Fixed axial force construction tool

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bolt loosening and tightening devices, in particular to a fixed axial force construction tool which comprises a working head provided with a working hole; the clamping assembly comprises a mounting ring, an adjusting mechanism, a clamping block and a locking mechanism; the rotating assembly comprises a vibration balance mechanism and a hydraulic loading mechanism; the detection assembly comprises a feedback mechanism and a control mechanism; through the arrangement of the clamping assembly, the device can be suitable for the tightening working condition and the unscrewing working condition of bolts of different sizes; through the arrangement of the vibration balance mechanism, when the adjusting push rod in the adjusting mechanism is adjusted, the supporting force of the clamping block is adjusted according to the elongation of the adjusting push rod, so that the stability of the clamping block and the adjusting push rod is guaranteed, and meanwhile, the deflection of the adjusting push rod during elongation is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bolt tightening and loosening devices, in particular to a fixed-axis force construction tool. Background Art

[0002] The main failure modes of bolts include tensile failure, shear failure, fatigue failure and corrosion failure. Among them, fatigue failure is relatively hidden and not easy to expose in a short period of time. The key factors causing fatigue fracture are substandard preload and alternating cyclic load. "Unreasonable preload" mainly refers to the "undertightening" or "overtightening" of the "final tightening" during the bolt construction process. The current general quantitative means for bolt tightening construction is the torque wrench. However, the torque output by the torque wrench acts on the effective preload in the axial direction of the bolt through the nut, gasket, connected parts and threaded pair, and the effective preload often does not reach the design value due to the difference in intermediate transmission. It is difficult to ensure the consistency of the axial preload when the same torque coefficient is used for tightening, which is the key factor for "undertightening" or "overtightening". The axial tensile strength of the "undertightened" bolt cannot function normally, and the shear strength of the high-strength bolt itself is relatively weak, which can easily cause the connected parts to slip and the bolts to be sheared during use; the "overtightened" bolt has insufficient residual tensile strength, and the design margin is insufficient to resist instantaneous high loads. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fixed-axis force construction tool to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A fixed-axis force construction tool, comprising: A working head, wherein the working head is provided with a working hole; A clamping assembly, the clamping assembly comprising a mounting ring, an adjustment mechanism, a clamping block and a locking mechanism, the mounting ring being arranged at the working hole, the clamping block being arranged at the mounting ring, the adjustment mechanism being used to drive the clamping block to clamp bolts of different sizes, and the locking mechanism being used to lock the position of the clamping block after the adjustment mechanism drives the clamping block to clamp the bolt; A rotating assembly, the rotating assembly comprising a vibration balancing mechanism and a hydraulic loading mechanism, the vibration balancing mechanism being used to balance and support the clamping block when the adjusting mechanism adjusts the position of the clamping block to prevent the clamping block from vibrating, and the hydraulic loading mechanism being used to load the bolt to rotate after the locking mechanism completes the adsorption and fixation of the bolt; and The detection component includes a feedback mechanism and a control mechanism. The feedback mechanism is used to measure the axial preload of the bolt in real time. The control mechanism is used to control the loading torque of the hydraulic loading mechanism according to the detection result of the feedback mechanism.

[0005] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment push rod, an adjustment motor and an adjustment gear. A plurality of the adjustment push rods are provided. The plurality of adjustment push rods are arranged around the inside of the mounting ring and are used to drive the clamping block to clamp the bolt. The adjustment push rod includes an inner tube and an outer tube. The inner tube is movably connected to the outer tube. The adjustment motor is arranged in the inner tube and is used to drive the adjustment gear to rotate. The outer tube is provided with a rack. The rack and the adjustment gear are meshed with each other. The adjustment motor drives the adjustment gear to rotate to perform telescopic adjustment on the adjustment push rod.

[0006] Preferably, six adjusting push rods are provided, six clamping blocks are provided corresponding to the adjusting push rods, and the clamping blocks are provided with V-shaped grooves, and the angle of the V-shaped grooves is 120 degrees.

[0007] Preferably, the adjusting gear is provided with a plurality of locking holes, and the locking mechanism comprises a locking push rod, and the locking push rod is arranged on the adjusting motor, and the adjusting gear is locked by inserting the locking push rod into different locking holes.

[0008] Preferably, the vibration balancing mechanism includes a balancing push rod, an intake valve 1, an intake valve 2, a piston, a connecting rod and a pressure relief valve, the two ends of the balancing push rod are respectively connected to the clamping block and the inner tube, the intake valve 1 is arranged on the inner tube, the intake valve 1 is used to allow outside air to enter the inner tube, the intake valve 2 is arranged below the balancing push rod, the piston is slidably connected to the inner tube, one end of the connecting rod is eccentrically connected to the adjusting gear, and the end of the connecting rod away from the adjusting gear is connected to the piston, when the adjusting gear rotates, the piston is driven to move through the connecting rod, and then the air enters the balancing push rod through the intake valve 2, and the pressure relief valve is arranged on the balancing push rod.

[0009] Preferably, the hydraulic loading mechanism includes a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic push rod, a crank, a ratchet and a locking structure. The hydraulic push rod is arranged on the working head, the hydraulic pump is used to drive the hydraulic push rod to move, the crank is connected to the movable end of the hydraulic push rod, and the ratchet is arranged on the crank. When the hydraulic pump drives the hydraulic push rod to move, the hydraulic push rod will drive the crank to rotate and then drive the ratchet to rotate. The mounting ring is fixedly connected to the inside of the ratchet, and the locking structure is used to limit the rotation of the ratchet so that it can only rotate in one direction.

[0010] Preferably, the locking structure comprises a mounting block, a locking block and a locking spring, the mounting block is arranged on the working head, and two ends of the locking spring are respectively connected to the mounting block and the locking block.

[0011] Preferably, the feedback mechanism includes a mounting frame, a fitting push rod and an ultrasonic sensor, the mounting frame is arranged on one side of the working hole, the fitting push rod is arranged on the mounting frame, and the ultrasonic sensors are arranged on the movable end of the fitting push rod, the fitting push rod is used to fit the ultrasonic sensor to the bolt, and the ultrasonic sensor is used to measure the axial force value of the bolt in real time and feed it back to the control mechanism.

[0012] Preferably, the control mechanism includes a controller, and the controller is used to control the pressure output value of the hydraulic pump according to the detection result of the ultrasonic sensor.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention can be applicable to tightening and loosening conditions of bolts of different sizes through the setting of the clamping assembly. When the clamping block becomes loose or the tightening torque is too large, the vibration balancing mechanism is set to adjust the supporting force of the clamping block according to the elongation of the adjusting push rod when adjusting the adjusting push rod in the adjusting mechanism, thereby ensuring the stability of the clamping block and the adjusting push rod, and reducing the deflection when the adjusting push rod is extended. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the present invention; Figure 2 It is an isometric structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 The working head axis structure diagram of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the working head of the present invention; Figure 5 The working head axis structure diagram of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 (Feedback mechanism omitted); Figure 6 It is an isometric structural schematic diagram of the feedback mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the mounting ring and the adjusting push rod of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the adjusting push rod of the present invention; Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the adjusting motor and the locking push rod of the present invention.

[0015] In the figure: 1 working head, 2 mounting ring, 3 clamping block, 4 adjusting push rod, 5 adjusting motor, 6 adjusting gear, 7 balancing push rod, 8 intake valve 1, 9 intake valve 2, 10 piston, 11 connecting rod, 12 pressure relief valve, 13 hydraulic pump, 14 hydraulic push rod, 15 crank, 16 ratchet, 17 mounting block, 18 locking block, 19 locking spring, 20 mounting frame, 21 fitting push rod, 22 ultrasonic sensor, 23 controller, 401 inner tube, 402 outer tube, 403 rack, 601 locking push rod, 602 locking hole, 100 bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] See also Figure 1-9 , the present invention provides a technical solution: A fixed axis force construction tool, as shown in the instruction manual Figure 1 As shown, including: A working head 1, which is used to install a clamping assembly, a rotating assembly and a detection assembly. The working head 1 is provided with a working hole, which is used to construct a bolt 100; The clamping assembly includes a mounting ring 2, an adjusting mechanism, a clamping block 3 and a locking mechanism. The mounting ring 2 is used to install the adjusting mechanism. The mounting ring 2 is arranged in the working hole. The clamping block 3 is connected to the mounting ring 2 through an adjusting push rod 4. The adjusting mechanism is used to drive the clamping block 3 to clamp bolts 100 of different sizes. The locking mechanism is used to lock the position of the clamping block 3 after the adjusting mechanism drives the clamping block 3 to clamp the bolt 100. A rotating assembly, the rotating assembly includes a vibration balancing mechanism and a hydraulic loading mechanism, the vibration balancing mechanism is used to balance and support the clamping block when the adjusting mechanism adjusts the position of the clamping block 3 to prevent the clamping block 3 from vibrating, and the hydraulic loading mechanism is used to load the bolt 100 to rotate after the locking mechanism completes the adsorption and fixation of the bolt 100; and The detection component includes a feedback mechanism and a control mechanism. The feedback mechanism is used to measure the axial preload of the bolt 100 in real time. The control mechanism is used to control the loading torque of the hydraulic loading mechanism according to the detection result of the feedback mechanism.

[0018] The adjusting mechanism includes an adjusting push rod 4, an adjusting motor 5 and an adjusting gear 6. In the present embodiment, six adjusting push rods 4 are provided. The six adjusting push rods 4 are arranged around the inside of the mounting ring 2 and are used to drive the clamping block 3 to clamp the bolt 100. The clamping block 3 and the adjusting push rod 4 are fixedly connected by the bolt 100. The adjusting push rod 4 includes an inner tube 401 and an outer tube 402. The inner tube 401 is slidably connected to the outer tube 402. The adjusting motor 5 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the inner tube 401. The adjusting motor 5 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the inner cavity. The symmetrically arranged adjusting motors 5 rotate in opposite directions and at the same speed, and the symmetrically arranged connecting rods 11 move in an axially symmetrical manner, thereby ensuring that there is sufficient thrust on the piston 10. When the adjusting motor 5 rotates, it will drive the adjusting gear 6 to rotate. The outer tube 402 is fixedly connected with a rack 403. The rack 403 and the adjusting gear 6 are meshed with each other. The adjusting motor 5 drives the adjusting gear 6 to rotate to adjust the telescopic adjustment of the adjusting push rod 4.

[0019] Six adjusting push rods 4 are provided, and six clamping blocks 3 are provided corresponding to the adjusting push rods 4. The clamping blocks 3 are provided with V-shaped grooves, and the angle of the V-shaped grooves is 120 degrees.

[0020] The adjusting gear 6 is provided with a plurality of locking holes 602, which are arranged around the adjusting gear 6. The locking mechanism includes a locking push rod 601, one end of which is fixedly connected to the adjusting motor 5. The adjusting gear 6 is locked by inserting the movable end of the locking push rod 601 into different locking holes 602.

[0021] The vibration balancing mechanism includes a balancing push rod 7, an intake valve 1 8, an intake valve 2 9, a piston 10, a connecting rod 11 and a pressure relief valve 12. The two ends of the balancing push rod 7 are respectively fixedly connected to the clamping block 3 and the inner tube 401. The intake valve 1 8 and the intake valve 2 9 are both one-way valves. The intake valve 1 8 is arranged on the side wall of the inner tube 401. The intake valve 1 8 is used to allow outside air to enter the inner tube 401. The intake valve 2 9 is arranged below the balancing push rod 7. The intake valve 2 9 is used to allow air to flow into the balancing push rod 7 in one direction. The inflated balancing push rod 7 supports and reduces shock to the clamping block 3 when the clamping block 3 vibrates. The piston 10 is slidably connected to the inner tube 4 01, there is an interference fit between the piston 10 and the inner tube 401, and a gasket is arranged between the piston 10 and the inner tube 401. The gasket is used to achieve dynamic sealing between the piston 10 and the inner rod. One end of the connecting rod 11 is eccentrically connected to the adjusting gear 6, and the end of the connecting rod 11 away from the adjusting gear 6 is connected to the piston 10. When the adjusting gear 6 rotates, the piston 10 is driven to reciprocate through the connecting rod 11, and then the air enters the balancing push rod 7 through the intake valve 29. The pressure relief valve 12 is arranged on the balancing push rod 7. When the pressure relief valve 12 is a solenoid valve, when the adjusting motor 5 drives the adjusting push rod 4 to reset, the pressure relief valve 12 will open.

[0022] The hydraulic loading mechanism includes a hydraulic pump 13, a hydraulic push rod 14, a crank 15, a ratchet 16 and a locking structure. The hydraulic push rod 14 is movably connected to the hydraulic groove of the working head 1. The hydraulic pump 13 is used to drive the hydraulic push rod 14 to move along the hydraulic groove. One end of the crank 15 is connected to the movable end of the hydraulic push rod 14, so when the hydraulic push rod 14 is extended or retracted, the crank 15 will be driven to rotate. The ratchet 16 is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the crank 15. When the hydraulic pump 13 drives the hydraulic push rod 14 to move, the hydraulic push rod 14 will drive the crank 15 to rotate and then drive the ratchet 16 to rotate. The mounting ring 2 is fixedly connected to the inside of the ratchet 16. The locking structure is used to limit the rotation of the ratchet 16 so that it can only rotate in one direction.

[0023] The locking structure includes a mounting block 17, a locking block 18 and a locking spring 19. The mounting block 17 is fixedly connected to the inside of the working head 1. The locking spring 19 is a compression spring. The two ends of the locking spring 19 are respectively connected to the mounting block 17 and the locking block 18. The locking spring 19 is used to keep the locking block 18 in a limited state on the ratchet 16.

[0024] The feedback mechanism includes a mounting frame 20, a fitting push rod 21 and an ultrasonic sensor 22. The mounting frame 20 is used to install the fitting push rod 21. The mounting frame 20 is arranged on one side of the working hole. The fitting push rod 21 is a pen-type hydraulic electric push rod. One end of the fitting push rod 21 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 20. The ultrasonic sensors 22 are all arranged at the moving end of the fitting push rod 21. The fitting push rod 21 is used to fit the ultrasonic sensor 22 to the bolt 100. The ultrasonic sensor 22 is used to measure the axial force value of the bolt 100 in real time and feed it back to the control mechanism. The ultrasonic sensor 22 is an ultrasonic force measuring unit. The ultrasonic force measuring unit is a prior art and can be purchased according to actual conditions. No more details will be given here.

[0025] The control mechanism includes a controller 23, which is used to control the pressure output value of the hydraulic pump 13 according to the detection result of the ultrasonic sensor 22. The working principle of the controller 23 is as shown in the appendix of the specification. Figure 1 As shown, when using it, the pre-tightening force is first set through the human-machine interaction terminal, which is PAD. The human-machine interaction terminal inputs the pre-tightening force into the controller 23, and the ultrasonic sensor 22 measures the axial force value of the bolt 100 in real time and feeds it back to the controller 23. After feedback calculation, the controller 23 precisely controls the pressure output of the hydraulic pump 13. When the error between the pre-tightening force of the bolt 100 and the set value is within the accuracy allowable range, the controller 23 issues a stop tightening instruction, and the tightening of the bolt 100 is completed. The entire tightening process automatically tightens to the set pre-tightening force without human intervention.

[0026] Working principle: When in use, by placing the working head 1 on the bolt 100 and starting the adjusting motor 5, the adjusting motor 5 will drive the adjusting gear 6 to rotate, and at this time the adjusting push rod 4 will drive the clamping block 3 to clamp the bolt 100; input the parameters of the bolt 100 and the target preload force on the human-computer interaction terminal PAD, and then start the fitting push rod 21, which will fit the ultrasonic sensor 22 to one end face of the bolt 100 and monitor the axial force value of the bolt 100 in real time; When tightening, the hydraulic pump 13 drives the hydraulic push rod 14 to push the crank 15. When the crank 15 rotates, it drives the ratchet 16 to rotate and then drives the mounting ring 2 to rotate. When the mounting ring 2 rotates, it drives the bolt 100 to rotate. When the clamping block 3 becomes loose or the tightening torque is too large, when the adjusting push rod 4 drives the adjusting gear 6 to rotate, the adjusting gear 6 will drive the connecting rod 11 to move, thereby driving the piston 10 to reciprocate, and then continuously input air to the balancing push rod 7. When the adjusting push rod 4 is pushed and gradually extended, the supporting force of the balancing push rod 7 on the clamping block 3 at the top of the adjusting push rod 4 will continue to increase, thereby improving the stability of the clamping block 3 and the adjusting push rod 4, and reducing the deflection of the adjusting push rod 4.

[0027] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fixed-axis force construction tool, characterized in that: include: A working head, wherein the working head is provided with a working hole; A clamping assembly, the clamping assembly comprising a mounting ring, an adjustment mechanism, a clamping block and a locking mechanism, the mounting ring being arranged at the working hole, the clamping block being arranged at the mounting ring, the adjustment mechanism being used to drive the clamping block to clamp bolts of different sizes, and the locking mechanism being used to lock the position of the clamping block after the adjustment mechanism drives the clamping block to clamp the bolt; A rotating assembly, the rotating assembly comprising a vibration balancing mechanism and a hydraulic loading mechanism, the vibration balancing mechanism being used to balance and support the clamping block when the adjusting mechanism adjusts the position of the clamping block to prevent the clamping block from vibrating, and the hydraulic loading mechanism being used to load the bolt to rotate after the locking mechanism completes the adsorption and fixation of the bolt; and The detection component includes a feedback mechanism and a control mechanism. The feedback mechanism is used to measure the axial preload of the bolt in real time. The control mechanism is used to control the loading torque of the hydraulic loading mechanism according to the detection result of the feedback mechanism.

2. A fixed-axis force construction tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting mechanism includes an adjusting push rod, an adjusting motor and an adjusting gear. There are a plurality of adjusting push rods, which are arranged around the inside of the mounting ring and are used to drive the clamping block to clamp the bolt. The adjusting push rod includes an inner tube and an outer tube, and the inner tube is movably connected to the outer tube. The adjusting motor is arranged on the inner tube and is used to drive the adjusting gear to rotate. The outer tube is provided with a rack, and the rack and the adjusting gear are meshed with each other. The adjusting motor drives the adjusting gear to rotate to adjust the extension and retraction of the adjusting push rod.

3. A fixed-axis force construction tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the adjusting push rods is six, the number of the clamping blocks corresponding to the adjusting push rods is six, the clamping blocks are provided with V-shaped grooves, and the angle of the V-shaped grooves is 120 degrees.

4. A fixed-axis force construction tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjusting gear is provided with a plurality of locking holes, and the locking mechanism comprises a locking push rod, which is arranged on the adjusting motor. The adjusting gear is locked by inserting the locking push rod into different locking holes.

5. A fixed-axis force construction tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vibration balancing mechanism includes a balancing push rod, an intake valve 1, an intake valve 2, a piston, a connecting rod and a pressure relief valve, the two ends of the balancing push rod are respectively connected to the clamping block and the inner tube, the intake valve 1 is arranged on the inner tube, the intake valve 1 is used to allow outside air to enter the inner tube, the intake valve 2 is arranged below the balancing push rod, the piston is slidably connected to the inner tube, one end of the connecting rod is eccentrically connected to the adjusting gear, and the end of the connecting rod away from the adjusting gear is connected to the piston, when the adjusting gear rotates, the piston is driven to move through the connecting rod, and then the air enters the balancing push rod through the intake valve 2, and the pressure relief valve is arranged on the balancing push rod.

6. A fixed-axis force construction tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydraulic loading mechanism includes a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic push rod, a crank, a ratchet and a locking structure. The hydraulic push rod is arranged on the working head. The hydraulic pump is used to drive the hydraulic push rod to move. The crank is connected to the movable end of the hydraulic push rod. The ratchet is arranged on the crank. When the hydraulic pump drives the hydraulic push rod to move, the hydraulic push rod will drive the crank to rotate and then drive the ratchet to rotate. The mounting ring is fixedly connected to the inside of the ratchet. The locking structure is used to limit the rotation of the ratchet so that it can only rotate in one direction.

7. A fixed-axis force construction tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The locking structure comprises a mounting block, a locking block and a locking spring. The mounting block is arranged on the working head, and two ends of the locking spring are respectively connected to the mounting block and the locking block.

8. A fixed-axis force construction tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The feedback mechanism includes a mounting frame, a fitting push rod and an ultrasonic sensor. The mounting frame is arranged on one side of the working hole, the fitting push rod is arranged on the mounting frame, and the ultrasonic sensors are arranged on the movable end of the fitting push rod. The fitting push rod is used to fit the ultrasonic sensor to the bolt, and the ultrasonic sensor is used to measure the axial force value of the bolt in real time and feed it back to the control mechanism.

9. A fixed-axis force construction tool according to claim 8, characterized in that: The control mechanism includes a controller, and the controller is used to control the pressure output value of the hydraulic pump according to the detection result of the ultrasonic sensor.

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