Ecological filter bed system for coal transportation expressway

Abstract

The invention provides an ecological filter bed system for a coal transportation highway, and belongs to the technical field of highway engineering. The ecological filter bed system comprises a first side ditch, a second side ditch, a first-stage sedimentation tank, a second-stage sedimentation tank, a third-stage sedimentation tank, a first filter medium layer and a second filter medium layer, drainage water in a road surface and a tunnel hole is guided into the first-stage sedimentation tank by the first side ditch, drainage water in a side slope is guided into the second-stage sedimentation tank by the second side ditch, and drainage water in the third-stage sedimentation tank is guided into the second-stage sedimentation tank by the second side ditch. The first-stage sedimentation tank, the second-stage sedimentation tank and the third-stage sedimentation tank are sequentially connected, the first filtering medium layer is arranged in the first-stage sedimentation tank and used for filtering suspended particles in water, and the second filtering medium layer is arranged in the second-stage sedimentation tank and used for removing sulfur elements and nitrogen elements in the water. The device has the function of purifying the water quality of a coal transportation route, and the influence of scattered coal ash on the environment in the coal transportation process is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of highway engineering, and in particular to an ecological filter bed system for a coal transportation highway. Background Art

[0002] As one of the main energy sources in my country, coal occupies an important position in the development process of my country. At the same time, coal transportation is also an important part of the transportation industry. During the coal transportation process, coal ash will fall with the operation of the vehicle, polluting the local water quality. In view of this, the present application provides an ecological filter bed system for coal transportation highways. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes an ecological filter bed system for coal transportation highways.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved in this way:

[0005] An ecological filter bed system for a coal transport highway comprises a first side ditch, a second side ditch, a primary sedimentation tank, a secondary sedimentation tank, a tertiary sedimentation tank, a first filter medium layer and a second filter medium layer, wherein the first side ditch directs drainage from a road surface and a tunnel hole to the primary sedimentation tank, and the second side ditch directs drainage from a slope to the secondary sedimentation tank, the primary sedimentation tank, the secondary sedimentation tank and the tertiary sedimentation tank are connected in sequence, the first filter medium layer is arranged in the primary sedimentation tank for filtering suspended particles in water, and the second medium filter layer is arranged in the secondary sedimentation tank for removing sulfur and nitrogen elements in water.

[0006] Furthermore, the primary sedimentation tank and the secondary sedimentation tank, and the secondary sedimentation tank and the tertiary sedimentation tank are connected through first drainage outlets, and two first drainage outlets are respectively arranged at the top of the side of the primary sedimentation tank and the secondary sedimentation tank.

[0007] Furthermore, the primary sedimentation tank includes a first tank body part and a second tank body part, the first side ditch is connected to the first tank body part, the second tank body part is connected to the secondary sedimentation tank, the first tank body part and the second tank body part are connected through a second drain outlet, the second drain outlet is arranged at the bottom of the side of the tank body part, and the first filter medium layer is arranged in the first tank body part.

[0008] Furthermore, the first filter medium layer includes a gravel filter layer, a gangue filter layer, a coal slag filter layer and a river sand filter layer which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom.

[0009] Furthermore, the gravel particle size in the gravel filter layer is -cm.

[0010] Furthermore, the second filter medium layer includes an activated carbon filter layer and an activated alumina filter layer which are distributed up and down.

[0011] Furthermore, alum is added into the secondary sedimentation tank.

[0012] Furthermore, a composite microbial flora is added into the secondary sedimentation tank, and the composite microbial flora includes Thiobacillus, Denitrifying Thiobacillus, nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria.

[0013] Furthermore, the top of the tertiary sedimentation tank is connected to a third drain outlet, and the third drain outlet is connected to a drainage ditch.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] Through the three-stage filtration of the primary sedimentation tank, the secondary sedimentation tank and the tertiary sedimentation tank, and through the joint action of the first filter medium layer, the second filter medium layer and the microbial flora, the water quality can be efficiently filtered and the sulfur and nitrogen elements in the water can be removed, thereby achieving water purification. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the ecological filter bed system for coal transportation highways of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a primary sedimentation tank of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1. First side ditch; 2. Second side ditch; 3. Primary sedimentation tank; 3.1. First tank body; 3.2. Second tank body; 4. Secondary sedimentation tank; 5. Tertiary sedimentation tank; 6. First drainage outlet; 7. Second drainage outlet; 8. Gravel filter layer; 9. Gangue filter layer; 10. Cinder filter layer; 11. River sand filter layer; 12. Activated carbon filter layer; 13. Activated alumina filter layer; 14. Reservoir. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this embodiment provides an ecological filter bed system for a coal transportation highway, including a first side ditch 1, a second side ditch 2, a primary sedimentation tank 3, a secondary sedimentation tank 4, a tertiary sedimentation tank 5, a first filter medium layer and a second filter medium layer. The first side ditch 1 leads the drainage from the road surface and the tunnel to the primary sedimentation tank 3, and the second side ditch 2 leads the slope drainage to the secondary sedimentation tank 4. The primary sedimentation tank 3, the secondary sedimentation tank 4 and the tertiary sedimentation tank 5 are connected in sequence. The first filter medium layer is arranged in the primary sedimentation tank 3 to filter suspended particles in the water, and the second medium filter layer is arranged in the secondary sedimentation tank 4 to remove sulfur and nitrogen elements in the water.

[0021] The top of the tertiary sedimentation tank 5 is connected to a third drain outlet, and the third drain outlet is connected to a drain ditch, which is connected to the reservoir 14. After passing through the primary sedimentation tank 3 and the secondary sedimentation tank 4, the water enters the tertiary sedimentation tank 5. After further sedimentation in the tertiary sedimentation tank 5, it is discharged into the reservoir 14 through the third drain outlet and the drain ditch. The drainage in the road surface and the tunnel hole is led to the primary sedimentation tank 3 through the first side ditch 1. The water in the primary sedimentation tank 3 is filtered by the first filter medium layer and then passes through the secondary sedimentation tank 4 and the tertiary sedimentation tank 5 in sequence. The second side ditch 2 leads the slope drainage to the secondary sedimentation tank 4. After the water in the secondary sedimentation tank 4 is purified by the second filter medium layer, it is precipitated in the tertiary sedimentation tank 5 and finally discharged into the reservoir 14.

[0022] Among them, the primary sedimentation tank 3 and the secondary sedimentation tank 4, as well as the secondary sedimentation tank 4 and the tertiary sedimentation tank 5 are connected through the first drainage outlet 6, and the two first drainage outlets 6 are respectively arranged on the top of the side of the primary sedimentation tank 3 and the secondary sedimentation tank 4.

[0023] The primary sedimentation tank 3 includes a first tank body part 3.1 and a second tank body part 3.2. The first side ditch 1 is connected to the first tank body part 3.1, and the second tank body part 3.2 is connected to the secondary sedimentation tank 4. The first tank body part 3.1 and the second tank body part 3.2 are connected through a second drain port 7. The second drain port 7 is arranged at the bottom of the side of the tank body part, and the first filter medium layer is arranged in the first tank body part 3.1. The first side ditch 1 leads the drainage from the road surface and the tunnel hole to the first tank body part 3.1. After the water is filtered by the first filter medium layer in the first tank body part 3.1, it enters the second tank body part 3.2 from the second drain port 7, and then enters the secondary sedimentation tank 4 from the second tank body part 3.2 through the first drain port 6. The first tank body part 3.1 is arranged in a top-in and bottom-out manner, so that water can effectively pass through the first filter medium layer, thereby improving the water quality filtering effect.

[0024] The first filter medium layer includes a gravel filter layer 8, a gangue filter layer 9, a coal slag filter layer 10 and a river sand filter layer 11 which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom. The gravel particle size in the gravel filter layer 8 is 3-10 cm, and its main function is to filter large suspended particles in the water. The gangue filter layer 9 and the coal slag filter layer 10 have good adsorption capacity and can effectively filter suspended particles such as coal ash and coal powder in the water; and through the river sand filter layer 11, a four-stage filtration is formed to effectively purify the water quality.

[0025] The second filter medium layer includes an activated carbon filter layer 12 and an activated alumina filter layer 13 which are arranged in an upper and lower manner. The activated carbon filter layer 12 has good adsorption properties and can effectively adsorb suspended matter and free ions in water. The activated alumina filter layer 13 can effectively adsorb sulfate ions and remove sulfur-containing elements in water.

[0026] A composite microbial flora is added to the secondary sedimentation tank 4, and the composite microbial flora includes Thiobacillus, Thiobacillus denitrificans, nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria. Thiobacillus can oxidize sulfide into elemental sulfur or sulfate, or oxidize thiosulfate into sulfate; Thiobacillus denitrificans exhibits aerobic characteristics under aerobic conditions, and uses oxygen as an electron acceptor to oxidize sulfur compounds to obtain energy, while under anaerobic conditions, through denitrification reactions, sulfur and nitrogen are circulated at the same time, and oxygen in nitrates is used to oxidize sulfur compounds; Nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria convert various nitrogen-containing compounds in water into molecular nitrogen through microbial nitrification and denitrification; and sulfur-containing elements are removed under the action of activated alumina.

[0027] Alum is added into the secondary sedimentation tank 4, which has the function of accelerating the sedimentation of suspended particles in the water after being dissolved in water.

[0028] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological filter bed system for coal transportation highways, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first side ditch (1), a second side ditch (2), a primary sedimentation tank (3), a secondary sedimentation tank (4), a tertiary sedimentation tank (5), a first filter medium layer and a second filter medium layer, wherein the first side ditch (1) guides drainage from a road surface and a tunnel hole to the primary sedimentation tank (3), and the second side ditch (2) guides drainage from a slope to the secondary sedimentation tank (4). The primary sedimentation tank (3), the secondary sedimentation tank (4) and the tertiary sedimentation tank (5) are connected in sequence, the first filter medium layer is arranged in the primary sedimentation tank (3) and is used for filtering suspended particles in water, and the second filter medium layer is arranged in the secondary sedimentation tank (4) and is used for removing sulfur and nitrogen elements in water.

2. The ecological filter bed system for coal transportation highway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary sedimentation tank (3) and the secondary sedimentation tank (4), as well as the secondary sedimentation tank (4) and the tertiary sedimentation tank (5) are connected via first drainage outlets (6), and the two first drainage outlets (6) are respectively arranged at the top of the side of the primary sedimentation tank (3) and the secondary sedimentation tank (4).

3. The ecological filter bed system for coal transportation highway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary sedimentation tank (3) comprises a first tank body part (3.1) and a second tank body part (3.2), the first side ditch (1) is connected to the first tank body part (3.1), the second tank body part (3.2) is connected to the secondary sedimentation tank (4), the first tank body part (3.1) and the second tank body part (3.2) are connected via a second drainage port (7), the second drainage port (7) is arranged at the bottom of the side of the tank body part, and the first filter medium layer is arranged in the first tank body part (3.1).

4. The ecological filter bed system for coal transportation highway according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first filter medium layer comprises a gravel filter layer (8), a coal gangue filter layer (9), a coal slag filter layer (10) and a river sand filter layer (11) which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom.

5. The ecological filter bed system for coal transportation highway according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gravel particle size in the gravel filter layer (8) is 3-10 cm.

6. The ecological filter bed system for coal transportation highway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second filter medium layer comprises an activated carbon filter layer (12) and an activated alumina filter layer (13) which are arranged vertically.

7. The ecological filter bed system for coal transportation highway according to claim 1, characterized in that: Alum is added into the secondary sedimentation tank (4).

8. The ecological filter bed system for coal transportation highway according to claim 1, characterized in that: A composite microbial flora is added into the secondary sedimentation tank (4), wherein the composite microbial flora comprises Thiobacillus, Denitrifying Thiobacillus, nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria.

9. The ecological filter bed system for coal transportation highway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the tertiary sedimentation tank (5) is connected to a third drainage outlet, and the third drainage outlet is connected to a drainage ditch.

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