Tunnel lining leakage-proof guiding and discharging device and waterproof leaking stoppage method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a tunnel lining leakage-proof drainage device which comprises a protection groove located at a water seepage crack and a semicircular drainage groove located in the protection groove and provided with an opening facing the interior of the water seepage crack. The water diversion hole is formed towards the interior of the water seepage crack, extends into the second lining and is arranged close to the waterproof plate; the water diversion hole is communicated with the drainage groove, and the semicircular drainage groove is communicated with the drainage side ditch through a round pipe at the opening; at least four water-resisting layers are arranged along the periphery of the protection groove from outside to inside, and the thickness of the water-resisting layer on the outermost side is not smaller than 2 mm. According to the leakage-proof structure, secondary permeation of external water is avoided through the multiple water-resisting layers, so that the leakage-proof effect is improved, various drainage measures are added, water at the leakage position is drained in time, and the stability and quality of the whole structure are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lining water leakage treatment in tunnel construction, and in particular to a tunnel lining leakage prevention and drainage device. Background Art

[0002] At present, the traditional lining waterproofing and drainage construction methods in China are generally divided into three types. The first is direct plugging, which is to find the leaking points or cracks in the entire tunnel lining, chisel a "V" groove along the leaking point or construction joint, and then seal it with plugging mortar, and compact and smooth the groove with cement mortar to enhance the surface anti-seepage ability. The second is chemical grouting plugging, which is to chisel grooves according to the cracks in the tunnel, make grouting cavities and bury grouting pipes, and seal the seams with quick-setting materials on the outside. After the slurry solidifies, the grouting pipes are chiseled out, and the surface is compacted and smoothed with cement mortar. The third is lining surface treatment, which is to chisel out a 2-3 cm groove in the surface leakage area and 20 cm outside it. The chiseled surface does not require flatness and smoothness to increase the bonding strength between the plugging material and the old concrete. The waterproof surface protector is evenly applied two to three times, and the outside is smoothed with cement mortar. Within three days, spray atomized water regularly for maintenance. However, the above three methods are mainly based on blocking, which fails to effectively drain the water above the lining. When the water accumulates to a certain level, it will overflow to other places and leak, posing a safety hazard. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunnel lining leakage prevention and drainage device, which not only prevents leakage of multiple waterproof layers, but also adds drainage to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions.

[0005] A tunnel lining leakage prevention and drainage device, comprising: A protective groove located at the water seepage crack, and a semicircular drainage groove located in the protective groove and opening toward the water seepage crack; A water diversion hole is arranged toward the water seepage crack, the water diversion hole extends into the second lining and is arranged close to the waterproof board; The water diversion hole is connected to the drainage groove, and the semicircular drainage groove is connected to the drainage ditch through a circular pipe at the opening; At least four waterproof layers are arranged along the outer circumference of the protective groove from the outside to the inside, and the thickness of the outermost waterproof layer is not less than 2 mm.

[0006] Furthermore, from the outside of the water seepage crack toward the inside of the water seepage crack, the protection groove and the drainage groove are both expanded grooves with gradually increasing widths.

[0007] Furthermore, the diameter of the water diversion hole is 30-40 mm, and the length thereof extending into the secondary lining is 30-50 cm.

[0008] Furthermore, the water diversion hole is arranged to be inclined along the height direction, and the inclination angle is less than or equal to 10°.

[0009] Furthermore, the drainage groove is formed by bending a drainage pipe, and a clamping pipe fixedly connected to the protection groove is provided outside the drainage groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the semicircular drainage groove is arranged along the height direction of the lining, and the drainage pipe on the lower side of the opening of the semicircular drainage groove is communicated with the circular pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, when the longitudinal width of the water seepage crack is greater than 7m, at least two protection grooves are provided. Furthermore, the four waterproof layers include a waterproofing agent layer, a high molecular polymer layer, a leak-proofing material layer and a putty layer from the outside to the inside, and the waterproofing agent layer forms a covering surface, so that the high molecular polymer layer, the leak-proofing material layer and the putty layer are covered.

[0012] Furthermore, the thicknesses of the four waterproof layers are as follows: the thickness of the plugging material layer is greater than the thickness of the high molecular polymer layer, greater than the thickness of the putty layer, and greater than the thickness of the waterproof layer.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In the present invention, firstly, the multi-layer waterproof layer is used to avoid the secondary infiltration of external water, so that the leakage prevention effect is improved. Secondly, various drainage measures are added to discharge the water from the leakage in time, effectively improving the stability and quality of the entire structure.

[0014] In the present invention, a large amount of water accumulation above the tunnel lining can be effectively avoided, thereby causing tunnel safety problems. The entire construction process is simple to operate, and the required instruments and materials are simple and easy to obtain, which effectively reduces the maintenance cost. At the same time, the construction and maintenance time is short, the interference to traffic is small, and the occurrence of tunnel seepage disasters can be effectively reduced. The outer layer of cement-based high molecular polymer material has excellent workability, good workability and dry consistency, high strength, and the compressive strength can reach more than 20 MPa in 5 hours, more than 30 MPa in 24 hours, and more than 50 MPa in 28 days, which is equivalent to ordinary C50 cement concrete, and can ensure the filling quality. It has excellent characteristics such as high early strength, strong wear resistance, and small color difference, stable volume, dense structure, and small shrinkage rate after hardening, which is only about 40% of ordinary concrete. It has a fast setting speed and a short curing age, which can meet the requirements of rapid maintenance. Since this material belongs to a cement-based high molecular polymer material, it has better secondary repair performance than other epoxy repair materials. When the repair process fails due to construction or other reasons, it is only necessary to chisel out the unsuccessful repaired part and re-construct and repair it. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a tunnel lining leakage prevention and drainage device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a tunnel lining leakage prevention and drainage device provided by the present invention; Figure 3 A construction flow chart of a tunnel lining leakage prevention and drainage device provided by the present invention; In the figure: 1. Drainage trough; 2. Water diversion hole; 3. Drainage ditch; 4. Pipe clamp; 5. Circular pipe; 6. Water seepage cracks; 7. Waterproof board; 8. Lining; 9. Putty layer; 10. Leakage plugging material layer; 11. High polymer layer; 12. Waterproofing agent layer; 13. Protective trough. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the various embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, but it should be noted that these embodiments are not limitations of the present invention, and any equivalent transformations or substitutions in functions, methods, or structures made by ordinary technicians in the field based on these embodiments are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] refer to Figure 1-2 As shown, a tunnel lining anti-leakage drainage device in this embodiment mainly includes two parts: drainage and plugging. The structure of each part is introduced as follows: First, focus on the drainage structure.

[0018] In this embodiment, the drainage structure includes a protective groove 13 located at the water seepage crack 6, and a semicircular drainage groove 1 located in the protective groove 13 and opening toward the water seepage crack; when the structure is set, from the outside of the water seepage crack toward the inside of the water seepage crack, the protective groove 13 and the drainage groove 1 are both expanded grooves with gradually increasing widths. By using this expansion method, a guide path is formed to guide the direction of water flow.

[0019] In order to guide the water flow in the seepage crack 6, a water diversion hole 2 is arranged toward the seepage crack 6, and the water diversion hole 2 extends into the second lining and is arranged close to the waterproof board 7; then the water diversion hole 2 is communicated with the drainage groove 1, and the semicircular drainage groove 1 is connected with the drainage ditch 3 through the circular pipe 5 at the opening; at this time, the infiltrated water can flow out smoothly, enter the drainage ditch 3, and then be discharged.

[0020] In this embodiment, the protection groove 13 is specifically an annular inverted trapezoidal groove chiseled by an electric pneumatic pick or other tool. The spacing between the chiseled grooves on the lining on the same side should not be less than 5.0 m to avoid excessive damage to the lining structure, and the damaged structure of the cable trough caused by construction should be repaired.

[0021] For the waterproof hole 2, its aperture is 30-40mm, and it penetrates the second lining by 30-50 cm. The water diversion hole 2 is preferably to penetrate the second lining without damaging the waterproof board 7. Then it is tilted in the drainage ditch 1 with an inclination angle of not less than 10°. Its function is to drain the water in the seepage cracks 6 into the drainage ditch 1, and the water is discharged into the circular pipe 5 along the drainage ditch 1, and then discharged into the drainage ditches 3 on both sides of the tunnel, and finally discharged from the tunnel by the drainage ditches 3.

[0022] In this embodiment, the drainage trough 1 is specifically formed by bending the drainage pipe. At this time, the upper surface of the drainage pipe is broken, and it can be directly connected to the circular tube 5 through a water pipe, or the drainage trough is directly formed into a trough body by bending a plate, etc. At this time, the circular tube 5 is directly welded to the lower part of the trough body to allow water to be discharged.

[0023] It also includes a clamp pipe 4, which is a 2 mm thick arc-shaped aluminum alloy pipe clamp, which is fixed to the drainage trough 1 and the protection trough so that the two are fixedly connected.

[0024] When the longitudinal length of concentrated point seepage and surface seepage is greater than 7 m, multiple drainage trenches can be used, and the spacing between the trenches on the same side of the lining should not be less than 5.0 m; local crack seepage and point seepage close to circumferential cracks should be directed into the construction joint trench nearby, but the longitudinal spacing between the two should not be greater than 2 m. When the spacing is large, they should be set up independently in a ring.

[0025] Secondly, regarding the leak plugging part, an introduction is given below.

[0026] The plugging part in this embodiment is mainly composed of a waterproof board 7, a lining 8, a putty layer 9 composed of a water-expandable putty strip, a plugging material layer 10 composed of an instant plugging material, a polymer layer 11 composed of a cement-based polymer material, and a waterproofing agent layer 12 composed of a high-efficiency waterproofing agent. The waterproof board 7 is installed during tunnel construction and can block water seepage from part of the lining. In order to ensure the drainage quality of the drainage trough 1 and prevent partial water seepage, firstly, water-expandable putty strips about 2.5 cm wide are arranged at parallel positions on both sides of the semicircular drainage trough. Once water overflows or leaks from the semicircular drainage trough, the water-expandable putty strips swell when exposed to water to form the first waterproof layer. An instant plugging material is used below the water-expandable putty strip to form a second waterproof layer. The instant plugging material can be made of materials such as Kellite plugging treasure. A cement-based polymer material is used to form a third waterproof layer under the instant plugging material. At the same time, it is smoothed, sealed and reinforced as an outer layer of protection with a certain strength. The material can be AC-K5 pothole repair agent, which is mixed in a ratio of AC-K5 pothole repair agent: sand: gravel = 1:1:2. Apply a layer of high-efficiency waterproofing agent on the outermost layer, with a thickness of 2 mm. For circumferential seepage, the width of the coating should not be less than 40 cm and should cover the seepage range; for surface seepage, the coating range should extend 10 cm outside the seepage edge line.

[0027] In order to achieve a better waterproof effect, the thicknesses of the four waterproof layers are as follows: the thickness of the plugging material layer is greater than the thickness of the polymer layer, greater than the thickness of the putty layer, and greater than the thickness of the waterproof layer.

[0028] refer to Figure 3 The construction steps of a tunnel lining seepage drainage treatment and waterproofing and plugging method are mainly divided into: Step 1: Technical workers shall determine the location of lining seepage, mark it and make statistics.

[0029] Step 2: For crack seepage, clean the concrete surface around the crack to be constructed, remove the original surface alkali, dust, film, paint, surface coating and other foreign matter, and remove loose, hollow and honeycomb structures, so that the surface is thoroughly soaked, but the stagnant water and clear water must be removed; Step 3: Then build a scaffolding that is convenient for construction, construct a construction platform, and use portable electric pneumatic picks and other equipment to dig a 14 cm × 10 cm circumferential inverted trapezoidal groove along the circumference of the water seepage crack. The lining seepage groove buried pipe treatment requires refined construction and should be set at the construction joint position as much as possible to reduce damage to the partition wall steel bars. If the steel bars have to be damaged, the ends of the damaged steel bars should be coated with rust inhibitor; Step 4: Lay out Φ90PE semicircular drainage pipes along the trapezoidal groove and fix them with pipe clamps. The two ends of the pipe clamps are fixed in the groove with steel nails. The circumferential spacing of the pipe clamps is 50 cm. The spacing can be appropriately increased in the arch (if any) according to the actual situation. Use angle grinders, grinding wheels, sandpaper, etc. to grind the contact surface between the semicircular drainage pipe and the concrete. The base surface should be basically flat after grinding. Then, after removing the loose layer, floating ash and dust on the surface, use water-expanding putty strips along both sides of the semicircular drainage pipe to seal the groove gap. If there is a road drainage ditch on one side of the groove where the pipe is buried, the lower end of the semicircular drainage pipe is connected to the Φ90 circular pipe. If there is no road drainage ditch on the side where the pipe is buried, the lower end of the semicircular drainage pipe is connected to the Φ110PE longitudinal drainage pipe in the cable trough. Step 5: After the drainage pipe is buried, use instant plugging materials to seal the periphery of the pipe. The semicircular drainage pipe should be completely filled with a filling thickness of not less than 6 cm. Water-swelling putty strips about 2.5 cm wide should be laid parallel to both sides of the semicircular drainage pipe to prevent some leaked water from dripping into the tunnel. Then use cement-based polymer materials (such as AC-K5 pothole repair agent) to seal the annular inverted trapezoidal groove and smooth the surface. Then apply two layers of 2 mm thick high-efficiency waterproofing agent on the surface, and the coating width covers 10 cm on both sides of the groove.

[0030] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions of feasible implementation methods of the present invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent implementation methods or changes that do not deviate from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0032] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A tunnel lining leakage prevention and drainage device, characterized in that: include, A protective groove located at the water seepage crack, and a semicircular drainage groove located in the protective groove and opening toward the water seepage crack; A water diversion hole is arranged toward the water seepage crack, the water diversion hole extends into the second lining and is arranged close to the waterproof board; The water diversion hole is connected to the drainage groove, and the semicircular drainage groove is connected to the drainage ditch through a circular pipe at the opening; At least four waterproof layers are arranged along the outer circumference of the protective groove from the outside to the inside, and the thickness of the outermost waterproof layer is not less than 2 mm.

2. A tunnel lining leakage prevention and drainage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: From the outside of the water seepage crack toward the inside of the water seepage crack, the protection groove and the drainage groove are both enlarged grooves with gradually increasing widths.

3. The tunnel lining leakage prevention and drainage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the water diversion hole is 30-40 mm, and the length thereof extending into the secondary lining is 30-50 cm.

4. A tunnel lining leakage prevention and drainage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water diversion hole is arranged to be inclined along the height direction, and the inclination angle is less than or equal to 10°.

5. The tunnel lining leakage prevention and drainage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage groove is formed in the shape of a bent drainage pipe, and a clamping pipe fixedly connected to the protection groove is arranged outside the drainage groove.

6. The tunnel lining leakage prevention and drainage device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The semicircular drainage groove is arranged along the height direction of the lining, and the drainage pipe on the lower side of the opening of the semicircular drainage groove is communicated with the circular pipe.

7. The tunnel lining leakage prevention and drainage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the longitudinal width of the water seepage crack is greater than 7m, at least two protection grooves are provided.

8. The tunnel lining leakage prevention and drainage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four waterproof layers include a waterproofing agent layer, a high molecular polymer layer, a leak-proofing material layer and a putty layer from the outside to the inside. The waterproofing agent layer forms a covering surface, so that the high molecular polymer layer, the leak-proofing material layer and the putty layer are covered.

9. The tunnel lining leakage prevention and drainage device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The thickness of the four waterproof layers is as follows: the thickness of the plugging material layer is greater than the thickness of the high molecular polymer layer, greater than the thickness of the putty layer, and greater than the thickness of the waterproof layer.

10. A method for drainage and waterproofing of tunnel lining seepage, characterized in that: include: Step 1: The technical workers shall determine the lining seepage location, mark it and make statistics; Step 2: For crack seepage, clean the concrete surface around the crack to be constructed, remove the original surface alkali, dust, film, paint, surface coating and other foreign matter, and remove loose, hollow and honeycomb structures, so that the surface is thoroughly soaked, but the stagnant water and clear water must be removed; Step 3: Then build a scaffolding that is convenient for construction, construct a construction platform, and use portable electric pneumatic picks and other equipment to dig a 14 cm × 10 cm circumferential inverted trapezoidal groove along the circumference of the water seepage crack. The lining seepage groove buried pipe treatment requires refined construction and should be set at the construction joint position as much as possible to reduce damage to the partition wall steel bars. If the steel bars have to be damaged, the ends of the damaged steel bars should be coated with rust inhibitor; Step 4: Lay out Φ90PE semicircular drainage pipes along the trapezoidal groove and fix them with pipe clamps. The two ends of the pipe clamps are fixed in the groove with steel nails. The circumferential spacing of the pipe clamps is 50 cm. The spacing can be appropriately increased in the arch (if any) according to the actual situation. Use angle grinders, grinding wheels, sandpaper, etc. to grind the contact surface between the semicircular drainage pipe and the concrete. The base surface should be basically flat after grinding. Then, after removing the loose layer, floating ash and dust on the surface, use water-expanding putty strips along both sides of the semicircular drainage pipe to seal the groove gap. If there is a road drainage ditch on one side of the groove where the pipe is buried, the lower end of the semicircular drainage pipe is connected to the Φ90 circular pipe. If there is no road drainage ditch on the side where the pipe is buried, the lower end of the semicircular drainage pipe is connected to the Φ110PE longitudinal drainage pipe in the cable trough. Step 5: After the drainage pipe is buried, use instant plugging materials to seal the periphery of the pipe. The semicircular drainage pipe should be completely filled with a filling thickness of not less than 6 cm. Water-swelling putty strips about 2.5 cm wide should be laid parallel to both sides of the semicircular drainage pipe to prevent some leaked water from dripping into the tunnel. Then use cement-based polymer materials (such as AC-K5 pothole repair agent) to seal the annular inverted trapezoidal groove and smooth the surface. Then apply two layers of 2 mm thick high-efficiency waterproofing agent on the surface, and the coating width covers 10 cm on both sides of the groove.

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