can be withdrawn from the sealing sleeve as a whole after the above-mentioned rotation division is completed, and the tool cathode can be replaced before processing.

[0026] Beneficial Effects

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0028] The cathode water sealing tool of the present invention is based on the traditional mechanical processing tool of the part blank. External components such as a water sealing tube are added by design, and a sealing matching structure of the tool cathode is designed, so that the entire structure meets the application scenarios during processing feed and station replacement. By controlling the flow of electrolyte in the processing area, the problems of short-circuit sparking and uneven distribution of electrolyte in the gap flow channel caused by unstable flow field between the processing cathode and the parts during the electrolytic processing of the casing can be greatly improved, the good conductivity of the parts during the electrolytic processing is improved, the requirements of the casing electrolytic forming processing technology are met, the qualified rate of electrolytically processed parts is effectively improved, the processing cycle is shortened, the processing cost is greatly reduced, and the reliability of the engineering application of casing electrolytic processing is guaranteed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a tooling structure for electrolytic machining of the outer surface of a ring-shaped casing;

[0030] Figure 2 This is the front view of the tool cathode liquid inlet cylinder and the connecting seat structure;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a side view of the tool cathode liquid inlet cylinder and the connecting seat structure;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the sealing jacket structure;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the tool cathode structure;

[0034] Figure 6 It is the distribution diagram of the tool cathode working surface and non-working surface;

[0035] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the water sealing cylinder structure;

[0036] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the electrode insulation cover mechanism.

[0037] In the figure: 1 is a base; 2 is a heightening gasket; 3 is a sealing sleeve; 4 is a connecting seat; 5 is a liquid inlet cylinder; 6 is a tool cathode; 7 is an upper cover plate; 8 is a nut; 9 is a screw; 10 is a pressure plate screw; 11 is a pressure plate nut; 12 is a pressure plate; 13 is a metal pressure plate; 14 is a water sealing cylinder; 15 is a processed part; 16 is a drain hole; 17 is an outlet flange; 18 is a sealing rubber ring; 19 is a liquid inlet; 20 is a processed main body surface; 21 is a non-processed surface; 22 is an electrode insulating cover; 23 is a mounting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following is combined with Figure 1-8 The present invention is described in detail, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the accompanying drawings.

[0039] A tool for electrolytic machining of an annular casing outer surface, comprising a base 1, a heightening gasket 2, a sealing jacket 3, a connecting seat 4, a liquid inlet cylinder 5, a tool cathode 6, an upper cover plate 7, a screw 9, a pressure plate screw 10, a pressure plate 12, a metal pressure plate 13 and a water sealing cylinder 14;

[0040] The height-increasing gasket ring 2 is installed on the base 1 by screws; the base 1 is fixed on the equipment turntable;

[0041] One side of the connecting seat 4 is connected to the liquid inlet cylinder 5, and the tool cathode 6 is connected to the liquid inlet cylinder 5 and fixed by screws;

[0042] The other side of the connecting seat 4 is connected to the X feed axis of the machine tool equipment, and the lower end surface of the tool cathode 6 contacts the heightening pad ring 2 for Z-direction tool alignment;

[0043] The water sealing cylinder 14 is sleeved on the base 1, and the stopper at the lower end of the water sealing cylinder 14 is clamped on the base 1;

[0044] The sealing jacket 3 is arranged at the connection between the liquid inlet cylinder 5 and the tool cathode 6, and is fixed to the side wall of the water sealing cylinder 14; and the sealing jacket 3 is not tightened when it is first installed to prevent interference and collision;

[0045] The water sealing cylinder 14 is a cylinder with a processing window, which is used for the tool cathode 6 to be processed through the window. The water sealing cylinder 14 is arranged on the base 1, and its relative position is fixed and sealed by the stopper and rubber sealing ring arranged at the lower end;

[0046] The processing part 15 is arranged on the upper end of the heightening washer 2, and the metal pressing plate 13 thereof is arranged on the upper end surface of the processing part 15 through the screw rod 9, and the processing part 15 is pressed and fixed by arranging a nut 8 on the extended screw rod 9;

[0047] The upper cover plate 7 is installed on the metal pressing plate 13 through the screw rods 9 and the nut 8, and the pressing plate 12 is installed on the upper cover plate 7 through the screw rods 9, and then is pressed and fixed by the pressing plate screw rods 10 and the pressing plate nut 11.

[0048] According to the machining allowance and characteristic requirements of the machined part 15 and combined with the subsequent machining process connection, the workstation indexing of the machined part 15 and the number of blocks of the tool cathode 6 are determined.

[0049] The design of the tool cathode 6 profile is based on the cosΦ algorithm in the electrolytic machining process. The final size contour of the machined part 15 is offset to obtain the profile of the tool cathode 6. The graduation size of the tool cathode 6 needs to be combined with the upper limit of the power supply load of the machining equipment. In the electrolytic machining of the casing, the current density of the tool cathode 6 is usually 25~100A / cm2; due to the use of electrolytic positive flow machining, water outlet seams are evenly distributed on the profile. The arrangement of the liquid outlet seams is combined with the flow field digital simulation technology to analyze the distribution characteristics of the electrolyte flow rate of each tool cathode 6 in the gap flow channel; the liquid outlet seam is connected to a buffer cavity to ensure the uniformity of the electrolyte at the outlet.

[0050] The liquid inlet cylinder 5 is a circular cavity, and is surrounded by a plurality of sealing rubber rings 18, which are used to seal the tool cathode 6 after it extends into the window; liquid inlets 19 are arranged along three sides of the outer wall of the liquid inlet cylinder 5; and two liquid inlets 19 are arranged on one side;

[0051] The tool cathode 6 moves forward while machining via the moving axis of the machine tool, and can freely extend into the water sealing cylinder 14 during the machining process to achieve a sealing effect.

[0052] The machining main body profile 20 of the tool cathode 6 is made of stainless steel, and the non-machining profile 21 is made of PEEK material and is insulated. An electrode insulation cover 22 is provided on the mounting plate of the tool cathode 6.

[0053] Use a feeler gauge to check the clearance around the liquid inlet cylinder 5 on both sides of the inner and outer sides of the water sealing cylinder 14 to keep the clearance of the liquid inlet cylinder 5 in the sealing sleeve 3 consistent.

[0054] An outlet flange 17 is installed on the outside of the water sealing cylinder 14, and the adjustable water outlet on the outlet flange 17 is connected to the drainage hole 16 set on the side wall of the water sealing cylinder 14; its outlet flange 17 is used to discharge the accumulated electrolysis products out of the water sealing cylinder, so as to change the back pressure of the gap flow channel by adjusting the water volume.

[0055] The water sealing cylinder 14 is made of resin material and is manufactured using 3D printing technology.

[0056] The machining main surface 20 of the tool cathode 6 is the left side, right side and front side of the tool cathode 6 , and the non-machining surface 21 is the top and bottom side of the tool cathode 6 and the mounting plate 23 of the tool cathode 6 .

[0057] The working principle of an electrolytic machining tool for the outer surface of an annular casing is as follows: the electrolyte flow field between the tool cathode and the part is changed from a free scattering state to a convergent state, thereby improving the flow field state of the electrolytic machining gap flow channel, thereby improving the stability of the machining process.

[0058] When it is necessary to change the workstation, loosen the uppermost pressure plate nut and pressure plate screw, and the tool cathode returns to the initial processing position, keeping the tool cathode and the liquid inlet cylinder in the processing window. At this time, the water sealing cylinder will not rotate with the parts. According to the division arrangement of the process design of the parts to be processed, the parts are rotated to the corresponding workstation angle, and then the pressure plate nut and pressure plate screw are locked to proceed to the next workstation. If the tool cathode needs to be replaced, the tool cathode can be withdrawn from the sealing sleeve as a whole after the above-mentioned rotation division is completed, and the tool cathode can be replaced before processing.

Claims

1. A tool for electrolytic machining of the outer surface of an annular casing, characterized in that: It includes a base, a heightening gasket, a sealing jacket, a connecting seat, a liquid inlet cylinder, a tool cathode, an upper cover plate, a screw, a pressing plate screw, a pressing plate, a metal pressing plate and a water sealing cylinder; The height-increasing gasket ring is installed on the base by screws; the base is fixed on the equipment turntable; One side of the connecting seat is connected to the liquid inlet cylinder, and the tool cathode is connected to the liquid inlet cylinder and fixed by screws; The other side of the connecting seat is connected to the X feed axis of the machine tool equipment, and the lower end surface of the tool cathode contacts the heightening ring for Z-direction tool alignment; The water sealing cylinder is sleeved on the base, and the stopper at the lower end of the water sealing cylinder is clamped on the base; The sealing jacket is arranged at the connection between the liquid inlet cylinder and the tool cathode, and is fixed to the side wall of the water sealing cylinder; and the sealing jacket is not tightened during the first installation to prevent interference and collision; The water sealing cylinder is a cylinder with a processing window, which is used for processing the tool cathode through the window. The water sealing cylinder is arranged on the base, and its relative position is fixed and sealed by the stopper and rubber sealing ring arranged at the lower end; The processing part is arranged on the upper end of the heightening washer, and the metal pressing plate thereof is arranged on the upper end surface of the processing part through the screw rod, and the processing part is pressed and fixed by arranging a nut on the extended screw rod; The upper cover plate is installed on the metal pressing plate through screws and nuts, and the pressing plate is installed on the upper cover plate through screws, and then pressed and fixed by the pressing plate screws and pressing plate nuts.

2. The electrochemical machining tool for the outer surface of an annular casing according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the machining allowance and feature requirements of the parts, and combined with the subsequent machining process connection, the work station indexing of the parts to be processed and the number of blocks of the tool cathode are determined.

3. The electrolytic machining tool for the outer surface of an annular casing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The design of the tool cathode profile is based on the cosΦ algorithm in the electrolytic machining process, and the final size contour of the part is offset to obtain the profile contour of the tool cathode. The cathode indexing size needs to be combined with the upper limit of the power supply load of the processing equipment; In the electrolytic machining of the casing, the current density of the tool cathode is usually 25~100A / cm2; due to the use of electrolytic positive flow machining, water outlet gaps are evenly distributed on the mold surface. The arrangement of the liquid outlet gaps is combined with the flow field digital simulation technology to analyze the distribution characteristics of the electrolyte flow rate of each tool cathode in the gap flow channel; the liquid outlet gap is connected to a buffer cavity to ensure the uniformity of the electrolyte at the outlet.

4. The electrochemical machining tool for the outer surface of an annular casing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid inlet cylinder is a circular cavity with a plurality of sealing rubber rings arranged around it, which are used for sealing after the tool cathode is inserted into the window; the liquid inlet is arranged along three sides of the outer wall of the liquid inlet cylinder; and two liquid inlets are arranged on one side; The tool cathode moves forward while processing through the moving axis of the machine tool, and can freely extend into the water sealing cylinder during the processing to achieve a sealing effect.

5. The electrochemical machining tool for the outer surface of an annular casing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machining main body profile of the tool cathode is made of stainless steel, the non-machining profile area is made of PEEK material and is insulated, and an electrode insulation cover is provided on the mounting plate of the tool cathode.

6. The electrochemical machining tool for the outer surface of an annular casing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Use a feeler gauge to check the clearance around the liquid inlet cylinder on both the inside and outside of the water sealing cylinder to keep the clearance of the liquid inlet cylinder in the sealing sleeve consistent.

7. The electrochemical machining tool for the outer surface of an annular casing according to claim 1, characterized in that: An outlet flange is installed outside the water sealing cylinder, and the adjustable water outlet arranged on the outlet flange is connected with the drainage hole arranged on the side wall of the water sealing cylinder; the outlet flange is used to discharge the accumulated electrolysis products out of the water sealing cylinder, so as to change the back pressure of the gap flow channel by adjusting the water volume.

8. The tooling for electrochemical machining of the outer surface of an annular casing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water sealing cylinder is made of resin material and is manufactured using 3D printing technology.

9. The electrochemical machining tool for the outer surface of an annular casing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main machining surfaces of the tool cathode are the left side, right side and front side of the tool cathode, and the non-machining surfaces are the top side, bottom side and mounting plate of the tool cathode.

Images