Battery management system, power consumption device and battery management method

Abstract

The present application relates to a battery management system, an electrical device and a battery management method. The battery management system includes a microcontroller unit, a control circuit and a gallium nitride switch tube; the control circuit includes a power circuit and a discharge circuit; the microcontroller unit is connected to the power circuit and the discharge circuit respectively; the microcontroller unit is used to output a first control signal to the power circuit according to the status information of the battery pack, or to output a second control signal to the discharge circuit; the power circuit is also connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack and the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube respectively; the power circuit is used to control the gallium nitride switch tube to be turned on according to the first control signal; the discharge circuit is also connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack and the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube; the discharge circuit is used to control the gallium nitride switch tube to be turned off according to the second control signal. The use of this application can improve the safety of the battery pack and reduce the risk of load equipment failure caused by battery pack failure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery management system, an electrical device and a battery management method. Background Art

[0002] With the development of new energy technologies, the application fields of batteries are becoming more and more extensive, such as battery-powered electric vehicles, robots, drones, etc.

[0003] At present, the traditional battery management system (BMS) usually prompts when the battery fails or is abnormal. However, if it only prompts the fault, there will be safety risks to the battery. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on the above problems, the present application provides a battery management system, an electrical device and a battery management method, which can improve the safety of the battery pack and reduce the risk of load equipment failure caused by battery pack failure.

[0005] In the first aspect, the present application provides a battery management system. The battery management system includes a microcontroller unit, a control circuit and a gallium nitride switch tube; the control circuit includes a power circuit and a discharge circuit; the microcontroller unit is connected to the power circuit and the discharge circuit respectively, and the microcontroller unit is used to output a first control signal to the power circuit according to the status information of the battery pack, or output a second control signal to the discharge circuit; the power circuit is also connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack and the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube respectively, and the power circuit is used to control the gallium nitride switch tube to turn on according to the first control signal to turn on the connection between the battery pack and the load device; the discharge circuit is also connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack and the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube; the discharge circuit is used to control the gallium nitride switch tube to turn off according to the second control signal to cut off the connection between the battery pack and the load device.

[0006] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, when the battery pack is needed to power the load device, the connection between the battery pack and the load device can be turned on, and when the battery pack fails or is abnormal, the connection between the battery pack and the load device can be cut off in time, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack and reducing the risk of load device failure caused by battery pack failure. In addition, since the structure of the gallium nitride switch tube determines that it will not produce a unidirectional parasitic diode, only one gallium nitride switch tube is set between the battery pack and the load device, so that when the connection between the battery pack and the load device is cut off, the cut-off state can be stably maintained, reducing the risk of misconnection between the battery pack and the load device, and improving the safety of the battery pack and the load device. Furthermore, by controlling the on and off of the gallium nitride switch tube through the power circuit and the discharge circuit respectively, the reliability of on and off can be improved, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack and the load device.

[0007] In some embodiments, the power supply circuit includes a boost circuit, which is connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack and the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube respectively; the boost circuit is used to boost the voltage of the positive electrode of the battery pack according to the first control signal, and transmit the boosted voltage to the gallium nitride switch tube to control the conduction of the gallium nitride switch tube to conduct the connection between the battery pack and the load device. In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the voltage of the positive electrode of the battery pack is boosted by the boost circuit, so that the voltage input to the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube can be stably greater than the turn-on threshold voltage, so that the gallium nitride switch tube can be stably turned on.

[0008] In some embodiments, the boost circuit includes a first diode, a first capacitor, a first resistor, a first voltage regulator and a second diode, a second capacitor, a second resistor and a second voltage regulator; the anode of the first diode is connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack, and the cathode of the first diode is connected to the first end of the first capacitor; the second end of the first capacitor is connected to the first end of the first resistor; the second end of the first resistor is connected to the first end of the first voltage regulator; the second end of the first voltage regulator is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack; the anode of the second diode is connected to the cathode of the first diode, and the cathode of the second diode is connected to the first end of the second capacitor and the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube; the second end of the second capacitor is connected to the first end of the second resistor; the second end of the second resistor is connected to the first end of the second voltage regulator tube; the second end of the second voltage regulator tube is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack. In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the voltage of the positive electrode of the battery pack is boosted in two stages by two boost branches, so that the voltage input to the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube can be stably greater than the turn-on threshold voltage, so that the gallium nitride switch tube can be stably turned on.

[0009] In some embodiments, the power supply circuit further includes a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor and a third voltage regulator tube; the two ends of the third capacitor are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery pack; the fourth capacitor and the third voltage regulator tube are connected in parallel to form a parallel circuit, the first end of the parallel circuit is connected to the cathode of the second diode, and the second end of the parallel circuit is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack. In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the stability and reliability of the power supply circuit can be improved by stabilizing the voltage through the third capacitor, the fourth capacitor and the third voltage regulator tube.

[0010] In some embodiments, the discharge circuit includes a discharge switch tube and a third resistor; the control electrode of the discharge switch tube is connected to the micro control unit, the first electrode of the discharge switch tube is connected to the first end of the third resistor, and the second electrode of the discharge switch tube is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack; the second end of the third resistor is connected to the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube. In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the connection between the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube and the negative electrode of the battery pack can be controlled by setting the discharge switch tube, thereby improving the turn-off speed of the gallium nitride switch tube.

[0011] In some embodiments, the control circuit further includes a current limiting circuit, which is arranged between the power circuit and the control electrode of the GaN switch tube. In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the current limiting circuit can limit the current flowing into the control electrode of the GaN switch tube, thereby reducing the damage to the GaN switch tube caused by excessive current.

[0012] In some embodiments, the current limiting circuit includes a current limiting resistor; the two ends of the current limiting resistor are respectively connected to the power circuit and the control of the GaN switch tube. In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the current limiting circuit is implemented by the current limiting resistor, which can limit the current flowing into the control electrode of the GaN switch tube and reduce the damage of the GaN switch tube caused by excessive current.

[0013] In some embodiments, the battery management system further includes a protection circuit; the protection circuit is respectively connected to the control electrode, the first electrode, and the second electrode of the GaN switch tube. In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the protection circuit can stabilize the voltage between the control electrode and the first electrode, the voltage between the control electrode and the second electrode, and the voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode of the GaN switch tube, thereby protecting the GaN switch tube and reducing the risk of damage to the GaN switch tube due to excessive voltage between any two electrodes.

[0014] In some embodiments, the protection circuit includes a fourth voltage regulator, a fifth voltage regulator, a third diode, a fourth diode and a sixth voltage regulator; the first end of the fourth voltage regulator is connected to the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube, the second end of the fourth voltage regulator is connected to the anode of the third diode; the cathode of the third diode is connected to the first electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube; the first end of the fifth voltage regulator is connected to the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube, the second end of the fifth voltage regulator is connected to the anode of the fourth diode; the cathode of the fourth diode is connected to the first electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube; the first end of the sixth voltage regulator is connected to the first electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube; the second end of the sixth voltage regulator is connected to the second electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube. In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the voltage between the control electrode and the first electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube is stabilized by the fourth voltage regulator and the third diode; the voltage between the control electrode and the second electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube is stabilized by the fifth voltage regulator and the fourth diode, and the voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube is stabilized by the sixth voltage regulator, so as to protect the gallium nitride switch tube and reduce the risk of damage to the gallium nitride switch tube due to excessive voltage between any two electrodes.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present application further provides an electrical device, which includes a battery pack and a battery management system as in the first aspect.

[0016] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the power-consuming device includes a battery pack and a battery management system. The battery management system can conduct the connection between the battery pack and the load device when the battery pack is needed to power the load device, and promptly cut off the connection between the battery pack and the load device when the battery pack fails or is abnormal, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack and reducing the risk of load device failure caused by battery pack failure. In addition, the battery management system only sets one gallium nitride switch tube between the battery pack and the load device, so that when the connection between the battery pack and the load device is cut off, the cut-off state can be stably maintained, reducing the risk of misconnection between the battery pack and the load device, and improving the safety of the battery pack and the load device.

[0017] In a third aspect, the present application also provides a battery management method, the battery management system comprising a microcontroller unit, a control circuit and a gallium nitride switch tube; the control circuit comprises a power supply circuit and a discharge circuit, the method comprising: outputting a first control signal to the power supply circuit according to the status information of the battery pack; wherein the first control signal is used to instruct the power supply circuit to control the gallium nitride switch tube to turn on, so as to conduct the connection between the battery pack and the load device; or, outputting a second control signal to the discharge circuit according to the status information of the battery pack; wherein the second control signal is used to instruct the discharge circuit to control the gallium nitride switch tube to turn off, so as to cut off the connection between the battery pack and the load device.

[0018] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the microcontroller unit can conduct the connection between the battery pack and the load device when the battery pack is required to power the load device, and promptly cut off the connection between the battery pack and the load device when the battery pack fails or is abnormal, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack and reducing the risk of load device failure caused by battery pack failure. In addition, the microcontroller unit can control the on and off of the gallium nitride switch tube through the power circuit and the discharge circuit respectively, thereby improving the reliability of on and off, and further improving the safety of the battery pack and the load device.

[0019] In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides an electronic device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements any one of the methods in the third aspect when executing the computer program.

[0020] In a fifth aspect, the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which implements any one of the methods in the third aspect when the computer program is executed by a processor.

[0021] In a sixth aspect, the present application further provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program, which implements any one of the methods in the third aspect when executed by a processor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the optional embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only used for the purpose of illustrating the optional embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present application. Moreover, the same reference numerals are used throughout the drawings to represent the same components. In the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 This is the second structural diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3a This is the third structural diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3b This is the fourth structural diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 This is the fifth structural diagram of the battery management system of one embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 5 This is the sixth structural diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 6 This is the seventh structural diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 7 This is the eighth structural diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a ninth structural diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Fig. 9 This is a tenth structural diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Fig.10 It is a diagram of the internal structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Description of reference numerals:

[0035] Battery management system 10, micro control unit MCU, control circuit 11, gallium nitride switch tube M1;

[0036] A power supply circuit 111, a discharge circuit 112, a current limiting circuit 113, and a protection circuit 114;

[0037] Boosting circuit 1111, first diode D1, second diode D2;

[0038] A third diode D3, a fourth diode D4, a first capacitor C1, and a second capacitor C2;

[0039] A third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4, a first voltage regulator tube Z1, and a third voltage regulator tube Z3;

[0040] A fourth voltage regulator tube Z4, a fifth voltage regulator tube Z5, and a sixth voltage regulator tube Z6;

[0041] Discharge switch tube M2, first resistor R1, second resistor R2, third resistor R3;

[0042] Current limiting resistor R4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present application are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0044] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0045] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0046] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0047] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0048] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).

[0049] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0050] With the development of new energy technology, batteries are being used in more and more fields, such as battery-driven electric vehicles, robots, drones, etc. At present, the traditional battery management system (BMS) usually prompts when the battery fails or is abnormal. However, only fault prompts are given, and there are safety risks to the battery.

[0051] In view of the above problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery management system, which includes a microcontroller unit (MCU), a control circuit and a gallium nitride switch tube. The gallium nitride switch tube is arranged between the battery pack and the load device. The microcontroller unit controls the on and off of the gallium nitride switch tube through the control circuit, so that when the battery pack is needed to power the load device, the connection between the battery pack and the load device is turned on. When the battery pack fails or is abnormal, the connection between the battery pack and the load device is promptly cut off, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack and reducing the risk of load device failure caused by battery pack failure. In addition, since the structure of the gallium nitride switch tube determines that it will not produce a unidirectional parasitic diode, only one gallium nitride switch tube is arranged between the battery pack and the load device, so that when the connection between the battery pack and the load device is cut off, the cut-off state can be stably maintained, reducing the risk of misconduction between the battery pack and the load device, and improving the safety of the battery pack and the load device.

[0052] According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to Figure 1, a battery management system 10 is provided. The battery management system 10 includes a microcontroller unit MCU, a control circuit 11 and a gallium nitride switch tube M1; the microcontroller unit MCU is connected to the control circuit 11; the control circuit 11 is also connected to the control electrodes of the battery pack 20 and the gallium nitride switch tube M1 respectively, the first electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack 20, and the second electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1 is connected to the load device; the microcontroller unit MCU is used to output a control signal to the control circuit 11 according to the status information of the battery pack 20; the control circuit 11 is used to control the on and off of the gallium nitride switch tube M1 according to the control signal, so as to conduct or cut off the connection between the battery pack 20 and the load device.

[0053] In the embodiment of the present application, the battery management system 10 includes a microcontroller unit MCU, a control circuit 11 and a gallium nitride switch tube M1. The microcontroller unit MCU is connected to the control circuit 11, and the control circuit 11 is also connected to the battery pack 20 and the gallium nitride switch tube M1 respectively. The control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1 is connected to the control circuit 11, the first electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack 20, and the second electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1 is connected to the load device. Figure 1 Bat+ and Bat- can be connected to load devices. Load devices can include but are not limited to vehicle controllers, lights, air conditioners, motors, etc. in new energy vehicles.

[0054] During the operation of the battery management system 10, the microcontroller unit MCU can obtain the status information of the battery pack 20, wherein the status information includes the voltage, current, temperature of the battery pack, the voltage and temperature of a single cell in the battery pack, etc. The microcontroller unit MCU generates a control signal according to the status information, thereby controlling the on and off of the gallium nitride switch tube M1.

[0055] For example, the microcontroller unit MCU determines that the battery pack 20 can supply power to the load device according to the status information of the battery pack 20, and then generates a control signal, transmits the control signal to the control circuit 11, and controls the gallium nitride switch tube M1 to be turned on through the control circuit 11. If the microcontroller unit MCU determines that the voltage of the battery pack 20 exceeds the first preset voltage range, or the current of the battery pack 20 exceeds the preset current range, or the voltage of the single cell exceeds the second preset voltage range, or the temperature of the single cell exceeds the preset temperature range according to the status information of the battery pack 20, then generates a control signal, transmits the control signal to the control circuit 11, and controls the gallium nitride switch tube M1 to be turned off through the control circuit 11.

[0056] Optionally, the first preset voltage range is 6~24V, the preset current range is ±100A, the second preset voltage range is 1.5~3.5V, and the preset temperature range is -40~65℃.

[0057] It should be noted that the status information of the battery pack 20 is not limited to the above example, and the way in which the microcontroller unit MCU generates a control signal to control the on and off of the gallium nitride switch tube M1 according to the status information of the battery pack 20 is also not limited to the above example.

[0058] The control circuit 11 is respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery pack 20. Taking the gallium nitride switch tube M1 as an N-type switch tube as an example, the control circuit 11 can connect the positive electrode of the battery pack 20 to the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1 according to the control signal to turn on the gallium nitride switch tube M1, and can also connect the negative electrode of the battery pack 20 to the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1 according to the control signal to turn off the gallium nitride switch tube M1.

[0059] Traditional power MOS (metal oxide semiconductor, metal oxide field effect transistor) can also be used as a switch tube. However, power MOS has a parasitic diode, so two power MOS are needed back to back to form a switch, otherwise the parasitic diode is unidirectionally conductive, which is easy to mislead the connection between the battery pack 20 and the load device. Two power MOS can form a switch, which will result in a large PCB (Printed Circuit Board) area and high heat dissipation requirements.

[0060] The embodiment of the present application uses a gallium nitride switch tube M1. Since the structure of the gallium nitride switch tube M1 determines that it will not produce a unidirectional parasitic diode, only one gallium nitride switch tube M1 is set between the battery pack 20 and the load device, and the disconnection state can be stably maintained when the connection between the battery pack 20 and the load device is cut off, thereby reducing the risk of misconnection between the battery pack 20 and the load device. In addition, compared with two power MOS, the use of one gallium nitride switch tube M1 can reduce the number of components, help reduce the PCB area, and reduce the heat dissipation requirements.

[0061] In some embodiments, the first electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1 is a source, and the second electrode is a drain; or, the first electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1 is a drain, and the second electrode is a source.

[0062] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2The control circuit 11 includes a power circuit 111 and a discharge circuit 112. The microcontroller unit MCU is connected to the power circuit 111 and the discharge circuit 112 respectively. The power circuit 111 is also connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack 20 and the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1 respectively. The discharge circuit 112 is also connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack 20 and the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1; the microcontroller unit MCU is used to output a first control signal to the power circuit 111 according to the status information of the battery pack 20, or to output a second control signal to the discharge circuit 112; the power circuit 111 is used to control the gallium nitride switch tube M1 to turn on according to the first control signal to turn on the connection between the battery pack 20 and the load device; the discharge circuit 112 is used to control the gallium nitride switch tube M1 to turn off according to the second control signal to cut off the connection between the battery pack 20 and the load device.

[0063] In the embodiment of the present application, the control circuit 11 includes a power circuit 111 and a discharge circuit 112 , and the following description is still based on the assumption that the gallium nitride switch tube M1 is an N-type switch tube.

[0064] The power circuit 111 is connected to the microcontroller unit MCU, the positive electrode of the battery pack 20, and the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1 respectively. When the battery pack 20 is required to power the load device, the microcontroller unit MCU generates a first control signal according to the state information of the battery pack 20, and transmits the first control signal to the power circuit 111. The power circuit 111 connects the positive electrode of the battery pack 20 to the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1 according to the first control signal, so that the gallium nitride switch tube M1 is turned on, thereby turning on the connection between the battery pack 20 and the load device.

[0065] The discharge circuit 112 is connected to the microcontroller unit MCU, the negative electrode of the battery pack 20, and the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1 respectively. When the battery pack 20 needs to stop supplying power, the microcontroller unit MCU generates a second control signal according to the state information of the battery pack 20, and transmits the second control signal to the discharge circuit 112. The discharge circuit 112 connects the negative electrode of the battery pack 20 to the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1 according to the second control signal, so that the gallium nitride switch tube M1 is quickly turned off, thereby cutting off the connection between the battery pack 20 and the load device.

[0066] In some embodiments, after receiving the first control signal, the power circuit 111 performs a voltage boost process on the positive electrode of the battery pack 20, and transmits the processed voltage to the control electrode of the GaN switch tube M1. In this way, the voltage transmitted to the control electrode of the GaN switch tube M1 can be stably greater than the turn-on threshold voltage, so that the GaN switch tube M1 can be stably turned on.

[0067] For example, the voltage of the positive electrode of the battery pack 20 is 12V, and the power circuit 111 can boost the voltage to obtain a voltage of 17V, and transmit the 17V voltage to the control electrode of the GaN switch tube M1, so that the GaN switch tube M1 is stably turned on.

[0068] In the above embodiment, the battery management system includes a microcontroller unit, a control circuit and a gallium nitride switch tube; the control circuit includes a power circuit and a discharge circuit. In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, when the battery pack is required to power the load device, the connection between the battery pack and the load device can be turned on, and when the battery pack fails or is abnormal, the connection between the battery pack and the load device can be cut off in time, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack and reducing the risk of load device failure caused by battery pack failure. In addition, since the structure of the gallium nitride switch tube determines that it will not produce a unidirectional parasitic diode, only one gallium nitride switch tube is set between the battery pack and the load device, which can stably maintain the cut-off state when the connection between the battery pack and the load device is cut off, reducing the risk of misconnection between the battery pack and the load device, and improving the safety of the battery pack and the load device. Further, the on-off of the gallium nitride switch tube can be controlled by the power circuit and the discharge circuit respectively, which can improve the reliability of on-off, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack and the load device.

[0069] According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to Figure 3a The power supply circuit 111 includes a boost circuit 1111, which is respectively connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack 20 and the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1; the boost circuit 1111 is used to boost the positive electrode voltage of the battery pack 20 according to the first control signal, and transmit the boosted voltage to the gallium nitride switch tube M1 to control the gallium nitride switch tube M1 to turn on, so as to turn on the connection between the battery pack 20 and the load device.

[0070] In the embodiment of the present application, the power circuit 111 includes a boost circuit 1111, a first end of the boost circuit 1111 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack 20, and a second end of the boost circuit 1111 is connected to the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1. The positive electrode voltage of the battery pack 20 is input to the boost circuit 1111, the boost circuit 1111 performs a voltage boost process on the voltage, and inputs the boosted voltage to the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1.

[0071] For example, the voltage of the positive electrode of the battery pack 20 is 12V, and the boost circuit 12V performs a boost process to obtain a voltage of 17V. The 17V voltage is transmitted to the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1, and the gallium nitride switch tube M1 is turned on to connect the battery pack 20 to the load device.

[0072] In the above embodiment, the power supply circuit includes a boost circuit. In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the voltage of the positive electrode of the battery pack is boosted by the boost circuit, so that the voltage input to the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube can be stably greater than the turn-on threshold voltage, so that the gallium nitride switch tube can be stably turned on.

[0073] According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to Figure 3b The boost circuit 1111 includes a first diode D1, a first capacitor C1, a first resistor R1, a first voltage regulator Z1, a second diode D2, a second capacitor C2, a second resistor R2 and a second voltage regulator Z2; the anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack 20, and the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the first end of the first capacitor C1; the second end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the first end of the first resistor R1; the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the first voltage regulator Z1; the second end of the first voltage regulator Z1 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack 20; the common end of the first capacitor C1 and the first resistor R1 is connected to the microcontroller unit MCU; the anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the cathode of the first diode D1, and the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the first end of the second capacitor C2 and the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1; the second end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the first end of the second resistor R2; the second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the first end of the second voltage regulator Z2; the second end of the second voltage regulator Z2 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack 20.

[0074] The first diode D1, the first capacitor C1, the first resistor R1, and the first voltage regulator Z1 form the first boost branch; the second diode D2, the second capacitor C2, the second resistor R2, and the second voltage regulator Z2 form the second boost branch. Each boost branch is connected to the microcontroller unit MCU and performs a boost process according to the control signal transmitted by the microcontroller unit MCU. For example, the voltage of the positive electrode of the battery pack 20 is 12V, the first boost branch boosts the 12V voltage, and the voltage of the node J1 is 14.5V; the second boost circuit boosts the 14.5V, and the voltage of the node J2 is 17V, that is, the voltage transmitted to the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1 is 17V.

[0075] For example, when the control signals output by the microcontroller unit MCU to the two boost branches are both 0V, the battery pack 20 charges the first capacitor C1 through the first diode D1, and charges the second capacitor C2 through the second diode D2. Afterwards, the control signal output by the microcontroller unit MCU to the first boost branch is aV, and the control signal output to the second boost branch is 0V, then there is a voltage difference between the node J1 and the node J2, so the charge will flow from the node J1 to the node J2, and finally the voltage of the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are equal. Afterwards, the control signals output by the microcontroller unit MCU to the two boost branches are both 0V, and the battery pack 20 charges the first diode D1 in the first boost branch. Then, the control signal output by the microcontroller unit MCU to the first boost branch is aV, and the control signal output to the second boost branch is 0V, and the charge will flow from the node J1 to the node J2. By analogy, the voltage of the second capacitor C2 of the second boost branch continues to increase, and finally reaches the stable state information.

[0076] In the above embodiment, the boost circuit includes a first diode, a first capacitor, a first resistor, a first voltage regulator and a second diode, a second capacitor, a second resistor and a second voltage regulator. In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the voltage of the positive electrode of the battery pack is boosted in two stages through two boost branches, so that the voltage input to the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube can be stably greater than the turn-on threshold voltage, so that the gallium nitride switch tube can be stably turned on.

[0077] According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to Figure 4 The power supply circuit 111 also includes a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4 and a third voltage regulator tube Z3; the two ends of the third capacitor C3 are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery pack 20; the fourth capacitor C4 and the third voltage regulator tube Z3 are connected in parallel to form a parallel circuit; the first end of the parallel circuit is connected to the cathode of the second diode D2, and the second end of the parallel circuit is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack 20.

[0078] In the embodiment of the present application, the power supply circuit 111 also includes a third capacitor C3, and the two ends of the third capacitor C3 are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery pack 20. The battery pack 20 charges the third capacitor C3, and the third capacitor C3 can play a voltage stabilizing role after storing energy.

[0079] The power circuit 111 also includes a fourth capacitor C4 and a third voltage regulator tube Z3. The fourth capacitor C4 and the third voltage regulator tube Z3 are connected in parallel to form a parallel circuit. The two ends of the parallel circuit are respectively connected to the cathode of the second diode D2 and the negative electrode of the battery pack 20. The second diode D2 charges the fourth capacitor C4. After the fourth capacitor C4 stores energy, it can play a role in voltage stabilization. The third voltage regulator tube Z3 also plays a role in voltage stabilization.

[0080] In the above embodiment, the power circuit further includes a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor and a third voltage regulator. In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the third capacitor, the fourth capacitor and the third voltage regulator are used to stabilize the voltage, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the power circuit.

[0081] According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to Figure 5 The discharge circuit 112 includes a discharge switch tube M2 and a third resistor R3; the control electrode of the discharge switch tube M2 is connected to the microcontroller unit MCU, the first electrode of the discharge switch tube M2 is connected to the first end of the third resistor R3, and the second electrode of the discharge switch tube M2 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack 20; the second end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1.

[0082] In the embodiment of the present application, the discharge circuit 112 includes a discharge switch tube M2 and a third resistor R3.

[0083] Taking the GaN switch tube M1 and the discharge switch tube M2 as N-type switch tubes as an example, when the microcontroller unit MCU determines to turn off the GaN switch tube M1, it outputs a high level to the discharge switch tube M2 to turn on the discharge switch tube M2. Since the first electrode of the discharge switch tube M2 is connected to the first end of the third resistor R3, the second end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the control electrode of the GaN switch tube M1, and the second electrode of the discharge switch tube M2 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack 20, when the discharge switch tube M2 is turned on, the control electrode of the GaN switch tube M1 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack 20, causing the GaN switch tube M1 to be quickly turned off.

[0084] In some embodiments, the discharge switch tube may also be a P-type switch tube. The microcontroller unit MCU outputs a low level to the discharge switch tube M2, the discharge switch tube M2 is turned on, the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack 20, and the gallium nitride switch tube M1 is quickly turned off. The microcontroller unit MCU outputs a high level to the discharge switch tube M2, the discharge switch tube M2 is turned off, the connection between the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1 and the negative electrode of the battery pack 20 is cut off, and the discharge switch tube M2 is controlled by the power circuit 111.

[0085] The third resistor R3 can play a current limiting role to reduce the current input to the control electrode of the GaN switch tube M1.

[0086] In the above embodiment, the discharge circuit includes a discharge switch tube and a third resistor. In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the connection between the control electrode of the GaN switch tube and the negative electrode of the battery pack can be controlled by setting the discharge switch tube, thereby improving the turn-off speed of the GaN switch tube.

[0087] According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to Figure 6The control circuit 11 further includes a current limiting circuit 113 , which is arranged between the power circuit 111 and the control electrode of the GaN switch tube M1 .

[0088] In the embodiment of the present application, the control circuit 11 may include a current limiting circuit 113. One end of the current limiting circuit 113 is connected to the cathode of the second diode D2 of the boost circuit 1111 in the power circuit 111, and the other end of the current limiting circuit 113 is connected to the control electrode of the GaN switch tube M1.

[0089] It can be understood that the current limiting circuit 113 can limit the current flowing into the control electrode of the GaN switch tube M1 , thereby reducing the damage to the GaN switch tube M1 caused by excessive current.

[0090] In some embodiments, reference Figure 7 The current limiting circuit 113 includes a current limiting resistor R4; both ends of the current limiting resistor R4 are respectively connected to the power supply circuit 111 and the control of the gallium nitride switch tube M1.

[0091] The current limiting circuit 113 can be implemented by a current limiting resistor R4, one end of which is connected to the cathode of the second diode D2 of the boost circuit 1111 in the power circuit 111, and the other end of which is connected to the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1.

[0092] In the above embodiment, the current limiting circuit is implemented by a current limiting resistor, which can limit the current flowing into the control electrode of the GaN switch tube and reduce the damage of the GaN switch tube caused by excessive current.

[0093] According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to Figure 8 The battery management system 10 further includes a protection circuit 114; the protection circuit 114 is respectively connected to the control electrode, the first electrode and the second electrode of the GaN switch tube M1.

[0094] In the embodiment of the present application, the battery management system 10 may further include a protection circuit 114, which is respectively connected to the control electrode, the first electrode, and the second electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1. The protection circuit 114 is connected between the control electrode and the first electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1, and can stabilize the voltage between the control electrode and the first electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1; the protection circuit 114 is connected between the control electrode and the second electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1, and can stabilize the voltage between the control electrode and the second electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1; the protection circuit 114 is connected between the first electrode and the second electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1, and can stabilize the voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1.

[0095] In the above embodiment, the battery management system also includes a protection circuit, which can stabilize the voltage between the control electrode and the first electrode, the voltage between the control electrode and the second electrode, and the voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode of the gallium nitride switching tube, thereby protecting the gallium nitride switching tube and reducing the risk of damage to the gallium nitride switching tube due to excessive voltage between any two electrodes.

[0096] According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to Fig. 9 The protection circuit 114 includes a fourth voltage regulator tube Z4, a fifth voltage regulator tube Z5, a third diode D3, a fourth diode D4 and a sixth voltage regulator tube Z6; a first end of the fourth voltage regulator tube Z4 is connected to the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1, and a second end of the fourth voltage regulator tube Z4 is connected to the anode of the third diode D3; a cathode of the third diode D3 is connected to the first electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1; a first end of the fifth voltage regulator tube Z5 is connected to the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1, and a second end of the fifth voltage regulator tube Z5 is connected to the anode of the fourth diode D4; a cathode of the fourth diode D4 is connected to the first electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1; a first end of the sixth voltage regulator tube Z6 is connected to the first electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1; and a second end of the sixth voltage regulator tube Z6 is connected to the second electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1.

[0097] In the embodiment of the present application, the protection circuit 114 includes a fourth voltage regulator tube Z4 and a third diode D3, wherein the first end of the fourth voltage regulator tube Z4 is connected to the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1, the second end of the fourth voltage regulator tube Z4 is connected to the anode of the third diode D3; and the cathode of the third diode D3 is connected to the first electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1. The fourth voltage regulator tube Z4 and the third diode D3 can stabilize the voltage between the control electrode and the first electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1.

[0098] The protection circuit 114 includes a fifth voltage regulator tube Z5 and a fourth diode D4, wherein the second end of the fifth voltage regulator tube Z5 is connected to the anode of the fourth diode D4; and the cathode of the fourth diode D4 is connected to the first electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1. The fifth voltage regulator tube Z5 and the fourth diode D4 can stabilize the voltage between the control electrode and the second electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1.

[0099] The protection circuit 114 includes a sixth voltage regulator tube Z6, a first end of which is connected to the first electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1; and a second end of which is connected to the second electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1. The sixth voltage regulator tube Z6 can stabilize the voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1.

[0100] It should be noted that the voltage regulator tubes in the embodiments of the present application can all be replaced by transient voltage suppression diodes (TVS tubes).

[0101] In the above embodiment, the protection circuit includes a fourth voltage regulator, a fifth voltage regulator, a third diode, a fourth diode and a sixth voltage regulator. In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the voltage between the control electrode and the first electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube is stabilized by the fourth voltage regulator and the third diode; the voltage between the control electrode and the second electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube is stabilized by the fifth voltage regulator and the fourth diode, and the voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube is stabilized by the sixth voltage regulator, thereby protecting the gallium nitride switch tube and reducing the risk of damage to the gallium nitride switch tube due to excessive voltage between any two electrodes.

[0102] According to some embodiments of the present application, an electric device is provided, which includes a battery pack 20 and the battery management system 10 in the above embodiment.

[0103] In an embodiment of the present application, the electrical device includes a battery pack 20 and a battery management system 10, the battery management system 10 includes a microcontroller unit MCU, a control circuit 11 and a gallium nitride switch tube M1; the microcontroller unit MCU is connected to the control circuit 11; the control circuit 11 is also connected to the control electrodes of the battery pack 20 and the gallium nitride switch tube M1 respectively, the first electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack 20, and the second electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube M1 is connected to the load device.

[0104] The power-consuming device also includes a plurality of sensors, which may be arranged in the battery pack 20 or outside the battery pack 20. The plurality of sensors may include a voltage sensor, a current sensor, a temperature sensor, etc. The microcontroller unit MCU is respectively connected to each sensor for communication, and obtains the status information of the battery pack 20 from the plurality of sensors. The status information includes the voltage, current, and temperature of the battery pack 20 and the voltage, current, and temperature of a single cell in the battery pack 20.

[0105] The microcontroller unit MCU outputs a control signal to the control circuit 11 according to the acquired status information of the battery pack 20. The control circuit 11 receives the control signal and controls the GaN switch M1 to turn on or off according to the control signal, thereby turning on or off the connection between the battery pack 20 and the load device.

[0106] In the above embodiment, the power-consuming device includes a battery pack and a battery management system. The battery management system can conduct the connection between the battery pack and the load device when the battery pack is needed to power the load device, and promptly cut off the connection between the battery pack and the load device when the battery pack fails or is abnormal, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack and reducing the risk of load device failure caused by battery pack failure. In addition, the battery management system only sets one gallium nitride switch tube between the battery pack and the load device, so that when the connection between the battery pack and the load device is cut off, the disconnection state can be stably maintained, reducing the risk of misconnection between the battery pack and the load device, and improving the safety of the battery pack and the load device.

[0107] According to some embodiments of the present application, a battery management method is provided, which is described by applying the method to the microcontroller unit in the above embodiment, and may include the following steps: outputting a control signal to a control circuit of a battery management system according to status information of a battery pack.

[0108] Among them, the control signal is used to instruct the control circuit to control the on and off of the gallium nitride switch tube in the battery management system to turn on or off the connection between the battery pack and the load device.

[0109] The microcontroller unit can obtain the status information of the battery pack, determine whether the battery pack can supply power to the load device according to the status information of the battery pack, generate a corresponding control signal according to the determination result, and output the control signal to the control circuit.

[0110] The control circuit receives the control signal and controls the GaN switch tube to conduct according to the control signal, thereby conducting the connection between the battery pack and the load device, so that the battery pack supplies power to the load device. Alternatively, the control circuit controls the GaN switch tube to turn off according to the control signal, thereby cutting off the connection between the battery pack and the load device and stopping supplying power to the load device.

[0111] In some embodiments, the control circuit includes a power supply circuit and a discharge circuit, and "outputting a control signal to the control circuit of the battery management system according to the status information of the battery pack" may include: outputting a first control signal to the power supply circuit according to the status information of the battery pack; or outputting a second control signal to the discharge circuit according to the status information of the battery pack.

[0112] Among them, the first control signal is used to instruct the control circuit to control the gallium nitride switch tube to turn on, so as to conduct the connection between the battery pack and the load device; the second control signal is used to instruct the control circuit to control the gallium nitride switch tube to turn off, so as to cut off the connection between the battery pack and the load device.

[0113] The microcontroller unit determines whether the battery pack can power the load device according to the status information of the battery pack. For example, if the microcontroller unit determines that the battery pack can power the load device according to the status information of the battery pack, it generates a first control signal and transmits the first control signal to the control circuit, so that the control circuit controls the gallium nitride switch tube to conduct according to the first control signal, thereby conducting the connection between the battery pack and the load device.

[0114] If the microcontroller unit determines based on the status information of the battery pack that the battery pack cannot power the load device, for example, the voltage of the battery pack exceeds the first preset voltage range, or the current of the battery pack exceeds the preset current range, or the voltage of the single cell exceeds the second preset voltage range, or the temperature of the single cell exceeds the preset temperature range, then a second control signal is generated and transmitted to the control circuit, so that the control circuit controls the gallium nitride switch tube to turn off according to the second control signal, thereby cutting off the connection between the battery pack and the load device.

[0115] In the above embodiment, the microcontroller unit can conduct the connection between the battery pack and the load device when the battery pack is required to power the load device, and promptly cut off the connection between the battery pack and the load device when the battery pack fails or is abnormal, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack and reducing the risk of load device failure caused by battery pack failure. In addition, the microcontroller unit can control the on and off of the gallium nitride switch tube through the power circuit and the discharge circuit respectively, thereby improving the reliability of on and off, and further improving the safety of the battery pack and the load device.

[0116] It should be understood that, although the various steps in the above flowchart are displayed in sequence according to the indication of the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence according to the order indicated by the arrows. Unless there is a clear description in this article, the execution of these steps is not strictly limited in order, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a part of the steps in the above flowchart may include multiple steps or multiple stages, and these steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily to be carried out in sequence, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a part of the steps or stages in other steps.

[0117] According to some embodiments of the present application, an electronic device is provided. The electronic device may be the micro control unit in the above embodiment, and its internal structure diagram may be as shown in FIG. Fig.10As shown. The electronic device includes a processor, a memory, an input / output interface, and a communication interface. The processor, the memory, and the input / output interface are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface, the display unit, and the input device are connected to the system bus via the input / output interface. The processor of the electronic device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the electronic device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The input / output interface of the electronic device is used to exchange information between the processor and an external device. The communication interface of the electronic device is used to communicate with an external terminal in a wired or wireless manner, and the wireless manner can be implemented through WIFI, a mobile cellular network, NFC (near field communication) or other technologies. When the computer program is executed by the processor, a battery management method is implemented.

[0118] Those skilled in the art will understand that Fig.10 The structure shown in the figure is merely a block diagram of a partial structure related to the scheme of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device to which the scheme of the present application is applied. The specific electronic device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.

[0119] According to some embodiments of the present application, there is also provided a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium including instructions, such as a memory including instructions, and the above instructions can be executed by a processor of an electronic device to complete the above method. For example, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium can be a ROM, a random access memory (RAM), a CD-ROM, a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, an optical data storage device, etc.

[0120] According to some embodiments of the present application, a computer program product is also provided, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above method can be implemented. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When these computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, part or all of the above method can be implemented in whole or in part according to the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application.

[0121] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to the memory, database or other medium used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. As an illustration and not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM). The database involved in each embodiment provided in this application may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include distributed databases based on blockchains, etc., but are not limited to this. The processor involved in each embodiment provided in this application may be a general-purpose processor, a central processing unit, a graphics processor, a digital signal processor, a programmable logic device, a data processing logic device based on quantum computing, etc., but are not limited to this.

[0122] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0123] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, which is convenient for understanding the technical solutions of the present application in detail, but cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, without departing from the concept of the present application, several modifications and improvements can be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present application. It should be understood that the technical solutions obtained by those skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the technical solutions provided in the present application are all within the protection scope of the attached claims described in the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of this application shall be based on the contents of the attached claims, and the description and drawings can be used to explain the contents of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery management system, characterized in that: The battery management system includes a microcontroller unit, a control circuit, a gallium nitride switch tube and a protection circuit; the control circuit includes a power circuit and a discharge circuit; The micro control unit is connected to the power supply circuit and the discharge circuit respectively; the micro control unit is used to output a first control signal to the power supply circuit according to the status information of the battery pack, or output a second control signal to the discharge circuit; The power supply circuit is also connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack and the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube respectively; the power supply circuit is used to control the gallium nitride switch tube to conduct according to the first control signal, so as to conduct the connection between the battery pack and the load device; The discharge circuit is also connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack and the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube; the discharge circuit is used to control the gallium nitride switch tube to turn off according to the second control signal to cut off the connection between the battery pack and the load device; The protection circuit includes a fourth voltage regulator tube, a fifth voltage regulator tube, a third diode, a fourth diode and a sixth voltage regulator tube; The first end of the fourth voltage regulator tube is connected to the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube, and the second end of the fourth voltage regulator tube is connected to the anode of the third diode; The cathode of the third diode is connected to the first electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube; The first end of the fifth voltage regulator tube is connected to the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube, and the second end of the fifth voltage regulator tube is connected to the anode of the fourth diode; The cathode of the fourth diode is connected to the first electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube; The first end of the sixth voltage regulator tube is connected to the first electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube; the second end of the sixth voltage regulator tube is connected to the second electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube.

2. The battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply circuit includes a boost circuit, and the boost circuit is respectively connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack and the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube; The boost circuit is used to boost the positive electrode voltage of the battery pack according to the first control signal, and transmit the boosted voltage to the gallium nitride switch tube to control the conduction of the gallium nitride switch tube to conduct the connection between the battery pack and the load device.

3. The battery management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The boost circuit includes a first diode, a first capacitor, a first resistor, a first voltage regulator tube, and a second diode, a second capacitor, a second resistor, and a second voltage regulator tube; An anode of the first diode is connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack, and a cathode of the first diode is connected to the first end of the first capacitor; The second end of the first capacitor is connected to the first end of the first resistor; The second end of the first resistor is connected to the first end of the first voltage regulator tube; The second end of the first voltage regulator tube is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack; The anode of the second diode is connected to the cathode of the first diode, and the cathode of the second diode is connected to the first end of the second capacitor and the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube; The second end of the second capacitor is connected to the first end of the second resistor; The second end of the second resistor is connected to the first end of the second voltage regulator tube; The second end of the second voltage regulator is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack.

4. The battery management system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power supply circuit also includes a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor and a third voltage regulator tube; Two ends of the third capacitor are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery pack; The fourth capacitor is connected in parallel with the third voltage regulator to form a parallel circuit, a first end of the parallel circuit is connected to the cathode of the second diode, and a second end of the parallel circuit is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack.

5. The battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge circuit includes a discharge switch tube and a third resistor; The control electrode of the discharge switch tube is connected to the micro control unit, the first electrode of the discharge switch tube is connected to the first end of the third resistor, and the second electrode of the discharge switch tube is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack; The second end of the third resistor is connected to the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube.

6. The battery management system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The control circuit further includes a current limiting circuit, which is arranged between the power supply circuit and the control electrode of the gallium nitride switch tube.

7. The battery management system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The current limiting circuit includes a current limiting resistor; The two ends of the current limiting resistor are respectively connected to the power supply circuit and the control of the gallium nitride switch tube.

8. An electrical device, characterized in that: The electrical device comprises a battery pack and a battery management system as described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. A battery management method, characterized in that: The battery management system according to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises a microcontroller unit, a control circuit, a gallium nitride switch tube and a protection circuit; the control circuit comprises a power supply circuit and a discharge circuit, and the method comprises: Outputting a first control signal to the power circuit according to the status information of the battery pack; wherein the first control signal is used to instruct the power circuit to control the gallium nitride switch tube to turn on, so as to conduct the connection between the battery pack and the load device; Alternatively, a second control signal is output to the discharge circuit according to the status information of the battery pack; wherein the second control signal is used to instruct the discharge circuit to control the gallium nitride switch tube to turn off, so as to cut off the connection between the battery pack and the load device.

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