Soil and groundwater environment in-situ real-time monitoring system

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil and groundwater environment in-situ real-time monitoring system which is installed in a monitoring device and comprises a soil monitoring platform and a groundwater monitoring platform. The soil monitoring platform comprises a soil monitoring module, a basic data module, a first monitoring evaluation module and a collaborative management and control module, and mainly realizes the functions of real-time monitoring analysis, evaluation, environment management and the like of soil related indexes; the underground water monitoring platform comprises a monitoring content module, a monitoring operation module, a monitoring display module and a second monitoring evaluation module, and mainly realizes the functions of real-time monitoring, analysis, alarm, evaluation and the like of underground water related indexes. According to the invention, in-situ real-time monitoring of soil and underground water can be provided at the same time, the monitoring system is constructed by taking construction land and agricultural land soil and underground water environment management as a main line, and monitoring and management of related soil and underground water environments by a plurality of departments such as natural resources, ecological environment, agriculture and rural areas, housing and urban and rural construction can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of environmental monitoring, and in particular to an in-situ real-time monitoring system for soil and groundwater environment. Background Art

[0002] Soil and groundwater environmental monitoring plays a key role in protecting the ecological environment, maintaining ecological balance, ensuring human health, and promoting sustainable development. It is an important task that multiple departments such as natural resources, ecological environment, agriculture and rural areas, housing, and urban and rural construction focus on.

[0003] The primary purpose of soil environmental monitoring is to analyze the physical, chemical and biological properties of soil through scientific methods, so as to comprehensively evaluate the quality of soil, including soil fertility, pH, heavy metal content, organic matter content, microbial activity and other aspects, to provide a scientific basis for the rational use and protection of soil resources. Soil environmental monitoring can grasp the pollution status of soil. With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, the problem of soil pollution is becoming increasingly serious. Soil testing can timely detect and monitor the types, concentrations and distribution range of pollutants in the soil, and provide data support for the formulation of pollution prevention and control measures and remediation plans. Soil environmental monitoring is of great significance in guiding agricultural production. In the agricultural field, soil testing is of great significance in guiding reasonable fertilization, improving soil structure, and selecting suitable crop varieties. By understanding the nutrient status of the soil and crop requirements, a scientific farming system can be formulated to improve agricultural production efficiency and quality. Soil environmental monitoring can effectively ensure food security and is beneficial to human health. Soil is an important basis for food production, and its quality is directly related to food safety and human health. Soil testing can timely detect and control harmful substances in the soil, provide a scientific basis for the formulation of food production plans and policies, thereby ensuring national food security and food safety, and preventing toxic and harmful substances from entering the human body through the food chain, thereby protecting human health. Soil environmental monitoring can effectively promote ecological environmental protection. Soil is an important part of the ecosystem, and its quality directly affects the stability and service functions of the ecosystem. Through soil testing, soil pollution problems can be discovered and solved in a timely manner, the ecological environment can be protected from destruction, and the ecological balance can be maintained. Soil environmental monitoring promotes the sustainable development of agriculture. Agriculture is the basic industry of the national economy, and soil is an important resource for agricultural production. Through soil testing, agricultural production can be scientifically guided, soil fertility and crop yields can be improved, production costs can be reduced, and the sustainable development of agriculture can be promoted.

[0004] Groundwater environmental monitoring is beneficial to water resource management. Groundwater is one of the most precious freshwater resources on the earth. It plays an irreplaceable role in maintaining ecological balance, ensuring human life and supporting economic development. Through monitoring, we can timely understand the recharge, discharge and storage of groundwater, and provide effective data support for the rational development and comprehensive management of water resources. Groundwater environmental monitoring is an important part of environmental protection. Groundwater is an important part of the surface water cycle, and its quality directly affects the water quality of rivers, lakes and even the ocean. Through monitoring, we can timely discover problems such as pollutant infiltration and groundwater level decline, so as to take measures to prevent environmental deterioration. Groundwater environmental monitoring is related to drinking water safety. About half of the world's population relies on groundwater as a source of drinking water. Monitoring the quality of groundwater can ensure the safety of water supply and avoid health risks caused by groundwater pollution.

[0005] However, the traditional in-situ real-time monitoring system for soil and groundwater environment has the following disadvantages: At present, soil and groundwater environmental monitoring on the market is mainly carried out through the technical means of ex situ sampling laboratory analysis. In particular, soil environmental monitoring mainly relies on a large number of borehole sampling laboratory analysis. This technical means has a series of problems such as high cost, long time cycle, sample collection, preservation, circulation, and testing quality control. It is unable to achieve fast and efficient real-time monitoring and is difficult to use for rapid monitoring of soil quality over a large area and multiple samples.

[0006] Soil sampling and testing can usually only sample soil in a specific area, which may lead to insufficient representativeness of the sampling. If the sampling point is not properly selected or the number of samples is insufficient, it may further affect the accuracy of the test results. The timeliness is poor. Soil sampling and testing requires a certain amount of time for sampling, transportation, processing and testing, which may lead to poor timeliness of the test results. In some cases, soil conditions may change rapidly, and sampling and testing cannot capture these changes in time. There will be interference with the soil environment. The sampling process may cause certain interference to the soil environment, such as destroying the soil structure and changing the soil moisture, which may affect subsequent monitoring and analysis. The cost is high. Soil sampling and testing requires a lot of manpower, material and financial resources, including sampling tools, transportation equipment, testing equipment and professionals, which increases the cost of monitoring. Affected by environmental factors, the results of sampling and testing may be affected by a variety of environmental factors, such as temperature, humidity, light, etc., which may lead to unstable test results.

[0007] In-situ real-time monitoring of the soil environment can obtain soil data in real time, promptly reflect changes in soil conditions, and improve the timeliness of monitoring. In-situ real-time monitoring can cover a wider area, provide more comprehensive soil information, and help to more accurately assess soil environmental conditions. In-situ monitoring usually does not require sampling or destruction of the soil, so it has less interference with the soil environment and is conducive to protecting the integrity of the soil ecosystem.

[0008] Although the current groundwater environmental monitoring technology has reached a high level of development, including sampling laboratory testing and analysis and on-site online monitoring, it is usually necessary to monitor the environmental quality of soil and groundwater simultaneously during the process of conducting site pollution investigation risk assessment, remediation, risk control, and detailed investigation of soil and groundwater environment. At present, the environmental quality of soil and groundwater is usually monitored separately. Synchronous monitoring of soil and groundwater environment can fully understand the source, migration path and final destination of pollutants, and help to build a complete pollutant migration and transformation model. The interaction between soil and groundwater is complex. Pollutants may enter groundwater through soil or migrate from groundwater to soil. Synchronous monitoring can detect this potential pollution risk in a timely manner and avoid the spread of pollution. Monitoring data can also be used to evaluate the effectiveness of various plans to ensure that relevant engineering measures can effectively reduce the content of pollutants in soil and groundwater.

[0009] At present, there are a certain scale of soil environment in-situ real-time monitoring systems and groundwater environment in-situ real-time monitoring systems on the market, but the traditional monitoring system has weak data fusion capabilities and cannot effectively integrate soil and groundwater pollutant indicator data from different sources, types and times. For example, the ecological environment department mainly focuses on pollutant indicators, while the agricultural and rural departments mainly focus on soil nutrient content, soil moisture, etc. The traditional monitoring system has a single monitoring indicator and cannot realize the simultaneous monitoring of multiple types of data. Data cannot be shared between departments, and there are problems such as duplication of work. The traditional soil and groundwater monitoring system cannot effectively analyze and utilize data in real time and further feedback to various departments and systems. At present, there is a lack of synchronous monitoring systems for the environmental quality of two different media, soil and groundwater, on the market. The synchronous monitoring of soil and groundwater environment is of great significance for a comprehensive understanding of the source, migration path and final destination of pollutants, the construction of a complete pollutant migration and transformation model, and the control of regional soil and groundwater environmental quality. Summary of the invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an in-situ real-time monitoring system for soil and groundwater environment to solve the related technical problems raised in the above background technology.

[0011] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a soil and groundwater environment in situ real-time monitoring system, comprising a monitoring device, wherein the soil and groundwater environment in situ real-time monitoring system is fixedly installed inside the monitoring device, the environment in situ real-time monitoring system comprises a soil monitoring platform and a groundwater monitoring platform, the soil monitoring platform comprises a soil monitoring module, a basic data module, a first monitoring and evaluation module and a collaborative management and control module, the groundwater monitoring platform comprises a monitoring content module, a monitoring operation module and a monitoring display module, and a second monitoring and evaluation module.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the soil monitoring module includes a heavy metal monitoring unit, an organic pollutant monitoring unit, a nutrient content monitoring unit, a soil texture monitoring unit, a microbial activity monitoring unit and a soil moisture monitoring unit. The heavy metal monitoring unit monitors the content of heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, arsenic and nickel in the soil in real time. The organic pollutant monitoring unit monitors the content of volatile organic matter in the soil in real time. The nutrient content monitoring unit monitors the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in the soil in real time. The soil texture monitoring unit monitors the composition ratio of mineral particles of different particle sizes in the soil, including sand particles, silt particles and clay particles. The microbial activity monitoring unit monitors the decomposition of soil organic matter, nutrient cycle and soil structure formation in real time. The soil moisture monitoring unit monitors the moisture, temperature, salinity, pH value and the like in the soil in real time. The above monitoring units can be selected in single or multiple combinations according to actual needs.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the basic data module includes a basic data unit, an image data unit and a geological data unit. The basic data unit collects data such as the depth, point information (coordinate information), temperature, soil type, soil pH, etc. of the monitored soil points. The image data unit collects image data of the environment around the monitored soil points. The geological data unit collects data on the soil composition of the monitored soil.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the first monitoring and evaluation module includes a site project information unit, a monitoring point information unit, a monitoring index information unit, an evaluation model library unit, an evaluation result library unit and a rectification plan unit. The site project information unit collects and stores relevant information of the monitoring soil project. The monitoring point information unit collects and stores environmental parameter information of the monitoring point on the monitoring soil in real time. The monitoring index information unit sets the soil index information standard of the monitoring point according to the application of the soil and the type of the soil. The evaluation model library unit is provided with accuracy evaluation, precision evaluation, recall evaluation, and comparison evaluation with the standard. The accuracy evaluation refers to the proportion of correctly classified samples to the total number of samples. The calculation formula is as follows: ; Precision evaluation refers to the ratio of the number of correctly classified positive samples to the number of samples determined as positive samples by the classifier. The calculation formula is as follows: ; The recall rate evaluation refers to the ratio of correctly classified positive samples to the number of true positive samples. The calculation formula is as follows: ; The evaluation model library unit calculates the F1 score or draws the PR curve of the model. The F1 calculation formula is: ; Comparative evaluation with standards, based on the nature of the land use to which the soil at the monitoring point belongs, selects relevant soil environmental quality standards for comparative analysis with monitoring data, which can be used to determine whether the soil is polluted and poses a health risk, determine the nutritional level of the soil, etc.

[0015] The evaluation results library unit provides a visual display of multiple soil evaluation results, and the rectification plan unit provides rectification plans corresponding to the soil after monitoring.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the collaborative management and control module includes a process management unit, a multi-platform intercommunication unit and a digital analysis unit. When applying for new construction land, the process management unit conducts a construction land management process for the land included in the list of polluted plots. The land can be applied for only after passing preliminary investigation, detailed investigation, risk assessment, and governance and restoration. If it is unqualified, the land will not be applied for. In the later supervision stage, the safe utilization rate of construction land will be managed based on process data. In terms of agricultural land management process, the detailed investigation data of agricultural land will be managed, and the priority protection category and strict control category divided out from the detailed investigation of agricultural land will be managed through project library. The whole process of project implementation will be monitored. Supervision, to achieve the supervision and management of the safe utilization rate of polluted cultivated land, the multi-platform intercommunication unit platform is connected with multiple systems such as natural resources, agriculture and rural areas, and the national polluted land information system. The digital analysis unit provides rich statistical analysis functions, obtains data from multiple data sources, and conducts statistical analysis on different types of soil data from various departments, pre-processes data, stores data, dynamically monitors data, and conducts statistical analysis of data. Finally, the visual summary results are presented in the form of charts to achieve automatic calculation of the safe utilization rate of polluted plots and the safe utilization rate of polluted cultivated land. At the same time, according to the time dimension and regional dimension, annual comparative analysis is conducted on the data managed by the platform, and automatic early warning prompts are issued for abnormal data.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the monitoring content module includes a monitoring well layout unit, a conventional indicator monitoring unit, and other indicator monitoring units. The monitoring well layout unit layouts monitoring wells according to geological and hydrogeological conditions, underground structure conditions, and the purpose of the monitoring wells (investigation monitoring wells, repair monitoring wells, risk control monitoring wells, etc.); the conventional indicator monitoring unit monitors the water level, temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, conductivity and total dissolved solids in real time; the other indicator monitoring unit mainly monitors water quality, such as common inorganic ions in groundwater such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total hardness, total mineralization, organic matter, and microorganisms. The monitoring indicators should select corresponding online monitoring equipment according to different monitoring requirements.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the monitoring and operation module includes a data acquisition unit, an alarm function unit, an image monitoring unit, a remote monitoring unit, a multi-level reporting unit and a transmission mode unit. The data acquisition unit receives the reported data of each monitoring point in real time and automatically stores the monitoring data in the database. The alarm function unit performs data over-limit alarms in various forms through text messages. The image monitoring unit supports real-time monitoring of video by picture capture. The remote monitoring unit calls for real-time data of the monitoring site through the platform, which is convenient for relevant departments to control the status of the monitoring site in time. The multi-level reporting unit meets the multi-level management needs of provinces, cities and counties. The transmission mode unit provides G / G / NB-LoT / LoRa / Beidou / wired transmission.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the monitoring and display module includes a data acquisition display unit, a data integration display unit, a remote viewing display unit and an over-standard warning display unit. The data acquisition display unit sends, receives, analyzes, stores, and records data information for intuitive display. The data integration display unit performs comprehensive display according to user logins in different areas. The remote viewing display unit supports remote viewing of data information via mobile phone apps and computers. The over-standard warning display unit sets alarm values ​​according to the user and issues a warning when the value exceeds the value.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the second monitoring and evaluation module (34) is the same as the first monitoring and evaluation module (23), replacing the soil monitoring point related information and soil related standards with the groundwater monitoring point related information and groundwater related standards, and performing evaluation.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, fixing bars are fixedly installed on both sides of the monitoring device, positioning plates are fixedly installed in the middle of the two fixing bars, a heat dissipation window is fixedly installed on the top of the monitoring device, a communicator is fixedly installed on one side of the monitoring device, and an interface is opened on the other side of the monitoring device. The user screws the screws through the positioning plates to fix the fixing bars, thereby indirectly fixing the monitoring device. The installation of the communicator facilitates information exchange between the monitoring device and the background.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The in-situ real-time monitoring system for soil and groundwater environment is built with the management of soil and groundwater environment in construction land and agricultural land as the main line. It can realize the monitoring and management of relevant soil and groundwater environment by multiple departments such as natural resources, ecological environment, agriculture and rural areas, housing and urban and rural construction, and establish a unified soil and groundwater monitoring and management platform in the region with multi-department co-construction and sharing and dynamic data update; by setting up a soil and groundwater monitoring platform, the soil monitoring platform includes a soil monitoring module, a basic data module, a first monitoring and evaluation module and a collaborative management and control module to carry out in-situ real-time monitoring of soil, mainly realizing the real-time monitoring, analysis, evaluation and environmental management of soil-related indicators; the groundwater monitoring platform includes a monitoring content module, a monitoring operation module, a monitoring display module and a second monitoring and evaluation module, mainly realizing the real-time monitoring, analysis, alarm and evaluation of groundwater-related indicators; 2. This system can be seamlessly connected with mobile phones, tablet computers, and PCs, allowing managers to view system information anytime and anywhere through terminal devices, remotely operate related equipment, and achieve remote supervision and control of soil and groundwater monitoring equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the in-situ real-time monitoring system for soil and groundwater environment disclosed in the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the soil monitoring platform disclosed in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the groundwater monitoring platform disclosed in the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the basic data module disclosed in the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the first monitoring and evaluation module disclosed in the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the collaborative management and control module disclosed in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the monitoring operation module disclosed in the present invention; Figure 8It is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the monitoring and display module disclosed in the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a stereoscopic diagram of the monitoring device disclosed in the present invention.

[0024] In the figure: 1. In-situ real-time monitoring system for soil and groundwater environment; 2. Soil monitoring platform; 21. Soil monitoring module; 211. Heavy metal monitoring unit; 212. Organic pollutant monitoring unit; 213. Nutrient content monitoring unit; 214. Soil texture monitoring unit; 215. Microbial activity monitoring unit; 216. Soil moisture monitoring unit; 22. Basic data module; 221. Basic data unit; 222. Image data unit; 223. Geological data unit; 23. First monitoring and evaluation module; 231. Site project information unit; 232. Monitoring point information unit; 233. Monitoring indicator information unit; 234. Evaluation model library unit; 235. Evaluation results library unit; 236. Rectification plan unit; 24. Collaborative management and control module; 241. Process control unit; 2 42. Multi-platform intercommunication unit; 243. Digital analysis unit; 3. Groundwater monitoring platform; 31. Monitoring content module; 311. Monitoring well layout unit; 312. Conventional indicator monitoring unit; 313. Other indicator monitoring unit; 32. Monitoring operation module; 321. Data acquisition unit; 322. Alarm function unit; 323. Image monitoring unit; 324. Remote monitoring unit; 325. Multi-level reporting unit; 326. Transmission mode unit; 33. Monitoring display module; 331. Data acquisition display unit; 332. Data integration display unit; 333. Remote viewing display unit; 334. Exceeding standard warning display unit; 34. Second monitoring and evaluation module; 4. Monitoring device; 5. Fixing bar; 6. Positioning piece; 7. Heat dissipation window; 8. Communicator; 9. Interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] See also Figure 1-9The present invention provides an in-situ real-time monitoring system 1 for soil and groundwater environment, which is installed in a monitoring device 4; the in-situ real-time monitoring system 1 for soil and groundwater environment includes a soil monitoring platform 2 and a groundwater monitoring platform 3, the soil monitoring platform 2 includes a soil monitoring module 21, a basic data module 22, a first monitoring and evaluation module 23 and a collaborative management and control module 24, and the groundwater monitoring platform 3 includes a monitoring content module 31, a monitoring operation module 32, a monitoring display module 33 and a second monitoring and evaluation module 34.

[0027] The soil monitoring module 21 includes at least one of a heavy metal monitoring unit 211, an organic pollutant monitoring unit 212, a nutrient content monitoring unit 213, a soil texture monitoring unit 214, a microbial activity monitoring unit 215 and a soil moisture monitoring unit 216. The heavy metal monitoring unit 211 monitors the content of heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, arsenic, and nickel in the soil in real time. The organic pollutant monitoring unit 212 monitors the content of volatile organic matter in the soil in real time. The nutrient content monitoring unit 213 monitors the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the soil in real time. The soil texture monitoring unit 214 monitors the composition ratio of mineral particles of different particle sizes in the soil, including sand, silt, and clay. The microbial activity monitoring unit 215 monitors the decomposition of soil organic matter, nutrient circulation, and the formation of soil structure in real time. The soil moisture monitoring unit 216 monitors the moisture, temperature, salinity, pH value, etc. in the soil in real time. The above monitoring units can be selected in single or multiple combinations according to actual needs. Among them, the heavy metal monitoring unit and the organic pollutant monitoring unit can provide feedback based on data and models on whether the soil is polluted, and whether the polluted soil that has been repaired has met the standards; soil nutrient content monitoring is of great significance for ensuring soil health, increasing crop yields, protecting the environment, and achieving sustainable agricultural development; soil texture monitoring is mainly to grasp the basic physical and chemical properties of the soil, and provide basic data for understanding the basic properties of the soil and other analyses; soil microbial activity monitoring plays an important role in assessing soil health, improving soil fertility, promoting plant growth, absorbing and purifying pollutants, and soil remediation; soil moisture monitoring can timely and accurately grasp the moisture status in the soil, provide a scientific basis and technical support for the scientific and rational use of water resources, provide technical support for agricultural production, increase crop yields and quality, and help achieve refined management of agricultural production.

[0028] The basic data module 22 includes a basic data unit 221, an image data unit 222 and a geological data unit 223. The basic data unit 221 collects data such as the depth, point information (coordinate information), temperature, soil type, soil pH, etc. of the monitored soil point. The image data unit 222 collects image data of the environment around the monitored soil point. The geological data unit 223 collects data on the soil composition of the monitored soil. Among them, the technical data unit mainly displays the basic information of the monitoring point and the basic properties of the soil, which is equivalent to a display of the identity information of this point; the image data unit mainly displays the environment around the point. In the current soil or groundwater survey and sampling process, it is necessary to leave image data of the point when drilling and sampling, which is equivalent to meeting the basic requirements and avoiding manual operation; the geological data unit is to master the basic physical and chemical properties of the soil, and provide basic data for understanding the basic properties of the soil and other analyses, which is part of the basic module.

[0029] The first monitoring and evaluation module 23 includes a site project information unit 231, a monitoring point information unit 232, a monitoring index information unit 233, an evaluation model library unit 234, an evaluation result library unit 235, and a rectification plan unit 236. The site project information unit 231 collects and stores relevant information of the monitoring soil project, the monitoring point information unit 232 collects and stores environmental parameter information of the monitoring point on the monitoring soil in real time, the monitoring index information unit 233 sets the soil index information standard of the monitoring point according to the application of the soil and the type of the soil, and the evaluation model library unit 234 is provided with accuracy evaluation, precision evaluation, recall evaluation, and comparison evaluation with the standard. The relevant evaluation of the subsequent units is performed based on the information collected by the site project information unit 231, the monitoring point information unit 232, and the monitoring index information unit 233; the evaluation result library unit 235 visualizes multiple soil evaluation results, and the rectification plan unit 236 provides the rectification plan corresponding to the soil after monitoring. The above modular design reduces the complexity of the program by decomposing the complex system into multiple small and independent modules, making the program design, debugging and maintenance operations simpler. Through accuracy evaluation, the performance and effect of each module can be quantified, thereby ensuring that each module can perform its function efficiently.

[0030] In the evaluation model library unit 234: Accuracy evaluation refers to the proportion of correctly classified samples to the total number of samples. The calculation formula is as follows: ; In the formula, TP is the number of correctly classified positive samples, TN is the number of correctly classified negative samples, FP is the number of incorrectly classified positive samples, and FN is the number of incorrectly classified negative samples; Among all the results predicted as positive samples, true positives (TP) refer to those instances that are actually positive samples and correctly predicted as positive samples by the model. True negatives (TN): Among all the results predicted as negative samples, true negatives refer to those instances that are actually negative samples and correctly predicted as negative samples by the model. False positives (FP): Among all the results predicted as positive samples, false positives refer to those instances that are actually negative samples but are incorrectly predicted as positive samples by the model. False negatives (FN): Among all the results that are actually positive samples, false negatives refer to those instances that are incorrectly predicted as negative samples by the model.

[0031] Precision evaluation refers to the ratio of the number of correctly classified positive samples to the number of samples determined as positive samples by the classifier. The calculation formula is as follows: ; The recall rate evaluation refers to the ratio of correctly classified positive samples to the number of true positive samples. The calculation formula is as follows: ; The evaluation model library unit 234 calculates the F1 score or draws the PR curve of the model. The F1 calculation formula is: ; Comparative evaluation with standards, according to the nature of the land use to which the soil at the monitoring point belongs, select relevant soil environmental quality standards and compare and analyze the monitoring data, which can be used to determine whether the soil is polluted and there is a health risk, determine the nutritional level of the soil, etc.; Among them, comparative evaluation with standards mainly compares the monitored values ​​with the standard values, which can directly determine whether a certain standard is exceeded. There are many standards that can be compared, such as the common ones such as "Soil Environmental Quality Construction Land Soil Pollution Risk Control Standard (Trial) (GB36600-2018)", "Soil Environmental Quality Agricultural Land Soil Pollution Risk Control Standard (Trial) (GB 15618-2018)", "Soil Main Property Index Classification" and so on.

[0032] The collaborative management and control module 24 includes a process management unit 241, a multi-platform intercommunication unit 242 and a digital analysis unit 243. When declaring new construction land, the process management unit 241 conducts a construction land management process for the land included in the list of polluted plots. The land can be declared only after passing preliminary investigation, detailed investigation, risk assessment, and governance and restoration. If it fails, the land will not be declared. In the later supervision stage, the safe utilization rate of construction land will be managed based on process data. In terms of the agricultural land management process, the detailed investigation data of agricultural land will be managed. The priority protection category and strict control category divided out from the detailed investigation of agricultural land will be managed through the form of a project library. The whole process of project implementation will be supervised to realize the supervision and management of the safe utilization rate of polluted cultivated land. The multi-platform intercommunication unit 242 platform is closely related to natural resources, The digital analysis unit 243 provides rich statistical analysis functions by connecting multiple systems such as agriculture and rural areas and the national polluted land information system. It obtains data from multiple data sources, conducts statistical analysis on different types of soil data from various departments, performs data preprocessing, data storage, data dynamic monitoring, and data statistical analysis, and finally presents the visual summary results in the form of charts, thereby realizing automatic calculation of the safe utilization rate of polluted land and the safe utilization rate of polluted cultivated land. At the same time, it conducts annual comparative analysis of the data managed by the platform according to the time dimension and regional dimension, and automatically issues early warning prompts for abnormal data. Among them, the time dimension is only a cumulative time, which can be stored on a weekly / monthly / quarterly basis, and the regional dimension is to organize and integrate data from different regions into the background of a terminal.

[0033] The monitoring content module 31 includes a monitoring well layout unit 311, a conventional indicator monitoring unit 312, and an other indicator monitoring unit 313. The monitored data is mainly used for management and evaluation of subsequent units; the monitoring well layout unit 311 reasonably arranges monitoring wells according to geological and hydrogeological conditions, underground structure conditions, and the purpose of monitoring wells (investigation monitoring wells, repair monitoring wells, risk control monitoring wells, etc.); the conventional indicator monitoring unit 312 performs real-time monitoring of water level, temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, conductivity and total dissolved solids; the other indicator monitoring unit 313 mainly monitors water quality, such as common inorganic ions in groundwater such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total hardness, total mineralization, organic matter, and microorganisms. The monitoring indicators should select corresponding online monitoring equipment according to different monitoring requirements.

[0034] The monitoring and operation module 32 includes a data acquisition unit 321, an alarm function unit 322, an image monitoring unit 323, a remote monitoring unit 324, a multi-level reporting unit 325 and a transmission mode unit 326. The data acquisition unit 321 receives the reported data of each monitoring point in real time and automatically stores the monitoring data in the database. The alarm function unit 322 issues data over-limit alarms in various forms through text messages. The image monitoring unit 323 supports real-time monitoring of video by picture capture. The remote monitoring unit 324 calls for real-time data of the monitoring site through the platform, which is convenient for relevant departments to control the status of the monitoring site in time. The multi-level reporting unit 325 meets the multi-level management needs of provinces, cities and counties. The transmission mode unit 326 provides 3G / 4G / NB-LoT / LoRa / Beidou / wired transmission.

[0035] The monitoring and display module 33 includes a data acquisition and display unit 331, a data integration and display unit 332, a remote viewing and display unit 333, and an over-standard warning and display unit 334. The data acquisition and display unit 331 sends and receives data information for analysis, storage, and recording, and displays the information intuitively. The data integration and display unit 332 displays the information comprehensively according to the login of users in different areas. The remote viewing and display unit 333 supports remote viewing of data information via mobile phone apps and computers. The over-standard warning and display unit 334 sets the alarm value according to the user, and issues a warning when the value exceeds the alarm value.

[0036] The second monitoring and evaluation module 34 of the groundwater monitoring platform is the same as the first monitoring and evaluation module 23 of the soil monitoring platform, which replaces the soil monitoring point related information and soil related standards with the groundwater monitoring point related information and groundwater related standards, and performs evaluation.

[0037] Fixing bars 5 are fixedly installed on both sides of the monitoring device 4, positioning plates 6 are fixedly installed in the middle of the two fixing bars 5, a heat dissipation window 7 is fixedly installed on the top of the monitoring device 4, a communicator 8 is fixedly installed on one side of the monitoring device 4, and an interface 9 is opened on the other side of the monitoring device 4. The user screws through the positioning plates 6 to fix the fixing bars 5, thereby indirectly fixing the monitoring device 4. The installation of the communicator 8 facilitates information exchange between the monitoring device 4 and the background.

[0038] In the present invention, the heavy metal monitoring unit 211 monitors the content of heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, arsenic, and nickel in the soil in real time, the organic pollutant monitoring unit 212 monitors the content of volatile organic matter in the soil in real time, the nutrient content monitoring unit 213 monitors the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in the soil in real time, the soil texture monitoring unit 214 monitors the composition ratio of mineral particles of different particle sizes in the soil, including sand, silt, and clay, the microbial activity monitoring unit 215 monitors the decomposition of soil organic matter, nutrient circulation, and the formation of soil structure in real time, and the soil moisture monitoring unit 216 monitors the moisture, temperature, salinity, pH value, etc. in the soil in real time. The above monitoring units can be selected in single or multiple combinations according to actual needs. The basic data unit 221 collects data such as the depth, point information (coordinate information), temperature, soil type, soil pH, etc. of the monitored soil point. The image data unit 222 collects image data of the environment around the monitored soil point. The geological data unit 223 collects data on the soil composition of the monitored soil. The site project information unit 231 collects and stores relevant information of the monitored soil project. The monitoring point information unit 232 collects and stores the environmental parameter information of the monitoring point on the monitored soil in real time. The monitoring index information unit 233 sets the soil index information standard of the monitoring point according to the application of the soil and the type of soil. The evaluation model library unit 234 is provided with accuracy evaluation, precision evaluation, recall evaluation, and comparison evaluation with the standard. The evaluation result library unit 235 visualizes multiple soil evaluation results and the rectification plan unit 236 provides rectification plans corresponding to the monitored soil. When declaring new construction land, process control unit 241 will conduct construction land management process for land included in the list of polluted plots. Land can be declared only after passing preliminary investigation, detailed investigation, risk assessment, and governance and restoration. If it fails, it will not be declared. In the later supervision stage, the safe utilization rate of construction land will be managed based on process data. In terms of agricultural land management process, the detailed investigation data of agricultural land will be managed. The priority protection category and strict control category divided by the detailed investigation of agricultural land will be managed through the form of project library. The whole process of project implementation will be supervised to realize the supervision and management of the safe utilization rate of polluted cultivated land, and multi-platform intercommunication Unit 242 platform is connected with multiple systems such as natural resources, agriculture and rural areas, and the national polluted land information system. The digital analysis unit 243 provides rich statistical analysis functions, obtains data from multiple data sources, conducts statistical analysis on different types of soil data from various departments, preprocesses data, stores data, dynamically monitors data, and conducts statistical analysis of data. Finally, the summary results are visualized in the form of charts, which automatically calculates the safe utilization rate of polluted land and the safe utilization rate of polluted cultivated land. At the same time, according to the time dimension and regional dimension, annual comparative analysis is conducted on the data managed by the platform, and automatic early warning prompts are issued for abnormal data.The data acquisition and display unit 331 sends, receives, analyzes, stores, and records data information for intuitive display. The data integration display unit 332 performs comprehensive display based on user logins in different areas. The remote viewing display unit 333 supports remote viewing of data information via mobile phone apps and computers. The over-standard warning display unit 334 sets alarm values ​​based on user settings and issues warnings when the values ​​are exceeded.

[0039] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil and groundwater environment in-situ real-time monitoring system, installed in a monitoring device (4), characterized in that: The invention comprises a soil monitoring platform (2) and a groundwater monitoring platform (3), wherein the soil monitoring platform (2) comprises a soil monitoring module (21), a basic data module (22), a first monitoring and evaluation module (23) and a collaborative management and control module (24), and the groundwater monitoring platform (3) comprises a monitoring content module (31), a monitoring operation module (32), a monitoring display module (33) and a second monitoring and evaluation module (34).

2. The in-situ real-time monitoring system for soil and groundwater environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil monitoring module (21) comprises a heavy metal monitoring unit (211), an organic pollutant monitoring unit (212), a nutrient content monitoring unit (213), a soil texture monitoring unit (214), a microbial activity monitoring unit (215) and a soil moisture monitoring unit (216).

3. The in-situ real-time monitoring system for soil and groundwater environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The basic data module (22) comprises a basic data unit (221), an image data unit (222) and a geological data unit (223).

4. The in-situ real-time monitoring system for soil and groundwater environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first monitoring and evaluation module (23) includes a site project information unit (231), a monitoring point information unit (232), a monitoring indicator information unit (233), an evaluation model library unit (234), an evaluation result library unit (235) and a rectification plan unit (236); The evaluation model library unit (234) includes accuracy evaluation, precision evaluation, recall evaluation, and comparison evaluation with standards; Accuracy evaluation refers to the proportion of correctly classified samples to the total number of samples. The calculation formula is as follows: ； In the formula, TP is the number of correctly classified positive samples, TN is the number of correctly classified negative samples, FP is the number of incorrectly classified positive samples, and FN is the number of incorrectly classified negative samples; Precision evaluation refers to the ratio of the number of correctly classified positive samples to the number of samples determined as positive samples by the classifier. The calculation formula is as follows: ； The recall rate evaluation refers to the ratio of correctly classified positive samples to the number of true positive samples. The calculation formula is as follows: ； The evaluation model library unit (234) calculates the F1 score or draws the PR curve of the model. The F1 calculation formula is: ； Comparative evaluation with standards, based on the nature of the land use to which the soil at the monitoring point belongs, selects relevant soil environmental quality standards for comparative analysis with monitoring data, which can be used to determine whether the soil is polluted and poses a health risk, and to determine the nutritional level of the soil.

5. The soil and groundwater environment in-situ real-time monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collaborative management and control module (24) includes a process management and control unit (241), a multi-platform intercommunication unit (242) and a digital analysis unit (243).

6. The in-situ real-time monitoring system for soil and groundwater environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring content module (31) comprises a monitoring well layout unit (311), a conventional indicator monitoring unit (312), and another indicator monitoring unit (313).

7. The in-situ real-time monitoring system for soil and groundwater environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring operation module (32) comprises a data acquisition unit (321), an alarm function unit (322), an image monitoring unit (323), a remote monitoring unit (324), a multi-level reporting unit (325) and a transmission mode unit (326).

8. The in-situ real-time monitoring system for soil and groundwater environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring display module (33) comprises a data acquisition display unit (331), a data integration display unit (332), a remote viewing display unit (333) and an over-standard warning display unit (334).

9. The in-situ real-time monitoring system for soil and groundwater environment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second monitoring and evaluation module (34) is the same as the first monitoring and evaluation module (23).

10. The in-situ real-time monitoring system for soil and groundwater environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Fixing bars (5) are fixedly mounted on both sides of the monitoring device (4), positioning plates (6) are fixedly mounted in the middle of the two fixing bars (5), a heat dissipation window (7) is fixedly mounted on the top of the monitoring device (4), a communicator (8) is fixedly mounted on one side of the monitoring device (4), and an interface (9) is provided on the other side of the monitoring device (4).

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