Steel sheet grating concrete member

Abstract

The invention discloses a steel sheet grating concrete member, and aims to overcome the defects of traditional prefabricated members in the aspects of mechanical properties, connection nodes and industrial production. The component comprises a steel sheet grating unit, a connecting node structure and a concrete base body. The steel sheet grating units are composed of adaptive alloy steel sheets, the direction, the layer number and the distance of the steel grating are planned according to the stress of a component, the steel sheets in a stress concentration area and a stress non-concentration area are processed differently and provided with connecting lug plates, and the steel gratings on all layers are connected through special connecting pieces. Connecting nodes among the components are quickly positioned through mortises and tenons; and the concrete matrix works cooperatively with the steel sheet grid through optimization of the mix proportion. According to the component size and stress flexible design, the mechanical property is improved, the connecting joints are stable and efficient, industrial production and construction are facilitated, the method is widely applied to manufacturing of beams, columns, wallboards and other components in the field of constructional engineering, the safety, stability and construction efficiency of a building structure are effectively improved, and building industrialization development is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention focuses on the field of construction engineering, and aims to innovate and develop steel grid concrete components and promote their application to meet the demand for high-performance components in modern building industrialization and improve the overall quality and stability of building structures. Background Art

[0002] In the development process of modern construction engineering, prefabricated assembly construction has occupied an important position. Traditional prefabricated components, such as reinforced concrete prefabricated components and steel concrete prefabricated components, are widely used, but they all have obvious shortcomings. The steel bar layout of reinforced concrete prefabricated components lacks flexibility and is difficult to effectively adjust according to the actual stress conditions of the components. In complex stress or stress concentration areas, the material utilization efficiency is low, and in the industrial production process, the steel bar binding process is complicated and time-consuming. During long-term use, the steel bar corrosion problem will also have a serious negative impact on its collaborative working performance with concrete. Steel concrete prefabricated components face the problem of difficulty in combining steel and concrete, which makes the construction process complicated and the material cost increases significantly. In addition, there are many defects in the design of the connection nodes of traditional prefabricated components. The connection method is either too single and inefficient, or too complicated and difficult to accurately control, resulting in low accuracy and efficiency of the connection, which cannot meet the strict requirements of modern buildings for structural stability, integrity and efficient construction. In contrast, the steel grid concrete component of the present invention shows unique advantages and can effectively overcome many disadvantages of traditional prefabricated components. Summary of the invention

[0003] The steel grid concrete component of the present invention is mainly composed of the following key parts:

[0004] 1. Steel sheet grille unit:

[0005] · Material selection and performance of steel sheets: Select suitable alloy steel sheets with suitable mechanical properties such as yield strength, elastic modulus and toughness. Yield strength ensures that the steel sheet can produce moderate deformation without sudden breakage when bearing load, elastic modulus makes it well coordinated with concrete deformation, and toughness makes the steel sheet not easy to crack under impact or complex stress. At the same time, the corrosion resistance of the steel sheet is considered according to the use environment of the component, and alloy steel containing specific corrosion-resistant elements is selected in special environments. In addition, the steel sheet needs to have good machinability to meet the processing requirements of various shapes and sizes.

[0006] Steel sheet arrangement:

[0007] ·Beam components: Since the beam is mainly subjected to vertical bending moment and shear force, the steel sheets are placed horizontally along the length of the beam. The bending moment in the middle of the beam span is large, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the steel sheet is appropriately increased. The number of steel grid layers can be increased or the distribution of steel sheets can be increased to improve the bending resistance. The shear force at the beam end support is large. In addition to increasing the cross-sectional area, the steel sheet can be bent or an oblique steel sheet can be installed to enhance the shear resistance. At the left and right 1 / 4 span of the beam, the hole part is processed into an oblique folded brace to cooperate with the horizontal steel sheet to resist the oblique tension.

[0008] Column components: Four-sided wrapping is adopted. For columns that bear large axial pressure and small bending moment, the steel sheets are evenly distributed, the number is appropriately reduced in the middle, and holes are dug in the non-concentrated stress area to form components pulled toward the center to increase stability. For columns that bear large bending moments, such as corner columns or side columns, the cross-sectional area of ​​the steel sheets is increased and densely distributed in the plane of the bending moment, and the number is appropriately reduced perpendicular to the plane to ensure overall stability and torsion resistance.

[0009] ·Wall panel components: Steel sheets are connected in strips on the upper and both sides. For wall panels that bear large horizontal loads, the steel sheets are denser in the horizontal direction and the cross-sectional area is increased, which can be achieved by increasing the number of steel grid layers or reducing the spacing between steel sheets. In stress concentration areas such as the edge of the wall panel and around the opening, the steel sheets are strengthened, such as increasing the number of layers, increasing the cross-section or adding additional steel sheets, to prevent cracks from occurring and expanding, ensure uniform stress, and improve load bearing and overall stability.

[0010] · Steel grille connection and component construction: According to the size of the component and the stress condition, carefully plan the number of steel grille layers and spacing, and set the protective layer reasonably. In the stress concentration area, such as the beam end support, column top and bottom and other key parts, increase the cross-sectional area of ​​the steel sheet to enhance the bearing and shear resistance; in the stress non-concentration area, appropriately reduce the cross-sectional area of ​​the steel sheet and perform hole digging, and the edge of the hole is arc-shaped to reduce stress concentration. The hole-digging part can be processed into a strip or sheet structure, which can be used as an oblique reinforcement strip in the beam component and as a component pulled toward the center in the column component, effectively improving the overall stability of the component. Connection and fixing ear plates are set on the outside of the component to facilitate subsequent assembly and construction operations. Each layer of steel grating is connected and fixed with special connecting buckles or short steel bars. The connecting buckles are designed as bayonet structures that match the shape of the steel grating. They are clamped in the corresponding positions of the two adjacent layers of steel grating and fastened with welding or bolts to ensure a firm connection. The short steel bars can be welded at the intersection or specific connecting parts of the upper and lower layers of steel grating to form a stable overall structure for each layer of steel grating.

[0011] 2. Connection node structure: A unique connection node is designed at the end of the steel grille unit, and a combination of multiple connection methods such as concave-convex matching, bolt connection, welding, etc. is innovatively adopted, and a mortise and tenon structure for quick docking and positioning is provided. A protruding tenon is set at one end of the component, and a recessed mortise is set at the corresponding position at the other end. When prefabricated in the factory or installed on the construction site, the mortise and tenon structure is first used to achieve rapid and accurate positioning of the component, and then pre-fixed by bolts, so that the component connection is stable and the position is accurate, which effectively improves the connection speed and accuracy. For example, at the connection node between the beam and the column, in addition to the outward protruding connection ear plate, the steel grille unit at the beam end is also provided with a tenon near the connection ear plate, and matching grooves, bolt holes and mortise holes are set at the corresponding position of the column end. First, the mortise and tenon structure is used for positioning, then bolted, and finally the connection part is filled with high-strength concrete or grouting materials to ensure that the mechanical properties of the connection node are not lower than the main part of the component, effectively preventing the node from being damaged before the main part of the component, thereby laying a solid foundation for the stability and reliability of the entire building structure.

[0012] 3. Concrete matrix: High-quality concrete materials are used, and after a large number of experiments and in-depth analysis, the mix ratio is optimized. The optimized mix ratio enables concrete and steel grille to form a highly coordinated working system. The concrete tightly wraps the steel grille, fills its gaps, and jointly bears the various complex loads borne by the components with the steel grille, giving full play to the advantages of each material and achieving overall performance improvement. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] 1. Production of steel grille unit:

[0014] ·According to the precise design requirements of the components, the appropriate alloy steel sheets are strictly selected to ensure that their various mechanical performance indicators meet the design expectations. Use high-precision cutting equipment to process the alloy steel sheets into predetermined shapes, strictly control the dimensional accuracy, and ensure that the error is within a very small range. According to the design plan, use stamping or drilling equipment to make holes or notches on the steel sheets to ensure that the shape of the holes or notches is regular and the position is accurate. Assemble the steel sheets according to the designed grid arrangement, and use special connecting buckles or short steel bars to connect each layer of steel grid. When installing the connecting buckle, first accurately insert it into the corresponding position of the two adjacent layers of steel grid, and then weld or bolt it; the short steel bars are welded at the predetermined intersection or connection position. During the assembly process, use professional measuring tools to continuously monitor the shape and dimensional accuracy of the grid unit to fully meet the design tolerance requirements and provide high-quality steel grid unit components for subsequent component production.

[0015] 2. Processing and pre-assembly of connection nodes:

[0016] ·The ends of the steel sheet grating units are processed in strict accordance with the connection node design plan. For example, for the welding of the connecting ear plate and the tenon at the beam end, it is necessary to ensure that the welding quality meets high standards, and the size, shape, and position of the connecting ear plate and the tenon are precisely consistent with the design drawings; for the processing of the column end grooves, bolt holes, and mortises, each parameter needs to be precisely controlled to ensure a perfect match with the beam end components. Pre-assemble multiple steel sheet grating units in the factory to simulate the actual connection scenario and comprehensively test the matching accuracy of the connection nodes, including whether the gaps and relative position relationships between the connection components are accurate and correct. At the same time, the mechanical properties of the connection nodes are strictly tested, such as tensile strength, compression strength, and shear strength. Once any problems are found, they are immediately analyzed in depth and adjusted and improved in a timely manner to ensure the high reliability and stability of the connection nodes in actual use.

[0017] 3. Concrete pouring and component forming:

[0018] ·Place the steel grille units that have been manufactured and passed the quality inspection accurately in the prefabricated mold, and use professional positioning devices to ensure that their positions are fixed and fully meet the design requirements. Carry out the pouring operation of concrete according to the optimized concrete mix ratio. During the pouring process, adopt the layered pouring method, reasonably control the pouring thickness of each layer, and cooperate with the vibration process. When vibrating, the vibrating rod is operated with an appropriate insertion depth, vibration time and vibration frequency to ensure that the concrete evenly and fully fills the gaps in the steel grille to avoid quality defects such as loose concrete, voids or honeycomb surface. After the concrete is poured, move the components to a special maintenance area, set the temperature, humidity and maintenance time of the maintenance environment according to the characteristics of the concrete, and carry out scientific maintenance. After the concrete reaches the design strength, use professional demoulding equipment to carefully remove the mold to obtain the finished steel grille concrete component. At the construction site, the prefabricated components are assembled through connecting nodes, first quickly positioned and pre-fixed using mortise and tenon structures and bolts, and then grouting operations are carried out in strict accordance with construction process specifications to ensure firm connections and accurate positioning, ultimately forming a complete and stable building structure system.

[0019] The steel grid concrete component of the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0020] 1. Design flexibility and improved mechanical properties: The reinforced structure layout of traditional prefabricated components is fixed, and it is difficult to adjust dynamically according to the actual stress of the components. The steel grille of the present invention can be refined and optimized according to the component size and stress conditions, and key parameters such as the number of steel grille layers, spacing, and cross-sectional shape of the steel sheet can be flexibly adjusted, which greatly improves material utilization and significantly enhances the mechanical properties of the components. This advantage is more prominent in areas with complex local stresses, such as the mid-span of beams, near supports, the top and bottom of columns, and the edges of wall panels and around openings, effectively improving the safety and reliability of the building structure and providing a solid guarantee for the stable operation of the building under various complex working conditions.

[0021] 2. Advantages of connection nodes: Traditional prefabricated component connection nodes have problems such as complex construction, inaccurate positioning or insufficient connection strength. The connection nodes of the present invention adopt a combination of multiple connection methods and are equipped with a mortise and tenon structure with quick docking and positioning and bolt pre-fixation. During factory prefabrication and installation on the construction site, it can achieve rapid and accurate positioning and stable connection of components, improve connection speed and accuracy, ensure that the mechanical properties of the connection nodes are not lower than the main part of the component, enhance the integrity and seismic performance of the building structure, and enable the building to have stronger resistance to natural disasters such as earthquakes and storms, thereby ensuring the safety of life and property.

[0022] 3. Industrialized production and construction convenience: The present invention is conducive to industrialized production. The steel grille units can be mass-produced in the factory with the help of standardized molds and automated equipment. The production process is easy to control and the product quality is stable. Due to the standardized and prefabricated components, the construction site can greatly reduce the amount of wet work and construction cycle, reduce labor costs and labor intensity, improve construction efficiency, and effectively promote the process of building industrialization, providing strong technical support for the efficient and sustainable development of the modern construction industry.

[0023] In summary, the steel grid concrete component of the present invention provides an innovative concrete component solution for the field of construction engineering, and has broad application prospects and significant economic and social benefits.

Claims

1. A steel grid concrete component, characterized in that: include: The steel sheet grating unit is a grating structure composed of matching alloy steel sheets. The alloy steel sheets have suitable yield strength, elastic modulus and toughness. The number of steel grating layers and spacing are arranged according to the size of the component and the stress conditions, and a protective layer is set. The cross-sectional area of ​​the stress concentration area is larger than that of the non-concentration area. The edges of the holes in the non-concentration area are arc-shaped and can be processed into strips or sheet structures as oblique reinforcement or tensioning components. Connection and fixing ear plates are left outside the component. Each layer of steel grating is connected by a special connecting buckle or short steel bar. The connecting buckle is a bayonet structure that matches the steel grating and is connected by snapping in and welding or bolting. The short steel bar is welded to the intersection of the upper and lower steel gratings or specific positions. For different types of components, the steel sheets of the beam component are arranged horizontally along the length of the beam to withstand the bending moment and shear force under vertical stress, and the column component adopts a four-sided wrapping form The steel sheets are rectangular along the length of the column and their distribution is adjusted according to the degree of force concentration. The steel sheets of the wall panel components are strip-shaped on the upper surface and both side surfaces and connected into sheets, and the width is customized according to the force to ensure uniform force. The connection node structure is located at the end of the steel sheet grille unit. It adopts a combination of concave-convex matching, bolt connection or welding and is equipped with a mortise and tenon structure for quick docking and positioning. It is used for factory prefabricated component connection or construction site component connection. When connecting, it is first positioned by the mortise and tenon structure and then pre-fixed with bolts. After that, high-strength concrete or grouting materials are filled in the connection part to ensure that the mechanical properties of the connection node are not lower than those of the main part of the component. The concrete matrix adopts concrete with an optimized mix ratio to form a collaborative working system with the steel sheet grille. The concrete tightly wraps the steel sheet grille and fills its gaps to jointly bear the load borne by the component.

2. The steel grid concrete member according to claim 1, wherein the stress concentration area of ​​the beam member includes the beam end support and the vicinity of the concentrated load action point, and the left and right 1 / 4 of the beam are reinforced by forming oblique folded braces using the excavated parts.

3. According to the steel sheet grid concrete member of claim 1, when the column member is subjected to large axial pressure and small bending moment, the steel sheets are evenly distributed, the number of steel sheets is appropriately reduced in the middle part, and the non-concentrated stress area is processed into a component pulled toward the center; when subjected to large bending moment, the cross-sectional area of ​​the steel sheets in the plane of the bending moment is increased and densely distributed, and the number of steel sheets is appropriately reduced perpendicular to the plane to ensure overall stability and torsion resistance.

4. According to the steel grid concrete component of claim 1, the steel sheets of the wall panel component are denser in the horizontal direction and the cross-sectional area is increased when subjected to a large horizontal load, which is achieved by increasing the number of steel grid layers or reducing the spacing between steel sheets, and strengthening the steel sheets in stress concentration areas such as edges and around openings, including increasing the number of layers, increasing the cross-section or setting additional steel sheets.

5. According to the steel sheet grid concrete component of claim 1, the production of the steel sheet grid unit includes selecting steel materials, cutting and processing steel sheets, making holes or notches, assembling into grid units according to the design and ensuring accuracy. The assembly process includes the connection process of each layer of steel grid. When connecting, the connecting buckles are accurately inserted into the corresponding positions of the two adjacent layers of steel grids and then welded or bolted. The short steel bars are welded at the predetermined intersections or connection positions, and professional measuring tools are used throughout the process to monitor the shape and size accuracy of the grid unit to ensure that it meets the tolerance requirements.

6. According to the steel grid concrete member of claim 1, the connection node processing and pre-assembly include processing the connection parts at the end of the steel grid unit according to the design and pre-assembling them in the factory to check the matching accuracy and mechanical properties of the connection nodes, and timely adjusting and improving the problems. During processing, ensure that the size, shape, and position of the connecting ear plate and the tenon at the beam end and the groove, bolt hole and mortise at the column end are consistent with the design and match each other.

7. The steel grid concrete component according to claim 1, wherein the concrete pouring and component forming comprises placing the steel grid unit in a prefabricated mold, pouring concrete in layers according to an optimized mix ratio, curing to a designed strength, removing the mold to obtain a finished product, and assembling it into a building structure through connecting nodes at the construction site, operating the vibrator with appropriate parameters during pouring to ensure that the concrete evenly fills the gaps in the steel grid, and setting environmental parameters during curing according to the characteristics of the concrete.