Rock-fill dam panel void deformation monitoring structure and monitoring method
By arranging a monitoring structure of multiple protective tubes and string displacement sensors on the rock-stacking dam panel, the problems of limited monitoring coverage and low accuracy in the prior art are solved, and comprehensive monitoring and high deformation of the panel are achieved Accuracy calculation improves the reliability and efficiency of monitoring.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411684348.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-22
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-18
AI Technical Summary
When monitoring the de-empty deformation of the rock-stack dam panel, the coverage range is limited and cannot fully reflect the de-empty deformation distribution along the panel. The de-empty meter has low accuracy and poor stability, which is easy to damage.
Using a monitoring structure including panel de-emphasis deformation detection components A and B, multiple coaxially arranged protective tubes and string displacement sensors are arranged in the cushion layer and the panel to form multiple measurement lines to fully monitor the de-emphasis of the panel. Deform and calculate the overall empty space area of the panel through fitting analysis.
Comprehensive monitoring of the disembarking deformation distribution along the panel is realized, which improves the accuracy and reliability of monitoring, reduces the dependence on geophysical detection methods, saves costs, and improves work efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN119469051A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to a rockfill dam face plate hollowing deformation monitoring structure and a monitoring method, belonging to the technical field of dam safety monitoring of water conservancy and hydropower engineering. Background Art
[0002] Concrete face rockfill dam is one of the main dam types widely used. For concrete face rockfill dam, the face plate is an important anti-seepage structure. Under the influence of unfavorable factors such as excessive deformation of the dam body, uncoordinated deformation of the face plate and the dam body, and rise and fall of the reservoir water level, it may be hollowed out and deformed, which may cause cracks or even fractures in the face plate, resulting in serious leakage in the dam, greatly affecting the construction and operation safety of the project. Therefore, it is usually adopted in engineering to install hollowing meters at key locations of typical face plates to monitor their hollowing deformation.
[0003] However, the method of using a hollow meter to monitor panel hollow deformation still has the following shortcomings: the hollow meter is only arranged at the key position of a typical panel. Although it can monitor the panel hollowing at the instrument arrangement point, it cannot reflect the distribution of hollow deformation along the panel. The coverage is limited, resulting in the situation that in actual engineering application, the instrument is often not arranged at the position where the panel is hollow, and the position where the instrument is arranged is not hollow. At the same time, the hollow meter can only reflect the hollow deformation at the instrument arrangement point, but cannot calculate the hollow area along the panel. When dealing with panel hollowing in engineering, it is often necessary to use geophysical detection methods separately. In fact, the hollow meter does not play a real role. In addition, the hollow meter is composed of two large-scale displacement meters. The accuracy of its observation results is affected by the two displacement meters. If one displacement meter is damaged, the entire set of hollow meters will be scrapped. There are problems such as poor long-term stability, low accuracy and high damage rate of the instrument. Summary of the invention
[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a rockfill dam face plate hollowing deformation monitoring structure and monitoring method.
[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
[0006] A rockfill dam panel hollowing deformation monitoring structure comprises a rockfill dam, a panel hollowing deformation detection component A and a panel hollowing deformation detection component B. A cushion layer is provided on the upstream side of a main rockfill area of the rockfill dam, a panel is provided on the upstream side of the cushion layer, the panel hollowing deformation detection component A is provided on the cushion layer and located in the panel, and the panel hollowing deformation detection component B is provided in the panel.
[0007] The lower ends of the panel hollowing deformation detection assembly B and the panel hollowing deformation detection assembly A are arranged in the toe plate of the dam, and the upper ends extend along the crest of the rockfill dam.
[0008] The projection of the panel hollowing deformation detection component B on the cushion layer coincides with the projection of the panel hollowing deformation detection component A on the cushion layer.
[0009] The panel hollowing deformation detection assembly A comprises a plurality of coaxially arranged protection tubes A, two adjacent protection tubes A are connected by a telescopic joint, and each protection tube A is provided with a string-type displacement sensor.
[0010] The connection between the protection pipe A and the expansion joint is wrapped with geotextile.
[0011] The panel hollowing deformation detection component B includes a protection tube B and a plurality of string-type displacement sensors arranged in the protection tube B at intervals.
[0012] The string type displacement sensor is an array type displacement sensor or a single point MEMS inclinometer.
[0013] A monitoring method for a rockfill dam face plate hollowing deformation monitoring structure comprises the following steps:
[0014] Step 1: Before the panel reinforcement binding construction, install and fix the panel hollow deformation detection component A on the cushion layer to form the first measurement line of the panel hollow deformation, and obtain the initial value of any measurement point on the first measurement line.
[0015] Step 2: After the panel reinforcement is tied, install the panel hollow deformation detection component B on the panel reinforcement to form a second measurement line for panel hollow deformation. Then, after the panel concrete is poured, obtain the initial value of any measurement point on the second measurement line.
[0016] Step 3: Observe the data of all measuring points on the first measuring line and calculate the dam deformation at any time:
[0017]
[0018] Observe the data of all measuring points on the second measuring line and calculate the panel deformation at any time as:
[0019]
[0020] Align all the measuring points on the first measuring line with all the measuring points on the second measuring line, and calculate the panel's air displacement deformation T at any measuring point as:
[0021]
[0022] The calculation results of dam deformation and panel deformation at any time are fitted and analyzed to obtain the dam deformation curve f 坝体 (x), panel deformation curve f 面板(x), and based on this, calculate the overall void area S of the panel at any time within the dam height h range. 脱空 for:
[0023]
[0024] The method of installing and fixing the panel hollowing deformation detection assembly A to the cushion layer in step 1 comprises the following steps:
[0025] Step A, carving a plurality of grooves on the upstream surface of the cushion layer, then cleaning and leveling the inside of the grooves, and manually compacting the bottom of the grooves;
[0026] Step B, place multiple protective tubes A of the panel hollowing deformation detection assembly A into the grooves on the cushion layer one by one, and fix the lower end of the panel hollowing deformation detection assembly A into the concrete of the dam toe plate, and then use a secondary instrument to check whether the first measuring line is intact;
[0027] Step C: After confirming that the first measuring line is intact, backfill the trench with the same material as the cushion layer, and compact and level it;
[0028] Step D: Use the secondary instrument to check whether the first measuring line is intact again. If the first measuring line is intact, the installation of the panel hollowing deformation detection assembly A is completed.
[0029] The method for installing the panel hollowing deformation detection component B on the steel bars of the panel in the step 2 is: first place the panel hollowing deformation detection component B on the steel bars of the panel, and use a secondary instrument to check whether the second measuring line is intact. After confirming that the second measuring line is intact, use a cable tie or steel wire to tie and fix the panel hollowing deformation detection component B to the steel bars of the panel, and use a secondary instrument to check again whether the second measuring line is intact. If the second measuring line is intact, the installation of the panel hollowing deformation detection component B is completed.
[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0031] 1. By using the first measuring line formed by the panel hollow deformation detection component A arranged on the cushion layer and the second measuring line formed by the panel hollow deformation detection component B arranged inside the panel, the hollow deformation distribution along the panel can be fully monitored, and the panel hollowing problem can be discovered and handled in time, solving the problem that the traditional hollowing meter monitoring method has limited coverage and cannot detect panel hollowing in actual engineering applications.
[0032] 2. Align all measuring points on the first survey line with all measuring points on the second survey line, and perform fitting analysis on the calculation results of dam deformation and panel deformation at any time. Based on this, the overall void area of the panel at any time is calculated, providing more comprehensive data support for the project, reducing dependence on geophysical detection methods, saving costs, and improving work efficiency.
[0033] 3. The array displacement sensors or single-point MEMS inclinometers in the panel hollowing deformation detection component A and the panel hollowing deformation detection component B can work independently without affecting each other, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of monitoring and reducing the damage rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0034] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;
[0035] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the panel hollow area.
[0036] In the figure: 1-main rockfill area, 2-cushion, 3-face plate, 4-face plate void deformation detection component A, 5-face plate void deformation detection component B, 6-dam toe plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0037] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of protection claimed is not limited to the description.
[0038] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a rockfill dam panel hollowing deformation monitoring structure described in the present invention comprises a rockfill dam, a panel hollowing deformation detection component A4 and a panel hollowing deformation detection component B5. A cushion layer 2 is provided on the upstream side of a main rockfill area 1 of the rockfill dam, a panel 3 is provided on the upstream side of the cushion layer 2, the panel hollowing deformation detection component A4 is provided on the cushion layer 2 and located in the panel 3, and the panel hollowing deformation detection component B5 is provided in the panel 3.
[0039] The lower ends of the panel hollowing deformation detection components B5 and A4 are arranged in the dam toe plate 6, and the upper ends extend along the crest of the rockfill dam.
[0040] The projection of the panel hollow deformation detection component B5 on the cushion layer 2 coincides with the projection of the panel hollow deformation detection component A4 on the cushion layer 2. That is, in the initial state, the projection of the group string type displacement sensor in the panel hollow deformation detection component B5 on the cushion layer 2 coincides with the projection of the group string type displacement sensor in the panel hollow deformation detection component A4 on the cushion layer 2 in a one-to-one correspondence.
[0041] The panel hollowing deformation detection assembly A4 includes a plurality of coaxially arranged protection tubes A, two adjacent protection tubes A are connected by expansion joints, and a string displacement sensor is arranged in each protection tube A. When in use, the protection tube A is a PE tube. The protection tubes A are connected by expansion joints to ensure that the panel hollowing deformation detection assembly A4 can adapt to the deformation of the dam body.
[0042] The connection between the protection tube A and the expansion joint is wrapped with a geotextile, so as to prevent soil and rocks from entering the protection tube A.
[0043] The panel hollow deformation detection assembly B5 includes a protection tube B and a plurality of string displacement sensors spaced apart in the protection tube B. When in use, the protection tube B is a PE tube. The best situation is to use a whole PE tube as the protection tube B. If the PE tube must be extended to form the protection tube B, the joint is sealed and fixedly connected.
[0044] The string displacement sensor is an array displacement sensor or a single-point MEMS inclinometer. When in use, each string displacement sensor is a measuring point, and the array displacement sensors or single-point MEMS inclinometers in the panel hollow deformation detection component A4 and the panel hollow deformation detection component B5 can work independently without affecting each other, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of monitoring and reducing the damage rate.
[0045] A monitoring method for a rockfill dam face plate hollowing deformation monitoring structure comprises the following steps:
[0046] Step 1: Before the panel reinforcement binding construction, the panel hollowing deformation detection component A4 is installed and fixed on the cushion layer 2 to form the first measurement line of the panel hollowing deformation, and the initial value of any measurement point on the first measurement line is obtained.
[0047] Step 2: After the panel reinforcement is tied, install the panel hollow deformation detection component B5 on the reinforcement of panel 3 to form a second measurement line for panel hollow deformation. Then, after the panel concrete is poured, obtain the initial value of any measurement point on the second measurement line.
[0048] Step 3: Observe the data of all measuring points on the first measuring line and calculate the dam deformation at any time:
[0049]
[0050] Observe the data of all measuring points on the second measuring line and calculate the panel deformation at any time as:
[0051]
[0052] Align all the measuring points on the first measuring line with all the measuring points on the second measuring line, and calculate the hollow deformation T of panel 3 at any measuring point as follows:
[0053]
[0054] The calculation results of dam deformation and panel deformation at any time are fitted and analyzed to obtain the dam deformation curve f 坝体(x), panel deformation curve f 面板 (x), and based on this, calculate the overall void area S of the panel at any time within the dam height h range. 脱空 for:
[0055]
[0056] When in use, the number of measuring points on the first measuring line is the same as the number of measuring points on the second measuring line.
[0057] The method of installing and fixing the panel hollowing deformation detection assembly A4 to the cushion layer 2 in step 1 includes the following steps:
[0058] Step A: Carve multiple grooves on the upstream surface of the cushion layer 2, then clean and level the inside of the grooves, and manually compact the bottom of the grooves. The size of the grooves is width × depth = 10 cm × 10 cm, and the length of the grooves is determined according to the length of the protective tube A.
[0059] Step B: Place multiple protective tubes A of the panel hollowing deformation detection assembly A4 into the grooves on the cushion layer 2 one by one, and fix the lower end of the panel hollowing deformation detection assembly A4 in the concrete of the dam toe plate 6, and then use a secondary instrument to check whether the first measuring line is intact.
[0060] Step C: After confirming that the first measuring line is intact, backfill the trench with the same material as the cushion layer 2, and compact and level it.
[0061] Step D: Use the secondary instrument to check again whether the first measuring line is intact. If the first measuring line is intact, the installation of the panel hollowing deformation detection component A4 is completed.
[0062] The method for installing the panel hollowing deformation detection component B5 on the steel bars of the panel 3 in the step 2 is: first place the panel hollowing deformation detection component B5 on the steel bars of the panel 3, and use a secondary instrument to check whether the second measuring line is intact. After confirming that the second measuring line is intact, use a cable tie or steel wire to tie and fix the panel hollowing deformation detection component B5 on the steel bars of the panel 3, and use a secondary instrument to check again whether the second measuring line is intact. If the second measuring line is intact, the installation of the panel hollowing deformation detection component B5 is completed.
Claims
1. A rockfill dam face plate hollowing deformation monitoring structure, characterized by: The invention comprises a rockfill dam, a panel hollowing deformation detection component A (4) and a panel hollowing deformation detection component B (5), wherein a cushion layer (2) is provided on the upstream side of a main rockfill area (1) of the rockfill dam, a panel (3) is provided on the upstream side of the cushion layer (2), the panel hollowing deformation detection component A (4) is provided on the cushion layer (2) and is located in the panel (3), and the panel hollowing deformation detection component B (5) is provided in the panel (3).
2. The rockfill dam face plate hollowing deformation monitoring structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower ends of the panel hollowing deformation detection assembly B (5) and the panel hollowing deformation detection assembly A (4) are arranged in the dam toe plate (6), and the upper ends extend along the dam top of the rockfill dam.
3. The rockfill dam face plate hollowing deformation monitoring structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The projection of the panel hollowing deformation detection component B (5) on the cushion layer (2) coincides with the projection of the panel hollowing deformation detection component A (4) on the cushion layer (2).
4. The rockfill dam face plate hollowing deformation monitoring structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The panel hollowing deformation detection assembly A (4) comprises a plurality of coaxially arranged protection tubes A, two adjacent protection tubes A are connected by a telescopic joint, and each protection tube A is provided with a string type displacement sensor.
5. The rockfill dam face plate hollowing deformation monitoring structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connection between the protection pipe A and the expansion joint is wrapped with geotextile.
6. The rockfill dam face plate hollowing deformation monitoring structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The panel hollowing deformation detection assembly B (5) comprises a protection tube B and a plurality of string-type displacement sensors arranged in the protection tube B at intervals.
7. The rockfill dam face plate hollowing deformation monitoring structure according to claim 4 or 6, characterized in that: The string type displacement sensor is an array type displacement sensor or a single point MEMS inclinometer.
8. A monitoring method for a rockfill dam face plate hollowing deformation monitoring structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Before the panel reinforcement is tied, the panel hollow deformation detection component A (4) is installed and fixed on the cushion layer (2) to form a first measurement line of panel hollow deformation, and the initial value of any measurement point on the first measurement line is obtained. Step 2: After the panel reinforcement is tied, the panel hollow deformation detection component B (5) is installed on the reinforcement of the panel (3) to form a second measurement line for panel hollow deformation. After the panel concrete is poured, the initial value of any measurement point on the second measurement line is obtained. Step 3: Observe the data of all measuring points on the first measuring line and calculate the dam deformation at any time: Observe the data of all measuring points on the second measuring line and calculate the panel deformation at any time as: Align all the measuring points on the first measuring line with all the measuring points on the second measuring line, and calculate the hollow deformation T of the panel (3) at any measuring point as: The calculation results of dam deformation and panel deformation at any time are fitted and analyzed to obtain the dam deformation curve f 坝体 (x), panel deformation curve f 面板 (x), and based on this, calculate the overall void area S of the panel at any time within the dam height h range. 脱空 for:
9. The monitoring method of the rockfill dam face plate hollowing deformation monitoring structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method of installing and fixing the panel hollow deformation detection assembly A (4) onto the cushion layer (2) in step 1 comprises the following steps: Step A, carving a plurality of grooves on the upstream surface of the cushion layer (2), then cleaning and leveling the inside of the grooves, and manually compacting the bottom of the grooves; Step B, placing the plurality of protective tubes A of the panel hollowing deformation detection assembly A (4) into the grooves on the cushion layer (2) one by one, and fixing the lower end of the panel hollowing deformation detection assembly A (4) into the concrete of the dam toe plate (6), and then using a secondary instrument to check whether the first measuring line is intact; Step C: after confirming that the first measuring line is intact, backfill the trench with the same material as the cushion layer (2), and compact and level it; Step D: Use the secondary instrument to check whether the first measuring line is intact again. If the first measuring line is intact, the installation of the panel hollow deformation detection assembly A (4) is completed.
10. The monitoring method of the rockfill dam face plate hollowing deformation monitoring structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method for installing the panel hollow deformation detection component B (5) on the steel bar of the panel (3) in the step 2 is as follows: firstly, the panel hollow deformation detection component B (5) is placed on the steel bar of the panel (3), and a secondary instrument is used to check whether the second measuring line is intact. After confirming that the second measuring line is intact, the panel hollow deformation detection component B (5) is tied and fixed to the steel bar of the panel (3) using a tie or a steel wire, and the secondary instrument is used to check again whether the second measuring line is intact. If the second measuring line is intact, the installation of the panel hollow deformation detection component B (5) is completed.