Tailgate assembly tool and assembly method

Abstract

The present application discloses a tailgate assembly tool and assembly method, which solves the technical problem of poor assembly accuracy between the tailgate and the vehicle body in the prior art. The tailgate assembly tool includes an assembly frame, a detection component, and a first tailgate adjustment component. The assembly frame is provided with a main assembly positioning pin and a secondary tailgate positioning pin; the detection component includes a detection rail, a detection slider, a detection pin, and a displacement sensor. The detection rail is provided on the assembly frame, and the detection slider is slidably connected to the detection rail along the width direction of the vehicle body. The detection pin and the displacement sensor are both connected to the detection slider. The detection pin is used to cooperate with the secondary assembly positioning hole of the vehicle body, and the displacement sensor is used to detect the distance between itself and the theoretical reference along the width direction of the vehicle body; the first tailgate adjustment component includes a main tailgate positioning pin used to cooperate with the main positioning hole of the tailgate. The main tailgate positioning pin can be movably connected to the assembly frame along the width direction of the vehicle body. The tailgate assembly tool provided by the present application improves the assembly accuracy of the tailgate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of tailgate assembly, and specifically relates to a tailgate assembly tool and an assembly method. Background Art

[0002] The tailgate of a car is a primary exterior surface and a key part of the vehicle's exterior styling. It matches the taillights, side panels, and rear bumper, and has strict requirements on clearance and surface difference, so the tailgate is generally assembled using assembly tooling.

[0003] In the related art, the main positioning holes of the side outer panels or taillights are used to locate the position of the assembly tooling, and the tailgate is also positioned using pin holes on the assembly tooling, and then the tailgate hinges are tightened to complete the tailgate assembly.

[0004] After the body-in-white and tailgate are assembled using this assembly tool, the accuracy of the two along the width direction of the body is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve the assembly accuracy of the body-in-white and the tailgate in the width direction of the body, the present application provides a tailgate assembly tool and an assembly method.

[0006] In a first aspect of the present application, a tailgate assembly tool is provided, comprising:

[0007] An assembly frame provided with main assembly locating pins for cooperating with main assembly locating holes of the vehicle body;

[0008] A detection assembly includes a detection rail, a detection slider, a detection pin, and a displacement sensor. The detection rail is provided on the assembly frame. The detection slider is slidably connected to the detection rail along the width direction of the vehicle body. The detection pin and the displacement sensor are both connected to the detection slider. The detection pin is used to cooperate with the secondary assembly positioning hole of the vehicle body. The displacement sensor is used to detect the distance between itself and a theoretical reference along the width direction of the vehicle body.

[0009] A first tailgate adjustment assembly includes a main tailgate positioning pin for engaging with a main positioning hole of the tailgate, wherein the main tailgate positioning pin is movably connected to the assembly frame along the width direction of the vehicle body;

[0010] The second tailgate adjustment component is connected to the assembly frame and is provided with a secondary tailgate positioning pin for inserting into the secondary positioning hole of the tailgate.

[0011] In some embodiments, there are multiple detection components, one of which is a first detection component and the rest are second detection components. The detection pin of the first detection component cooperates with the auxiliary assembly positioning hole of the vehicle body, and the detection pin of the second detection component cooperates with the mounting holes of other parts of the vehicle body. The main tailgate positioning pin can be movably connected to the assembly frame along the height direction of the vehicle body.

[0012] In some embodiments, four second detection assemblies are provided, and the detection pins of the four second detection assemblies respectively cooperate with two D-pillar trim mounting holes and two rear bumper bracket mounting holes on the vehicle body.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first tailgate adjustment assembly and / or the second tailgate adjustment assembly both include a transverse adjustment unit, the transverse adjustment unit including a transverse drive member, a transverse threaded rod, a transverse rail and a transverse slider, the transverse threaded rod is transmission-connected to the transverse drive member and threadedly connected to the transverse slider, the transverse rail is connected to the assembly frame, the transverse slider is slidably connected to the transverse rail, and the main tailgate locating pin and the auxiliary tailgate locating pin are respectively provided on their respective transverse sliders.

[0014] In some embodiments, when the first tailgate adjustment assembly and the second tailgate adjustment assembly both include a transverse adjustment unit, the first tailgate adjustment assembly and the second tailgate adjustment assembly both include a longitudinal adjustment unit, the longitudinal adjustment unit including a longitudinal drive member, a longitudinal threaded rod, a longitudinal slide rail and a longitudinal slider, the longitudinal threaded rod is transmission-connected to the longitudinal drive member and threadedly connected to the longitudinal slider, the longitudinal slide rail is provided on the assembly frame, the longitudinal slider is slidably connected to the longitudinal slide rail, and the transverse rail is connected to the longitudinal slider.

[0015] In some embodiments, a controller is further included, and the controller is electrically connected to the longitudinal drive member, the transverse drive member, and the displacement sensor.

[0016] In some embodiments, the detection component further includes two limit plates, which are respectively connected to the two ends of the detection slide rail, and the displacement sensor is connected to the detection slider, wherein the limit surface of one of the limit plates constitutes the Y-direction theoretical reference.

[0017] In some embodiments, a clamping mechanism for clamping the tailgate is further included. The clamping mechanism is provided on the assembly frame and includes two clamping members for clamping the inner side and the outer side of the tailgate respectively.

[0018] In a second aspect of the present application, a tailgate assembly method using the tailgate assembly tool of the first aspect is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: Slide the main tailgate positioning hole onto the main tailgate positioning pin of the first tailgate adjustment assembly, and slide the secondary tailgate positioning hole onto the secondary tailgate positioning pin;

[0020] Step 2: Insert the main assembly positioning pin of the assembly tool with the tailgate into the main assembly positioning hole of the vehicle body, and adjust the position of the detection slider of the detection assembly so that the detection pin extends into the secondary assembly positioning hole of the vehicle body;

[0021] Step 3: Determine the difference between a first distance between the displacement sensor and the theoretical reference in the vehicle body width direction and a first target value. If the first distance is greater than the first target value, adjust the Y position of the main positioning pin of the first tailgate adjustment assembly so that the Y distances between the tailgate and the vehicle body are the same on both sides.

[0022] Step 4: Assemble the adjusted tailgate to the vehicle body.

[0023] In some embodiments, there are multiple detection assemblies, one of which is a first detection assembly and the remaining are second detection assemblies. The detection pin of the first detection assembly cooperates with the auxiliary assembly positioning hole of the vehicle body, and the detection pin of the second detection assembly cooperates with the mounting hole of other parts of the vehicle body. When the main tailgate positioning pin is movably connected to the assembly frame along the height direction of the vehicle body, steps 2 and 3 specifically include:

[0024] Insert the main assembly positioning pin of the assembly tool with the tailgate into the main assembly positioning hole of the vehicle body, and adjust the positions of the detection sliders of the first detection component and the second detection component so that the detection pin of the first detection component extends into the secondary assembly positioning hole of the vehicle body, and the detection pin of the second detection component extends into the corresponding installation hole;

[0025] determining a first distance between a displacement sensor of the first detection assembly and a corresponding theoretical reference in the vehicle body width direction and a first target value, and adjusting a Y-direction position of a main locating pin of the first tailgate adjustment assembly if the first distance is greater than the first target value so as to reduce the gap between the tailgate and the vehicle body on both sides in the Y direction;

[0026] Determine the size of the second distance between the displacement sensor of the second detection component and the corresponding theoretical reference along the width direction of the vehicle body and the corresponding second target value. When the second distance is greater than the second target value, adjust the Z-direction position of the main positioning pin of the first tailgate adjustment component to make the gap between the tailgate and the vehicle body on both sides in the Y direction close.

[0027] According to an embodiment of the present application, a tailgate assembly tool is provided, which includes an assembly frame, a detection component, and a first tailgate adjustment component.

[0028] The displacement sensor of the detection component can detect the difference between itself and the theoretical reference along the width direction of the vehicle body, thereby knowing the Y-direction deviation between the actual vehicle body and the theoretical reference, and based on this, determining the adjustment direction and adjustment amount of the tailgate in the Y direction. Then, under the action of the first tailgate adjustment component, the main tailgate positioning pin drives the tailgate to adjust the Y-direction position, so that the position of the tailgate matches the actual vehicle body, thereby improving the assembly accuracy of the tailgate and the actual vehicle body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of the tailgate assembly tooling, vehicle body, and tailgate in one or more embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0030] Figure 2 Shown Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the tailgate assembly tool close to the side of the tailgate.

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a detection component in one or more embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0032] Figure 4 Shown Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the car body structure.

[0033] Figure 5 Shown Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the tailgate structure.

[0034] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a first tailgate adjustment assembly or a second tailgate adjustment assembly in one or more embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0035] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a clamping mechanism in one or more embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0036] Description of reference numerals:

[0037] 1000-Tailgate assembly tooling, 100-Assembly frame, 110-Main assembly positioning pin, 120-Tightening block, 200-Detection component, 210a-First detection component, 210b-Second detection component, 211-Detection slide rail, 212-Detection slider, 213-Detection pin, 214-Displacement sensor, 215-Limiting plate, 216-Theoretical benchmark.

[0038] 300a-first tailgate adjustment assembly, 300b-second tailgate adjustment assembly, 310-lateral adjustment unit, 311-lateral drive member, 313-lateral track, 314-lateral slider, 315-main tailgate locating pin, 316-lateral threaded rod, 320-longitudinal adjustment unit, 321-longitudinal drive member, 322-longitudinal threaded rod, 323-longitudinal slide rail, 324-longitudinal slider.

[0039] 400 - clamping mechanism, 410 - mounting plate, 420 - clamping pliers, 430 - first clamping block, 440 - second clamping block.

[0040] 2000-tailgate, 2001-primary positioning hole, 2002-secondary positioning hole, 3000-body, 3001-D-pillar trim mounting hole, 3002-rear bumper bracket mounting hole, 3003-primary assembly positioning hole, 3004-secondary assembly positioning hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present application more clearly, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0042] The X direction refers to the length of the vehicle, the Y direction refers to the width of the vehicle, and the Z direction refers to the height of the vehicle. The vehicle body is bilaterally symmetrical about the symmetry plane extending along the X direction. The body-in-white is provided with main assembly positioning holes and auxiliary assembly positioning holes. Generally speaking, the main assembly positioning holes and the auxiliary assembly positioning holes are of the same height and are both square holes. The main assembly positioning pins on the assembly tool cooperate with the main assembly positioning holes to realize the positioning of the assembly tool in the Y and Z directions of the vehicle body. The auxiliary assembly positioning holes are generally also square holes, which cooperate with the auxiliary assembly positioning pins of the tailgate assembly tool to realize the positioning of the assembly tool in the Z direction on the vehicle. The main and auxiliary cooperate, two Z-direction positioning plus one Y-direction positioning, so as to realize the Y and Z directions positioning of the assembly tool and the body-in-white; then the tailgate is assembled with the vehicle body. However, dimensional deviations may occur during the body manufacturing process, resulting in an incomplete match between the actual body and the theoretical body-in-white. For example, the spacing between the main assembly positioning hole and the auxiliary assembly positioning hole becomes larger or smaller, and the tailgate and assembly tooling are designed based on the theoretical dimensions. Therefore, when the theoretically designed assembly tooling is used to assemble the theoretically designed tailgate to the actual body with dimensional deviations, the gaps between the two sides of the tailgate along the width direction of the body and the actual body will be inconsistent. For example, the gap on the left side is larger and the gap on the right side is smaller, or the gap on the left side is smaller and the gap on the right side is larger, which reduces the assembly accuracy of the tailgate.

[0043] The first embodiment of the present application provides a tailgate assembly tool, which can ensure the assembly accuracy of the tailgate and the body along the Y direction when the body cannot reach the theoretical accuracy.

[0044] See also Figure 1 as well as Figure 2 The tailgate assembly tool 1000 includes an assembly frame 100, a detection component 200 and a first tailgate 2000 adjustment component 300a.

[0045] See also Figure 2 as well as Figure 4 The assembly frame 100 is provided with a main assembly positioning hole 3003 for the vehicle body 3000 (see Figure 5 ) to achieve positioning of the assembly jig 100 in the Y and Z directions. The assembly jig 100 is provided with a secondary tailgate locating pin for insertion into the secondary locating hole 2002 of the tailgate 2000 to achieve Z-direction positioning of the tailgate 2000. Generally, the dimension of the secondary locating hole 2002 along the width of the vehicle body 3000 is larger than the diameter of the secondary tailgate locating pin. This ensures that the secondary tailgate 2000 locating pin can be inserted into the secondary tailgate 2000 locating hole even if there is a precision deviation. In addition, when the main tailgate 2000 locating pin 315 drives the tailgate 2000 to adjust its Y-direction position, the secondary tailgate locating pin of the assembly jig 1000 can slide in the Y-direction within the secondary locating hole 2002 of the tailgate 2000, thereby achieving Y-direction position adjustment for the entire tailgate 2000.

[0046] See also Figure 3 The detection assembly 200 includes a detection rail 211, a detection slider 212, a detection pin 213, and a displacement sensor 214. The detection rail 211 is provided on the assembly frame 100. The detection slider 212 is slidably connected to the detection rail 211 along the width direction of the vehicle body 3000. The detection pin 213 and the displacement sensor 214 are both connected to the detection slider 212, so that the detection pin 213 and the displacement sensor 214 can be adjusted in the Y direction relative to the assembly frame 100. The detection pin 213 is essentially a secondary assembly positioning pin, which is used to cooperate with the secondary assembly positioning hole 3004 of the vehicle body 3000. Please refer to Figure 4The main assembly positioning hole 3003 and the auxiliary assembly positioning hole 3004 of the vehicle body 3000 generally have a certain distance in the width direction of the vehicle body. Since the actual manufactured vehicle body 3000 often deviates from the theoretical value, that is, the Y-axis position of the auxiliary assembly positioning pin and the detection pin 213 is adjustable, so that the assembly tool 1000 can be adapted to the vehicle body 3000 with low manufacturing precision. The displacement sensor 214 is used to detect the distance between itself and the theoretical reference 216. In some embodiments, the theoretical reference 216 can be a reference for the design of the entire vehicle, such as the symmetry plane of the theoretical vehicle body 3000, or the left and right boundaries of the theoretical vehicle body 3000. In other embodiments, the theoretical reference 216 can also be a reference for transferring the Y-axis reference of the design of the vehicle body 3000 to the reference on the assembly frame 100, or a reference for transferring the theoretical reference 216 of the design of the vehicle body 3000 to the reference on the detection slide rail 211. Because the displacement sensor 214 can detect the distance between itself and the Y-axis theoretical reference 216, it is equivalent to detecting the distance between the sub-assembly positioning hole 3004 of the actual vehicle body 3000 and the Y-axis theoretical reference 216, thereby determining the Y-axis deviation between the actual vehicle body 3000 and the theoretical vehicle body 3000. According to the Y-axis deviation, the tailgate 2000 is adjusted to improve the assembly accuracy of the tailgate 2000 and the vehicle body 3000 in the Y-axis.

[0047] The first tailgate adjustment assembly 300a is used to realize the Y-direction and Z-direction positioning of the tailgate 2000, as well as the Y-direction position adjustment of the tailgate 2000. The first tailgate adjustment assembly 300a includes a main positioning hole 2001 (see Figure 5 ) is matched with the main tailgate locating pin 315. Generally speaking, the main locating hole 2001 of the tailgate 2000 is a circular hole. The circular main locating hole 2001 cooperates with the main tailgate locating pin 315 to realize the positioning of the tailgate 2000 in the Y and Z directions of the assembly tool 1000. The main tailgate locating pin 315 can be movably connected to the assembly frame 100 along the width direction of the vehicle body 3000, so the Y-direction position of the tailgate 2000 in the assembly tool 1000 can be adjusted.

[0048] From the above content, it can be seen that the assembly accuracy of the tailgate 2000 and the body 3000 in the Y direction on the assembly tool 1000 can be judged based on the Y-direction spacing detected by the displacement sensor 214, that is, whether the gaps between the first side and the second side of the tailgate 2000 and the body 3000 along the Y direction are the same. If the gaps on both sides are different, the position of the tailgate 2000 along the Y direction can be adjusted by the first tailgate adjustment component 300a so that the gaps between the first side and the second side and the body 3000 are close or even the same, thereby improving the assembly accuracy of the tailgate 2000 and the body 3000.

[0049] Please continue reading Figure 3The detection component 200 also includes two limit plates 215, which are respectively connected to the two ends of the detection slide rail 211. The displacement sensor 214 is connected to the detection slider 212, and the limit surface of one of the limit plates 215 constitutes the Y-axis theoretical reference 216. The limit plate 215 can limit the detection slider 212 to prevent the detection slider 212 from sliding out of the limit plate 215. At the same time, the limit plate 215 can also serve as the Y-axis theoretical reference 216. The displacement sensor 214 can detect the distance between the limit plate 215 and itself, thereby providing data support for the position adjustment of the tailgate 2000. The limit plate 215 here can be either an absolute Y-axis theoretical reference 216, or the Y-axis theoretical reference 216 of the vehicle body 3000 can be transferred to the limit plate 215 for easy measurement. In other embodiments, a reference plate may be provided on the assembly jig 100 as the Y-axis theoretical reference 216. The reference plate may be positioned at the same position as the plane of symmetry of the theoretical vehicle body 3000 or at the same position as a boundary of the theoretical vehicle body 3000 along the Y-axis, thereby determining the Y-axis deviation between the actual vehicle body 3000 and the theoretical vehicle body 3000. In still other embodiments, if the position of the displacement sensor 214 corresponds to the position of the detection pin 213, the detection pin 213 may also serve as the Y-axis theoretical reference 216.

[0050] In some embodiments, the detection component 200 is provided in plurality. Among the plurality of the detection components 200, see Figure 2, one of which is a first detection component 210a, and the remaining is a second detection component 210b. The detection pin 213 of the first detection component 210a cooperates with the auxiliary assembly positioning hole 3004 of the vehicle body 3000, and the detection pin 213 of the second detection component 210b cooperates with the mounting holes of other parts of the vehicle body 3000. The main tailgate positioning pin 315 is movably connected to the assembly frame 100 along the height direction of the vehicle body 3000. The aperture of the mounting hole is larger than the diameter of the detection pin 213, so that the detection pin 213 can extend into the mounting hole. Generally speaking, the main assembly positioning hole 3003 and the auxiliary assembly positioning hole 3004 of the vehicle body 3000 are both located in the middle of its height direction. Therefore, the displacement sensor 214 of the first detection component 210a can detect the deviation between the middle position of the vehicle body 3000 in the height direction and the theoretical value, and thus adjust the position of the tailgate 2000 according to the deviation so that the gap between the tailgate 2000 and the vehicle body 3000 on both sides of the middle position in the height direction is close. The remaining second detection assemblies 210b can be divided into two groups, one located on the first side and the other on the second side. The second detection assemblies 210b on each side are arranged sequentially along the height direction. This allows the Y-axis deviation between the position and size of other parts of the vehicle body 3000 and the theoretical value to be determined. The height of the main tailgate locating pins 315 is then adjusted based on this Y-axis deviation, thereby adjusting the posture of the tailgate 2000. This ensures that the gaps between the two sides of the tailgate 2000 and the vehicle body 3000 are close or even the same, further improving the assembly accuracy of the tailgate 2000 with the actual vehicle body 3000. In other embodiments, only the first detection assembly 210a can be provided, which can still improve the assembly accuracy of the tailgate 2000 with the actual vehicle body 3000.

[0051] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 The second detection assembly 210b includes four detection pins 213, each of which engages with two D-pillar trim mounting holes 3001 and two rear bumper bracket mounting holes 3002 on the vehicle body 3000. The detection pins 213 use the existing D-pillar trim mounting holes 3001 and rear bumper bracket mounting holes 3002 on the vehicle body 3000 as the detection targets to detect the Y-axis deviation between the actual vehicle body 3000 and the theoretical vehicle body 3000. In other embodiments, the second detection assembly 210b may also include two detection pins 213, each of which engages with two D-pillar trim mounting holes 3001. The detection pins 213 use only the existing D-pillar trim mounting holes 3001 on the vehicle body 3000 as the detection targets to detect the Y-axis deviation between the actual vehicle body 3000 and the theoretical vehicle body 3000. In some other embodiments, the detection pin 213 of the second detection component 210b can also cooperate with the taillight mounting hole to detect the Y-direction deviation value between the actual body 3000 and the theoretical body 3000, taking the taillight mounting hole on the body 3000 as the object.

[0052] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 The tailgate assembly tool 1000 also includes a second tailgate adjustment component 300b connected to the assembly frame 100. The second tailgate adjustment component 300b and the first tailgate adjustment component 300a are arranged in sequence along the width direction of the vehicle body 3000. The first tailgate adjustment component 300a and the second tailgate adjustment component 300b can both serve as structures for adjusting the position of the tailgate 2000 on the assembly frame 100.

[0053] In some embodiments, see Figure 6 The first tailgate adjustment assembly 300a and / or the second tailgate adjustment assembly 300b each include a transverse adjustment unit 310. The transverse adjustment unit 310 includes a transverse drive 311, a transverse threaded rod 316, a transverse rail 313, and a transverse slider 314. The transverse threaded rod 316 is drivingly connected to the transverse drive 311 and threadedly connected to the transverse slider 314. The transverse rail 313 is connected to the assembly frame 100, and the transverse slider 314 is slidably connected to the transverse rail 313. The main tailgate locating pin 315 and the auxiliary tailgate locating pin are respectively provided on the respective transverse sliders 314. The transverse drive 311 can be a motor. Its rotation drives the transverse threaded rod 316 to rotate, thereby driving the transverse slider 314 to move along the transverse rail, driving the main tailgate locating pin 315 and / or the auxiliary tailgate locating pin to move in the Y direction, thereby adjusting the Y-axis position of the tailgate 2000. In other embodiments, the lateral adjustment unit 310 can also be a telescopic part connected to the assembly frame 100, and the main tailgate locating pin 315 and the auxiliary tailgate locating pin are respectively arranged at the telescopic ends of their respective telescopic parts, and the main tailgate locating pin 315 and / or the auxiliary tailgate locating pin can also be moved along the Y direction, thereby realizing the Y-direction position adjustment of the tailgate 2000.

[0054] In some embodiments, when both the first tailgate adjustment assembly 300a and the second tailgate adjustment assembly 300b include a lateral adjustment unit 310, see Figure 6Both the first tailgate adjustment assembly 300a and the second tailgate adjustment assembly 300b include a longitudinal adjustment unit 320, which includes a longitudinal drive member 321, a longitudinal threaded rod 322, a longitudinal slide rail 323, and a longitudinal slider 324. The longitudinal threaded rod 322 is drivingly connected to the longitudinal drive member 321 and threadedly connected to the longitudinal slider 324. The longitudinal slide rail 323 is provided on the assembly frame 100, the longitudinal slider 324 is slidably connected to the longitudinal slide rail 323, and the transverse rail 313 is connected to the longitudinal slider 324. In other words, the longitudinal adjustment unit 320 is mounted on the assembly frame 100, and the longitudinal slider 324 can drive the transverse adjustment unit 310 to be raised or lowered as a whole, thereby driving the main tailgate locating pin 315 and / or the auxiliary tailgate locating pin to move in the Z direction, thereby achieving Z-direction position adjustment of the tailgate 2000 at different positions along the width direction. Because the first tailgate adjustment assembly 300a and the second tailgate adjustment assembly 300b are positioned differently, the two structures cooperate to enable the tailgate 2000 to be raised on the left and lowered on the right, or lowered on the left and raised on the right, thereby adjusting the posture of the tailgate 2000 to match the actual vehicle body 3000, which is similar to a parallelogram shape, and improving the assembly accuracy of the tailgate 2000 to the actual vehicle body 3000. In other embodiments, the longitudinal adjustment unit 320 can also be implemented using a longitudinal telescopic member, such as a cylinder, with the fixed end of the longitudinal telescopic member mounted on the assembly frame 100 and the telescopic end connected to the transverse adjustment unit 310. This can also enable the main tailgate locating pin 315 and / or the auxiliary tailgate locating pin to move along the Z direction, thereby adjusting the Z-direction position of the tailgate 2000.

[0055] In some embodiments, the tailgate assembly tool 1000 may further include a controller electrically connected to the longitudinal drive member 321, the transverse drive member 311, and the displacement sensor 214 to automatically adjust the position and posture of the tailgate 2000. In other embodiments, the longitudinal drive member 321 and the transverse drive member 311 may be manually activated during the assembly process based on data displayed by the displacement sensor 214 to adjust the position and posture of the tailgate 2000.

[0056] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 The tailgate assembly tool 1000 further includes a clamping mechanism 400 for clamping the tailgate 2000. The clamping mechanism 400 is provided on the assembly frame 100 and is provided with clamping members for clamping the inner and outer sides of the tailgate 2000, respectively, so as to achieve clamping of the tailgate 2000 and the assembly tool 1000 along the X-direction. Figure 7The clamping mechanism 400 may further include a mounting plate 410 and a clamping pliers 420. The mounting plate 410 is provided on the assembly frame 100. The two clamping members are a first clamping block 430 and a second clamping block 440. The fixed end of the clamping pliers 420 and the first clamping block 430 are both mounted on the mounting plate 410. The movable end of the clamping pliers 420 is connected to the second clamping block 440. The second clamping block 440 approaches or moves away from the first clamping block 430 under the action of the clamping pliers 420. When the second clamping block 440 approaches the first clamping block 430, the tailgate 2000 is clamped between the first clamping block 430 and the second clamping block 440. This clamping pliers 420 type clamping mechanism 400 is easy to clamp and remove, and has high work efficiency. The clamping pliers 420 may be manual clamps, and the first clamping block 430 and the second clamping block 440 may be provided with a rubber layer, or the first clamping block 430 and the second clamping block 440 themselves may be elastic rubber blocks to avoid hitting the tailgate 2000. In other embodiments, the clamping mechanism 400 may further include a bent arm and a threaded rod, wherein one end of the bent arm is connected to the assembly frame 100 and the other end is provided with a threaded hole, one end of the threaded rod is threadedly connected to the threaded hole, and the other end is connected to one of the clamping members to press against the inner side of the tailgate 2000, and the other clamping member is mounted on the assembly frame 100 and presses against the outer side of the tailgate 2000. By rotating the threaded rod, the two clamping members are moved closer to or farther away from each other, thereby achieving the pressing or separation of the tailgate 2000.

[0057] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 The clamping mechanisms 400 may be provided in plurality, for example, four, two on the upper side and two on the lower side, or six, two on the upper side and two on the lower side, one on each side of the width direction of the tailgate 2000. The plurality of clamping mechanisms 400 are provided at intervals on the assembly frame 100 to achieve X-direction limited clamping at multiple positions of the tailgate 2000, thereby improving the clamping stability between the tailgate 2000 and the tailgate assembly tooling 1000.

[0058] In some embodiments, the assembly frame 100 is provided with a pressing surface for pressing against the X-direction positioning surface of the vehicle body 3000 to achieve X-direction positioning of the assembly tool 1000 and the vehicle body 3000, thereby achieving X-direction positioning of the tailgate 2000 and the vehicle body 3000. For specific implementation, please refer to Figure 2 A plurality of pressing blocks 120 may be provided on the assembly frame 100 . The pressing blocks 120 are provided with pressing surfaces. The plurality of pressing blocks 120 are distributed at intervals and pressed against the X-direction positioning surface of the body-in-white 3000 .

[0059] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application provides an assembly method of the tailgate assembly tool 1000 using any implementation method of the first aspect.

[0060] The assembly method comprises the following steps:

[0061] Step 1: Attach the main positioning hole 2001 of the tailgate 2000 to the main tailgate positioning pin 315 of the first tailgate adjustment assembly 300a, and attach the secondary positioning hole 2002 to the secondary tailgate positioning pin, so that the tailgate 2000 and the assembly tool 1000 are positioned in the Y and Z directions.

[0062] Step 2: Insert the primary assembly positioning pin 110 of the assembly tool 1000 with the tailgate 2000 into the primary assembly positioning hole 3003 of the vehicle body 3000, and adjust the position of the detection slider 212 of the detection assembly 200 so that the detection pin 213 extends into the secondary assembly positioning hole 3004 of the vehicle body 3000, thereby achieving Y- and Z-axis positioning of the assembly tool 1000 and the vehicle body 3000.

[0063] Step 3: Determine the difference between a first distance between the displacement sensor 214 and the theoretical reference 216 along the width direction of the vehicle body 3000 and a first target value. If the first distance is greater than the first target value, adjust the Y-position of the main positioning pin of the first tailgate adjustment assembly 300a so that the Y-direction distances between the tailgate 2000 and the vehicle body 3000 are the same on both sides.

[0064] Step 4: Assemble the tailgate 2000 after adjusting its position to the vehicle body 3000 .

[0065] In actual operation, after step 1 is completed, the tailgate 2000 may be pre-clamped by the clamping mechanism 400 to prevent the tailgate 2000 from falling off the assembly jig 100. During step 2, the assembly jig 1000 is brought together with the vehicle body 3000 and pressed against the vehicle body 3000 in the X-direction. That is, the pressing block 120 presses against the X-direction positioning surface of the vehicle body 3000 to achieve X-direction positioning of the assembly jig 1000.

[0066] Because the Y-axis distance between displacement sensor 214 and theoretical reference 216 indicates whether the actual width of vehicle body 3000 is larger or smaller than the theoretical width of vehicle body 3000, it can be used to determine whether tailgate 2000 should be moved left or right. By adjusting the Y-axis position of tailgate 2000, the distance between tailgate 2000 and both sides of the actual width of vehicle body 3000 is close to, or even equal to, that of the actual width. The magnitude of the first target value can be determined based on the assembly accuracy requirements of tailgate 2000 and vehicle body 3000 and the selection of theoretical reference 216, and this is not a limitation of this application.

[0067] In some embodiments, a plurality of detection assemblies 200 are provided, wherein one of the plurality of detection assemblies 200 is a first detection assembly 210a and the remaining are second detection assemblies 210b. The detection pin 213 of the first detection assembly 210a cooperates with the auxiliary assembly positioning hole 3004 of the vehicle body 3000, and the detection pin 213 of the second detection assembly 210b cooperates with the mounting holes of other parts of the vehicle body 3000. When the main tailgate positioning pin 315 is movably connected to the assembly frame 100 along the height direction of the vehicle body 3000, steps 2 and 3 specifically include:

[0068] Insert the main assembly positioning pin 110 of the assembly tool 1000 with the tailgate 2000 into the main assembly positioning hole 3003 of the vehicle body 3000, and adjust the positions of the detection sliders 212 of the first detection component 210a and the second detection component 210b so that the detection pin 213 of the first detection component 210a is inserted into the secondary assembly positioning hole 3004 of the vehicle body 3000, and the detection pin 213 of the second detection component 210b is inserted into the corresponding installation hole;

[0069] Determine the difference between a first distance along the width direction of the vehicle body 3000 between the displacement sensor 214 of the first detection assembly 210a and the corresponding theoretical reference 216 and a first target value. If the first distance is greater than the first target value, adjust the Y-direction position of the main positioning pin of the first tailgate adjustment assembly 300a to reduce the gap between the tailgate 2000 and the vehicle body 3000 in the Y direction.

[0070] Determine the second spacing between the displacement sensor 214 of the second detection component 210b and the corresponding theoretical reference 216 along the width direction of the vehicle body 3000 and the size of the corresponding second target value. When the second spacing is greater than the second target value, adjust the Z-direction position of the main positioning pin of the first tailgate adjustment component 300a to make the gap between the tailgate 2000Y and the vehicle body 3000 on both sides close.

[0071] When the tailgate assembly tool 1000 can detect the Y-direction deviation between the actual vehicle body 3000 and the theoretical vehicle body 3000 at multiple positions from top to bottom of the vehicle body 3000, the Y-direction deviation value at the top, the middle, and the bottom of the actual vehicle body 3000 may be different. For example, when observed from the rear of the vehicle, the outline of the actual vehicle body 3000 appears as a parallelogram relative to the theoretical vehicle body 3000, or the outline of the actual vehicle body 3000 appears as a regular trapezoid, an inverted trapezoid, or a right-angled trapezoid relative to the theoretical vehicle body 3000. At this time, the Y-direction position of the tailgate 2000 can be adjusted first, that is, step 3.1. The tailgate 2000 is then adjusted based on the deviations above and below the actual vehicle body 3000. For example, by activating the longitudinal drive member 321 of the first tailgate adjustment assembly 300a, the primary tailgate locating pin 315 is raised, thereby causing the primary tailgate locating pin 315 of the tailgate 2000 to rotate and rise around the secondary tailgate locating pin, so that the tailgate 2000 also assumes a shape that matches or approximates the actual vehicle body 3000, corresponding to step 3.2. This method of first adjusting the tailgate 2000 in the Z direction and then performing rotational position adjustment simplifies the adjustment process and ensures the matching accuracy between the actual vehicle body 3000 and the tailgate 2000 after adjustment.

[0072] The following describes the adjustment process of the tailgate 2000 based on the first spacing and the second spacing for three situations of the actual vehicle body 3000.

[0073] The first case: the actual vehicle body 3000 is a rectangle or an isosceles trapezoid, and the spacing between the main assembly positioning holes 3003 and the auxiliary assembly positioning holes 3004 of the actual vehicle body 3000 is greater than the theoretical spacing, that is, the actual vehicle body 3000 is wider than the theoretical vehicle body 3000. During assembly, the tailgate 2000 may be biased to the left relative to the actual vehicle body 3000. Then, by adjusting the Y position of the tailgate 2000, the tailgate 2000 is placed in the middle of the vehicle body 3000, and the distance between the two sides of the tailgate 2000 and the boundary of the vehicle body 3000 is the same.

[0074] The second situation: the actual vehicle body 3000 is a parallelogram. Through the data of multiple displacement sensors 214, it can be determined that the actual vehicle body 3000 is a parallelogram relative to the theoretical vehicle body 3000. At this time, the Y position of the tailgate 2000 is first adjusted according to the first spacing, and then the main tailgate positioning pin 315 is raised, and / or the auxiliary tailgate positioning pin is lowered, so that the tailgate 2000 is slightly rotated to match the parallelogram of the actual vehicle body 3000.

[0075] The third case: the actual vehicle body 3000 is a right-angled trapezoid. First, the Y position of the tailgate 2000 is adjusted according to the first spacing, and then the main tailgate positioning pin 315 is raised and / or the auxiliary tailgate positioning pin is lowered, wherein the upper right corner position is adjusted by 1 mm more.

[0076] In the fourth case, the actual vehicle body 3000 presents a quasi-inverted direct trapezoid. First, the Y position of the tailgate 2000 is adjusted according to the first spacing, and then the main tailgate positioning pin 315 is raised and / or the auxiliary tailgate positioning pin is lowered, wherein the lower right corner position is adjusted by 1 mm more.

[0077] It should be noted that when the transverse driving member 311 and the longitudinal driving member 321 in the assembly tool 1000 are in the initial state, the positions of the main tailgate locating pin 315 and the auxiliary tailgate locating pin are completely corresponding to the positions of the theoretical vehicle body 3000 and the theoretical tailgate 2000.

[0078] The tailgate assembly tool 1000 and assembly method provided in the present application are configured to set a first detection component 210a, with the detection pin of the first detection component 210a serving as a sub-assembly positioning pin. The position of the boundary of the actual vehicle body close to the sub-assembly positioning pin side relative to the boundary of the theoretical vehicle body is determined by the measurement data of the displacement sensor of the first detection component 210a, thereby determining the deviation of the tailgate 2000 in the width direction relative to the actual vehicle body. When the deviation is too large, the tailgate 2000 is adjusted in the left and right directions by the first tailgate adjustment component 300a, so that the tailgate 2000 matches the actual vehicle body, realizing self-adaptive assembly of the tailgate 2000 and the actual vehicle body 3000, improving the assembly accuracy of the tailgate 2000 and the vehicle body 3000, and simultaneously providing real-time feedback on the accuracy data of the actual vehicle body 3000, providing data support for the debugging of the vehicle body 3000 production line, saving subsequent rework time, and greatly improving production efficiency.

[0079] By setting up multiple second detection components 210b, the positions of the upper and lower boundaries of the actual vehicle body relative to the theoretical vehicle body boundaries are determined, thereby determining the width deviation of the tailgate 2000 relative to the upper and lower sides of the actual vehicle body. When the deviation is too large, the tailgate 2000 is adjusted up and down by the first tailgate adjustment component 300a and / or the second tailgate adjustment component 300b, so that the tailgate 2000 matches the actual vehicle body, thereby achieving self-adaptive assembly of the tailgate 2000 and the actual vehicle body 3000 and improving the assembly accuracy of the tailgate 2000 and the vehicle body 3000.

[0080] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0081] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise" and "counterclockwise" indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0082] In this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connect," "fix," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, "fix" can mean fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; it can mean mechanical connection or electrical connection; it can mean direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0083] In addition, the terms "first," "second," and so on, used in this application are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0084] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and intent of the present application, and that the scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tailgate assembly tool, characterized in that: include: An assembly frame is provided with a main assembly positioning pin for cooperating with the main assembly positioning hole of the vehicle body and a secondary tailgate positioning pin for inserting into the secondary positioning hole of the tailgate; A detection assembly includes a detection rail, a detection slider, a detection pin, and a displacement sensor. The detection rail is provided on the assembly frame. The detection slider is slidably connected to the detection rail along the width direction of the vehicle body. The detection pin and the displacement sensor are both connected to the detection slider. The displacement sensor is used to detect the distance between itself and a theoretical reference along the width direction of the vehicle body. The detection assembly is provided in plurality, one of the plurality of detection assemblies being a first detection assembly and the remaining being second detection assemblies. The detection pin of the first detection assembly cooperates with the auxiliary assembly positioning hole of the vehicle body, and the detection pin of the second detection assembly cooperates with the D-pillar trim mounting hole and / or the rear bumper bracket mounting hole of the vehicle body. The first tailgate adjustment assembly includes a main tailgate positioning pin for cooperating with the main positioning hole of the tailgate, the main tailgate positioning pin is movably connected to the assembly frame along the width direction of the vehicle body, and the main tailgate positioning pin is movably connected to the assembly frame along the height direction of the vehicle body.

2. The tailgate assembly tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are four second detection components, and the four detection pins of the second detection components are respectively matched with the two D-pillar trim mounting holes and the two rear bumper bracket mounting holes on the vehicle body.

3. The tailgate assembly tool according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: It also includes a second tailgate adjustment component connected to the assembly frame, the first tailgate adjustment component and / or the second tailgate adjustment component both include a transverse adjustment unit, the transverse adjustment unit includes a transverse drive member, a transverse threaded rod, a transverse rail and a transverse slider, the transverse threaded rod is transmission-connected to the transverse drive member and threadedly connected to the transverse slider, the transverse rail is connected to the assembly frame, the transverse slider is slidably connected to the transverse rail, and the main tailgate locating pin and the auxiliary tailgate locating pin are respectively provided on their respective transverse sliders.

4. The tailgate assembly tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the case where both the first tailgate adjustment assembly and the second tailgate adjustment assembly include a transverse adjustment unit, both the first tailgate adjustment assembly and the second tailgate adjustment assembly include a longitudinal adjustment unit, and the longitudinal adjustment unit includes a longitudinal driving member, a longitudinal threaded rod, a longitudinal slide rail and a longitudinal slider, the longitudinal threaded rod is transmission-connected to the longitudinal driving member and threadedly connected to the longitudinal slider, the longitudinal slide rail is provided on the assembly frame, the longitudinal slider is slidably connected to the longitudinal slide rail, and the transverse rail is connected to the longitudinal slider.

5. The tailgate assembly tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the longitudinal drive member, the transverse drive member and the displacement sensor.

6. The tailgate assembly tool according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: The detection assembly further includes two limit plates, which are respectively connected to the two ends of the detection slide rail. The displacement sensor is connected to the detection slider, and the limit surface of one of the limit plates constitutes the theoretical reference.

7. The tailgate assembly tool according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: The assembly also includes a clamping mechanism for clamping the tailgate. The clamping mechanism is arranged on the assembly frame and is provided with two clamping members for clamping the inner side and the outer side of the tailgate respectively.

8. A tailgate assembly method using the tailgate assembly tool according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Slide the main tailgate positioning hole onto the main tailgate positioning pin of the first tailgate adjustment assembly, and slide the secondary tailgate positioning hole onto the secondary tailgate positioning pin; Step 2: Insert the main assembly positioning pin of the assembly tool with the tailgate into the main assembly positioning hole of the vehicle body, and adjust the position of the detection slider of the detection assembly so that the detection pin extends into the secondary assembly positioning hole of the vehicle body; Step 3: Determine the difference between a first distance between the displacement sensor and the theoretical reference in the vehicle body width direction and a first target value. If the first distance is greater than the first target value, adjust the Y position of the main positioning pin of the first tailgate adjustment assembly so that the Y distances between the tailgate and the vehicle body are the same on both sides. Step 4: Assemble the adjusted tailgate to the vehicle body.

9. The tailgate assembly method of the tailgate assembly tool according to claim 8, characterized in that: Steps 2 and 3 specifically include: Insert the main assembly positioning pin of the assembly tool with the tailgate into the main assembly positioning hole of the vehicle body, and adjust the positions of the detection sliders of the first detection component and the second detection component so that the detection pin of the first detection component extends into the secondary assembly positioning hole of the vehicle body, and the detection pin of the second detection component extends into the corresponding installation hole; determining a first distance between a displacement sensor of the first detection assembly and a corresponding theoretical reference in the vehicle body width direction and a first target value, and adjusting a Y-direction position of a main locating pin of the first tailgate adjustment assembly if the first distance is greater than the first target value so as to reduce the gap between the tailgate and the vehicle body on both sides in the Y direction; Determine the size of the second distance between the displacement sensor of the second detection component and the corresponding theoretical reference along the width direction of the vehicle body and the corresponding second target value. When the second distance is greater than the second target value, adjust the Z-direction position of the main positioning pin of the first tailgate adjustment component to make the gap between the tailgate and the vehicle body on both sides in the Y direction close.

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