Electrode device and high-level liquid waste glass curing electric melting furnace

Abstract

The invention discloses an electrode device and a high-level liquid waste glass curing electric melting furnace, and relates to the field of high-level liquid waste treatment.The electrode device comprises an original electrode, a standby electrode and a cooling mechanism, a first threaded hole is formed in the rear end of the original electrode, a stud is arranged at the front end of the standby electrode, and the stud is matched with the first threaded hole in structure; the original electrode and the standby electrode are both used for being arranged in mounting holes in the side wall of a furnace body of the electric melting furnace, the original electrode and the standby electrode can be attached to the mounting holes and can move in the axis direction of the mounting holes, and the cooling mechanism is used for being arranged in the mounting holes and located outside the original electrode. When the original electrode in the electric melting furnace is seriously eroded, the stud of the standby electrode is installed in the first threaded hole in the rear end of the original electrode, the original electrode is pushed into the electric melting furnace in a pushing mode, stable operation of the electric melting furnace is maintained, the service life of the electric melting furnace is prolonged, the electric melting furnace does not need to be stopped to replace the electrode, and the cost is reduced. The working efficiency is prevented from being reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of high-level radioactive waste liquid treatment, in particular to an electrode device and a high-level radioactive waste liquid glass solidification electric melting furnace. Background Art

[0002] For the treatment of high-level radioactive liquid waste, the high-level radioactive liquid waste glass solidification technology is currently the most widely used technology and has been realized in engineering applications. The most commonly used method is the Joule heating ceramic electric furnace method, which has a relatively simple process, continuous feeding, large processing capacity, and a relatively long electric furnace life (up to 3 to 5 years). However, there are many factors that limit the life of the electric furnace, among which the service life of the electrode is one of the most critical factors.

[0003] The existing electric melting furnace uses plate electrodes installed in the refractory material of the side wall of the electric melting furnace body. Soft water pipes are distributed inside the plate electrodes to achieve cooling. The plate electrodes are T-shaped, and the top of the T is located inside the electric melting furnace body. During operation, if the T-shaped top of the plate electrode is corroded and damaged, it is not convenient to replace. Replacement will cause the electric melting furnace to stop operating, reducing work efficiency. Furthermore, if the plate electrode cannot be replaced in time after corrosion and damage, the power supply per unit area in the electric melting furnace will not be able to reach stability, and the glass liquid temperature cannot reach the process operating temperature, which will affect the operation of the entire electric melting furnace and even affect the life of the electric melting furnace. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an electrode device and a high-level waste liquid glass solidification electric melting furnace, which maintain the stable operation of the electric melting furnace, increase the operating life of the electric melting furnace, and avoid reducing the working efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides an electrode device, including an original electrode, a spare electrode and a cooling mechanism, wherein a first threaded hole is arranged at the rear end of the original electrode, and a stud is arranged at the front end of the spare electrode, wherein the stud matches the first threaded hole structure and can be installed in the first threaded hole, wherein the original electrode and the spare electrode are both used to be arranged in the mounting hole of the side wall of the electric melting furnace body, wherein the original electrode and the spare electrode can both fit in the mounting hole and can both move along the axial direction of the mounting hole, and wherein the cooling mechanism is used to be arranged in the mounting hole outside the original electrode.

[0007] Preferably, the cooling mechanism includes an annular tube, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, the annular tube is used to be sleeved on the outside of the original electrode, one end of the water inlet pipe is connected to the annular tube, and the other end is used to extend to the outside of the electric melting furnace body, and one end of the water outlet pipe is connected to the annular tube, and the other end is used to extend to the outside of the electric melting furnace body.

[0008] Preferably, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the annular pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the spare electrodes are provided in number of at least two, and a second threaded hole is provided at the rear end of each spare electrode. The stud matches the structure of the second threaded hole, and the stud of the spare electrode adjacent to the original electrode is used to be installed in the first threaded hole, and the stud of the rear spare electrode is used to be installed in the second threaded hole of the front spare electrode.

[0010] Preferably, both the original electrode and the spare electrode are columnar structures, and the cross section of the original electrode is the same as the cross section of the spare electrode.

[0011] Preferably, the cross-sections of the original electrode and the spare electrode are both circular or polygonal.

[0012] Preferably, the polygon is a rectangle or a regular hexagon.

[0013] The present invention also provides an electric melting furnace for glass solidification of high-level radioactive liquid waste, comprising an electric melting furnace body and an electrode device, wherein a mounting hole is arranged on the side wall of the electric melting furnace body, the original electrode is arranged in the mounting hole, the original electrode is fitted with the mounting hole and can move along the axial direction of the mounting hole, the stud of the spare electrode can be installed in the first threaded hole of the original electrode, the cooling mechanism is arranged in the mounting hole, and the cooling mechanism is located outside the original electrode.

[0014] Preferably, the mounting hole includes a first hole segment and a second hole segment arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first hole segment is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second hole segment, the original electrode is arranged in the first hole segment, the original electrode is in contact with the first hole segment, and can move along the axial direction of the first hole segment, and the cooling mechanism is arranged in the second hole segment.

[0015] Preferably, a plurality of the mounting holes are provided on the side wall of the furnace body of the electric melting furnace, a plurality of the electrode devices are provided, and each mounting hole is provided with an electrode device.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0017] The electrode device of the present invention comprises an original electrode, a spare electrode and a cooling mechanism, wherein a first threaded hole is arranged at the rear end of the original electrode, and a stud is arranged at the front end of the spare electrode, and the stud matches the first threaded hole structure. When the original electrode inside the electric melting furnace is seriously corroded, the stud of the spare electrode is installed in the first threaded hole at the rear end of the original electrode, and the original electrode is pushed into the electric melting furnace by pushing, so as to ensure the stability of the power transmission per unit area of ​​the electrode inside the electric melting furnace, maintain the stable operation of the electric melting furnace, and improve the operation life of the electric melting furnace, and there is no need to stop the electric melting furnace to replace the electrode, thereby avoiding reducing the work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the use of the electrode device provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the original electrode in the electrode device provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a spare electrode in the electrode device provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation when the original electrode and the spare electrode in the electrode device provided by the present invention are both cylindrical;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of installation when the original electrode and the spare electrode in the electrode device provided by the present invention are both in the shape of rectangular columns;

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure when both side walls of the high-level radioactive waste glass solidification electric melting furnace provided by the present invention are provided with electrode devices;

[0025] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting holes on the side wall of the electric melting furnace body of the high-level radioactive waste glass solidification electric melting furnace provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of a side wall of a high-level radioactive waste glass solidification electric melting furnace provided by the present invention in which a plurality of electrode devices are arranged and both the original electrode and the spare electrode are cylindrical;

[0027] Fig. 9A schematic diagram of a structure in which a plurality of electrode devices are arranged on one side wall of the high-level radioactive waste glass solidification electric melting furnace provided by the present invention, and both the original electrode and the spare electrode are in the shape of square columns;

[0028] Fig.10 A schematic structural diagram of a case where a plurality of electrode devices are arranged on one side wall of the high-level radioactive waste glass solidification electric melting furnace provided by the present invention, and both the original electrode and the spare electrode are in the shape of regular hexagonal columns.

[0029] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. original electrode; 2. first threaded hole; 3. spare electrode; 4. stud; 5. second threaded hole; 6. annular pipe; 7. water inlet pipe; 8. water outlet pipe; 9. electric melting furnace body; 10. mounting hole; 101. first hole section; 102. second hole section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electrode device and a high-level waste liquid glass solidification electric melting furnace, which can maintain the stable operation of the electric melting furnace, increase the operating life of the electric melting furnace, and avoid reducing the working efficiency.

[0032] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment provides an electrode device, including an original electrode 1, a spare electrode 3 and a cooling mechanism. The rear end of the original electrode 1 is provided with a first threaded hole 2, and the front end of the spare electrode 3 is provided with a stud 4. The stud 4 matches the structure of the first threaded hole 2, and the stud 4 can be installed in the first threaded hole 2. The original electrode 1 and the spare electrode 3 are both used to be set in the mounting hole 10 on the side wall of the electric melting furnace body 9. The front end of the original electrode 1 is used to extend to the interior of the electric melting furnace body 9. The original electrode 1 and the spare electrode 3 can both fit with the mounting hole 10 and can both move along the axial direction of the mounting hole 10. The cooling mechanism is used to be set in the mounting hole 10 and is located outside the original electrode 1.

[0034] When the original electrode 1 inside the electric furnace is severely corroded, the stud 4 of the spare electrode 3 is installed in the first threaded hole 2 at the rear end of the original electrode 1, and the original electrode 1 is pushed into the electric furnace by pushing, and the pushing is continued to ensure the stability of the power transmission per unit area of ​​the electrode inside the electric furnace, that is, the good function of the electrode inside the furnace is maintained to avoid the influence of the overall power transmission function in the case of local damage to the electrode. After the local electrode is pushed into the electric furnace, the electric field inside the electric furnace is kept stable, thereby maintaining the stable operation of the electric furnace, increasing the operating life of the electric furnace, and there is no need to stop the electric furnace to replace the electrode, thereby avoiding reducing work efficiency.

[0035] The cooling mechanism includes an annular tube 6, a water inlet pipe 7 and a water outlet pipe 8. The annular tube 6 is used to be sleeved on the outside of the original electrode 1 and is located in the mounting hole 10. In order to improve the cooling effect, the inner wall of the annular tube 6 fits with the outer wall of the original electrode 1, and the original electrode 1 can move relative to the annular tube 6.

[0036] One end of the water inlet pipe 7 is connected to the annular pipe 6, and the other end is used to extend to the outside of the electric melting furnace body 9. The water inlet pipe 7 is used to pass cold water. One end of the water outlet pipe 8 is connected to the annular pipe 6, and the other end is used to extend to the outside of the electric melting furnace body 9. The water outlet pipe 8 is used to flow out cold water after heat exchange.

[0037] In order to allow cold water to fully flow in the annular pipe 6 , the water inlet pipe 7 and the water outlet pipe 8 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the annular pipe 6 .

[0038] There are at least two spare electrodes 3, and a second threaded hole 5 is provided at the rear end of each spare electrode 3. The stud 4 matches the structure of the second threaded hole 5. The stud 4 of the spare electrode 3 adjacent to the original electrode 1 is used to be installed in the first threaded hole 2, and the stud 4 of the rear spare electrode 3 is used to be installed in the second threaded hole 5 of the front spare electrode 3.

[0039] When the electric furnace is used for a long time and most of the original electrode 1 is corroded and consumed, another spare electrode 3 can be installed at the rear end of the spare electrode 3 adjacent to the original electrode 1, and the spare electrode 3 adjacent to the original electrode 1 is pushed into the furnace body 9 of the electric furnace. At this time, the cooling mechanism is located outside the spare electrode 3 adjacent to the original electrode 1 to cool it down, thereby maintaining the stable operation of the electric furnace.

[0040] The cooling mechanism in this embodiment can cool down the original electrode 1 and the spare electrode 3 located therein, and can also cool down the side walls of the electric melting furnace body 9, thereby ensuring the cooling of the electrodes and the side walls of the electric melting furnace body 9.

[0041] The original electrode 1 and the spare electrode 3 are both columnar structures. The cross section of the original electrode 1 is consistent from front to back, and the cross section of the spare electrode 3 is consistent from front to back. The cross section of the original electrode 1 is the same as the cross section of the spare electrode 3.

[0042] In this specific embodiment, the cross-sections of the original electrode 1 and the spare electrode 3 are both circular or polygonal. Specifically, the polygon is a rectangle or a regular hexagon.

[0043] like Figure 4 As shown, when the cross sections of the original electrode 1 and the spare electrode 3 are both circular, that is, the original electrode 1 and the spare electrode 3 are both cylindrical, the annular tube 6 is a circular annular tube 6, and the water inlet pipe 7 and the water outlet pipe 8 are both circular tubes.

[0044] like Figure 5 As shown, when the cross sections of the original electrode 1 and the spare electrode 3 are both rectangular, that is, the original electrode 1 and the spare electrode 3 are both rectangular columns, the annular tube 6 is a rectangular annular tube 6, and the water inlet pipe 7 and the water outlet pipe 8 are both rectangular tubes.

[0045] like Figure 6-Figure 10 As shown, the present embodiment further provides an electric melting furnace for glass solidification of high-level radioactive liquid waste, including an electric melting furnace body 9 and an electrode device. The electric melting furnace body 9 in the present embodiment is made of refractory material, and a mounting hole 10 is arranged on the side wall of the electric melting furnace body 9. The original electrode 1 is arranged in the mounting hole 10. The original electrode 1 fits the mounting hole 10 and can move along the axial direction of the mounting hole 10. The stud 4 of the spare electrode 3 can be installed in the first threaded hole 2 of the original electrode 1. The cooling mechanism is arranged in the mounting hole 10, and the cooling mechanism is located outside the original electrode 1.

[0046] like Figure 7 As shown, the mounting hole 10 includes a first hole segment 101 and a second hole segment 102 arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first hole segment 101 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second hole segment 102, the original electrode 1 is arranged in the first hole segment 101, the original electrode 1 fits with the first hole segment 101, and can move along the axis direction of the first hole segment 101, and the cooling mechanism is arranged in the second hole segment 102. The outer wall of the annular tube 6 in this embodiment fits with the inner wall of the second hole segment 102.

[0047] In this embodiment, the length of the second hole section 102 is greater than that of the first hole section 101 , and the annular tube 6 is installed at one end of the second hole section 102 close to the first hole section 101 .

[0048] Specifically, the number of electrode devices can be increased according to actual usage to achieve stable power transmission inside the electric furnace and ensure safe and stable operation of the electric furnace. To this end, in this embodiment, a plurality of mounting holes 10 are provided on the side wall of the furnace body 9 of the electric furnace, and a plurality of electrode devices are provided, and each mounting hole 10 is provided with an electrode device.

[0049] like Figure 6 As shown, mounting holes 10 are arranged on two symmetrically arranged side walls of the electric melting furnace body 9, and each side wall is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 10 sequentially arranged in the horizontal direction.

[0050] In this specific embodiment, each side wall is provided with 2 to 3 mounting holes 10 arranged in sequence along the horizontal direction.

[0051] like Figure 8 As shown, when the cross-sections of the original electrode 1 and the spare electrode 3 are both circular, that is, the original electrode 1 and the spare electrode 3 are both cylindrical, and each side wall is provided with three mounting holes 10 arranged in sequence in the horizontal direction, the mounting holes 10 are circular holes, and the spacing between any two adjacent original electrodes 1 is greater than the radius of the original electrode 1 and smaller than the diameter of the original electrode 1. The diameters of the original electrode 1 and the spare electrode 3 are slightly smaller than the diameter of the first hole section 101 of the circular hole, so that the original electrode 1 and the spare electrode 3 can pass through the first hole section 101 of the circular hole conveniently, and at the same time, prevent the glass liquid inside the electric melting furnace from penetrating at high temperature.

[0052] like Fig. 9 As shown, when the cross sections of the original electrode 1 and the spare electrode 3 are both square, that is, the original electrode 1 and the spare electrode 3 are both square columns, and each side wall is provided with three mounting holes 10 arranged in sequence in the horizontal direction, the mounting hole 10 is a square hole, and the spacing between any two adjacent original electrodes 1 is greater than the side length of the cross section of the original electrode 1, and less than 2 times the side length of the cross section of the original electrode 1. The size of the original electrode 1 and the spare electrode 3 is slightly smaller than the size of the first hole section 101 of the square hole, so that the original electrode 1 and the spare electrode 3 can pass through the first hole section 101 of the square hole, and at the same time, prevent the glass liquid inside the electric melting furnace from penetrating at high temperature.

[0053] like Fig.10 As shown, when the cross-sections of the original electrode 1 and the spare electrode 3 are both regular hexagons, that is, the original electrode 1 and the spare electrode 3 are both regular hexagonal columns, and each side wall is provided with three mounting holes 10 arranged in sequence in the horizontal direction, the mounting holes 10 are regular hexagonal holes, and the spacing between any two adjacent original electrodes 1 is greater than the side length of the cross-section of the original electrode 1, and less than 2 times the side length of the cross-section of the original electrode 1. The size of the original electrode 1 and the spare electrode 3 is slightly smaller than the size of the first hole section 101 of the regular hexagonal hole, which facilitates the original electrode 1 and the spare electrode 3 to pass through the first hole section 101 of the regular hexagonal hole, while preventing the glass liquid inside the electric melting furnace from penetrating at high temperature.

[0054] When the electrodes in the electric furnace are obviously damaged due to the erosion and scouring of the glass liquid, the electrode power transmission and the electric field distribution requirements inside the electric furnace cannot be guaranteed. The exact position of the damaged electrode among multiple electrodes is determined by the power transmission of each electrode, and the damaged electrode is pushed into the furnace to ensure that the electric field inside the furnace can meet the actual operation requirements.

[0055] When the electrode inside the electric furnace is damaged, under the same current transmission condition, the temperature inside the furnace drops by 50℃~100℃. At the same time, under the same temperature, the transmission current and voltage increase. After the electrode is determined to be damaged, the current density of the electrode will increase, accelerating the erosion of the electrode, forming a vicious circle. At the same time, the erosion of the electrode can also be judged by observing the water temperature in the water outlet pipe 8. Under the same water delivery rate in the cooling mechanism, the water temperature of the water outlet pipe 8 gradually increases, and the electrode temperature does not drop significantly, requiring more water delivery.

[0056] Based on the above method, the situation of electrode damage can be judged, and the electrode device in this embodiment can be used to achieve rapid advancement of the electrode in the furnace body 9 of the electric melting furnace, thereby ensuring the power transmission density of the electrode inside the electric melting furnace, maintaining the stable operation of the electric melting furnace, and increasing the operating life of the electric melting furnace.

[0057] The present specification uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrode device, characterized in that: It includes an original electrode, a spare electrode and a cooling mechanism. The rear end of the original electrode is provided with a first threaded hole, the front end of the spare electrode is provided with a stud, the stud matches the first threaded hole structure, and the stud can be installed in the first threaded hole. The original electrode and the spare electrode are both used to be set in the mounting hole of the side wall of the electric melting furnace body. The original electrode and the spare electrode can both fit with the mounting hole and can move along the axial direction of the mounting hole. The cooling mechanism is used to be set in the mounting hole outside the original electrode.

2. The electrode device according to claim 1, characterized in that The cooling mechanism includes an annular tube, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe. The annular tube is used to be sleeved on the outside of the original electrode. One end of the water inlet pipe is connected to the annular tube, and the other end is used to extend to the outside of the electric melting furnace body. One end of the water outlet pipe is connected to the annular tube, and the other end is used to extend to the outside of the electric melting furnace body.

3. The electrode device according to claim 2, characterized in that The water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the annular pipe.

4. The electrode device according to claim 1, characterized in that The spare electrodes are arranged in at least two, and a second threaded hole is arranged at the rear end of each spare electrode. The stud matches the structure of the second threaded hole. The stud of the spare electrode adjacent to the original electrode is used to be installed in the first threaded hole, and the stud of the rear spare electrode is used to be installed in the second threaded hole of the front spare electrode.

5. The electrode device according to claim 1, characterized in that The original electrode and the spare electrode are both columnar structures, and the cross section of the original electrode is the same as the cross section of the spare electrode.

6. The electrode device according to claim 5, characterized in that The cross sections of the original electrode and the spare electrode are both circular or polygonal.

7. The electrode device according to claim 6, characterized in that The polygon is a rectangle or a regular hexagon.

8. An electric melting furnace for glass solidification of high-level radioactive waste, characterized in that: It comprises an electric melting furnace body and an electrode device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a mounting hole is arranged on the side wall of the electric melting furnace body, the original electrode is arranged in the mounting hole, the original electrode is fitted with the mounting hole and can be moved along the axial direction of the mounting hole, the stud of the spare electrode can be installed in the first threaded hole of the original electrode, the cooling mechanism is arranged in the mounting hole, and the cooling mechanism is located outside the original electrode.

9. The high-level radioactive liquid waste vitrification electric melting furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that: The mounting hole includes a first hole segment and a second hole segment arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first hole segment is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second hole segment, the original electrode is arranged in the first hole segment, the original electrode is in contact with the first hole segment, and can move along the axial direction of the first hole segment, and the cooling mechanism is arranged in the second hole segment.

10. The high-level radioactive liquid waste vitrification electric melting furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that: A plurality of the mounting holes are arranged on the side wall of the electric melting furnace body, and a plurality of the electrode devices are arranged, with one electrode device being arranged in each mounting hole.

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