Multi-station top drilling rig based on coal mining

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-station top cutting drill based on coal mining, and relates to the technical field of top cutting drills. On the basis of not changing the operating state of the top cutting drill, during the pressure drilling process, an auxiliary hydraulic sleeve which does not participate in the pressure drilling action is added. Its essence is that a pressure plate continuously contacts the surface of a coal seam but does not perform a drilling action on the coal seam. Instead, the reaction force of the coal seam surface to the pressure plate is converted into air pressure and hydraulic pressure. The converted air pressure form is, on the one hand, to reduce the vibration during the drilling process. The key lies in coordinating the hydraulic conversion process between the main / auxiliary hydraulic sleeves. Its essence is to interact the travel process of the drill disc with the reaction force borne by the pressure plate, thereby reducing the workload of the transmission parts during the working process, and can be used to maintain stability during the drilling process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of top cutting drills, in particular to a multi-station top cutting drill based on coal mining. Background Art

[0002] The top cutting drill used in coal mining operations drills holes and applies pressure when cutting the coal seam roof, thereby breaking and falling the coal seam roof, allowing the coal mining machine to carry out coal mining work smoothly and reduce the occurrence of coal face collapse accidents. Please refer to the relevant content involved in the publication number CN112901069A.

[0003] It should be noted that the hardness of coal mine layers is not completely consistent. When pressure drilling is performed on relatively thick coal seams, the drill bit travel speed is low and the overall drill bit structure bears a heavy workload, which will cause greater friction damage or stress damage to the drill bit and the drill bit transmission structure. Specifically, the drill bit will be worn out and its service life will be reduced, or the transmission stability of the transmission structure will be affected, thereby aggravating the generation of operation noise / vibration. The above situations will directly affect the use efficiency of the top cutting drill.

[0004] This application proposes a solution to this problem. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-station top cutting drill based on coal mining. Regarding the working environment and working process of the top cutting drill, since the hardness of the coal layer is different, the overall action process directly affects the travel rate of the drill bit, which will cause greater friction damage or stress damage to the drill bit and the drill bit transmission structure.

[0006] The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme: a multi-station top cutting drill based on coal mining, comprising a crawler walking mechanism, a rotating disk assembly, a flipping mechanism, and a large support frame, wherein a drill assembly is installed on the large support frame, and the large support frame performs a flipping action on the rotating disk assembly through the flipping mechanism, and the rotating disk assembly performs a rotating action on the crawler walking mechanism;

[0007] The drill assembly includes a main hydraulic sleeve, a drill plate, a piston connecting rod 1 and a drive motor, and the drill assembly is arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner along the width direction of the large support frame. A mounting seat is installed on the piston connecting rod 1, and the drive motor is installed on the mounting seat. The piston connecting rod 1 is slidably connected inside the main hydraulic sleeve through hydraulic pressure, and the drill plate is installed on the output shaft of the drive motor.

[0008] An auxiliary hydraulic sleeve is arranged in the middle of the two main hydraulic sleeves, a piston connecting rod 2 is slidably installed inside the auxiliary hydraulic sleeve, and a pressure plate and a transfer block are arranged in sequence from top to bottom at the top position of the piston connecting rod 2.

[0009] It is further configured that: the interior of the main hydraulic sleeve is communicated with the interior of the auxiliary hydraulic sleeve.

[0010] It is further configured as follows: a pressure-bearing seat is provided at the lower end of the main hydraulic sleeve, and the lower end of the main hydraulic sleeve is a sphere, and a movably connected sphere and the pressure-bearing seat are provided.

[0011] It is further configured as follows: a plurality of first hydraulic cylinders are installed on the lower side of the rotating disk assembly corresponding to the pressure seat, the top end of the output shaft of the first hydraulic cylinder is a sphere, and the top end of the output shaft of the first hydraulic cylinder is movably connected to the pressure seat through the sphere.

[0012] It is further configured as follows: a horizontally arranged force-bearing seat is installed in the middle position of the two main hydraulic sleeves, a pneumatic telescopic rod is arranged at the four corners of the force-bearing seat, and the two ends of the pneumatic telescopic rod are respectively rotatably connected with the mounting seat and the force-bearing seat.

[0013] It is further configured as follows: a sphere is installed at the intersection of the auxiliary hydraulic sleeve and the force-bearing seat, and the auxiliary hydraulic sleeve is movably connected to the force-bearing seat through the sphere, and the bottom end of the auxiliary hydraulic sleeve is rotatably connected to the large support frame.

[0014] It is further configured as follows: an air chamber corresponding to the pneumatic telescopic rod is opened inside the transfer block, a piston shaft seat is slidably installed inside the air chamber, and the internal position of the air chamber is connected to the inside of the pneumatic telescopic rod.

[0015] It is further configured as follows: the upper end position of the piston shaft seat is installed at the lower side position of the pressure plate, and a connecting spring is installed on the outer wall position of the piston shaft seat corresponding to the middle of the pressure plate and the transfer block.

[0016] It is further configured that: the upper surface of the pressure receiving plate is located higher than the upper surface of the drilling plate.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The overall device is based on the pressure drilling action of the top cutting drill. On the basis of not changing the action process, the auxiliary hydraulic sleeve that does not participate in the pressure drilling action is added in coordination with the action process of the two main hydraulic sleeves and the drill plate. The auxiliary hydraulic sleeve contacts the coal seam independently of the main hydraulic sleeve but does not perform the drilling process on the coal seam. The key is that the pressure plate continuously contacts the coal seam to generate a reaction force, thereby cooperating with the auxiliary hydraulic sleeve to perform reverse movement and convert the reaction force into air pressure. The purpose is to cooperate with the reaction force to reduce the vibration generated by the drilling process;

[0019] Based on the above content, the hydraulic oil inside the main hydraulic sleeve and the auxiliary hydraulic sleeve can be freely converted, and because the hydraulic oil is the basic medium for maintaining pressure, the hydraulic action generated by the hydraulic oil in the two positions is used to balance the drilling action performed at the two positions. It is mainly used to adapt to the hardness changes during the drilling process, so as to "balance" the travel speed of the drill disc through the hydraulic conversion process, reduce the workload of the transmission parts during the working process, and can be used to maintain stability during the drilling process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-station top cutting drill rig for coal mining proposed by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 The invention provides a multi-station top cutting drill for coal mining. Figure 1 A front view of

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a drill bit assembly in a multi-station top cutting drill rig for coal mining proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 The invention provides a multi-station top cutting drill for coal mining. Figure 3 Side view of

[0025] Figure 5 The invention provides a multi-station top cutting drill for coal mining. Figure 3 A cutaway view of the middle main hydraulic sleeve;

[0026] Figure 6 The invention provides a multi-station top cutting drill for coal mining. Figure 3 Cross-section of the secondary hydraulic sleeve.

[0027] In the figure: 1. crawler walking mechanism; 2. rotating disk assembly; 3. flip mechanism; 4. large support frame; 5. drive motor; 6. drill plate; 7. main hydraulic sleeve; 8. pressure plate; 9. transfer block; 10. force seat; 11. pressure seat; 12. first hydraulic cylinder; 13. pneumatic telescopic rod; 14. auxiliary hydraulic sleeve; 15. piston connecting rod 1; 16. piston shaft seat; 17. air chamber; 18. connecting spring; 19. piston connecting rod 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Embodiment 1: With respect to the working environment and working process of the top cutting drill, since the hardness of the coal mine layer is different, the overall action process directly affects the drill bit travel speed, which will cause greater friction damage or stress damage to the drill bit and the drill bit transmission structure. The following technical solutions are proposed:

[0030] Reference Figures 1 to 6 The multi-station top cutting drill based on coal mining in this embodiment includes a crawler walking mechanism 1, a rotating disk assembly 2, a turning mechanism 3, and a large support frame 4. A drill assembly is installed on the large support frame 4, and the large support frame 4 performs a turning action on the rotating disk assembly 2 through the turning mechanism 3, and the rotating disk assembly 2 performs a rotating action on the crawler walking mechanism 1;

[0031] The drill assembly includes a main hydraulic sleeve 7, a drill plate 6, a piston connecting rod 15 and a drive motor 5, and the drill assembly is arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner along the width direction of the large support frame 4. A mounting seat is installed on the piston connecting rod 15, and the drive motor 5 is installed on the mounting seat. The piston connecting rod 15 is slidably connected inside the main hydraulic sleeve 7 through hydraulic pressure, and the drill plate 6 is installed on the output shaft of the drive motor 5;

[0032] An auxiliary hydraulic sleeve 14 is arranged in the middle position of the two main hydraulic sleeves 7, and a piston connecting rod 19 is slidably installed inside the auxiliary hydraulic sleeve 14. A pressure plate 8 and a transfer block 9 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom at the top position of the piston connecting rod 19, and the interior of the main hydraulic sleeve 7 is connected to the interior of the auxiliary hydraulic sleeve 14.

[0033] Basic principle: A brief description of the operation process of the top drilling rig is given: the crawler walking mechanism 1 mainly drives the overall structure to move in a directional manner in the mine tunnel, and the flip mechanism 3 is essentially a hydraulic cylinder, which mainly drives the overall large support frame 4 to drive the overall drill assembly to flip in a directional manner, and the rotating disk assembly 2 drives the overall drill assembly to rotate in a directional manner. This part is the basic principle and will not be introduced in detail in the present invention;

[0034] It should be noted that: refer to Figure 5The driving motor 5 drives the drill plate 6 to rotate at a uniform speed, and by injecting hydraulic oil into the main hydraulic sleeve 7, a cylinder structure is formed between the main hydraulic sleeve 7 and the piston connecting rod 15, thereby driving the driving motor 5 to move upward or downward through the mounting seat. In the specific action process, the drill plate 6 is firstly brought into contact with the coal seam position and hydraulic oil is used to provide hydraulic pressure, thereby completing the pressure drilling action.

[0035] Embodiment 2: The following supplementary explanation is provided for the pressure drilling action performed:

[0036] A pressure-bearing seat 11 is provided at the lower end of the main hydraulic sleeve 7, and the lower end of the main hydraulic sleeve 7 is a sphere and is movably connected to the pressure-bearing seat 11 through the sphere. A plurality of first hydraulic cylinders 12 are installed at the lower side of the rotating disk assembly 2 corresponding to the pressure-bearing seat 11, and the top end of the output shaft of the first hydraulic cylinder 12 is a sphere, and the top end of the output shaft of the first hydraulic cylinder 12 is movably connected to the pressure-bearing seat 11 through the sphere. A horizontally arranged force-bearing seat 10 is installed in the middle of the two main hydraulic sleeves 7, and pneumatic telescopic rods 13 are provided at the four corners of the force-bearing seat 10, and the two ends of the pneumatic telescopic rod 13 are rotatably connected to the mounting seat and the force-bearing seat 10 respectively.

[0037] Solution Description: Figure 2 As shown, it can be understood that the overall main hydraulic sleeve 7 needs to be flipped to a certain angle by the flip mechanism 3 according to the construction requirements during the pressure drilling process, so it can be understood that the lower end of the overall main hydraulic sleeve 7 is in a suspended state. In this process, because the reaction force generated by the drilling process is directly transmitted to the main hydraulic sleeve 7, the action burden of the fixed structure between the main hydraulic sleeve 7 and the large support frame 4 will be increased, so the pressure bearing seat 11 is added in this embodiment.

[0038] Its essence is: the pressure-bearing seat 11 is mainly used to directly bear the reaction generated by the main hydraulic sleeve 7, but because the main hydraulic sleeve 7 needs to be turned over in accordance with the construction requirements, the pressure-bearing seat 11 and the main hydraulic sleeve 7 are not fixedly connected. Specifically, a movable connection is achieved through a sphere at the lower end of the main hydraulic sleeve 7. Therefore, the output shaft of each first hydraulic cylinder 12 and the pressure-bearing seat 11 also need to maintain a movable connection. The key is: because the setting position of the overall main hydraulic sleeve 7 is relatively fixed relative to the large support frame 4, it is necessary to further limit the setting angle of each first hydraulic cylinder 12, so as to prevent the main hydraulic sleeve 7 from being damaged. Figure 5For example, there are four first hydraulic cylinders 12, two of which need to be arranged along the length direction of the large support frame 4, and the other two first hydraulic cylinders 12 are arranged along the width direction of the large support frame 4. The purpose is: two of the first hydraulic cylinders 12 provide supporting force to the pressure-bearing seat 11, so that they can directly receive the reaction force from the main hydraulic sleeve 7, and directly act on the crawler walking mechanism 1, thereby reducing the movement burden of the fixed structure between the above-mentioned main hydraulic sleeve 7 and the large support frame 4. The other two first hydraulic cylinders 12 only provide basic supporting force to the pressure-bearing seat 11. Because they are limited to their installation positions, the two first hydraulic cylinders 12 arranged along the width direction of the large support frame 4 will not directly change their stroke.

[0039] Embodiment 3: The following coordination scheme is proposed for the action process of the overall drill disc:

[0040] A sphere is installed at the intersection of the auxiliary hydraulic sleeve 14 and the force-bearing seat 10, and the auxiliary hydraulic sleeve 14 is movably connected to the force-bearing seat 10 through the sphere, and the bottom end of the auxiliary hydraulic sleeve 14 is rotatably connected to the large support frame 4. An air chamber 17 corresponding to the pneumatic telescopic rod 13 is opened inside the transfer block 9, and a piston shaft seat 16 is slidably installed inside the air chamber 17, and the internal position of the air chamber 17 is connected with the internal part of the pneumatic telescopic rod 13. The upper end position of the piston shaft seat 16 is installed at the lower side position of the pressure plate 8, and a connecting spring 18 is installed on the outer wall position of the piston shaft seat 16 corresponding to the pressure plate 8 and the transfer block 9. The upper surface position of the pressure plate 8 is higher than the upper surface of the drill disc 6.

[0041] The overall working process is explained in combination with Example 1 and Example 2:

[0042] S1: Because the drill disc 6 is lifted by the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil inside the main hydraulic sleeve 7, and the drill disc 6 is a structure that directly contacts the coal seam, if the hardness of the coal seam is relatively low, then on the basis of a relatively constant hydraulic oil injection rate, the resistance of the drill disc 6 during its movement is low, so the movement speed is relatively fast; on the contrary, the resistance of the drill disc 6 during its movement is low, so the movement speed is relatively fast, and because the hardness of the coal seam varies, the movement speed of the drill disc 6 is difficult to control. On the basis of a constant hydraulic oil injection rate and encountering a relatively high hardness coal seam, the drill disc 6 is difficult to drill into, which will cause a greater workload on the overall piston connecting rod 15 and the main hydraulic sleeve 7. This part is a related problem that the current top cutting drill rig may encounter. For this, a pressure plate 8 is added between the two main hydraulic sleeves 7. The pressure plate 8 does not participate in the drilling action, but it is necessary to further limit the upper surface position of the pressure plate 8 to be higher than the upper surface of the drill disc 6, the purpose of which is to allow the pressure plate 8 to contact the coal seam before the drill disc 6;

[0043] S2: The explanation is based on the content in S1. Because the pressure plate 8 and the coal seam only maintain contact and do not move, refer to Figure 6 , together with the pressure plate 8 and the transfer block 9, it will move downward, thereby driving the piston connecting rod 19 to move downward. During this process, the piston connecting rod 19 will further squeeze the hydraulic oil inside the auxiliary hydraulic sleeve 14 into the main hydraulic sleeve 7. In theory, it will provide an upward thrust to the piston connecting rod 1 15 again, and provide additional thrust to the drill plate 6;

[0044] S3: Let's take S2 ​​as an example: theoretically, the reverse movement process of the pressure plate 8 is directly related to the advancement process of the drill plate 6. The upward advancement of the drill plate 6 is equal to the downward movement distance of the pressure plate 8. Therefore, when the drill plate 6 is difficult to move, the pressure plate 8 will not move either. However, it should be noted that the pressure plate 8 can move downward for a second time relative to the transfer block 9. Figure 6 For example, the piston shaft seat 16 is driven to move downward to compress the air inside the air chamber 17. The key is to press the air inside the air chamber 17 into the pneumatic telescopic rod 13. Figure 4 , the pneumatic telescopic rod 13 is inclined in the upward direction, so it can be understood that: after receiving the air from the air chamber 17, the pneumatic telescopic rod 13 is further extended, thereby driving the force-bearing seat 10 to move upward slightly, and driving the pressure plate 8 to move upward again, and forming a "four-bar linkage" mode with four pneumatic telescopic rods 13. When not participating in the drilling action, because the pressure plate 8 is in continuous contact with the coal seam, it can "absorb" the vibration from the coal seam. On the one hand, the elastic potential energy of the connecting spring 18 is used to perform two processes of "releasing" and "absorbing". However, the key is that the pressure plate 8 cooperates with the force-bearing seat 10 to perform a small reciprocating motion in the up and down direction, and cooperates with the conversion process of the reaction force-air pressure to reduce the vibration damage to the coal seam;

[0045] S4: In the "four-bar linkage" mode, it can be directly understood that the auxiliary hydraulic sleeve 14 performs reciprocating motion. However, because the pressure plate 8 directly bears the reaction force, it will also drive the piston connecting rod 19 to slide in the auxiliary hydraulic sleeve 14, thereby combining the reaction force-air pressure conversion process with the hydraulic pressure conversion process again, so that the workload borne by the two drill bit assemblies during the working process is specifically borne by the pressure plate 8, but will eventually be transmitted to the pneumatic telescopic rod 13 and the main hydraulic sleeve 7 in an even or uneven manner, and specifically transmitted in conjunction with the movement of the drill disc 6.

[0046] In summary: without changing the operating state of the top cutting drill, during the pressure drilling process, an auxiliary hydraulic sleeve that does not participate in the pressure drilling action is added. Its essence is that the pressure plate continuously contacts the surface of the coal seam but does not perform drilling action on the coal seam. Instead, the reaction force of the coal seam surface on the pressure plate is converted into air pressure and hydraulic pressure. The converted air pressure form is on the one hand to reduce the vibration during the drilling process. The key lies in coordinating the hydraulic conversion process between the main / auxiliary hydraulic sleeves. Its essence is to interact the movement process of the drill disc with the reaction force borne by the pressure plate, thereby reducing the workload of the transmission parts during the working process and can be used to maintain stability during the drilling process.

[0047] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the structure of the present invention. The technicians in this technical field may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the structure of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0048] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0049] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to only specific implementation methods. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-station top cutting drill for coal mining, comprising a crawler walking mechanism (1), a rotating disk assembly (2), a turning mechanism (3), and a large support frame (4), characterized in that: The large support frame (4) is equipped with a drill assembly, and the large support frame (4) performs a flipping action on the rotating disk assembly (2) through a flipping mechanism (3), and the rotating disk assembly (2) performs a rotating action on the crawler walking mechanism (1); The drill assembly comprises a main hydraulic sleeve (7), a drill disc (6), a piston connecting rod (15) and a drive motor (5), and the drill assembly is arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner along the width direction of the large support frame (4), a mounting seat is installed on the piston connecting rod (15), the drive motor (5) is installed on the mounting seat, the piston connecting rod (15) is slidably connected inside the main hydraulic sleeve (7) through hydraulic pressure, and the drill disc (6) is installed on the output shaft of the drive motor (5); An auxiliary hydraulic sleeve (14) is arranged at the middle position of the two main hydraulic sleeves (7), a second piston connecting rod (19) is slidably mounted inside the auxiliary hydraulic sleeve (14), and a pressure plate (8) and a transfer block (9) are arranged in sequence from top to bottom at the top position of the second piston connecting rod (19); A horizontally arranged force bearing seat (10) is installed in the middle of the two main hydraulic sleeves (7), and pneumatic telescopic rods (13) are arranged at the four corners of the force bearing seat (10). The two ends of the pneumatic telescopic rod (13) are rotatably connected to the mounting seat and the force bearing seat (10), respectively. An air chamber (17) corresponding to the pneumatic telescopic rod (13) is provided inside the transfer block (9), and a piston shaft seat (16) is slidably installed inside the air chamber (17), and the internal position of the air chamber (17) is connected to the inside of the pneumatic telescopic rod (13).

2. The multi-station top drilling rig for coal mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interior of the main hydraulic sleeve (7) is communicated with the interior of the auxiliary hydraulic sleeve (14).

3. The multi-station top cutting drill rig based on coal mining according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A pressure-bearing seat (11) is provided at the lower end of the main hydraulic sleeve (7), and the lower end of the main hydraulic sleeve (7) is a sphere, and a movably connected sphere and the pressure-bearing seat (11) are provided therebetween.

4. The multi-station top cutting drill rig based on coal mining according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A plurality of first hydraulic cylinders (12) are installed on the lower side of the rotating disk assembly (2) corresponding to the pressure-bearing seat (11); the top end of the output shaft of the first hydraulic cylinder (12) is a sphere, and the top end of the output shaft of the first hydraulic cylinder (12) is movably connected to the pressure-bearing seat (11) via the sphere.

5. The multi-station top cutting drill rig based on coal mining according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A sphere is installed at the intersection of the auxiliary hydraulic sleeve (14) and the force bearing seat (10), and the auxiliary hydraulic sleeve (14) is movably connected to the force bearing seat (10) through the sphere, and the bottom end of the auxiliary hydraulic sleeve (14) is rotatably connected to the large support frame (4).

6. The multi-station top cutting drill rig based on coal mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the piston shaft seat (16) is mounted on the lower side of the pressure plate (8), and a connecting spring (18) is mounted on the outer wall of the piston shaft seat (16) corresponding to the middle of the pressure plate (8) and the transfer block (9).

7. The multi-station top cutting drill rig for coal mining according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper surface of the pressure receiving plate (8) is located higher than the upper surface of the drilling plate (6).

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