Anchoring rod drill bit flexible welding performance detection system and implementation method

Abstract

The application discloses an anchor rod drill bit flexible welding performance detection system and implementation method, including support seat, positioning plate, support column, inflation port, stepping motor, fixed sleeve, rotating disc, rotating shaft, servo motor, sliding table, cylinder, pressure head, testing machine base, vertical sliding seat, horizontal sliding seat, control module, detection module, algorithm module and communication module; through omnibearing linkage control, the detection module respectively detects the achievement situation of the rotating disc preset angle, the support column supporting force, the fixed sleeve tightening force on the workpiece and the maximum pressure value applied by the pressure head, adjusts the control parameters to the preset optimal state based on real-time feedback data; the precise driving control of the motor and the cylinder realizes the automatic detection of the anchor rod drill bit welding performance. The application can obtain key performance indicators such as the effective welding area of the anchor rod drill bit, the maximum shear force at the joint, the maximum fatigue shear force, the shear strength and the fatigue shear strength, and realizes the multi-dimensional evaluation of the anchor rod drill bit welding performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the fields of drilling equipment technology and industrial control, and relates to a flexible welding performance testing system and implementation method for anchor drill bits; it also relates to a PLC control and testing system and algorithm. Background Technology

[0002] Anchor bolt support in coal mine roadways is one of the most widely used technologies in roadway support. The amount of roadway excavation and support drilling is large, and the consumption of anchor bolt bits is also large. Anchor bolt bits are suitable for coal-bearing strata, and are generally mostly soft to medium-hard (f coefficient ≤ 8) strata. As the mining depth increases, the engineering geological conditions become more and more complex. When the coal seam roof is hard rock, the coal seam contains a large amount of gangue, or encounters soft and hard interlayers, the PDC cutting teeth on the anchor bolt bit will experience failure phenomena such as chipping and chipping. In the manufacturing process of anchor bolt bits, the brazing of PDC cutting teeth is a key process. Therefore, how to accurately calculate the welding strength of anchor bolt bits is particularly important for improving its welding performance. The main difficulties in testing the welding strength of anchor bolt bits are as follows: (1) Complexity of size and shape: Anchor bolt bits have small and compact size and irregular shape, which greatly increases the complexity of test preparation; (2) Accuracy of clamping and positioning: Ensuring the stability of anchor bolt bits during the test is the key to obtaining accurate data. Since the test requires the application of a force perpendicular to the weld seam, and the drill bit must not rotate or move at all during the entire test cycle, this places high demands on the design of the clamping system. High-precision measurement and positioning technologies, such as micro-machining and positioning fixtures, must be able to firmly lock the drill bit position and avoid introducing additional stress that may affect the test results. This clamping structure is a problem that must be overcome during the test. (3) Precise positioning of the indenter material and contact position: Given that the contact area at the weld seam connection is extremely limited, it is crucial to select a suitable indenter shape and material. An ideal indenter must be able to accurately align and closely fit the PDC cutting teeth and the weld seam joint, and must strictly avoid direct contact with the diamond layer on the composite sheet to prevent the diamond layer from cracking or being damaged, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the test results. In addition, the indenter must also have a certain load-bearing capacity and maintain a stable geometric shape under high-intensity loads to ensure the continuity of the test process and the accuracy of the data. (4) Sample loading and unloading and test accuracy control: To ensure the standardization and accuracy of the test process, a complete sample loading and unloading process must be established. At the same time, it is necessary to combine algorithm modules and data analysis techniques to process and evaluate the test data to accurately reflect the shearing performance of the anchor drill bit. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a flexible welding performance testing system and method for anchor drill bits, thereby solving the aforementioned difficulties in the welding performance testing of existing anchor drill bits.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A flexible welding performance testing system for anchor drill bits includes a support base, a positioning plate, a support column, an air inlet, a stepper motor, a fixing sleeve, a rotary disk, a rotary shaft, a servo motor, a sliding table, a cylinder, a pressure head, a testing machine base, a vertical sliding seat, a horizontal sliding seat, a control module, a testing module, an algorithm module, and a communication module.

[0006] A positioning plate is vertically mounted on the support base, and the positioning plate has a detection hole and a rotating shaft mounting slot. A vertical support column is located on the support base in front of the positioning plate, positioned close to the detection hole. A pressure head is located above the support column, and an air inlet is connected to the bottom of the support column via an internal passage in the support base. At the end of the support base behind the positioning plate, a motor mounting plate is located parallel to the positioning plate. A stepper motor is mounted on the motor mounting plate, and a rotating shaft is installed between the stepper motor and the rotating shaft mounting slot. A rotating disk is fitted onto the rotating shaft and can rotate with it. Multiple fixing sleeves are circumferentially arranged on the rotating disk, and these fixing sleeves can rotate with the rotating shaft to be coaxially aligned with the detection hole. A servo motor is located behind the rotating disk and can connect with the fixing sleeves to drive them to rotate. The servo motor is mounted on a slide rail of the support base via a sliding table below it, and the sliding table is connected to a cylinder to drive the servo motor to move back and forth along the slide rail under the cylinder's drive. The bottom of the support base consists of a testing machine base, a vertical sliding seat, and a horizontal sliding seat in sequence.

[0007] The control module can control the stepper motor, servo motor, cylinder, air inlet inflation / deflation, vertical sliding seat, and horizontal sliding seat; the detection module includes a force sensor, an axis detection sensor, a displacement sensor, and a laser rangefinder; the algorithm module can be used to calculate the effective welding area, maximum shear force, fatigue shear force, shear strength, and fatigue shear strength of the anchor drill bit; the communication module can be used to realize information exchange between devices.

[0008] The present invention also includes the following technical features:

[0009] Specifically, the anchor drill bit consists of a cutting head, a bell-shaped section, a cylindrical positioning section, and a tail threaded section from top to bottom; there is an axial positioning groove on the tail threaded section, the rear of the cutting head is a support part, and the edge of the cutting head is the pressure head contact part; the cutting head is either a whole piece or a half piece.

[0010] Specifically, the support base has threaded holes at its four corners to fix the base of the testing machine; the middle and rear part of the support base has a slide rail perpendicular to the positioning plate, and the end of the support base has two grooves located on both sides of the slide rail to install the motor mounting plate; the front part of the support base has two countersunk screw holes to fix the positioning plate; the support base also has support column mounting holes and is connected to the air inlet on the side wall of the support base through the internal passage of the support base to lift or lower the support column by inflating or deflating air.

[0011] Specifically, the positioning plate has two positioning bosses in the detection hole to mate with the positioning groove; the detection hole has a flared opening, a cylindrical surface, and a positioning plane arranged axially from front to back to mate with the flared opening section and the cylindrical positioning section of the anchor drill bit; the bottom of the positioning plate has two threaded holes to be fixed with the support base; the rotating shaft mounting groove on the positioning plate is a bearing and retaining ring mounting hole for mounting the rotating shaft; the front edge of the top of the positioning plate is chamfered to prevent collision with the pressure head during the test; the positioning plate and the support base are reinforced by symmetrical reinforcing ribs to prevent deformation under stress, and the reinforcing ribs are equipped with shaft center detection sensors and displacement sensors.

[0012] Specifically, the top of the support column has a flat surface to contact the anchor drill bit support part, ensuring that the anchor drill bit does not move during the test; the lower part of the support column has a boss so that the support column floats on the support seat after the anchor drill bit is removed after the test; for anchor drill bits of different diameters, the air inlet will raise the support column to different heights, thereby adapting to the testing of anchor drill bits of various diameters.

[0013] Specifically, the fixing sleeve can be tightened with the threaded section at the tail of the anchor drill bit to fix the anchor drill bit; multiple fixing sleeves have different thread specifications to fix anchor drill bits with different threads; the fixing sleeve is coaxially installed into the sleeve on the rotating disk, and the elastic retaining ring on the fixing sleeve cooperates with the elastic retaining ring inside the sleeve to prevent the fixing sleeve from moving axially inside the sleeve during rotation; the tail end of the fixing sleeve is an internal hexagonal hole, and the inner wall of the internal hexagonal hole is provided with two threaded holes, and the threaded holes are fitted with elastic screws. The servo motor connecting shaft enters the internal hexagonal hole and is locked with the elastic screw through the groove on the connecting shaft, thereby the servo motor drives the fixing sleeve to rotate.

[0014] Specifically, the rotating disk includes a disk body and multiple sleeves thereon. The disk body is parallel to the positioning plate, and the multiple sleeves correspond one-to-one with multiple fixed sleeves. The bottom of each sleeve on the rotating disk is a hexagonal hole, and the hexagonal hole is aligned with the inner hexagonal hole at the tail end of the fixed sleeve to facilitate the insertion of the connecting shaft of the servo motor. The rotating shaft passes through the center of the rotating disk and the two are fastened together. The rotating disk integrates a high-precision angle sensor and a coaxiality detection sensor.

[0015] Specifically, the pressure head is installed on the testing machine through a hole on it; the pressure head contacts the pressure head contact part of the anchor drill bit, and the pressure head integrates a force sensor that can monitor and record the pressure change at the drill joint in real time; the pressure head is also equipped with a laser rangefinder sensor for detecting the contact position.

[0016] Specifically, the vertical sliding seat is driven by motor I to move vertically, and the horizontal sliding seat is driven by motor II to move horizontally, thereby adjusting the position of the pressure head acting on the anchor drill bit.

[0017] The method for implementing the testing of the flexible welding performance of the anchor drill bit by the aforementioned system includes the following steps:

[0018] Step S1: Insert the anchor drill bit into the detection hole on the positioning plate;

[0019] Step S2: The control module sets the moving speed and sample diameter, and calculates the effective welding area; the detection module detects the status of each device, initializes the angle, pressure, and displacement sensors, and then the control module starts the cylinder to lift the support column and make it contact the support part of the anchor drill bit. When the pressure reaches 0.5MPa, the pressure is maintained. At this time, the anchor drill bit does not move axially or circumferentially.

[0020] Step S3: Once it is detected that the support column has been pushed to the predetermined position, the stepper motor is started. The control module calculates the rotation angle of the rotating disk based on the rotating disk status and the thread size of the anchor drill bit, and starts the rotating disk to perform rotation. The detection module detects whether the sample and the fixing sleeve are coaxial.

[0021] Step S4: After detecting that the sample and the fixed sleeve are coaxial, the control module stops the rotating disk. At this time, the cylinder is started, which drives the sliding table to move. At the same time, the servo motor rotates and it is detected whether the servo motor connecting shaft enters the inner hole of the fixed sleeve.

[0022] Step S5: It is detected that the servo motor connecting shaft has entered the inner hole of the fixing sleeve and is locked; the control module then controls the fixing sleeve to tighten the thread at the tail of the anchor drill bit by applying torque;

[0023] Step S6: The force sensor detects whether the maximum force is greater than 30N. When it reaches 30N, the servo motor and cylinder stop rotating and moving.

[0024] Step S7: The laser rangefinder on the pressure head detects whether the pre-pressure position is in the predetermined position, and drives the test machine base and slide to move vertically and horizontally by the motor to ensure the accuracy of the pressure head contact position;

[0025] Step S8: The control module controls the moving pressure head to start the shearing test. The pressure sensor detects whether the force value is unloaded instantly to determine whether the welded surfaces are completely separated.

[0026] Step S9: After detecting complete separation of the welded surfaces, obtain the maximum shear force and fatigue shear force that the weld seam can withstand, and based on the effective weld area, determine the shear strength and fatigue shear strength of the anchor drill bit, and read the maximum shear force, fatigue shear force, shear strength and fatigue shear strength.

[0027] Step S10: The control module controls the servo motor to reverse and the cylinder to float and unload the thread, and the detection module's displacement sensor detects whether the distance between the fixed sleeve and the thread end face of the anchor drill bit is greater than 5mm;

[0028] Step S11: When the distance between the fixed sleeve and the thread is detected to be greater than 5mm, that is, the thread has been completely loosened, the control module controls the servo motor to stop, and the cylinder drives the fixed sleeve back into the corresponding sleeve of the rotating disk.

[0029] Step S12: After detecting that the fixed sleeve has returned to the corresponding sleeve of the rotating disk, the control module controls the cylinder to continue moving backward, the servo motor connecting shaft is released from the fixed sleeve, and the cylinder returns to the initial position;

[0030] Step S13: The displacement sensor detects that the cylinder has returned to the initial position, the control module controls the air inlet to stop inflating, lowers the support column, and detects whether the support column has returned to the initial state.

[0031] Step S14: After confirming that the support condition has returned to the initial state, the test ends. Remove the anchor drill bit sample and record the maximum shear force, fatigue shear force, shear strength, and fatigue shear strength.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0033] This invention enables comprehensive, coordinated control. The system integrates angle sensors, force sensors, displacement sensors, laser rangefinders, and a coaxiality detector to detect the achievement of the preset angle of the rotating disk, the stable support force provided by the support column, the tightening force of the fixing device on the workpiece, and the maximum pressure applied by the pressure head. Based on this real-time feedback data, the control system intelligently adjusts the control parameters to the preset optimal state. Simultaneously, by utilizing the start / stop control of stepper motors and servo motors, and through the precise drive of a cylinder to move the sliding table smoothly and rapidly forward, the welding performance of the anchor drill bit is automatically detected.

[0034] This invention innovatively introduces static uniform shear force and dynamic adaptive shear force simulation algorithms, and through a linkage control strategy, achieves multi-dimensional evaluation of the welding performance of anchor drill bits. The system can automatically calculate and output key performance indicators such as the effective welding area of ​​the anchor drill bit, the maximum shear force at the weld seam, the maximum fatigue shear force, shear strength, and fatigue shear strength, providing a scientific basis for product quality control and optimization. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the flexible welding performance testing system for anchor drill bits of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of anchor drill bit and related parameters: (a) full piece type; (b) half piece type.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the support base of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning plate of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing sleeve of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating disk of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure head laser ranging principle.

[0042] Figure 8 The control architecture diagram of each module of the detection system;

[0043] Figure 9 Diagram of the control algorithm module;

[0044] Figure 10 This is a flowchart of the testing method for the flexible welding performance testing system of anchor drill bits.

[0045] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows:

[0046] 1. Support base, 2. Positioning plate, 3. Support column, 4. Inflation port, 5. Fixing sleeve, 6. Rotary disk, 7. Rotary shaft, 8. Stepper motor, 9. Sliding table, 10. Servo motor, 11. Cylinder, 12. Reinforcing rib, 13. Indenter, 14. Testing machine base, 15. Vertical sliding seat, 16. Horizontal sliding seat; 101. Slide rail, 102. Countersunk screw hole, 103. Support column mounting hole; 201. Inspection hole, 202. Positioning boss, 20 3. Trumpet mouth, 204. Cylindrical surface, 205. Positioning plane, 206. Rotary shaft mounting groove; 301. Plane, 302. Boss; 501. Internal hexagonal hole, 502. Flexible screw; 601. Disc body, 602. Sleeve, 603. Hexagonal hole; 100. Anchor drill bit, I. Cutting head, II. Trumpet mouth section, III. Cylindrical positioning section, IV. Tail threaded section, V. Positioning groove, VI. Support part, VII. Pressure head contact part. Detailed Implementation

[0047] This invention provides a flexible welding performance testing system and method for anchor drill bits. Based on PLC detection and control, the system integrates detection, control, communication, and algorithm modules to comprehensively evaluate the welding quality of anchor drill bits. The core components of the system include a custom-designed support base, positioning plate, support column, fixing sleeve, rotating disk, sliding table, pressure head, slide block, and computer. These components work together to accurately simulate a shearing environment. The pressure head must apply a normal pressure perpendicular to the weld joint without deformation, providing both static and dynamic adaptive shear forces. It also integrates a laser rangefinder sensor, which, by measuring the intensity and distance of reflected light and coordinating with the horizontal and vertical movement of the slide block, ensures that the pressure head accurately acts on the weld joint without damaging the diamond layer. The above-described test process is achieved through comprehensive linkage control using a programmable logic controller (PLC). The system integrates angle sensors, force sensors, displacement sensors, and a coaxiality detector to detect the achievement of the preset angle of the rotating disk, the stable support force provided by the support column, the tightening force of the fixing device on the workpiece, and the maximum pressure value applied by the pressure head. Based on this real-time feedback data, the control system intelligently adjusts the control parameters to the preset optimal state. Simultaneously, by utilizing the start / stop control of stepper motors and servo motors, and through the precise drive of cylinders, the sliding table moves smoothly and rapidly forward, enabling automatic detection of the anchor drill bit's welding performance.

[0048] This invention innovatively introduces static uniform shear force and dynamic adaptive shear force simulation algorithms, and through a linkage control strategy, achieves multi-dimensional evaluation of the welding performance of anchor drill bits. The system can automatically calculate and output key performance indicators such as the effective welding area of ​​the anchor drill bit, the maximum shear force at the weld seam, the maximum fatigue shear force, shear strength, and fatigue shear strength, providing a scientific basis for product quality control and optimization.

[0049] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments. All equivalent modifications made based on the technical solutions of this application fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0050] Example 1:

[0051] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, this embodiment provides a flexible welding performance testing system for anchor drill bits, including a support base 1, a positioning plate 2, a support column 3, an air inlet 4, a stepper motor 8, a fixing sleeve 5, a rotary disk 6, a rotating shaft 7, a servo motor 10, a sliding table 9, a cylinder 11, a pressure head 13, a testing machine base 14, a vertical sliding seat 15, a horizontal sliding seat 16, a control module, a testing module, an algorithm module, and a communication module.

[0052] A positioning plate 2 is vertically mounted on the support base 1. The positioning plate 2 has a detection hole 201 and a rotating shaft mounting groove 206. A vertical support column 3 is provided on the support base 1 in front of the positioning plate 2, and the support column 3 is arranged close to the detection hole 201. A pressure head 13 is provided above the support column 3, and the lower part of the support column 3 is connected to the air inlet 4 through the internal passage of the support base 1. At the end of the support base 1 behind the positioning plate 2, there is a motor mounting plate parallel to the positioning plate 2. A stepper motor 8 is mounted on the motor mounting plate, and a rotating shaft 7 is installed between the stepper motor 8 and the rotating shaft mounting groove 206. A rotating disk 6 is fitted on the support base 1. The rotating shaft 7 is on the rotating disk 6 and can rotate with the rotating shaft 7; the rotating disk 6 is provided with multiple fixed sleeves 5 in the circumferential direction and the fixed sleeves 5 can rotate with the rotating shaft 7 to be coaxial with the detection hole 201; the servo motor 10 is located behind the rotating disk 6 and can be connected to the fixed sleeves 5 to drive the fixed sleeves 5 to rotate; the servo motor 10 is mounted on the slide rail 101 of the support base 1 through the sliding table 9 below, and the sliding table 9 is connected to the cylinder 11 so that the servo motor 10 can be driven by the cylinder 11 to move the servo motor 10 back and forth along the slide rail 101; the bottom of the support base 1 consists of the testing machine base 14, the vertical sliding seat 15 and the horizontal sliding seat 16 in sequence.

[0053] The control module controls the stepper motor 8, servo motor 10, cylinder 11, air inlet 4 (for inflation and deflation), vertical sliding seat 15, and horizontal sliding seat 16. The detection module includes a force sensor, axis detection sensor, coaxiality detection sensor, displacement sensor, and laser rangefinder. The algorithm module calculates the effective welding area, maximum shear force, fatigue shear force, shear strength, and fatigue shear strength of the anchor drill bit 100. The communication module enables information exchange between devices. More specifically, the communication module is a fundamental system module, primarily providing network communication data transmission and reception functions, and communication protocol data compression and decompression functions. The detection module, based on the communication module, uses a timed (100ms) sampling strategy to acquire the status of each hardware device in real time. The algorithm module provides a PLC control program, which implements hardware operation control programming based on the IEC61131-3 standard. The control module, based on the detection, algorithm, and communication modules, controls equipment operation and handles anomalies in real time.

[0054] The anchor drill bit 100 consists of a cutting head I, a bell-mouth section II, a cylindrical positioning section III, and a tail threaded section IV from top to bottom. The tail threaded section IV has an axial positioning groove V. The rear part of the cutting head I is the support part VI, and the edge of the cutting head I is the pressure head contact part VII, which is the anchor drill bit seam. The cutting head I can be a whole piece or a half piece.

[0055] The support base 1 has threaded holes at its four corners to fix the testing machine base 14; the rear part of the support base 1 has a slide rail 101 perpendicular to the positioning plate 2, and the end of the support base 1 has two grooves located on both sides of the slide rail 101 to install the motor mounting plate; the front part of the support base 1 has two countersunk screw holes 102 to fix the positioning plate 2; the support base 1 also has a support column mounting hole 103, which is connected to the air inlet 4 on the side wall of the support base 1 through the internal passage of the support base 1 to raise or lower the support column 3 by inflation or deflation. Specifically, the sliding table 9 is I-shaped and installed in the slide rail 101 of the support base 1. It has two screw holes for fixing the servo motor 10; the lower end of the sliding table 9 is connected to the connecting shaft of the cylinder 11, so that the sliding table 9 can move axially and cooperate with the servo motor 10 to complete the automatic tightening and loosening of the anchor drill bit 100.

[0056] The positioning plate 2 has two positioning bosses 202 in the detection hole 201 to cooperate with the positioning groove V, thereby ensuring that the weld of the anchor drill bit 100 is always perpendicular to the horizontal plane; the detection hole 201 has a flared mouth 203, a cylindrical surface 204 and a positioning plane 205 arranged axially from front to back to cooperate with the flared mouth and cylindrical positioning section III of the anchor drill bit 100; the bottom of the positioning plate 2 has two threaded holes to be fixed with the support base 1; the rotating shaft mounting groove 206 on the positioning plate 2 is a bearing and retaining ring mounting hole for mounting the rotating shaft 7; the front edge of the top of the positioning plate 2 is chamfered to prevent collision with the pressure head 13 during the test; the positioning plate 2 and the support base 1 are reinforced by symmetrical reinforcing ribs 12 to prevent deformation under force, and the reinforcing ribs 12 are equipped with shaft center detection sensors and displacement sensors.

[0057] The top of the support column 3 is provided with a flat surface 301 to contact the support part VI of the anchor drill bit 100, ensuring that the anchor drill bit 100 does not move during the test; the lower part of the support column 3 is provided with a boss 302 so that the support column 3 floats on the support seat 1 after the anchor drill bit 100 is removed after the test is completed; for anchor drill bits 100 of different diameters, the air inlet 4 is inflated to change the height of the support column 3, thereby adapting to the testing of anchor drill bits 100 of various diameters.

[0058] The fixing sleeve 5 can be tightened with the threaded section IV at the tail of the anchor drill bit 100, thus fixing the anchor drill bit 100. Multiple fixing sleeves 5 represent different thread specifications to fix anchor drill bits 100 with different thread specifications. Specifically, in this embodiment, the four fixing sleeves 5 represent four different thread specifications: M14×1.5, M14×2, M16×1.5, and M16×2. The fixing sleeve 5 is coaxially installed into the sleeve 602 on the rotating disk 6, and the elastic retaining ring on the fixing sleeve 5 cooperates with the elastic retaining ring inside the sleeve 602 to prevent axial movement of the fixing sleeve 5 within the sleeve 602 during rotation. The tail end of the fixing sleeve 5 has an internal hexagonal hole 501, and the inner wall of the internal hexagonal hole 501 has two threaded holes, each containing an elastic screw 502. The connecting shaft of the servo motor 10 enters the internal hexagonal hole 501 and is secured to the elastic screw 502 through a groove on the connecting shaft, thereby causing the servo motor 10 to drive the fixing sleeve 5 to rotate.

[0059] The rotating disk 6 includes a disk body 601 and multiple sleeves 602 on it. The disk body 601 is parallel to and opposite to the positioning plate 2. The multiple sleeves 602 correspond one-to-one with multiple fixed sleeves 5. An elastic retaining ring is provided inside the sleeve 602 to cooperate with the elastic retaining ring on the fixed sleeve 5. The bottom of each sleeve 602 on the rotating disk 6 has a hexagonal hole 603, and this hexagonal hole 603 is aligned with the inner hexagonal hole 501 at the tail end of the fixed sleeve 5 to facilitate the insertion of the connecting shaft of the servo motor 10. A rotating shaft 7 passes through the center of the rotating disk 6 and the two are fastened together. One end of the rotating shaft 7 is connected to a bearing on the positioning plate 2, and the other end is connected to a stepper motor 8 to realize the rotation of the rotating disk. The rotating disk 6 integrates a high-precision angle sensor and a coaxiality detection sensor. The sample coaxiality algorithm is as follows: Figure 9 Ensure that the screw can be rotated precisely to the preset angle so that the required thread is accurately aligned with the axis position that coincides with the thread of the anchor drill bit.

[0060] The pressure head 13 is installed on the testing machine through a hole on it; the pressure head 13 contacts the pressure head contact part VII of the anchor drill bit 100, and the hardness of the hammer head reaches HRC50 or above to ensure that it can maintain its shape stability when subjected to high-intensity test force, avoiding any deformation that may affect the test results; the pressure head 13 integrates a force sensor, which can monitor and record the pressure change at the weld seam in real time; to further improve the test accuracy, the pressure head 13 is also equipped with a laser rangefinder sensor, which is used to detect the contact position between the pressure head 13 and the weld seam of the anchor drill bit. The principle of laser rangefinder is as follows. Figure 7 :

[0061] vertical direction Figure 7 (a) Using reflectivity measurement technology. Accurately distinguish the differences in reflectivity between the diamond layer, the cemented carbide layer, and the anchor drill bit body, and measure the distances l1, l2, and l3 of each layer. The motor drives the test machine base to move in the vertical direction to ensure that the pressure head's position is within the l2 range.

[0062] Horizontal direction Figure 7 (b) Using distance determination technology, determine whether the indenter has accurately contacted the highest point of the cemented carbide, and measure and record the minimum distance d from the bottom of the indenter to the contact point. min This value represents the highest point on the surface of the cemented carbide. This measurement process involves a motor-driven horizontal slide moving flexibly on the base. The motor controls the vertical and horizontal movement of the sliding stage, enabling high-precision position adjustment and measurement operations, ensuring the accuracy and efficiency of the entire testing process.

[0063] The vertical sliding seat 15 is driven by motor I to move vertically, and the horizontal sliding seat 16 is driven by motor II to move horizontally, thereby adjusting the position of the pressure head 13 acting on the anchor drill bit 100. Both the vertical and horizontal sliding seats have slide rails and slots to adjust the position of the pressure head relative to the drill seam, ensuring that the pressure head always acts on the drill seam without damaging the diamond composite layer, thus preventing damage to the composite layer and affecting the test results.

[0064] Figure 8 The control architecture for each module includes detection, control, communication, and algorithm modules, which are used to acquire and manage the status of each hardware device, control the display interface, and control data reading and storage.

[0065] Example 2:

[0066] This embodiment provides a method for implementing a flexible welding performance testing system for anchor drill bits, such as... Figure 9 and 10 This includes the following steps:

[0067] Step S1: Insert the anchor drill bit into the detection hole on the positioning plate along the positioning boss on the positioning plate;

[0068] Step S2: Start the PLC control system. After system initialization, the control module sets parameters such as the crossbeam moving speed v and the sample diameter d. The algorithm module calculates the effective welding area S according to the given effective welding area calculation method. Click "Start System Execution". The detection module detects the status of each device and initializes sensors such as angle, pressure, and displacement. Then, the control module starts the cylinder to lift the support column and make it contact the support part of the anchor drill bit. When the pressure reaches 0.5MPa, the pressure is maintained. At this time, the anchor drill bit does not move axially or circumferentially.

[0069] Step S3: Once the support column is detected to have been pushed to the predetermined position, the stepper motor is started. The control module calculates the rotation angle of the rotating disk based on the rotating disk status and the thread size of the anchor drill bit, and starts the rotating disk to rotate. The detection module uses an algorithm to ensure the rotating disk and sample are coaxial (e.g., ...). Figure 9 a) Check whether the sample and the fixing sleeve are coaxial;

[0070] Step S4: After detecting that the sample and the fixed sleeve are coaxial, the control module stops the rotating disk. At this time, the cylinder is started, which drives the sliding table to move. At the same time, the servo motor rotates and it is detected whether the servo motor connecting shaft enters the inner hole of the fixed sleeve.

[0071] Step S5: It is detected that the servo motor connecting shaft has entered the inner hole of the fixed sleeve, and the groove on the servo motor connecting shaft is locked with the spring screw on the fixed sleeve; the control module then controls the fixed sleeve to tighten the thread at the tail of the anchor drill bit by applying torque.

[0072] Step S6: The force sensor detects whether the maximum force is greater than 30N. When it reaches 30N, the servo motor and cylinder stop rotating and moving.

[0073] Step S7: The laser rangefinder on the pressure head detects whether the pre-pressure position is... Figure 8 The middle l2 region and d min The test head is positioned at a predetermined location, and the base and slide of the test machine are moved vertically and horizontally by a motor to ensure the accuracy of the contact position of the pressure head.

[0074] Step S8: The control module uses static uniform shear force and dynamic adaptive shear force simulation algorithms (such as...) Figure 9 b, 9c) Control the moving pressure head to start the shearing test. Use the pressure sensor to detect whether the force value is unloaded instantly to determine whether the welded surfaces are completely separated.

[0075] Step S9: After the welded surfaces are completely separated, the maximum shear force and fatigue shear force that the weld seam can withstand are obtained. Based on the effective weld area, the shear strength and fatigue shear strength of the anchor drill bit are obtained. At this time, the maximum shear force, fatigue shear force, shear strength and fatigue shear strength are read by the HMI software.

[0076] Step S10: The control module controls the servo motor to reverse and the cylinder to float and unload the thread, and the detection module's displacement sensor detects whether the distance between the fixed sleeve and the thread end face of the anchor drill bit is greater than 5mm;

[0077] Step S11: When the distance between the fixed sleeve and the thread is detected to be greater than 5mm, that is, the thread has been completely loosened, the control module controls the servo motor to stop, and the cylinder drives the fixed sleeve back into the corresponding sleeve of the rotating disk.

[0078] Step S12: After detecting that the fixed sleeve has returned to the corresponding sleeve of the rotating disk, the control module controls the cylinder to continue moving backward, the groove on the servo motor connecting shaft loosens from the elastic screw on the fixed sleeve, and the cylinder returns to the initial position.

[0079] Step S13: The displacement sensor detects that the cylinder has returned to the initial position, the control module controls the air inlet to stop inflating, lowers the support column, and detects whether the support column has returned to the initial state.

[0080] Step S14: After confirming that the support condition has returned to the initial state, the test ends. Remove the anchor drill bit sample and record the maximum shear force, fatigue shear force, shear strength, and fatigue shear strength.

[0081] In the algorithm module, two shear force control test schemes are implemented for the anchor drill bit. One is static uniform shear force calculation, which yields the maximum shear force, reflecting the maximum shear stress generated by the drill seam under specific conditions when resisting relative slippage. The other is dynamic adaptive fatigue shear force simulation, which yields the maximum fatigue shear force, reflecting the phenomenon of gradual performance degradation and eventual failure of the drill seam after being subjected to alternating loads, i.e., the maximum shear stress that the drill seam can withstand during fatigue. The simulation also considers the impact of micro-load movements on welding performance during actual drilling. The control algorithm module is as follows: Figure 9 (b)(c), the algorithm logic for each scheme is as follows:

[0082] (1) Calculation of static uniform shear force

[0083] The maximum shear force is determined by a stable shear rate, with the indenter moving vertically downwards at a constant and precise speed v. During this process, a vertical and uniform normal force is applied to the weld area. The measured maximum shear force and the constant speed of the indenter movement satisfy a linear relationship, which can be described by formula (1).

[0084] F y =K·v (1)

[0085] Where F y Where is the maximum shear force, K is the shear stiffness coefficient, and v is the shear rate.

[0086] (2) Dynamic adaptive fatigue shear force simulation

[0087] A graded increasing shear rate strategy is introduced to obtain the maximum fatigue shear force. The indenter is controlled to press down vertically at an initial speed v1 until the minimum shear force threshold F1 specified in the standard "Diamond Composite Sheet Coreless Drill Bits: MT / T 786—2011" is reached, at which point the test is stopped. The shear stiffness coefficient K is calculated using formula (2), which is an important indicator of the material's ability to resist shear deformation.

[0088] F p (t)=K·v(t) (2)

[0089] Where F p Where is the maximum fatigue shear force, K is the shear stiffness coefficient, and v is the shear rate.

[0090] Next, gradually increase the shear rate, increasing it by Δv each time, and correspondingly adjust the indenter's moving speed to v2 (v2 = v). 1+Δv), and the shear force F2 at this time is obtained. This process is repeated, and each time the shear rate increases (i.e., v3 = v), the shear force F2 is obtained. 2+ Δv, and so on, are used to obtain the corresponding shear force value until the composite sheet and the weld are completely separated. At this point, the shear rate is v. n The shear force is F n This dynamic adaptive method not only reveals the continuous process of shear force changing with rate, but also provides data support for understanding the shear behavior of materials.

[0091] The maximum fatigue shear force on the anchor drill bit

[0092] The welding strength τ of the anchor drill bit is related to the maximum force F at its brazed joint and the actual welding area; the unbrazed area is not included in the calculation. The welding strength τ is calculated according to formula (3).

[0093]

[0094] τ is the shear strength of the anchor drill bit; F is the maximum normal force acting on the anchor drill bit; S is the effective brazing area.

[0095] S is calculated separately for different types of anchor drill bits. For a whole anchor drill bit, its effective welding surface includes the circular surface S that contacts the PDC cutting teeth. d1 And the arc surface S in contact with the anchor bolt body h1 ,like Figure 2 Therefore, the effective brazing area can be obtained from the following formulas (4)-(6).

[0096] S = S d1+ S h1 (4)

[0097] S d1 =πd 2 / 4(5)

[0098]

[0099] In the formula, d is the diameter of the PDC cutting tooth circular surface; L is the arc length; l is the chord length; and b is the side thickness.

[0100] For a half-piece anchor drill bit, its effective welding surface includes the semi-circular surface S that contacts the PDC cutting teeth. d2 The rectangular surface S in contact with the anchor bolt body h2 Smaller blade area S c Therefore, the effective brazing area is obtained from the following formulas (7)-(9).

[0101] S = S d2+ S h2 -S c (7)

[0102]

[0103] S h2 =l·b(9)

[0104] In the formula, d is the diameter of the semicircular surface in contact with the PDC cutting teeth; l is the chord length; and b is the side thickness. Since S c It is extremely small and can be ignored in calculations.

[0105] The two shear forces F obtained from the above algorithm module y and F p Substituting the maximum shear force and fatigue shear force into F in equation (3) and matching the corresponding effective welding area S, we obtain the shear strength and fatigue shear strength of the whole piece and half piece of anchor drill bit.

Claims

1. A flexible welding performance testing system for anchor drill bits, characterized in that, It includes a support base (1), a positioning plate (2), a support column (3), an air inlet (4), a stepper motor (8), a fixing sleeve (5), a rotating disk (6), a rotating shaft (7), a servo motor (10), a sliding table (9), a cylinder (11), a pressure head (13), a testing machine base (14), a vertical sliding seat (15), a horizontal sliding seat (16), a control module, a detection module, an algorithm module, and a communication module; A positioning plate (2) is vertically mounted on the support base (1). The positioning plate (2) has a detection hole (201) and a rotating shaft mounting groove (206). A vertical support column (3) is provided on the support base (1) in front of the positioning plate (2), and the support column (3) is arranged close to the detection hole (201). A pressure head (13) is provided above the support column (3), and the air inlet (4) is connected to the support base (1) through the internal passage of the support base (1) below the support column (3). A motor mounting plate is provided at the end of the support base (1) behind the positioning plate (2), which is parallel to the positioning plate (2). A stepper motor (8) is mounted on the motor mounting plate, and a rotating shaft (7) is installed between the stepper motor (8) and the rotating shaft mounting groove (206). A rotating disk (6) is fitted on the rotating disk. The rotating disk (6) is mounted on the shaft (7) and can rotate with the rotating shaft (7); the rotating disk (6) is provided with multiple fixed sleeves (5) in the circumferential direction and the fixed sleeves (5) can rotate with the rotating shaft (7) to be coaxial with the detection hole (201); the servo motor (10) is located behind the rotating disk (6) and can dock with the fixed sleeves (5) to drive the fixed sleeves (5) to rotate; the servo motor (10) is mounted on the slide rail (101) of the support base (1) through the sliding table (9) below, and the sliding table (9) is connected to the cylinder (11) to drive the servo motor (10) to move back and forth along the slide rail (101) under the drive of the cylinder (11); the bottom of the support base (1) consists of the test machine base (14), the vertical sliding seat (15) and the horizontal sliding seat (16) in sequence; The control module can control the stepper motor (8), servo motor (10), cylinder (11), air inlet (4) inflation and deflation, vertical sliding seat (15) and horizontal sliding seat (16); the detection module includes a force sensor, shaft center detection sensor, displacement sensor and laser rangefinder; the algorithm module can be used to calculate the effective welding area, maximum shear force and fatigue shear force, shear strength and fatigue shear strength of the anchor drill bit (100); the communication module can be used to realize information interaction between devices.

2. The flexible welding performance testing system for anchor drill bits as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The anchor drill bit (100) consists of a cutting head (I), a bell-shaped section (II), a cylindrical positioning section (III), and a tail threaded section (IV) from top to bottom. The tail threaded section (IV) has an axial positioning groove (V). The rear part of the cutting head (I) is a support part (VI), and the edge of the cutting head (I) has a brazing seam where the pressure head contacts (VII). The cutting head (I) can be a whole piece or a half piece.

3. The flexible welding performance testing system for anchor drill bits as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The support base (1) has threaded holes at its four corners to fix the test machine base (14); the support base (1) has a slide rail (101) perpendicular to the positioning plate (2) at its rear middle part; the support base (1) has two grooves at its end located on both sides of the slide rail (101) to install the motor mounting plate; the support base (1) has two countersunk screw holes (102) at its front part to fix the positioning plate (2); the support base (1) also has a support column mounting hole (103) and an air inlet (4) on the side wall of the support base (1) through the internal passage of the support base (1) to lift or lower the support column (3) by inflation or deflation.

4. The flexible welding performance testing system for anchor drill bits as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The positioning plate (2) has two positioning bosses (202) in the detection hole (201) to cooperate with the positioning groove (V); the detection hole (201) has a flared mouth (203), a cylindrical surface (204) and a positioning plane (205) in the axial direction from front to back to cooperate with the flared mouth and cylindrical positioning section (III) of the anchor drill bit (100); the bottom of the positioning plate (2) has two threaded holes to be fixed with the support base (1); the rotating shaft mounting groove (206) on the positioning plate (2) is a bearing and retaining ring mounting hole for mounting the rotating shaft (7); the top front edge of the positioning plate (2) is chamfered to prevent collision with the pressure head (13) during the test; the positioning plate (2) and the support base (1) are reinforced by symmetrical reinforcing ribs (12) to prevent deformation under force, and the reinforcing ribs (12) are equipped with shaft detection sensors and displacement sensors.

5. The flexible welding performance testing system for anchor drill bits as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the support column (3) is provided with a flat surface (301) to contact the support part (VI) of the anchor drill bit (100) to ensure that the anchor drill bit (100) does not move during the test; the lower part of the support column (3) is provided with a boss (302) so that the support column (3) floats on the support seat (1) after the anchor drill bit (100) is removed after the test is completed; for anchor drill bits (100) of different diameters, the air inlet (4) is inflated to change the height of the support column (3), thereby adapting to the testing of anchor drill bits (100) of various different diameters.

6. The flexible welding performance testing system for anchor drill bits as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The fixing sleeve (5) can be tightened with the threaded section (IV) at the tail of the anchor drill bit (100) to fix the anchor drill bit (100); multiple fixing sleeves (5) are of different thread specifications to fix anchor drill bits (100) with different threads; the fixing sleeve (5) is coaxially installed in the sleeve (602) on the rotating disk (6) and the elastic retaining ring on the fixing sleeve (5) cooperates with the elastic retaining ring in the sleeve (602) to prevent the fixing sleeve (5) from moving axially in the sleeve (602) during rotation; the tail end of the fixing sleeve (5) is an internal hexagonal hole (501), and the inner wall of the internal hexagonal hole (501) is provided with two threaded holes and the threaded holes are filled with elastic screws (502). The connecting shaft of the servo motor (10) enters the internal hexagonal hole (501) and is clamped to the elastic screws (502) through the groove on the connecting shaft, so that the servo motor (10) drives the fixing sleeve (5) to rotate.

7. The flexible welding performance testing system for anchor drill bits as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The rotating disk (6) includes a disk body (601) and a plurality of sleeves (602) thereon. The disk body (601) is parallel to the positioning plate (2), and the plurality of sleeves (602) correspond one-to-one with the plurality of fixed sleeves (5). The bottom of each sleeve (602) on the rotating disk (6) is a hexagonal hole (603), and the hexagonal hole (603) is aligned with the inner hexagonal hole (501) at the tail end of the fixed sleeve (5) so that the connecting shaft of the servo motor (10) can be inserted. The rotating shaft (7) passes through the center of the rotating disk (6) and the two are fastened together. The rotating disk (6) integrates a high-precision angle sensor and a coaxiality detection sensor.

8. The flexible welding performance testing system for anchor drill bits as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The pressure head (13) is installed with the testing machine through a hole on it; the pressure head (13) contacts the pressure head contact part (VII) of the anchor drill bit (100); the pressure head (13) integrates a force sensor, which can monitor and record the pressure change at the drill joint in real time; the pressure head (13) is also equipped with a laser rangefinder sensor for detecting the contact position.

9. The flexible welding performance testing system for anchor drill bits as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical sliding seat (15) is driven by motor I to move vertically, and the horizontal sliding seat (16) is driven by motor II to move horizontally, thereby adjusting the position of the pressure head (13) acting on the anchor drill bit (100).

10. A method for implementing the testing of the flexible welding performance testing system for anchor drill bits according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Insert the anchor drill bit into the detection hole on the positioning plate; Step S2: The control module sets the moving speed and sample diameter parameters, and calculates the effective welding area; the detection module detects the status of each device, initializes the angle, pressure, and displacement sensors, and then the control module starts the cylinder to lift the support column and make it contact the support part of the anchor drill bit. When the pressure reaches 0.5MPa, the pressure is maintained. At this time, the anchor drill bit does not move axially or circumferentially. Step S3: Once it is detected that the support column has been pushed to the predetermined position, the stepper motor is started. The control module calculates the rotation angle of the rotating disk based on the rotating disk status and the thread size of the anchor drill bit, and starts the rotating disk to perform rotation. The detection module detects whether the sample and the fixing sleeve are coaxial. Step S4: After detecting that the sample and the fixed sleeve are coaxial, the control module stops the rotating disk. At this time, the cylinder is started, which drives the sliding table to move. At the same time, the servo motor rotates and it is detected whether the servo motor connecting shaft enters the inner hole of the fixed sleeve. Step S5: It is detected that the servo motor connecting shaft has entered the inner hole of the fixing sleeve and is locked; the control module then controls the fixing sleeve to tighten the thread at the tail of the anchor drill bit by applying torque; Step S6: The force sensor detects whether the maximum force is greater than 30N. When it reaches 30N, the servo motor and cylinder stop rotating and moving. Step S7: The laser rangefinder on the pressure head detects whether the pre-pressure position is in the predetermined position, and drives the test machine base and slide to move vertically and horizontally by the motor to ensure the accuracy of the pressure head contact position; Step S8: The control module controls the moving pressure head to start the shearing test. The pressure sensor detects whether the force value is unloaded instantly to determine whether the welded surfaces are completely separated. Step S9: The welded surfaces are completely separated. The maximum shear force and fatigue shear force that the weld seam can withstand are obtained. Based on the effective weld area, the shear strength and fatigue shear strength of the anchor drill bit are obtained. The maximum shear force, fatigue shear force, shear strength and fatigue shear strength are read. Step S10: The control module controls the servo motor to reverse and the cylinder to float and unload the thread, and the detection module's displacement sensor detects whether the distance between the fixed sleeve and the thread end face of the anchor drill bit is greater than 5mm; Step S11: When the distance between the fixed sleeve and the thread is detected to be greater than 5mm, that is, the thread has been completely loosened, the control module controls the servo motor to stop, and the cylinder drives the fixed sleeve back into the corresponding sleeve of the rotating disk. Step S12: After detecting that the fixed sleeve has returned to the corresponding sleeve of the rotating disk, the control module controls the cylinder to continue moving backward, the servo motor connecting shaft is released from the fixed sleeve, and the cylinder returns to the initial position; Step S13: The displacement sensor detects that the cylinder has returned to the initial position, the control module controls the air inlet to stop inflating, lowers the support column, and detects whether the support column has returned to the initial state. Step S14: After confirming that the support condition has returned to the initial state, the test ends. Remove the anchor drill bit sample and record the maximum shear force, fatigue shear force, shear strength, and fatigue shear strength.

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