Photovoltaic module frame, preparation method thereof and solar photovoltaic module

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention relates to the photovoltaic field, and provides a photovoltaic module frame and a preparation method thereof and a solar photovoltaic module, and the preparation method of the photovoltaic module frame comprises the following steps: preparing an aluminum alloy raw material which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.66-0.70% of Si, 0.56-0.60% of Mg, less than or equal to 0.05% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.05% of Cu, less than or equal to 0.02% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.18% of Fe, less than or equal to 0.15% of Zn, less than or equal to 0.15% of Ti, 0.03-0.05% of Sr, 0.03-0.15% of La and Ce, and the balance of Al; the prepared aluminum alloy raw materials are smelted into liquid aluminum alloy, and the liquid aluminum alloy is cast into an alloy profile; the alloy profile is subjected to homogenization heat treatment and then placed in extrusion equipment to be subjected to extrusion forming, and the profile is obtained; and sequentially carrying out aging treatment and surface treatment on the profile to obtain the photovoltaic module frame. According to the embodiment of the invention, the yield and preparation efficiency of the photovoltaic module frame can be improved at least, and the preparation cost of the photovoltaic module frame is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The disclosed embodiments relate to the photovoltaic field, and in particular to a photovoltaic module frame and a preparation method thereof, and a solar photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0002] Solar energy is one of the most important clean and renewable energy sources. With the development of photovoltaic technology, the cost of photovoltaic power generation has approached the cost of thermal power generation. Photovoltaic power generation is becoming more and more popular due to its low investment, zero pollution, long life and short investment payback period.

[0003] Solar photovoltaic modules are important equipment for converting solar energy into electrical energy. The photovoltaic module frame in the solar photovoltaic module is an important component used to fix the photovoltaic module. It can protect the photovoltaic module and prevent the photovoltaic module from being corroded or damaged by wind.

[0004] However, the yield and production efficiency of photovoltaic module frames in the related art are low, and the production cost is high. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a photovoltaic module frame and a preparation method thereof, and a solar photovoltaic module, which can at least improve the yield and preparation efficiency of the photovoltaic module frame and reduce the preparation cost of the photovoltaic module frame.

[0006] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, on the one hand, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for preparing a photovoltaic module frame, comprising: configuring an aluminum alloy raw material, wherein the aluminum alloy raw material comprises, in terms of mass percentage: Si 0.66% to 0.70%, Mg 0.56% to 0.60%, Mn ≤ 0.05%, Cu ≤ 0.05%, Cr ≤ 0.02%, Fe ≤ 0.18%, Zn ≤ 0.15%, Ti ≤ 0.15%, Sr 0.03% to 0.05%, the sum of La and Ce content is 0.03% to 0.15%, and the rest is Al; melting the configured aluminum alloy raw material into liquid aluminum alloy, and casting the liquid aluminum alloy into an alloy profile; subjecting the alloy profile to homogenization heat treatment and then placing it in an extrusion device for extrusion molding to obtain a profile; subjecting the profile to aging treatment and surface treatment in sequence to obtain a photovoltaic module frame.

[0007] In some embodiments, in the aluminum alloy raw material, La is 0.01% to 0.07%, and Ce is 0.02% to 0.08%, calculated by mass percentage.

[0008] In some embodiments, in the aluminum alloy raw material, the ratio of La content to Ce content is 3:7 to 1:1, calculated by mass percentage.

[0009] In some embodiments, in the aluminum alloy raw material, the ratio of Mg content to Si content is 0.8-0.9, and the sum of Cu content and Mn content is ≤0.08%, calculated by mass percentage.

[0010] In some embodiments, the homogenization heat treatment includes: heating the alloy profile to a first insulation temperature at a first heating rate, and insulation at the first insulation temperature for a first insulation time, then heating to a second insulation temperature at a second heating rate and insulation for a second insulation time, and then air cooling to below 200°C; wherein, the first heating rate is 165°C / h~195°C / h, the first insulation temperature is 460°C~490°C, the second heating rate is 110°C / h~130°C / h, the second insulation temperature is 560°C~600°C, the first insulation time is 2.5h~3.5h, and the second insulation time is 0.8h~1.2h.

[0011] In some embodiments, melting the configured aluminum alloy raw material into the liquid aluminum alloy includes: placing the aluminum alloy raw material in a melting furnace for melting, setting the melting temperature to 730°C to 760°C, and when the aluminum alloy raw material in the melting furnace melts to 725°C to 745°C, sampling and analyzing the liquid in the melting furnace, and when the aluminum alloy raw material in the melting furnace melts to 730°C to 750°C, adding component additives, wherein the component additives include elements whose element content in the liquid in the melting furnace is less than the element content in the aluminum alloy raw material.

[0012] In some embodiments, before the liquid aluminum alloy is melt-casted, the process also includes: sequentially performing a refining process, an online treatment process, and a metallurgical quality control process on the liquid aluminum alloy to obtain the liquid aluminum alloy after impurities are removed; the refining process on the liquid aluminum alloy includes: first refining under a refining gas and then letting it stand, the refining and the standing are cycled three times in sequence, the refining temperature of each refining is 725°C to 740°C, the refining time of each refining is 40min to 60min, the standing time of each time is greater than or equal to 30min, the refining gas contains argon and chlorine, and the content of chlorine accounts for 2% to 5% of the total content of the refining gas; the online treatment process includes: removing impurities from the liquid aluminum alloy using a rotating nozzle inert gas flotation method.

[0013] In some embodiments, the method for melting and casting the liquid aluminum alloy into the alloy profile includes: passing the liquid aluminum alloy into a mold through a flow channel and adding Al-Ti-B wire to refine the grains online, casting by oil-gas sliding, and the casting includes a first casting stage and a second casting stage performed in sequence; wherein, the ingot specification: diameter is 160mm~190mm; the casting temperature of the first casting stage is: 670℃~700℃; the casting temperature of the second casting stage is: 680℃~710℃; the casting speed of the first casting stage is: 135mm / min~175mm / min; the casting speed of the second casting stage is: 130mm / min~170mm / min; the water inlet temperature requirement: T=20℃~30℃; water flow rate: 490m 3 / h~690m 3 / h.

[0014] In some embodiments, the surface treatment includes: performing anodizing treatment on the profile after the aging treatment to form an oxide film with a thickness of 8 μm to 12 μm on the surface of the profile.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, on the other hand, a photovoltaic assembly frame is provided. The photovoltaic assembly frame is prepared by the method for preparing the photovoltaic assembly frame described in any of the aforementioned embodiments.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, another aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure further provides a solar photovoltaic assembly, comprising the photovoltaic assembly frame described in the above embodiments, or a photovoltaic assembly frame prepared from the photovoltaic assembly frame described in any of the above embodiments.

[0017] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure has at least the following advantages:

[0018] The preparation method of the photovoltaic module frame provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure includes the following steps: configuring aluminum alloy raw materials, the aluminum alloy raw materials include, in terms of mass percentage: Si: 0.66% to 0.70%, Mg: 0.56% to 0.60%, Mn≤0.05%, Cu≤0.05%, Cr≤0.02%, Fe≤0.18%, Zn≤0.15%, Ti≤0.15%, Sr: 0.03% to 0.05%, the sum of La and Ce content is 0.03% to 0.15%, and the rest is Al; melting the configured aluminum alloy raw materials into liquid aluminum alloy, and casting the liquid aluminum alloy into alloy profiles; subjecting the alloy profiles to homogenization heat treatment and then placing them in an extrusion device for extrusion molding to obtain profiles; subjecting the profiles to aging treatment and surface treatment in sequence to obtain photovoltaic module frames.

[0019] Aluminum alloy raw materials include silicon elements, and silicon elements and aluminum elements will form a eutectic Al-rich Si particle solid solution (primary silicon grains); introducing Sr elements into aluminum alloy raw materials, on the one hand, Sr elements will change the solidification behavior of aluminum alloys, can inhibit the precipitation of primary silicon, and then reduce the amount of epitaxial primary silicon in the alloy profile, can reduce the negative impact of primary silicon on the mechanical properties of the alloy profile, such as brittle fracture, so that the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile can be higher. On the other hand, Sr elements can also provide a large number of heterogeneous crystal nuclei for the alloy profile, increase the nucleation rate of the alloy profile, so that the grain size of the alloy profile can be reduced, and then the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile can be improved through fine grain strengthening. The above two aspects can improve the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile, so that the photovoltaic module frame prepared from the alloy profile can meet its requirements for tensile strength and yield strength, and can improve the yield rate of the photovoltaic module frame.

[0020] Introducing rare earth La and Ce elements into the aluminum alloy raw materials, on the one hand, can provide a large number of heterogeneous crystal nuclei for the alloy profile, improve the nucleation rate of the alloy profile, so that the grain size of the alloy profile can be reduced, and then the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile can be improved through fine grain strengthening. On the other hand, the added rare earth La and Ce elements can also refine the grain size of α-AlFeSi, so that the α-AlFeSi in the prepared alloy profile is dispersed, small α-AlFeSi with rounded edges. The strengthening effect of α-AlFeSi is inversely proportional to its size. The small α-AlFeSi can improve the strengthening effect on the alloy profile, and the dispersed α-AlFeSi can provide dispersion strengthening for the alloy profile, and can also improve the strengthening effect on the alloy profile. The above two aspects can improve the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile, so that the photovoltaic module frame prepared from the alloy profile can meet its requirements for tensile strength and yield strength, thereby improving the yield of the photovoltaic module frame.

[0021] The introduction of rare earth elements La and Ce as well as Sr into the aluminum alloy raw materials increases the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile, which can meet a larger extrusion ratio without causing tensile fracture. Therefore, the wall thickness of the photovoltaic module frame in the embodiment of the present disclosure can be thinner, thereby reducing the cost of preparing the photovoltaic module frame.

[0022] In addition, under normal circumstances, the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile are inversely proportional to the extrusion speed during the extrusion process. The embodiment of the present disclosure comprehensively considers the tensile strength, yield strength and extrusion speed. The tensile strength and yield strength of the prepared alloy profile are moderate. It can have a larger extrusion speed while meeting the requirements of the tensile strength and yield strength of the photovoltaic module frame, so that the yield and efficiency of the prepared photovoltaic module frame are higher. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] One or more embodiments are exemplarily illustrated by pictures in the corresponding drawings, and these exemplified descriptions do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the pictures in the drawings do not constitute a scale limitation. In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the traditional technology, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 A metallographic diagram of a photovoltaic module frame provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 2 Another metallographic diagram of the photovoltaic module frame provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 3 A scanning electron microscope image of α-AlFeSi in a photovoltaic module frame provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] Figure 4 An energy spectrum diagram of α-AlFeSi in a photovoltaic module frame provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of element composition in aluminum alloy raw materials of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4;

[0029] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module frame provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0030] Figure 7 Another structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module frame provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0031] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of a photovoltaic assembly provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a local cross-sectional structure of a photovoltaic module along the cross-sectional direction MM1 is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Some alloy profiles used in the related art for preparing photovoltaic module frames have low tensile strength and yield strength, which cannot meet the use requirements of photovoltaic module frames, resulting in a low yield rate of photovoltaic module frames. In addition, when preparing thinner photovoltaic module frames, a larger extrusion ratio is required. When using a larger extrusion ratio, alloy profiles with poor tensile strength and yield strength are difficult to form and may break during stretching, resulting in a low yield rate of photovoltaic module frames in the related art. Therefore, the wall thickness of the photovoltaic module frame will be prepared thicker, which will require more alloy profiles, making the preparation cost of the photovoltaic module frame higher.

[0034] In addition, the tensile strength and yield strength of some alloy profiles used to prepare photovoltaic module frames in the related technology are too high. Generally, the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile are inversely proportional to the extrusion speed during the extrusion process. Excessively high tensile strength and yield strength make the extrusion speed of the alloy profile slower during the extrusion process, thereby reducing the preparation efficiency of the module frame.

[0035] In summary, the yield and production efficiency of photovoltaic module frames are low, and the production cost is high.

[0036] In the preparation method for preparing a photovoltaic module frame provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the aluminum alloy raw material includes silicon element, and the silicon element and the aluminum element will form a eutectic Al-rich Si particle solid solution (primary silicon grains); the aluminum alloy raw material includes Sr element. On the one hand, the Sr element will change the solidification behavior of the aluminum alloy, which can inhibit the precipitation of primary silicon, thereby reducing the amount of epitaxial primary silicon in the alloy profile, and can reduce the negative impact of primary silicon on the mechanical properties of the alloy profile, such as brittle fracture, so that the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile can be higher. On the other hand, the Sr element can also provide a large number of heterogeneous crystal nuclei for the alloy profile, increase the nucleation rate of the alloy profile, so that the grain size of the alloy profile can be reduced, and then the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile can be improved through fine grain strengthening. The above two aspects can improve the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile, so that the photovoltaic module frame prepared from the alloy profile can meet its requirements for tensile strength and yield strength, and can improve the yield rate of the photovoltaic module frame.

[0037] Introducing rare earth La and Ce elements into the aluminum alloy raw materials, on the one hand, can provide a large number of heterogeneous crystal nuclei for the alloy profile, improve the nucleation rate of the alloy profile, reduce the grain size of the alloy profile, and further improve the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile through fine grain strengthening. On the other hand, the added rare earth La and Ce elements can also refine the grain size of α-AlFeSi, so that the α-AlFeSi in the alloy profile is dispersed, small α-AlFeSi with rounded edges. The strengthening effect of α-AlFeSi is inversely proportional to its size. The small α-AlFeSi can improve the strengthening effect on the alloy profile, and the dispersed α-AlFeSi can provide dispersion strengthening for the alloy profile, and can also improve the strengthening effect on the alloy profile. The above two aspects can improve the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile, so that the photovoltaic module frame prepared from the alloy profile can meet its requirements for tensile strength and yield strength, thereby improving the yield of the photovoltaic module frame.

[0038] The introduction of rare earth elements La and Ce as well as Sr into the aluminum alloy raw materials increases the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile, which can meet a larger extrusion ratio without causing tensile fracture. Therefore, the wall thickness of the photovoltaic module frame in the embodiment of the present disclosure can be thinner, thereby reducing the cost of preparing the photovoltaic module frame.

[0039] In addition, the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile are inversely proportional to the extrusion speed during the extrusion process. The embodiment of the present disclosure comprehensively considers the tensile strength, yield strength and extrusion speed. The tensile strength and yield strength of the prepared alloy profile are moderate. It can have a larger extrusion speed while meeting the requirements of the tensile strength and yield strength of the photovoltaic module frame, so that the yield and efficiency of the prepared photovoltaic module frame are higher.

[0040] The following will describe the various embodiments of the present disclosure in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in the various embodiments of the present disclosure, many technical details are provided in order to enable the reader to better understand the present disclosure. However, even without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments, the technical solutions claimed in the present disclosure can be implemented.

[0041] The preparation method of a photovoltaic module frame comprises: preparing aluminum alloy raw materials, wherein the aluminum alloy raw materials include, by mass percentage, Si 0.66% to 0.70%, Mg 0.56% to 0.60%, Mn ≤ 0.05%, Cu ≤ 0.05%, Cr ≤ 0.02%, Fe ≤ 0.18%, Zn ≤ 0.15%, Ti ≤ 0.15%, Sr 0.03% to 0.05%, the sum of La and Ce content is 0.03% to 0.15%, and the rest is Al; smelting the prepared aluminum alloy raw materials into liquid aluminum alloy, and casting the liquid aluminum alloy into alloy profiles; subjecting the alloy profiles to homogenization heat treatment and then placing them in an extrusion device for extrusion molding to obtain profiles; and subjecting the profiles to aging treatment and surface treatment in sequence to obtain photovoltaic module frames.

[0042] The aluminum alloy raw material is configured. According to mass percentage, the Si content in the aluminum alloy raw material can be 0.66% to 0.70%, for example, 0.66%, 0.67%, 0.68%, 0.69% or 0.70%.

[0043] The aluminum alloy raw material is configured, and the Mg content in the aluminum alloy raw material is 0.56% to 0.60% by mass, for example, 0.56%, 0.57%, 0.58%, 0.59% or 0.60%.

[0044] The aluminum alloy raw material is configured. In terms of mass percentage, the Mn content in the aluminum alloy raw material may be less than or equal to 0.05%, for example, 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04% or 0.05%.

[0045] The aluminum alloy raw material is configured. In terms of mass percentage, the Cu content in the aluminum alloy raw material may be less than or equal to 0.05%, for example, 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04% or 0.05%.

[0046] The aluminum alloy raw material is configured. In terms of mass percentage, the Cr content in the aluminum alloy raw material may be less than or equal to 0.02%, for example, 0.005%, 0.01%, 0.0015% or 0.02%.

[0047] The aluminum alloy raw material is configured. In terms of mass percentage, the Fe content in the aluminum alloy raw material may be less than or equal to 0.18%, for example, 0.05%, 0.09%, 0.1%, 0.15% or 0.18%.

[0048] The aluminum alloy raw material is configured. In terms of mass percentage, the Zn content in the aluminum alloy raw material may be less than or equal to 0.15%, for example, 0.05%, 0.1% or 0.15%.

[0049] The aluminum alloy raw material is configured. In terms of mass percentage, the Ti content in the aluminum alloy raw material may be less than or equal to 0.15%, for example, 0.05%, 0.1% or 0.15%.

[0050] The aluminum alloy raw material is configured, and the Sr content in the aluminum alloy raw material can be 0.03% to 0.05% by mass percentage, for example, 0.03%, 0.04% or 0.05%. When the Sr content is within this range, the Sr element can reduce the negative impact of primary silicon on the mechanical properties of the photovoltaic module frame, thereby improving the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile. At the same time, the Sr element can reduce the grain size of the alloy profile, so that the Sr element within this content range can improve the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile through fine grain strengthening, thereby improving the tensile strength and yield strength of the photovoltaic module frame. In addition, when the Sr content is within this range, the problem of excessive cost caused by adding excessive Sr elements can be avoided.

[0051] The aluminum alloy raw material is configured, and the sum of the La content and the Ce content in the aluminum alloy raw material is 0.03% to 0.15% by mass percentage, for example, 0.03%, 0.05%, 0.07%, 0.09%, 0.11%, 0.13% or 0.15%. The sum of the rare earth element La content and the Ce content within this range can ensure that the La element and the Ce element can refine the grain of the alloy profile and the grain of α-AlFeSi in the alloy profile, so that the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile can be improved by refining the grain size in the alloy profile and the α-AlFeSi grain size, so as to improve the tensile strength and yield strength of the photovoltaic module frame. In addition, the sum of the rare earth element La content and the Ce content within the above range can also avoid the problem of excessive cost caused by adding excessive rare earth elements La and Ce elements.

[0052] In some embodiments, in terms of mass percentage, in the aluminum alloy raw material, La may be 0.01% to 0.07%, for example, 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04%, 0.05%, 0.06% or 0.07%; Ce may be 0.02% to 0.08%, for example, 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04%, 0.05%, 0.06%, 0.07% or 0.08%. The rare earth element La content and Ce content within the above range can refine the grain of the alloy profile and the grain of α-AlFeSi in the alloy profile, thereby improving the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile by refining the grain size in the alloy profile and the α-AlFeSi grain size, so as to improve the tensile strength and yield strength of the photovoltaic module frame.

[0053] In some embodiments, in terms of mass percentage, the ratio of La content to Ce content in the aluminum alloy raw material is 3:7 to 1:1, for example, 3:7, 4:7, 5:7, 6:7 or 1:1. When the ratio of La content to Ce content is within the above range, La and Ce elements can be effectively pinned at the grain boundaries of the alloy profile, preventing the reduction of mechanical properties of the alloy profile caused by the increase of grains due to the movement and expansion of the grain boundaries, including tensile strength and yield strength, thereby ensuring that the photovoltaic module frame prepared using the alloy profile has high tensile strength and yield strength.

[0054] In some embodiments, the ratio of Mg content to Si content in the aluminum alloy raw material is 0.8 to 0.9, for example, 0.8, 0.82, 0.84, 0.86, 0.88 or 0.9, in terms of mass percentage. When the ratio of Mg content to Si content is within the above range, Mg with higher strengthening ability can be generated. 2 Si phase, Mg 2 The Si phase has high hardness and strength, and can improve the mechanical properties of the photovoltaic module frame.

[0055] The sum of the Cu content and the Mn content can be less than or equal to 0.08%, for example, 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04%, 0.05%, 0.06%, 0.07% or 0.08%. Within the above range, it is possible to avoid excessive increase in the strength of the alloy profile due to the excessively high sum of the Cu and Mn contents, which can make the alloy profile brittle, reduce the toughness and ductility of the alloy profile, and ultimately cause the alloy profile to break during processing into a photovoltaic module frame. In other words, the sum of the Cu and Mn contents within the above range can ensure that the strength and brittleness of the alloy profile are moderate, meeting the processing requirements and mechanical property requirements of the alloy profile.

[0056] The raw materials containing the above-mentioned contents are weighed to prepare aluminum alloy raw materials. The raw materials may include aluminum ingots, master alloys of aluminum and other elements (eg, Cu-Al master alloys) or metal additives.

[0057] The configured aluminum alloy raw materials are melted into liquid aluminum alloy.

[0058] In some embodiments, melting the configured aluminum alloy raw material into liquid aluminum alloy includes: placing the aluminum alloy raw material in a melting furnace for melting, and setting the melting temperature to 730° C. to 760° C. When the aluminum alloy raw material in the melting furnace is melted to a temperature of 725° C. to 745° C., sampling and analyzing the liquid in the melting furnace, and when the aluminum alloy raw material in the melting furnace is melted to a temperature of 730° C. to 750° C., adding a component additive, wherein the component additive includes an element whose element content in the liquid in the melting furnace is less than the element content in the aluminum alloy raw material.

[0059] The melting temperature may be 720°C to 760°C, for example 720°C, 730°C, 740°C, 750°C or 760°C.

[0060] During the smelting process, the liquid in the smelting furnace is sampled and analyzed, and component additives are added to elements with lower content to ensure that the content of each element in the prepared liquid aluminum alloy is the same as the content of each element in the configured aluminum alloy raw material.

[0061] In some embodiments, after smelting to obtain the liquid aluminum alloy, before casting the liquid aluminum alloy, the process further includes: sequentially subjecting the liquid aluminum alloy to a refining process, an online processing process, and a metallurgical quality control process to obtain a liquid aluminum alloy after impurities are removed. By subjecting the liquid aluminum alloy to impurities through the refining process, the online processing process, and the metallurgical quality control process, the influence of the impurities in the liquid aluminum alloy on the performance of the photovoltaic module frame finally prepared can be avoided, thereby improving the yield rate of the photovoltaic module frame preparation.

[0062] In some embodiments, the refining process of the liquid aluminum alloy may include: refining first and then standing under a refining gas, the refining and standing are performed three times in sequence, the refining temperature of each refining is 725°C to 740°C, for example, 725°C, 730°C, 735°C or 740°C. The time of each refining is 40min to 60min, for example, 40min, 45min, 50min, 55min or 60min, the time of each standing is greater than or equal to 30min, for example, 30min, 40min or 50min, etc., the refining gas contains argon and chlorine, and the content of chlorine accounts for 2% to 5% of the total content of the refining gas, for example, 2%, 3%, 4% or 5%.

[0063] The refining process can remove inclusions and gases in the liquid aluminum alloy, reduce the viscosity of the melt, and thus improve its fluidity, which is beneficial to the subsequent preparation process of the photovoltaic module frame. In addition, the refined liquid aluminum alloy can reduce defects such as shrinkage and looseness caused by gas and inclusions, thereby improving the density and mechanical properties of the prepared photovoltaic module frame.

[0064] In some embodiments, the online treatment process may include: removing impurities from the liquid aluminum alloy using a spinning nozzle inert flotation (SNIF) method.

[0065] The rotating nozzle inert gas floating method mainly uses a rotating nozzle to spray an inert gas (such as argon, nitrogen, etc.) into the liquid aluminum alloy in a high-speed rotating manner. The inert gas forms tiny bubbles under the action of the rotating nozzle, and these bubbles rise and fully contact the liquid aluminum alloy. During the rising process, the bubbles absorb impurities such as hydrogen and oxides in the liquid aluminum alloy and take them away from the liquid aluminum alloy, thereby removing impurities from the liquid aluminum alloy.

[0066] When using the rotary nozzle inert gas floatation method to remove impurities, a continuous filtration furnace (CFF, Continuous Filtration Furnace) is used. A continuous filtration furnace refers to the use of two filter plates with different apertures for two-stage filtration. The 30PPI (Pores Per Inch) and 50PPI filter plates perform coarse filtration and fine filtration on the liquid aluminum alloy respectively. The coarse filter plate (30PPI) can remove larger inclusions, such as oxides, slag, etc.; the fine filter plate (50PPI) can remove smaller inclusions, further improving the purity of the liquid aluminum alloy.

[0067] In some embodiments, the metallurgical quality control process is used to control the H content in the liquid aluminum alloy to be ≤0.16 mL per 100 g of aluminum. The H content within this range is relatively low, and a lower H content can reduce defects such as pores and looseness in the aluminum alloy, so that a lower H content can minimize the effect of defects on the tensile strength and yield strength of the prepared photovoltaic module frame, thereby improving the yield of the photovoltaic module frame.

[0068] In some embodiments, slag removers such as Na and Ca compounds can be used to remove impurity hydrogen in the liquid aluminum alloy, and Na is controlled to be ≤2ppm (parts per million) and Ca ≤3ppm. The purpose of controlling the Na and Ca contents within the above range is to reduce impurities brought by the slag removal solvent.

[0069] In some embodiments, the method of melting and casting a liquid aluminum alloy into an alloy profile may include: passing the liquid aluminum alloy into a mold plate through a flow channel and adding Al-Ti-B (aluminum-titanium-boron) wire to refine the grains online, casting by oil-gas sliding, and casting including a first casting stage and a second casting stage performed in sequence. Among them, the ingot specification: the diameter is 160mm-190mm, such as 160mm, 170mm, 180mm or 190mm; the casting temperature of the first casting stage is: 670℃-700℃, such as 670℃, 680℃, 690℃ or 700℃. The casting temperature of the second casting stage is: 680℃-710℃, such as 680℃, 690℃, 700℃ or 710℃; the casting speed of the first casting stage is: 135mm / min-175mm / min, such as 135mm / min, 145mm / min, 155mm / min, 165mm / min or 175mm / min. The casting speed of the second casting stage is: 130mm / min~170mm / min, for example, 130mm / min, 140mm / min, 150mm / min, 160mm / min or 170mm / min. The water inlet temperature requirement is: T=20℃~30℃, for example, 20℃, 23℃, 25℃, 28℃ or 30℃. The water flow rate during the casting process is: 490m 3 / h~690m 3 / h, for example 490m 3 / h、540m 3 / h、590m 3 / h、640m 3 / h or 690m 3 / h.

[0070] The alloy profiles obtained by melting and casting are also called cast bars. The alloy profiles provide a uniform starting shape for the production of various types of photovoltaic module frames.

[0071] The alloy profiles are subjected to homogenization heat treatment.

[0072] In some embodiments, the homogenization heat treatment includes: heating the alloy profile to a first insulation temperature at a first heating rate, and keeping it at the first insulation temperature for a first insulation time, then heating the alloy profile to a second insulation temperature at a second heating rate and keeping it at a second insulation time, and then air cooling it to below 200°C.

[0073] The first heating rate is 165°C / h to 195°C / h, for example, 165°C / h, 170°C / h, 175°C / h, 180°C / h, 185°C / h, 190°C / h or 195°C / h; the first insulation temperature is 460°C to 490°C, for example, 460°C, 465°C, 470°C, 475°C, 480°C or 490°C; the second heating rate is 110°C / h to 130°C / h, for example, 110°C / h, 115°C / h The first insulation time is 2.5h to 3.5h, for example, 2.5h, 2.7h, 3h, 3.3h or 3.5h; the second insulation time is 0.8h to 1.2h, for example, 0.8h, 0.9h, 1h, 1.1h or 1.2h. By using the process parameters within the above range to perform homogenization heat treatment on the alloy profile, the coarse, brittle, needle-shaped iron-rich β-AlFeSi in the alloy profile can be transformed into α-AlFeSi which improves the mechanical properties of the alloy profile. Among them, β-AlFeSi is usually a stress concentration source, which will reduce the strength and plasticity of the alloy profile, resulting in poor mechanical properties of the alloy profile. Transforming β-AlFeSi into α-AlFeSi which improves the mechanical properties of the alloy profile can improve the mechanical properties of the photovoltaic module frame, which is beneficial to improving the yield of the photovoltaic module frame.

[0074] In some embodiments, extrusion molding includes: placing the alloy profile after homogenization heat treatment in an extrusion device for extrusion production to obtain a profile. Wherein, the extrusion barrel temperature of the extrusion device is: 380℃~420℃, for example, 380℃, 400℃ or 420℃; the mold temperature is set to: 460℃~480℃, for example, 460℃, 470℃ or 480℃. The heating temperature of the alloy profile is: 450℃~550℃, for example, 450℃, 480℃, 500℃, 530℃ or 500℃. Extrusion molding adopts constant speed extrusion; the filling pressure is set to 130bar~150bar, for example, 130bar, 140bar or 150bar. The main cylinder limit pressure is 250bar~270bar, for example, 250bar, 260bar or 270bar. The breakthrough pressure slope is set to 4sec~6sec, for example, 4sec, 5sec or 6sec. The extrusion speed attenuation ratio is -15% to -5%, such as -15%, -10% or -5%. The extrusion rod length is 500mm to 1000mm, such as 500mm, 700mm, 900mm or 1000mm. The extrusion rod speed is 6.0mm / s to 7.0mm / s, such as 6mm / s, 6.4mm / s, 6.6mm / s or 6.8mm / s. The online quenching in the extrusion molding process requires the outlet temperature to be greater than or equal to 535°C, and the air cooling is carried out at a cooling rate greater than 120°C / min.

[0075] Extrusion molding is a process in which the heated alloy profile is placed into an extrusion barrel and pressure is applied by an extrusion rod to cause the alloy profile to undergo plastic deformation under the constraints of the die, thereby obtaining a profile of the desired shape and size.

[0076] The photovoltaic module frame is obtained after aging treatment and surface treatment of the profile.

[0077] In some embodiments, during the aging treatment, the aging treatment temperature is 180°C to 200°C, such as 180°C, 190°C or 200°C, and the aging treatment time is 3h to 4h, such as 3h, 3.3h, 3.5h, 3.8h or 4h. The temperature and time of the aging treatment are within the above ranges. During the aging treatment, the solute atoms in the profile will precipitate from the supersaturated solid solution to form fine precipitate phases. These precipitate phases usually have higher hardness and strength, can hinder the movement of dislocations, and thus improve the tensile strength and yield strength of the profile.

[0078] In some embodiments, the surface treatment includes: performing anodizing treatment on the profile after the aging treatment to form an oxide film with a thickness of 8 μm to 12 μm on the surface of the profile.

[0079] The oxide film generated by anodizing can protect the frame of photovoltaic modules and enhance the wear resistance of the frame of photovoltaic modules. The oxide film of different colors and textures can be produced according to actual needs, thereby improving the aesthetics of the frame of photovoltaic modules.

[0080] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module frame can be obtained by oxidizing the profile after aging treatment. In other embodiments, after the profile is surface treated, it is necessary to perform a processing technology on the profile to obtain the photovoltaic module frame. The processing technology can be stamping, bending, etc.

[0081] Figure 1 A metallographic diagram of a photovoltaic module frame provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 2 Another metallographic diagram of the photovoltaic module frame provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 1 and Figure 2 These are two metallographic images of different positions in the frame of a photovoltaic module.

[0082] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 Through the metallographic diagram, it can be measured that the average grain size in the photovoltaic module frame prepared in the embodiment of the present disclosure is 88μm, and the grain size is level 4. The average grain size in the photovoltaic module frame in the related art is usually 125μm, and the grain size is level 3. Therefore, the Sr element, rare earth La element and Ce element introduced into the photovoltaic module frame material in the embodiment of the present disclosure can make the grain size of the photovoltaic module frame smaller, and then the tensile strength and yield strength of the photovoltaic module frame can be improved through fine grain strengthening.

[0083] It can be understood that the alloy profile is an intermediate product of the photovoltaic module frame, and the performance of the alloy profile is closely related to the performance of the photovoltaic module frame. The Sr element, the rare earth La element and the Ce element make the grain size of the photovoltaic module frame smaller, or it can be said that the Sr element, the rare earth La element and the Ce element make the grain size of the alloy profile smaller. The Sr element, the rare earth La element and the Ce element can improve the tensile strength and yield strength of the photovoltaic module frame, or it can be said that the Sr element, the rare earth La element and the Ce element can improve the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile.

[0084] Among them, each of the Sr element, the rare earth La element and the Ce element can individually make the grain size of the photovoltaic module frame smaller; or the Sr element, the rare earth La element and the Ce element can influence each other and work together to make the grain size of the photovoltaic module frame smaller.

[0085] Figure 3 This is a scanning electron microscope image of α-AlFeSi in the photovoltaic module frame provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 4Energy spectrum diagram of α-AlFeSi in the photovoltaic module frame provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0086] Combined with reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The α-AlFeSi in the photovoltaic module frame of the embodiment of the present disclosure is dispersed, the edge is rounded, and the fine α-AlFeSi is Figure 4 It can be seen that the α-AlFeSi in the photovoltaic module frame of the embodiment of the present disclosure contains La and Ce elements. The size of the α-AlFeSi in the photovoltaic module frame of the embodiment of the present disclosure is about 1 μm, while the size of the α-AlFeSi in the photovoltaic module frame in the related art is usually between 2 μm and 5 μm. The strengthening effect of α-AlFeSi is inversely proportional to its size. The grain size of α-AlFeSi is refined by introducing La and Ce elements in the photovoltaic module frame of the embodiment of the present disclosure, so that the size of α-AlFeSi in the photovoltaic module frame of the embodiment of the present disclosure is smaller, thereby improving the strengthening effect of α-AlFeSi, so the tensile strength and yield strength of the photovoltaic module frame in the embodiment of the present disclosure can be higher. In addition, the introduced La and Ce elements also make the α-AlFeSi in the photovoltaic module frame in the embodiment of the present disclosure a diffusely distributed and edge-rounded α-AlFeSi. The diffusely distributed α-AlFeSi can provide diffuse strengthening for the photovoltaic module frame, and can also improve the tensile strength and yield strength of the photovoltaic module frame.

[0087] The advantages of the present application are further described below in conjunction with specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present application and are not used to limit the scope of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, the various parameters involved in this specification have general meanings known in the art and can be measured by methods known in the art. The preferred ranges and options of the various different parameters provided in the various embodiments can be combined arbitrarily, and the various combinations obtained therefrom are all considered to be within the scope of the disclosure of the present application.

[0088] Embodiment 1

[0089] The first embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for preparing a photovoltaic module frame, comprising the following steps:

[0090] The aluminum alloy raw materials are configured. According to the mass percentage, the aluminum alloy raw materials include: Si content of 0.67%, Mg content of 0.572%, Mn content of 0.0176%, Cu content of 0.0196%, Cr content of 0.0098%, Fe content of 0.155%, Zn content of 0.0054%, Ti content of 0.0156%, Sr content of 0.0371%, La content of 0.0355%, Ce content of 0.0423%, and the rest is Al.

[0091] The aluminum alloy raw material is placed in a smelting furnace for smelting, and the smelting temperature can be set to 735°C. When the aluminum alloy raw material in the smelting furnace melts to 730°C, the liquid in the smelting furnace is sampled and analyzed. When the aluminum alloy raw material in the smelting furnace melts to 735°C, component additives are added, and the component additives include elements whose element content in the liquid in the smelting furnace is less than the element content in the aluminum alloy raw material.

[0092] The liquid aluminum alloy is subjected to a refining process, specifically: first refining and then standing under a refining gas, the refining and standing are cycled three times in sequence, the refining temperature of each refining is 730°C, the time of each refining is 30 minutes, the time of each standing is 30 minutes, the refining gas contains argon and chlorine, and the content of chlorine accounts for 3% of the total content of the refining gas.

[0093] The liquid aluminum alloy is subjected to an online treatment process, specifically, the liquid aluminum alloy is impurity-removed by a rotating nozzle inert gas flotation method, and two-stage filtration is performed by using filter plates with two apertures of 30PPI and 50PPI.

[0094] The liquid aluminum alloy is subjected to a metallurgical quality control process so that the H content in every 100g of aluminum in the liquid aluminum alloy is ≤0.16mL, wherein the slag remover used in the metallurgical quality control process has Na≤2ppm and Ca≤3ppm.

[0095] After that, the liquid aluminum alloy after impurities removal is melted and cast into alloy profiles. Specifically, the liquid aluminum alloy enters the mold through the flow channel and Al-Ti-B wire is added to refine the grains online. The casting is carried out by oil-gas sliding. The casting includes the first casting stage and the second casting stage carried out in sequence. Among them, the diameter of the ingot specification is 178mm; the casting temperature of the first casting stage is: 680℃. The casting temperature of the second casting stage is 700℃; the casting speed of the first casting stage is 135mm / min. The casting speed of the second casting stage is 140mm / min. Inlet water temperature requirement: T=25℃. Water flow rate during casting: 590m 3 / h.

[0096] The alloy profile is subjected to homogenization heat treatment, and the homogenization heat treatment includes: heating the alloy profile to a first insulation temperature at a first heating rate, and insulation at the first insulation temperature for a first insulation time, then heating the alloy profile to a second insulation temperature at a second heating rate and insulation for a second insulation time, and then air cooling to below 200°C. Among them, the first heating rate is 180°C / h, the first insulation temperature is 470°C, the first insulation time is 3h, the second heating rate is 120°C / h, the second insulation temperature is 570°C, and the second insulation time is 1h.

[0097] The alloy profile after homogenization heat treatment is placed in the extrusion equipment for extrusion production to obtain the profile. Specifically, the extrusion barrel temperature of the extrusion equipment is 400℃, and the mold temperature is set to 470℃. The heating temperature of the alloy profile is: 460℃. Extrusion molding adopts constant speed extrusion; the filling pressure is set to 140bar. The main cylinder limit pressure is 260bar. The breakthrough pressure slope is set to 5sec. The extrusion speed attenuation ratio is -15% to -5%. The extrusion rod length is 700mm. The extrusion rod speed is 6.4mm / s. The online quenching of the extrusion molding process requires the outlet temperature to be 535℃, and air cooling is performed at a cooling rate greater than 120℃ / min.

[0098] Finally, the profile is subjected to aging treatment and surface treatment to obtain the photovoltaic module frame. The aging treatment temperature is 190°C and the aging treatment time is 3.5 hours. The surface treatment is anodizing treatment, and an oxide film with a film thickness of 10 μm is generated on the surface of the profile.

[0099] Embodiment 2

[0100] A second embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for preparing a photovoltaic module frame, comprising the following steps:

[0101] The aluminum alloy raw materials are configured. According to the mass percentage, the aluminum alloy raw materials include: Si content of 0.677%, Mg content of 0.579%, Mn content of 0.0176%, Cu content of 0.0206%, Cr content of 0.0121%, Fe content of 0.159%, Zn content less than 0.005%, Ti content of 0.0405%, Sr content of 0.0392%, La content of 0.0313%, Ce content of 0.0405%, and the rest is Al.

[0102] The aluminum alloy raw material is placed in a smelting furnace for smelting, and the smelting temperature can be set to 735°C. When the aluminum alloy raw material in the smelting furnace melts to 730°C, the liquid in the smelting furnace is sampled and analyzed. When the aluminum alloy raw material in the smelting furnace melts to 735°C, component additives are added, and the component additives include elements whose element content in the liquid in the smelting furnace is less than the element content in the aluminum alloy raw material.

[0103] The liquid aluminum alloy is subjected to a refining process, specifically: first refining and then standing under a refining gas, the refining and standing are cycled three times in sequence, the refining temperature of each refining is 730°C, the time of each refining is 30 minutes, the time of each standing is 30 minutes, the refining gas contains argon and chlorine, and the content of chlorine accounts for 3% of the total content of the refining gas.

[0104] The liquid aluminum alloy is subjected to an online treatment process, specifically, the liquid aluminum alloy is impurity-removed by a rotating nozzle inert gas flotation method, and two-stage filtration is performed by using filter plates with two apertures of 30PPI and 50PPI.

[0105] The liquid aluminum alloy is subjected to a metallurgical quality control process so that the H content in every 100g of aluminum in the liquid aluminum alloy is ≤0.16ml, wherein the slag remover used in the metallurgical quality control process has Na≤2ppm and Ca≤3ppm.

[0106] After that, the liquid aluminum alloy after impurities removal is melted and cast into alloy profiles. Specifically, the liquid aluminum alloy enters the mold through the flow channel and Al-Ti-B wire is added to refine the grains online. The casting is carried out by oil-gas sliding. The casting includes the first casting stage and the second casting stage carried out in sequence. Among them, the diameter of the ingot specification is 178mm; the casting temperature of the first casting stage is: 680℃. The casting temperature of the second casting stage is 700℃; the casting speed of the first casting stage is 135mm / min. The casting speed of the second casting stage is 140mm / min. Inlet water temperature requirement: T=25℃. Water flow rate during casting: 590m 3 / h.

[0107] The alloy profile is subjected to homogenization heat treatment, and the homogenization heat treatment includes: heating the alloy profile to a first insulation temperature at a first heating rate, and insulation at the first insulation temperature for a first insulation time, then heating the alloy profile to a second insulation temperature at a second heating rate and insulation for a second insulation time, and then air cooling to below 200°C. Among them, the first heating rate is 180°C / h, the first insulation temperature is 470°C, the first insulation time is 3h, the second heating rate is 120°C / h, the second insulation temperature is 570°C, and the second insulation time is 1h.

[0108] The alloy profile after homogenization heat treatment is placed in the extrusion equipment for extrusion production to obtain the profile. Specifically, the extrusion barrel temperature of the extrusion equipment is 400℃, and the mold temperature is set to 470℃. The heating temperature of the alloy profile is: 460℃. Extrusion molding adopts constant speed extrusion; the filling pressure is set to 140bar. The main cylinder limit pressure is 260bar. The breakthrough pressure slope is set to 5sec. The extrusion speed attenuation ratio is -15% to -5%. The extrusion rod length is 700mm. The extrusion rod speed is 6.4mm / s. The online quenching of the extrusion molding process requires the outlet temperature to be 535℃, and air cooling is performed at a cooling rate greater than 120℃ / min.

[0109] Finally, the profile is subjected to aging treatment and surface treatment to obtain the photovoltaic module frame. The aging treatment temperature is 190°C and the aging treatment time is 3.5 hours. The surface treatment is anodizing treatment, and an oxide film with a film thickness of 10 μm is generated on the surface of the profile.

[0110] Embodiment 3

[0111] A third embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for preparing a photovoltaic module frame, comprising the following steps:

[0112] The aluminum alloy raw materials are configured. According to the mass percentage, the aluminum alloy raw materials include: Si content of 0.6806%, Mg content of 0.5785%, Mn content of 0.0108%, Cu content of 0.0317%, Cr content of 0.0424%, Fe content of 0.083%, Zn content of 0.0201%, Ti content of 0.1221%, Sr content of 0.03%, La content of 0.01%, Ce content of 0.02%, and the rest is Al.

[0113] The aluminum alloy raw material is placed in a smelting furnace for smelting, and the smelting temperature can be set to 735°C. When the aluminum alloy raw material in the smelting furnace melts to 730°C, the liquid in the smelting furnace is sampled and analyzed. When the aluminum alloy raw material in the smelting furnace melts to 735°C, component additives are added, and the component additives include elements whose element content in the liquid in the smelting furnace is less than the element content in the aluminum alloy raw material.

[0114] The liquid aluminum alloy is subjected to a refining process, specifically: first refining and then standing under a refining gas, the refining and standing are cycled three times in sequence, the refining temperature of each refining is 730°C, the time of each refining is 30 minutes, the time of each standing is 30 minutes, the refining gas contains argon and chlorine, and the content of chlorine accounts for 3% of the total content of the refining gas.

[0115] The liquid aluminum alloy is subjected to an online treatment process, specifically, the liquid aluminum alloy is impurity-removed by a rotating nozzle inert gas flotation method, and two-stage filtration is performed by using filter plates with two apertures of 30PPI and 50PPI.

[0116] The liquid aluminum alloy is subjected to a metallurgical quality control process so that the H content in every 100g of aluminum in the liquid aluminum alloy is ≤0.16ml, wherein the slag remover used in the metallurgical quality control process has Na≤2ppm and Ca≤3ppm.

[0117] After that, the liquid aluminum alloy after impurities removal is melted and cast into alloy profiles. Specifically, the liquid aluminum alloy enters the mold through the flow channel and Al-Ti-B wire is added to refine the grains online. The casting is carried out by oil-gas sliding. The casting includes the first casting stage and the second casting stage carried out in sequence. Among them, the diameter of the ingot specification is 178mm; the casting temperature of the first casting stage is: 680℃. The casting temperature of the second casting stage is 700℃; the casting speed of the first casting stage is 135mm / min. The casting speed of the second casting stage is 140mm / min. Inlet water temperature requirement: T=25℃. Water flow rate during casting: 590m 3 / h.

[0118] The alloy profile is subjected to homogenization heat treatment, and the homogenization heat treatment includes: heating the alloy profile to a first insulation temperature at a first heating rate, and insulation at the first insulation temperature for a first insulation time, then heating the alloy profile to a second insulation temperature at a second heating rate and insulation for a second insulation time, and then air cooling to below 200°C. Among them, the first heating rate is 180°C / h, the first insulation temperature is 475°C, the first insulation time is 3h, the second heating rate is 120°C / h, the second insulation temperature is 570°C, and the second insulation time is 1h.

[0119] The alloy profile after homogenization heat treatment is placed in the extrusion equipment for extrusion production to obtain the profile. Specifically, the extrusion barrel temperature of the extrusion equipment is 400℃, and the mold temperature is set to 470℃. The heating temperature of the alloy profile is: 460℃. Extrusion molding adopts constant speed extrusion; the filling pressure is set to 140bar. The main cylinder limit pressure is 260bar. The breakthrough pressure slope is set to 5sec. The extrusion speed attenuation ratio is -15% to -5%. The extrusion rod length is 700mm. The extrusion rod speed is 6.4mm / s. The online quenching of the extrusion molding process requires the outlet temperature to be 535℃, and air cooling is performed at a cooling rate greater than 120℃ / min.

[0120] Finally, the profile is subjected to aging treatment and surface treatment to obtain the photovoltaic module frame. The aging treatment temperature is 190°C and the aging treatment time is 3.5 hours. The surface treatment is anodizing treatment, and an oxide film with a film thickness of 10 μm is generated on the surface of the profile.

[0121] Embodiment 4

[0122] A fourth embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for preparing a photovoltaic module frame, comprising the following steps:

[0123] The aluminum alloy raw materials are configured. According to the mass percentage, the aluminum alloy raw materials include: Si content of 0.6624%, Mg content of 0.5798%, Mn content of 0.0184%, Cu content of 0.0205%, Cr content of 0.0291%, Fe content of 0.049%, Zn content of 0.0314%, Ti content of 0.0634%, Sr content of 0.04%, La content of 0.04%, Ce content of 0.05%, and the rest is Al.

[0124] The aluminum alloy raw material is placed in a smelting furnace for smelting, and the smelting temperature can be set to 735°C. When the aluminum alloy raw material in the smelting furnace melts to 730°C, the liquid in the smelting furnace is sampled and analyzed. When the aluminum alloy raw material in the smelting furnace melts to 735°C, component additives are added, and the component additives include elements whose element content in the liquid in the smelting furnace is less than the element content in the aluminum alloy raw material.

[0125] The liquid aluminum alloy is subjected to a refining process, specifically: first refining and then standing under a refining gas, the refining and standing are cycled three times in sequence, the refining temperature of each refining is 730°C, the time of each refining is 30 minutes, the time of each standing is 30 minutes, the refining gas contains argon and chlorine, and the content of chlorine accounts for 3% of the total content of the refining gas.

[0126] The liquid aluminum alloy is subjected to an online treatment process, specifically, the liquid aluminum alloy is impurity-removed by a rotating nozzle inert gas flotation method, and two-stage filtration is performed by using filter plates with two apertures of 30PPI and 50PPI.

[0127] The liquid aluminum alloy is subjected to a metallurgical quality control process so that the H content in every 100g of aluminum in the liquid aluminum alloy is ≤0.16ml, wherein the slag remover used in the metallurgical quality control process has Na≤2ppm and Ca≤3ppm.

[0128] After that, the liquid aluminum alloy after impurities removal is melted and cast into alloy profiles. Specifically, the liquid aluminum alloy enters the mold through the flow channel and Al-Ti-B wire is added to refine the grains online. The casting is carried out by oil-gas sliding. The casting includes the first casting stage and the second casting stage carried out in sequence. Among them, the diameter of the ingot specification is 178mm; the casting temperature of the first casting stage is: 680℃. The casting temperature of the second casting stage is 700℃; the casting speed of the first casting stage is 135mm / min. The casting speed of the second casting stage is 140mm / min. Inlet water temperature requirement: T=25℃. Water flow rate during casting: 590m 3 / h.

[0129] The alloy profile is subjected to homogenization heat treatment, and the homogenization heat treatment includes: heating the alloy profile to a first insulation temperature at a first heating rate, and insulation at the first insulation temperature for a first insulation time, then heating the alloy profile to a second insulation temperature at a second heating rate and insulation for a second insulation time, and then air cooling to below 200°C. Among them, the first heating rate is 180°C / h, the first insulation temperature is 475°C, the first insulation time is 3h, the second heating rate is 120°C / h, the second insulation temperature is 580°C, and the second insulation time is 1h.

[0130] The alloy profile after homogenization heat treatment is placed in the extrusion equipment for extrusion production to obtain the profile. Specifically, the extrusion barrel temperature of the extrusion equipment is 400℃, and the mold temperature is set to 470℃. The heating temperature of the alloy profile is: 460℃. Extrusion molding adopts constant speed extrusion; the filling pressure is set to 140bar. The main cylinder limit pressure is 260bar. The breakthrough pressure slope is set to 5sec. The extrusion speed attenuation ratio is -15% to -5%. The extrusion rod length is 700mm. The extrusion rod speed is 6.4mm / s. The online quenching of the extrusion molding process requires the outlet temperature to be 535℃, and air cooling is performed at a cooling rate greater than 120℃ / min.

[0131] Finally, the profile is subjected to aging treatment and surface treatment to obtain the photovoltaic module frame. The aging treatment temperature is 190°C and the aging treatment time is 3.5 hours. The surface treatment is anodizing treatment, and an oxide film with a film thickness of 10 μm is generated on the profile surface.

[0132] Embodiment 5

[0133] Embodiment 5 of the present disclosure provides a method for preparing a photovoltaic module frame, comprising the following steps:

[0134] The aluminum alloy raw materials are configured. According to the mass percentage, the aluminum alloy raw materials include: Si content of 0.6745%, Mg content of 0.576%, Mn content of 0.0325%, Cu content of 0.0386%, Cr content of 0.0171%, Fe content of 0.151%, Zn content of 0.138%, Ti content of 0.1087%, Sr content of 0.05%, La content of 0.05%, Ce content of 0.07%, and the rest is Al.

[0135] The aluminum alloy raw material is placed in a smelting furnace for smelting, and the smelting temperature can be set to 735°C. When the aluminum alloy raw material in the smelting furnace melts to 730°C, the liquid in the smelting furnace is sampled and analyzed. When the aluminum alloy raw material in the smelting furnace melts to 735°C, component additives are added, and the component additives include elements whose element content in the liquid in the smelting furnace is less than the element content in the aluminum alloy raw material.

[0136] The liquid aluminum alloy is subjected to a refining process, specifically: first refining and then standing under a refining gas, the refining and standing are cycled three times in sequence, the refining temperature of each refining is 730°C, the time of each refining is 30 minutes, the time of each standing is 30 minutes, the refining gas contains argon and chlorine, and the content of chlorine accounts for 3% of the total content of the refining gas.

[0137] The liquid aluminum alloy is subjected to an online treatment process, specifically, the liquid aluminum alloy is impurity-removed by a rotating nozzle inert gas flotation method, and two-stage filtration is performed by using filter plates with two apertures of 30PPI and 50PPI.

[0138] The liquid aluminum alloy is subjected to a metallurgical quality control process so that the H content in every 100g of aluminum in the liquid aluminum alloy is ≤0.16ml, wherein the slag remover used in the metallurgical quality control process has Na≤2ppm and Ca≤3ppm.

[0139] After that, the liquid aluminum alloy after impurities removal is melted and cast into alloy profiles. Specifically, the liquid aluminum alloy enters the mold through the flow channel and Al-Ti-B wire is added to refine the grains online. The casting is carried out by oil-gas sliding. The casting includes the first casting stage and the second casting stage carried out in sequence. Among them, the diameter of the ingot specification is 178mm; the casting temperature of the first casting stage is: 680℃. The casting temperature of the second casting stage is 700℃; the casting speed of the first casting stage is 135mm / min. The casting speed of the second casting stage is 140mm / min. Inlet water temperature requirement: T=25℃. Water flow rate during casting: 590m 3 / h.

[0140] The alloy profile is subjected to homogenization heat treatment, and the homogenization heat treatment includes: heating the alloy profile to a first insulation temperature at a first heating rate, and insulation at the first insulation temperature for a first insulation time, then heating the alloy profile to a second insulation temperature at a second heating rate and insulation for a second insulation time, and then air cooling to below 200°C. Among them, the first heating rate is 180°C / h, the first insulation temperature is 480°C, the first insulation time is 3h, the second heating rate is 120°C / h, the second insulation temperature is 580°C, and the second insulation time is 1h.

[0141] The alloy profile after homogenization heat treatment is placed in the extrusion equipment for extrusion production to obtain the profile. Specifically, the extrusion barrel temperature of the extrusion equipment is 400℃, and the mold temperature is set to 470℃. The heating temperature of the alloy profile is: 460℃. Extrusion molding adopts constant speed extrusion; the filling pressure is set to 140bar. The main cylinder limit pressure is 260bar. The breakthrough pressure slope is set to 5sec. The extrusion speed attenuation ratio is -15% to -5%. The extrusion rod length is 700mm. The extrusion rod speed is 6.4mm / s. The online quenching of the extrusion molding process requires the outlet temperature to be 535℃, and air cooling is performed at a cooling rate greater than 120℃ / min.

[0142] Finally, the profile is subjected to aging treatment and surface treatment to obtain the photovoltaic module frame. The aging treatment temperature is 190°C and the aging treatment time is 3.5 hours. The surface treatment is anodizing treatment, and an oxide film with a film thickness of 10 μm is generated on the surface of the profile.

[0143] Comparative Example 1

[0144] Comparative Example 1 provides a method for preparing a photovoltaic module frame, comprising the following steps:

[0145] The aluminum alloy raw materials are configured. According to the mass percentage, the aluminum alloy raw materials include: Si content of 0.652%, Mg content of 0.502%, Mn content of 0.0047%, Cu content of 0.0043%, Cr content of 0.001%, Fe content of 0.099%, Zn content of 0.0055%, Ti content of 0.0124%, and the rest is Al.

[0146] The aluminum alloy raw material is placed in a smelting furnace for smelting, and the smelting temperature can be set to 735°C. When the aluminum alloy raw material in the smelting furnace melts to 730°C, the liquid in the smelting furnace is sampled and analyzed. When the aluminum alloy raw material in the smelting furnace melts to 735°C, component additives are added, and the component additives include elements whose element content in the liquid in the smelting furnace is less than the element content in the aluminum alloy raw material.

[0147] The liquid aluminum alloy is subjected to a refining process, specifically: first refining and then standing under a refining gas, the refining and standing are cycled three times in sequence, the refining temperature of each refining is 730°C, the time of each refining is 30 minutes, the time of each standing is 30 minutes, the refining gas contains argon and chlorine, and the content of chlorine accounts for 3% of the total content of the refining gas.

[0148] The liquid aluminum alloy is subjected to an online treatment process, specifically, the liquid aluminum alloy is impurity-removed by a rotating nozzle inert gas flotation method, and two-stage filtration is performed by using filter plates with two apertures of 30PPI and 50PPI.

[0149] The liquid aluminum alloy is subjected to a metallurgical quality control process so that the H content in every 100g of aluminum in the liquid aluminum alloy is ≤0.16ml, wherein the slag remover used in the metallurgical quality control process has Na≤2ppm and Ca≤3ppm.

[0150] After that, the liquid aluminum alloy after impurities removal is melted and cast into alloy profiles. Specifically, the liquid aluminum alloy enters the mold through the flow channel and Al-Ti-B wire is added to refine the grains online. The casting is carried out by oil-gas sliding. The casting includes the first casting stage and the second casting stage carried out in sequence. Among them, the diameter of the ingot specification is 178mm; the casting temperature of the first casting stage is: 680℃. The casting temperature of the second casting stage is 700℃; the casting speed of the first casting stage is 135mm / min. The casting speed of the second casting stage is 140mm / min. Inlet water temperature requirement: T=25℃. Water flow rate during casting: 590m 3 / h.

[0151] The alloy profile is subjected to homogenization heat treatment, and the homogenization heat treatment includes: heating the alloy profile to a first insulation temperature at a first heating rate, and insulation at the first insulation temperature for a first insulation time, then heating the alloy profile to a second insulation temperature at a second heating rate and insulation for a second insulation time, and then air cooling to below 200°C. Among them, the first heating rate is 160°C / h, the first insulation temperature is 450°C, the first insulation time is 3h, the second heating rate is 100°C / h, the second insulation temperature is 550°C, and the second insulation time is 1h.

[0152] The alloy profile after homogenization heat treatment is placed in the extrusion equipment for extrusion production to obtain the profile. Specifically, the extrusion barrel temperature of the extrusion equipment is 400℃, and the mold temperature is set to 470℃. The heating temperature of the alloy profile is: 460℃. Extrusion molding adopts constant speed extrusion; the filling pressure is set to 140bar. The main cylinder limit pressure is 260bar. The breakthrough pressure slope is set to 5sec. The extrusion speed attenuation ratio is -15% to -5%. The extrusion rod length is 700mm. The extrusion rod speed is 7.8mm / s. The online quenching of the extrusion molding process requires the outlet temperature to be 535℃, and air cooling is performed at a cooling rate greater than 120℃ / min.

[0153] Finally, the profile is subjected to aging treatment and surface treatment to obtain the photovoltaic module frame. The aging treatment temperature is 190°C and the aging treatment time is 3.5 hours. The surface treatment is anodizing treatment, and an oxide film with a film thickness of 10 μm is generated on the surface of the profile.

[0154] Comparative Example 2

[0155] Comparative Example 2 provides a method for preparing a photovoltaic module frame, comprising the following steps:

[0156] The aluminum alloy raw materials are configured. According to the mass percentage, the aluminum alloy raw materials include: Si content of 0.994%, Mg content of 0.6851%, Mn content of 0.0412%, Cu content of 0.56%, Cr content of 0.0691%, Fe content of 0.146%, Zn content of 0.0068%, Ti content of 0.0019%, and the rest is Al.

[0157] The aluminum alloy raw material is placed in a smelting furnace for smelting, and the smelting temperature can be set to 735°C. When the aluminum alloy raw material in the smelting furnace melts to 730°C, the liquid in the smelting furnace is sampled and analyzed. When the aluminum alloy raw material in the smelting furnace melts to 735°C, component additives are added, and the component additives include elements whose element content in the liquid in the smelting furnace is less than the element content in the aluminum alloy raw material.

[0158] The liquid aluminum alloy is subjected to a refining process, specifically: first refining and then standing under a refining gas, the refining and standing are cycled three times in sequence, the refining temperature of each refining is 730°C, the time of each refining is 30 minutes, the time of each standing is 30 minutes, the refining gas contains argon and chlorine, and the content of chlorine accounts for 3% of the total content of the refining gas.

[0159] The liquid aluminum alloy is subjected to an online treatment process, specifically, the liquid aluminum alloy is impurity-removed by a rotating nozzle inert gas flotation method, and two-stage filtration is performed by using filter plates with two apertures of 30PPI and 50PPI.

[0160] The liquid aluminum alloy is subjected to a metallurgical quality control process so that the H content in every 100g of aluminum in the liquid aluminum alloy is ≤0.16mL, wherein the slag remover used in the metallurgical quality control process has Na≤2ppm and Ca≤3ppm.

[0161] After that, the liquid aluminum alloy after impurities removal is melted and cast into alloy profiles. Specifically, the liquid aluminum alloy enters the mold through the flow channel and Al-Ti-B wire is added to refine the grains online. The casting is carried out by oil-gas sliding. The casting includes the first casting stage and the second casting stage carried out in sequence. Among them, the diameter of the ingot specification is 178mm; the casting temperature of the first casting stage is: 680℃. The casting temperature of the second casting stage is 700℃; the casting speed of the first casting stage is 135mm / min. The casting speed of the second casting stage is 140mm / min. Inlet water temperature requirement: T=25℃. Water flow rate during casting: 590m 3 / h.

[0162] The alloy profile is subjected to homogenization heat treatment, and the homogenization heat treatment includes: heating the alloy profile to a first insulation temperature at a first heating rate, and insulation at the first insulation temperature for a first insulation time, then heating the alloy profile to a second insulation temperature at a second heating rate and insulation for a second insulation time, and then air cooling to below 200°C. Among them, the first heating rate is 160°C / h, the first insulation temperature is 450°C, the first insulation time is 3h, the second heating rate is 100°C / h, the second insulation temperature is 550°C, and the second insulation time is 1h.

[0163] The alloy profile after homogenization heat treatment is placed in the extrusion equipment for extrusion production to obtain the profile. Specifically, the extrusion barrel temperature of the extrusion equipment is 400℃, and the mold temperature is set to 470℃. The heating temperature of the alloy profile is 460℃. Extrusion molding adopts constant speed extrusion; the filling pressure is set to 140bar. The main cylinder limit pressure is 260bar. The breakthrough pressure slope is set to 5sec. The extrusion speed attenuation ratio is -15% to -5%. The extrusion rod length is 700mm. The extrusion rod speed is 5mm / s. The online quenching in the extrusion molding process requires the outlet temperature to be 535℃, and air cooling is performed at a cooling rate greater than 120℃ / min.

[0164] Finally, the profile is subjected to aging treatment and surface treatment to obtain the photovoltaic module frame. The aging treatment temperature is 190°C and the aging treatment time is 3.5 hours. The surface treatment is anodizing treatment, and an oxide film with a film thickness of 10 μm is generated on the profile surface.

[0165] Comparative Example 3

[0166] Comparative Example 3 provides a method for preparing a photovoltaic module frame, comprising the following steps:

[0167] The aluminum alloy raw materials are configured. According to the mass percentage, the aluminum alloy raw materials include: Si content of 0.7846%, Mg content of 0.5827%, Mn content of 0.0443%, Cu content of 0.505%, Cr content of 0.048%, Fe content of 0.0848%, Zn content of 0.0026%, Ti content of 0.0214%, Sr content of 0.01%, La content of 0.05%, Ce content of 0.05%, and the rest is Al.

[0168] The aluminum alloy raw material is placed in a smelting furnace for smelting, and the smelting temperature can be set to 735°C. When the aluminum alloy raw material in the smelting furnace melts to 730°C, the liquid in the smelting furnace is sampled and analyzed. When the aluminum alloy raw material in the smelting furnace melts to 735°C, component additives are added, and the component additives include elements whose element content in the liquid in the smelting furnace is less than the element content in the aluminum alloy raw material.

[0169] The liquid aluminum alloy is subjected to a refining process, specifically: first refining and then standing under a refining gas, the refining and standing are cycled three times in sequence, the refining temperature of each refining is 730°C, the time of each refining is 30 minutes, the time of each standing is 30 minutes, the refining gas contains argon and chlorine, and the content of chlorine accounts for 3% of the total content of the refining gas.

[0170] The liquid aluminum alloy is subjected to an online treatment process, specifically, the liquid aluminum alloy is impurity-removed by a rotating nozzle inert gas flotation method, and two-stage filtration is performed by using filter plates with two apertures of 30PPI and 50PPI.

[0171] The liquid aluminum alloy is subjected to a metallurgical quality control process so that the H content in every 100g of aluminum in the liquid aluminum alloy is ≤0.16ml, wherein the slag remover used in the metallurgical quality control process has Na≤2ppm and Ca≤3ppm.

[0172] After that, the liquid aluminum alloy after impurities removal is melted and cast into alloy profiles. Specifically, the liquid aluminum alloy enters the mold through the flow channel and Al-Ti-B wire is added to refine the grains online. The casting is carried out by oil-gas sliding. The casting includes the first casting stage and the second casting stage carried out in sequence. Among them, the diameter of the ingot specification is 178mm; the casting temperature of the first casting stage is: 680℃. The casting temperature of the second casting stage is 700℃; the casting speed of the first casting stage is 135mm / min. The casting speed of the second casting stage is 140mm / min. Inlet water temperature requirement: T=25℃. Water flow rate during casting: 590m 3 / h.

[0173] The alloy profile is subjected to homogenization heat treatment, and the homogenization heat treatment includes: heating the alloy profile to a first insulation temperature at a first heating rate, and insulation at the first insulation temperature for a first insulation time, then heating the alloy profile to a second insulation temperature at a second heating rate and insulation for a second insulation time, and then air cooling to below 200°C. Among them, the first heating rate is 180°C / h, the first insulation temperature is 470°C, the first insulation time is 3h, the second heating rate is 120°C / h, the second insulation temperature is 570°C, and the second insulation time is 1h.

[0174] The alloy profile after homogenization heat treatment is placed in the extrusion equipment for extrusion production to obtain the profile. Specifically, the extrusion barrel temperature of the extrusion equipment is 400℃, and the mold temperature is set to 470℃. The heating temperature of the alloy profile is: 460℃. Extrusion molding adopts constant speed extrusion; the filling pressure is set to 140bar. The main cylinder limit pressure is 260bar. The breakthrough pressure slope is set to 5sec. The extrusion speed attenuation ratio is -15% to -5%. The extrusion rod length is 700mm. The extrusion rod speed is 7mm / s. The online quenching in the extrusion molding process requires the outlet temperature to be 535℃, and air cooling is performed at a cooling rate greater than 120℃ / min.

[0175] Finally, the profile is subjected to aging treatment and surface treatment to obtain the photovoltaic module frame. The aging treatment temperature is 190°C and the aging treatment time is 3.5 hours. The surface treatment is anodizing treatment, and an oxide film with a film thickness of 10 μm is generated on the surface of the profile.

[0176] Comparative Example 4

[0177] Comparative Example 4 provides a method for preparing a photovoltaic module frame, comprising the following steps:

[0178] The aluminum alloy raw materials are configured. According to the mass percentage, the aluminum alloy raw materials include: Si content of 0.6624%, Mg content of 0.5798%, Mn content of 0.0184%, Cu content of 0.0205%, Cr content of 0.0291%, Fe content of 0.049%, Zn content of 0.0314%, Ti content of 0.0634%, Sr content of 0.04%, La content of 0.04%, Ce content of 0.05%, and the rest is Al.

[0179] The aluminum alloy raw material is placed in a smelting furnace for smelting, and the smelting temperature can be set to 735°C. When the aluminum alloy raw material in the smelting furnace melts to 730°C, the liquid in the smelting furnace is sampled and analyzed. When the aluminum alloy raw material in the smelting furnace melts to 735°C, component additives are added, and the component additives include elements whose element content in the liquid in the smelting furnace is less than the element content in the aluminum alloy raw material.

[0180] The liquid aluminum alloy is subjected to a refining process, specifically: first refining and then standing under a refining gas, the refining and standing are cycled three times in sequence, the refining temperature of each refining is 730°C, the time of each refining is 30 minutes, the time of each standing is 30 minutes, the refining gas contains argon and chlorine, and the content of chlorine accounts for 3% of the total content of the refining gas.

[0181] The liquid aluminum alloy is subjected to an online treatment process, specifically, the liquid aluminum alloy is impurity-removed by a rotating nozzle inert gas flotation method, and two-stage filtration is performed by using filter plates with two apertures of 30PPI and 50PPI.

[0182] The liquid aluminum alloy is subjected to a metallurgical quality control process so that the H content in every 100g of aluminum in the liquid aluminum alloy is ≤0.16ml, wherein the slag remover used in the metallurgical quality control process has Na≤2ppm and Ca≤3ppm.

[0183] After that, the liquid aluminum alloy after impurities removal is melted and cast into alloy profiles. Specifically, the liquid aluminum alloy enters the mold through the flow channel and Al-Ti-B wire is added to refine the grains online. The casting is carried out by oil-gas sliding. The casting includes the first casting stage and the second casting stage carried out in sequence. Among them, the diameter of the ingot specification is 178mm; the casting temperature of the first casting stage is: 680℃. The casting temperature of the second casting stage is 700℃; the casting speed of the first casting stage is 135mm / min. The casting speed of the second casting stage is 140mm / min. Inlet water temperature requirement: T=25℃. Water flow rate during casting: 590m 3 / h.

[0184] The alloy profile is subjected to homogenization heat treatment, and the homogenization heat treatment includes: heating the alloy profile to a first insulation temperature at a first heating rate, and insulation at the first insulation temperature for a first insulation time, then heating the alloy profile to a second insulation temperature at a second heating rate and insulation for a second insulation time, and then air cooling to below 200°C. Among them, the first heating rate is 160°C / h, the first insulation temperature is 450°C, the first insulation time is 3h, the second heating rate is 100°C / h, the second insulation temperature is 550°C, and the second insulation time is 1h.

[0185] The alloy profile after homogenization heat treatment is placed in the extrusion equipment for extrusion production to obtain the profile. Specifically, the extrusion barrel temperature of the extrusion equipment is 400℃, and the mold temperature is set to 470℃. The heating temperature of the alloy profile is: 460℃. Extrusion molding adopts constant speed extrusion; the filling pressure is set to 140bar. The main cylinder limit pressure is 260bar. The breakthrough pressure slope is set to 5sec. The extrusion speed attenuation ratio is -15% to -5%. The extrusion rod length is 700mm. The extrusion rod speed is 7mm / s. The online quenching in the extrusion molding process requires the outlet temperature to be 535℃, and air cooling is performed at a cooling rate greater than 120℃ / min.

[0186] Finally, the profile is subjected to aging treatment and surface treatment to obtain the photovoltaic module frame. The aging treatment temperature is 190°C and the aging treatment time is 3.5 hours. The surface treatment is anodizing treatment, and an oxide film with a film thickness of 10 μm is generated on the profile surface.

[0187] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of element composition in the aluminum alloy raw materials of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4.

[0188] Table 1 shows the process parameters of the homogenization heat treatment in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4.

[0189] Table 1

[0190]

[0191]

[0192] Table 2 shows the relevant parameters and extrusion speed of the photovoltaic module frames prepared in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4.

[0193] Table 2

[0194]

[0195]

[0196] It should be noted that the extrusion speed in Table 2 is the extrusion speed of the master cylinder in the extrusion equipment. The master cylinder is used to provide power for the extrusion of the extrusion rod. Theoretically, the extrusion speed of the master cylinder is the same as the extrusion rod speed. The extrusion speed of the master cylinder is closely related to the tensile strength and yield strength of the extruded material, that is, the extrusion speed of the master cylinder is closely related to the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile, and the extrusion speed of the master cylinder is inversely proportional to the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile. In other words, if the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile are higher, the extrusion speed of the master cylinder is slower, and if the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile are weaker, the extrusion speed of the master cylinder is faster.

[0197] It can be understood that what is shown in Table 2 are the parameters of the tensile strength and yield strength of the photovoltaic module frame. The alloy profile is an intermediate product of the photovoltaic module frame. The alloy profile is subjected to extrusion molding, aging treatment and surface treatment to obtain the photovoltaic module frame. It can be considered that the tensile strength and yield strength of the photovoltaic module frame in Table 2 can reflect the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile. In other words, if the tensile strength and yield strength of the photovoltaic module frame are weak, it can be explained that the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile used to prepare the photovoltaic module frame are weak. If the tensile strength and yield strength of the photovoltaic module frame are strong, it can be explained that the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile used to prepare the photovoltaic module frame are strong.

[0198] Combined with reference Figure 5Compared with all the embodiments in Table 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the aluminum alloy raw material provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure introduces Sr, La and Ce elements, which improves the alloy equilibrium solidus. The position of the alloy equilibrium solidus determines the phase change behavior of the alloy profile during the solidification process. In order to transform the β-AlFeSi phase in the embodiments of the present disclosure into the α-AlFeSi phase that can improve the mechanical properties of the alloy profile, a higher heating rate and holding temperature are required in the homogenization heat treatment of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0199] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module frame provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown in FIG. Figure 7 Another schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module frame provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 6 and Figure 7 The schematic diagrams of two different photovoltaic module frames are shown in Figure 3. The difference is whether the photovoltaic module has a long side C or not. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown in FIG. 1 , the outer B surface is usually the visible part of the frame of the photovoltaic module, and the inner B surface faces the inside of the solar photovoltaic module.

[0200] In some embodiments, the wall thickness of the photovoltaic module frame may be the thickness of the outer B surface and the inner B surface. In other embodiments, the wall thickness of the photovoltaic module frame may be the thickness of the long side C.

[0201] Combined with reference Figure 5 Compared with all the embodiments and comparative example 1 in Table 2, the aluminum alloy raw material of comparative example 1 does not contain Sr element, La element and Ce element, and the tensile strength and yield strength of comparative example 1 are weaker than the tensile strength and yield strength of the photovoltaic module frame provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure. Moreover, since the tensile strength and yield strength of the photovoltaic module frame of comparative example 1 are weak, it can be considered that the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile of comparative example 1 are weak. When preparing the photovoltaic module frame, in order to avoid tensile fracture, the outer B surface and the inner B surface of comparative example 1 need to be set thicker to prepare the photovoltaic module frame. The alloy profile of the embodiment of the present disclosure has higher tensile strength and yield strength, which can meet the larger extrusion ratio without tensile fracture. Therefore, the outer B surface and the inner B surface of the photovoltaic module frame of the embodiment of the present disclosure can be thinner, which can save the material of the alloy profile, thereby reducing the cost of preparing the photovoltaic module frame.

[0202] Combined with reference Figure 5Compared with all the embodiments and comparative example 2 in Table 2, the tensile strength and yield strength of the photovoltaic module frame of comparative example 2 are slightly higher than the tensile strength and yield strength of the photovoltaic module frame provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. In other words, the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile of comparative example 2 are slightly higher than the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. The tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile are inversely proportional to the extrusion speed during the extrusion process. Therefore, when the alloy profile is extruded, the extrusion speed of the alloy profile of the embodiment of the present disclosure can be greater than the extrusion speed of the alloy profile of comparative example 1, so that the preparation efficiency of the photovoltaic module frame of the embodiment of the present disclosure can be higher.

[0203] Combined with reference Figure 5 As with all the embodiments and comparative examples 1 and 2 in Table 2, the embodiments of the present disclosure comprehensively consider the tensile strength, yield strength and extrusion speed, and the tensile strength and yield strength of the prepared alloy profiles are moderate. While meeting the requirements of the tensile strength and yield strength of the photovoltaic module frame, it can have a larger extrusion speed, so that the yield and efficiency of the prepared photovoltaic module frame are higher.

[0204] Combined with reference Figure 5 , all the embodiments and comparative example 3 in Table 1 and Table 2, although the relevant parameters of the homogenization heat treatment of comparative example 3 are the same as the relevant parameters of the homogenization heat treatment of embodiments 1 and 2, the Sr element content, La element content and Ce element content of the aluminum alloy raw material of comparative example 3 are not within the range of the Sr element content, La element content and Ce element content of the aluminum alloy raw material provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure, while the Sr element content, La element content and Ce element content of the aluminum alloy raw material of embodiments 1 to 5 are within the range of the Sr element content, La element content and Ce element content of the aluminum alloy raw material provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Therefore, the Sr element, La element and Ce element in the embodiments of the present disclosure can improve the tensile strength and yield strength of the photovoltaic module frame, so that the tensile strength and yield strength of the prepared photovoltaic module frame are higher. However, the Sr element, La element and Ce element in comparative example 3 cannot improve the tensile strength and yield strength of the photovoltaic module frame, so that the tensile strength and yield strength of the prepared photovoltaic module frame are lower.

[0205] Combined with reference Figure 5, Example 4 and Comparative Example 4 in Table 1 and Table 2, the aluminum alloy raw material of Example 4 and the aluminum alloy raw material of Comparative Example 4 have the same composition, but the first heating rate, the first holding temperature, the second heating rate, and the second holding temperature of the homogenization heat treatment of Comparative Example 4 are not within the corresponding range of the first heating rate, the first holding temperature, the second heating rate, and the second holding temperature in the homogenization heat treatment provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and are lower than the first heating rate, the first holding temperature, the second heating rate, and the second holding temperature of the homogenization heat treatment of Example 4. Because the Sr element, the La element, and the Ce element are introduced into the aluminum alloy raw material, the alloy equilibrium solidus is increased, and the position of the alloy equilibrium solidus determines the phase change behavior of the alloy profile during the solidification process. In order to allow the β-AlFeSi phase to be transformed into the α-AlFeSi phase that can improve the mechanical properties of the alloy profile, a higher first heating rate, first holding temperature, second heating rate, and second holding temperature are required. However, the first heating rate, the first insulation temperature, the second heating rate, and the second insulation temperature of Comparative Example 4 are all low, and the β-AlFeSi phase cannot be transformed into the α-AlFeSi phase that can improve the mechanical properties of the alloy profile. Therefore, the tensile strength and yield strength of the photovoltaic module frame of Comparative Example 4 are weak, weaker than the tensile strength and yield strength of the photovoltaic module frame of the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0206] In addition, the post-break elongation rates of the photovoltaic module frames of Embodiments 1 to 5 of the present disclosure are all greater than or equal to 10%, which can meet the requirements of the photovoltaic module frames for the post-break elongation rate.

[0207] In the method for preparing the photovoltaic module frame provided in the above embodiment, the aluminum alloy raw material includes rare earth elements La and Ce as well as Sr, so that the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile are relatively high, and a relatively large extrusion ratio can be satisfied without tensile fracture. Therefore, the wall thickness of the photovoltaic module frame of the embodiment of the present disclosure can be relatively thin, and the cost of preparing the photovoltaic module frame can be reduced. In addition, the embodiment of the present disclosure performs homogenization heat treatment on the alloy profile, so that the coarse, brittle, needle-shaped iron-rich β-AlFeSi in the alloy profile can be transformed into α-AlFeSi that improves the mechanical properties of the alloy profile, so that the mechanical properties of the photovoltaic module frame can be improved, which is conducive to improving the yield rate of the photovoltaic module frame.

[0208] In addition, the tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy profile are inversely proportional to the extrusion speed during the extrusion process. The embodiment of the present disclosure comprehensively considers the tensile strength, yield strength and extrusion speed. The tensile strength and yield strength of the prepared alloy profile are moderate. It can have a larger extrusion speed while meeting the requirements of the tensile strength and yield strength of the photovoltaic module frame, so that the yield and efficiency of the prepared photovoltaic module frame are higher.

[0209] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a photovoltaic module frame, which is prepared by the preparation method provided in the above embodiments. The photovoltaic module frame will be described below. It should be noted that the features that are the same or corresponding to the above embodiments will not be described in detail below to avoid redundancy.

[0210] The photovoltaic module frame is used to protect the photovoltaic module from damage by the external environment, such as natural factors such as wind, rain, snow, and human damage, thereby increasing the service life of the photovoltaic module.

[0211] Another embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a solar photovoltaic assembly, which includes the photovoltaic assembly frame provided by the above embodiment, or the photovoltaic assembly frame prepared by the preparation method provided by the above embodiment. The solar photovoltaic assembly provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below. It should be noted that the parts that are the same or corresponding to the above embodiment will not be repeated here.

[0212] Solar photovoltaic modules are used to convert received light energy into electrical energy.

[0213] The solar photovoltaic assembly also includes a photovoltaic assembly, which is placed in a receiving groove in a photovoltaic assembly frame, and the photovoltaic assembly frame is used to protect the photovoltaic assembly.

[0214] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of a photovoltaic assembly provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure; Fig. 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a local cross-sectional structure of a photovoltaic module along the cross-sectional direction MM1 is shown.

[0215] Combined with reference Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The photovoltaic module includes: a battery string, which is formed by connecting a plurality of battery cells 10; a packaging film 11, which is used to cover the surface of the battery string; and a cover plate 12, which is used to cover the surface of the packaging film 11 away from the battery string. The battery cells 10 are electrically connected in the form of a whole piece or multiple pieces to form a plurality of battery strings, and the plurality of battery strings are electrically connected in series and / or in parallel.

[0216] In some embodiments, the cell 10 includes, but is not limited to, one or any combination of PERC cells (Passivated Emitter Rear Cell), IBC cells (Interdigitated Back Contact), TOPCon cells (Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact), HIT / HJT cells (Heterojunction Technology heterojunction cells), solar thin-film cells, and stacked cells. Among them, solar thin-film cells include, but are not limited to, perovskite solar thin-film cells, copper indium selenide solar thin-film cells, gallium arsenide solar thin-film cells, and cadmium sulfide solar thin-film cells. Stacked cells include, but are not limited to, perovskite cells superimposed on crystalline silicon cells, perovskite cells superimposed on perovskite cells, and perovskite cells superimposed on thin-film cells.

[0217] In some embodiments, the cell 10 may be a monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic cell, a polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic cell, an amorphous silicon photovoltaic cell or a multi-compound photovoltaic cell, and the multi-compound photovoltaic cell may specifically be a cadmium sulfide photovoltaic cell, a gallium arsenide photovoltaic cell, a copper indium selenide photovoltaic cell or a perovskite photovoltaic cell. In addition, the cell 10 may be a whole cell or a sliced ​​cell, and a sliced ​​cell refers to a cell formed by a complete whole cell through a cutting process. The cell 10 is electrically connected in the form of a whole cell or multiple slices to form a plurality of cell strings, and the plurality of cell strings are electrically connected in series and / or in parallel.

[0218] In some embodiments, reference Figure 8 , multiple battery strings can be electrically connected through the conductive tape 102. Fig. 9 Only one positional relationship between photovoltaic cells is illustrated, that is, the arrangement direction of the electrodes with the same polarity of the cells is the same, or the electrodes with positive polarity of each cell are arranged toward the same side, so that the conductive strip 102 connects different sides of two adjacent cells. In some embodiments, the cells can also be arranged in the order of electrodes with different polarities facing the same side, that is, the electrodes of multiple adjacent cells are arranged in the order of the first polarity, the second polarity, and the first polarity, and the conductive strip connects two adjacent cells on the same side.

[0219] In some embodiments, no intervals are set between the battery cells, that is, the battery cells overlap each other.

[0220] In some embodiments, the encapsulation film 11 includes a first encapsulation layer and a second encapsulation layer, the first encapsulation layer covers one of the front or back sides of the battery cell 10, and the second encapsulation layer covers the other of the front or back sides of the battery cell 10. Specifically, at least one of the first encapsulation layer or the second encapsulation layer can be an organic encapsulation film such as polyvinyl butyral (PVB) film, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) film, polyethylene octene co-elastic (POE) film or polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, or at least one of the first encapsulation layer or the second encapsulation layer can also be an EP film, EPE film or PVP film. Among them, EP film refers to a co-extruded film composed of stacked EVA film and POE film, EPE film refers to a co-extruded film formed by stacked EVA film + POE film + EVA film, and PVP film refers to a co-extruded film formed by stacked POE film + EVA film + POE film. Co-extruded films can be manufactured by sequentially extruding one or more raw materials onto another already manufactured film during the film processing process, or by bonding different types of already manufactured films together.

[0221] In some cases, there is a boundary between the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer before lamination. After the lamination process, the photovoltaic module is formed and there is no longer the concept of the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer, that is, the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer have formed an integral encapsulation film 11.

[0222] In some embodiments, the cover plate 12 may be a glass cover plate, a plastic cover plate or the like with a light-transmitting function. Specifically, the surface of the cover plate 12 facing the encapsulation film 11 may be a concave-convex surface or a velvet surface including a plurality of convex structures, thereby increasing the utilization rate of the incident light. The cover plate 12 includes a first cover plate and a second cover plate, the first cover plate is opposite to the first encapsulation layer, and the second cover plate is opposite to the second encapsulation layer.

[0223] In some embodiments, the battery cell 10 can be a busbar-equipped battery or a busbar-free battery.

[0224] In some cases, when the battery cell 10 is a battery with a main grid, the surface of the battery cell 10 has a plurality of main grids arranged at intervals along the first direction X and a plurality of sub-grids arranged at intervals along the second direction Y, and the main grid includes a main grid connection line and a pad located on the main grid connection line. In the process of constructing a battery string using the battery cell 10, the conductive tape 102 is electrically connected to at least one main grid on each of the two adjacent battery cells 10. The conductive tape 102 can be electrically connected to the main grid by welding, or the conductive tape 102 can be fixed on the main grid by glue points in advance, and the conductive tape 102 can be electrically connected to the main grid by using the fusion of the glue points and the deformation of the conductive tape 102 during the lamination process.

[0225] In other cases, when the battery cell 10 is a main grid-free battery, the surface of the battery cell 10 has a plurality of sub-grids arranged at intervals along the second direction Y. In the process of constructing a battery string using the battery cell 10, the conductive tape 102 is electrically connected to the plurality of sub-grids on each of the two adjacent battery cells 10. The conductive tape 102 can be fixed at a specific position above the battery cell 10 by glue dots, and then the electrical connection between the conductive tape 102 and the sub-grids is achieved by utilizing the fusion of the glue dots and the deformation of the conductive tape 102 during the lamination process.

[0226] Those skilled in the art can understand that the above-mentioned embodiments are specific examples for realizing the present disclosure, and in practical applications, various changes can be made to them in form and details without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, so the protection scope of the present disclosure shall be based on the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a photovoltaic module frame, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Aluminum alloy raw materials are prepared, wherein the aluminum alloy raw materials include, by mass percentage, Si 0.66% to 0.70%, Mg 0.56% to 0.60%, Mn ≤ 0.05%, Cu ≤ 0.05%, Cr ≤ 0.02%, Fe ≤ 0.18%, Zn ≤ 0.15%, Ti ≤ 0.15%, Sr 0.03% to 0.05%, the sum of La and Ce content is 0.03% to 0.15%, and the rest is Al; Melting the prepared aluminum alloy raw material into liquid aluminum alloy, and casting the liquid aluminum alloy into alloy profiles; The alloy profile is subjected to homogenization heat treatment and then placed in an extrusion device for extrusion molding to obtain a profile; The profile is subjected to aging treatment and surface treatment in sequence to obtain a photovoltaic module frame.

2. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: In terms of mass percentage, in the aluminum alloy raw material, La accounts for 0.01% to 0.07%, and Ce accounts for 0.02% to 0.08%.

3. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module frame according to claim 2, characterized in that: Calculated by mass percentage, the ratio of La content to Ce content in the aluminum alloy raw material is 3:7 to 1:

1.

4. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: In terms of mass percentage, in the aluminum alloy raw material, the ratio of Mg content to Si content is 0.8-0.9; and the sum of Cu content and Mn content is ≤0.08%.

5. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The homogenization heat treatment comprises: heating the alloy profile to a first insulation temperature at a first heating rate, and maintaining the alloy profile at the first insulation temperature for a first insulation time, then heating the alloy profile to a second insulation temperature at a second heating rate, and maintaining the alloy profile for a second insulation time, and then air cooling the alloy profile to below 200° C.; Among them, the first heating rate is 165℃ / h~195℃ / h, the first insulation temperature is 460℃~490℃, the second heating rate is 110℃ / h~130℃ / h, the second insulation temperature is 560℃~600℃, the first insulation time is 2.5h~3.5h, and the second insulation time is 0.8h~1.2h.

6. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of melting the prepared aluminum alloy raw material into the liquid aluminum alloy comprises: The aluminum alloy raw material is placed in a smelting furnace for smelting, and the smelting temperature is set at 730°C to 760°C. When the aluminum alloy raw material in the smelting furnace melts to 725°C to 745°C, the liquid in the smelting furnace is sampled and analyzed. When the aluminum alloy raw material in the smelting furnace melts to 730°C to 750°C, component additives are added, and the component additives include elements whose element content in the liquid in the smelting furnace is less than the element content in the aluminum alloy raw material.

7. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the liquid aluminum alloy is melted and casted, the following steps are also included: The liquid aluminum alloy is subjected to a refining process, an online treatment process, and a metallurgical quality control process in sequence to obtain the liquid aluminum alloy after impurities are removed; The refining process of the liquid aluminum alloy comprises: Refining is performed under a refining gas followed by standing, the refining and standing being performed three times in sequence, the refining temperature of each refining is 725° C. to 740° C., the refining time of each refining is 40 min to 60 min, the standing time of each refining is greater than or equal to 30 min, the refining gas comprises argon and chlorine, and the content of chlorine accounts for 2% to 5% of the total content of the refining gas; The online treatment process comprises: removing impurities from the liquid aluminum alloy by using a rotating nozzle inert gas floatation method.

8. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for melting and casting the liquid aluminum alloy into the alloy profile comprises: The liquid aluminum alloy enters the mold plate through a flow channel and Al-Ti-B wire is added to refine the grains online, and the casting is performed by oil-gas lubrication, wherein the casting includes a first casting stage and a second casting stage which are performed in sequence; Among them, the ingot specifications are: diameter is 160mm~190mm; the casting temperature of the first casting stage is: 670℃~700℃; the casting temperature of the second casting stage is: 680℃~710℃; the casting speed of the first casting stage is: 135mm / min~175mm / min; the casting speed of the second casting stage is: 130mm / min~170mm / min; the water inlet temperature requirement is: T=20℃~30℃; the water flow rate is: 490m 3 / h~690m 3 / h; The surface treatment includes: The profile after the aging treatment is subjected to anodizing treatment to form an oxide film with a thickness of 8 μm to 12 μm on the surface of the profile.

9. A photovoltaic module frame, characterized in that: The photovoltaic assembly frame is prepared by the method for preparing a photovoltaic assembly frame according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A solar photovoltaic module, characterized in that: A photovoltaic component frame comprising the photovoltaic component frame according to claim 9, or a photovoltaic component frame prepared by the preparation method of the photovoltaic component frame according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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